Aquaculture Reports最新文献

{"title":"Dietary yeast culture supplementation enhances feed utilization in largemouth bass (Micropterus salmoides) via promotion of metabolic homeostasis and hepatointestinal health","authors":"Min Li ,&nbsp;Ying Guan ,&nbsp;Min Xue ,&nbsp;Wenhao Zhou ,&nbsp;Jie Wang ,&nbsp;Hao Wang ,&nbsp;Yaping Zhu ,&nbsp;Xiaofang Liang","doi":"10.1016/j.aqrep.2026.103366","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.aqrep.2026.103366","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>As a complex compound, yeast culture provides not only abundant proteins and amino acids, but also immunologically active components such as β-glucan, nucleotides, and mannose oligosaccharides. This study aimed to investigate the effects of dietary supplementation with yeast culture on the growth performance, metabolism, and hepatointestinal health of largemouth bass (<em>Micropterus salmoides</em>). Juvenile largemouth bass (initial body weight: 31.39 ± 0.05 g, n = 120) were randomly divided into two groups and reared for 65 days: a control group (Con) and supplemented with 3 % yeast culture on the basis of control group (YC). The results showed that although yeast culture supplementation did not significantly affect growth performance (<em>P</em> &gt; 0.05), it significantly reduced the feed conversion ratio (FCR) and increased the productive protein value (PPV) (<em>P</em> &lt; 0.05), indicating improved economic benefits. Fish fed YC diet enhanced the fasting glycolysis, gluconeogenesis, key lipolytic enzymes, and the basal energy metabolism (<em>P</em> &lt; 0.05), which contributed to the protection of the liver from lipid accumulation. Additionally, addition of yeast culture reduced inflammatory infiltrated intestines and downregulated the expression of HIF1α and IL-10 (<em>P</em> &lt; 0.05). It also promoted intestinal health by reducing the abundance of harmful bacteria and increasing beneficial microbes. In conclusion, yeast culture improves hepatointestinal health by modulating glucose and lipid metabolism, as well as optimizing the gut microbiota composition, leading to enhanced feed utilization and economic benefits.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":8103,"journal":{"name":"Aquaculture Reports","volume":"46 ","pages":"Article 103366"},"PeriodicalIF":3.7,"publicationDate":"2026-03-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145972974","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Effects of probiotic and antibiotic on gut microbiome and antibiotic resistance genes in black tiger shrimp (Penaeus monodon) in Bangladesh","authors":"Shrabonti Halder ,&nbsp;Shankar C. Mandal ,&nbsp;Goutam Kumar Kundu ,&nbsp;Anwar Hossain ,&nbsp;Md. Golam Rabbane ,&nbsp;Asif Rahman ,&nbsp;Abdullah-Al Mamun ,&nbsp;Md. Latiful Islam ,&nbsp;Kozo Watanabe ,&nbsp;Md. Inja-Mamun Haque","doi":"10.1016/j.aqrep.2025.103294","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.aqrep.2025.103294","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Black tiger shrimp <em>(Penaeus monodon)</em> is the major brackish-water aquaculture species in Bangladesh and other parts of the world. The use of antibiotics and probiotics in shrimp cultivation could potentially impact the gut microbiome, leading to the emergence of antibiotic resistance genes (ARGs) in aquaculture environments. This research investigated the dynamics of shrimp gut microbial community structure and the prevalence of ARGs over a 28-day period. Four treatments were included: control, probiotics (<em>Bacillus</em>), antibiotics (oxytetracycline), and a combination of probiotics and antibiotics. The microbiome was determined using the 16S rRNA metabarcoding analysis, and 19 ARGs were detected using PCR. The microbiome analysis revealed that <em>Bacillus</em> and <em>Acinetobacter</em> were initially abundant in the groups, and changes in the genus composition were observed over the treatment period. The temporal changes in community structure in the antibiotic treatment group suggested that while antibiotics may initially impact on the bacterial community, the community may eventually recover and become similar to the other treatment groups. The combined treatment of antibiotics and probiotics resulted in an initial equilibrium between <em>Firmicutes</em> and <em>Proteobacteria</em> on day 8, followed by a subsequent transition toward <em>Firmicutes</em> dominance, probably because of the continued presence of the probiotic bacteria. The antibiotic treatment revealed the highest number of ARGs (<em>tetA, tetC, sul1, bacA,</em> and <em>ere(A)</em>), followed by the control group <em>(tetA, tetC, ere(A),</em> and <em>bacA</em>). Three ARGs (<em>tetA, tetC,</em> and <em>bacA</em>) and two (<em>tetA</em> and <em>dfrA1</em>) were detected in the probiotic and mixed treatment groups, respectively. No ARGs were detected from the mixed treatment group at the end of the treatment. These findings suggest that the simultaneous use of antibiotics and probiotics may potentially reduce the emergence of ARGs in shrimp farming. The findings may contribute to the development of strategies for using probiotics and antibiotics in shrimp farming and addressing the issue of antibiotic resistance in the aquaculture sector.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":8103,"journal":{"name":"Aquaculture Reports","volume":"46 ","pages":"Article 103294"},"PeriodicalIF":3.7,"publicationDate":"2026-03-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145787128","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Metabolomics analysis of shiitake Lentinan to alleviate sodium bicarbonate-induced renal injury in Carassius auratus and its effect on gut microbial community","authors":"Jiarui Cui ,&nbsp;Zhanxin Wang ,&nbsp;Jia Sun ,&nbsp;Yuying Wu ,&nbsp;Faye Zhang ,&nbsp;Yue-hong Li","doi":"10.1016/j.aqrep.2025.103348","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.aqrep.2025.103348","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Salinity stress is a significant hazard to aquatic creatures' survival and growth. Lentinan (LNT) is an active chemical obtained from the seeds of high-quality shiitake mushrooms with pharmacological effects including antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, anti-tumor, anti-virus, and immune system modulation. However, the physiological control of LNT on carbonate alkalinity stress in <em>Carassius auratus</em>, as well as the metabolites formed in response to endogenous chemicals, remain unclear. In this study, we investigated the mitigating effect of mushroom polysaccharides on NaHCO₃-induced kidney injury in <em>Carassius auratus</em> by observing the effect of LNT on the kidney tissues of <em>Carassius auratu</em>s, detecting apoptosis of kidney tissues, and analyzing the changes in the metabolism of kidney tissues of <em>Carassius auratus</em> by using non-targeted metabolomics methods. Study findings revealed that adding LNT greatly increased the growth performance of <em>Carassius auratus</em>, relieved the inhibitory impact of NaHCO₃ on <em>Carassius auratus</em> growth, and decreased kidney tissue cell apoptosis. 175 differential metabolites were identified in the NaHCO₃ group (GP group), of which 105 were up-regulated and 75 were down-regulated. The levels of the hazardous metabolites 15-OxoEDE and 4-Nitrophenol were dramatically elevated. In contrast, a total of 68 differential metabolites were identified in the LNT+NaHCO₃ group (LN group), of which 31 were up-regulated and 37 were down-regulated. The levels of toxic metabolites were dramatically reduced, whereas the beneficial metabolites Octanoylcarnitine and Glu-Glu were significantly raised. The findings revealed that NaHCO₃ exposure caused substantial changes in the composition of fish intestinal microbiota, whereas LNT reduced the toxicity of NaHCO₃ to fish intestinal microbiota. Overall, our results emphasize that LNT can be used as effective additives against carbonate stress in aquaculture, and provide a new strategy for aquatic organism health management in saline environments by regulating the gut microbiota of <em>Carassius auratus</em> and host metabolic interactions.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":8103,"journal":{"name":"Aquaculture Reports","volume":"46 ","pages":"Article 103348"},"PeriodicalIF":3.7,"publicationDate":"2026-03-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145972731","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Impact of Tubifex tubifex supplementation on gut microbiota and health in Chinese sturgeon larvae during dietary transition","authors":"Jianan Xu ,&nbsp;Jiachen Zhou ,&nbsp;Yining Chen ,&nbsp;Ye Zhang ,&nbsp;Huifeng Dang ,&nbsp;Houyong Fan ,&nbsp;Yueping Zheng ,&nbsp;Dan Xu","doi":"10.1016/j.aqrep.2025.103325","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.aqrep.2025.103325","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Recent advancements in the full-cycle artificial breeding of Chinese sturgeon (<em>Acipenser sinensis</em>) larvae under recirculating aquaculture systems have underscored the dietary transition period as a critical challenge, characterized by intestinal dysbiosis and bacterial enteritis. A three-month longitudinal metagenomic study was conducted to explore how blended feeding (<em>Tubifex tubifex</em> + commercial feed) affects gut microbiota dynamics and host health. The results across eight rearing cohorts demonstrated that the mid-transition phase (Month 2) is a key period for microbial restructuring. The blended diet group (experimental group, EG) exhibited higher operational taxonomic unit (OTU) recruitment rates and greater α-diversity compared to the commercial feed-only group (control group, CG). The CG exhibited a predominance of Pseudomonadota at the phylum level, with notable abundances of <em>Aeromonas</em> and <em>Citrobacter</em> at the genus level. These taxa demonstrated an enhanced potential for pathogenicity, supported by functional predictions indicating capabilities associated with biofilm formation, flagellar assembly, and lipopolysaccharide biosynthesis. Although prolonged <em>T. tubifex</em> supplementation enhanced metabolic capacity, it failed to reduce the virulence of opportunistic pathogens. Furthermore, the dietary transition process was associated with a gradual weakening of the \"resistance by host-dependent nutrient acquisition\" mechanism. Despite observing minimal variations in antibiotic levels and mobile genetic elements (MGEs) across different developmental stages and feeding strategies, the emergence of multi-drug resistance patterns remains a concern. This study provides valuable insights into optimizing feeding strategy for Chinese sturgeon larvae during the dietary transition period and emphasizes the importance of routine non-invasive monitoring of pathogens, contributing to the conservation of this endangered species.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":8103,"journal":{"name":"Aquaculture Reports","volume":"46 ","pages":"Article 103325"},"PeriodicalIF":3.7,"publicationDate":"2026-03-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145973214","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Primed humoral immune responses confer an increased early resistance to Vibrio parahemolyticus reinfection in mud crab (Scylla paramamosain)","authors":"Wei Yang ,&nbsp;Ngoc Tuan Tran ,&nbsp;Xing-Han Chen ,&nbsp;Yuan-Yuan Si ,&nbsp;Xue-Min Zhang ,&nbsp;Rui-Wen Xu ,&nbsp;Hua-Pu Chen ,&nbsp;Yue-Ling Zhang ,&nbsp;Guang-Li Li ,&nbsp;Sheng-Kang Li","doi":"10.1016/j.aqrep.2025.103344","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.aqrep.2025.103344","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Immune priming (IP) has been demonstrated to initiate more robust immune responses and protect invertebrates against recurrent infections, suggesting a potential strategy to prevent infectious diseases. In mud crab (<em>Scylla paramamosain</em>) aquaculture, <em>Vibrio</em> spp. are representative pathogens that cause high mortality and heavy economic losses. To establish a priming-based method for controlling vibriosis, the survival and humoral responses of mud crabs primarily exposed to formalin-killed <em>Vibrio parahemolyticus</em> (IP) and secondarily challenged with live bacteria (lethal challenge, LC) were examined in this study. The IP-stimulated crabs showed a significant improvement in cumulative survival. The antibacterial activity of hemolymph serum was enhanced in the early stages of IP and LC. The mRNA expressions of antimicrobial peptides and components in the TLR2-Myd88-Pelle-Dorsal cascade were significantly increased. IP evoked a faster and stronger response in the melanization cascade regulated by the prophenoloxidase system. The melanin level and phenoloxidase activity were elevated after LC, and the expression of certain related genes exhibited a greater and longer-lasting upregulation. IP also triggered a higher production of oxygen-derived free radicals and then activated the antioxidant enzyme system. The activity and expression of catalase and peroxidase were markedly increased in the primed crabs during early infection stage. The presented results suggest the effective protection of IP immunization against reinfections in mud crab, and the improved survival is largely attributable to an early-strengthened humoral immunity. These findings also provide a new understanding of the mechanisms of IP and contribute to creating a system approach for disease control management in crustacean aquaculture.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":8103,"journal":{"name":"Aquaculture Reports","volume":"46 ","pages":"Article 103344"},"PeriodicalIF":3.7,"publicationDate":"2026-03-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145973206","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Integrated analysis of the mantle methylome and transcriptome in Cyclina sinensis provides new insights into the molecular mechanisms of shell color formation","authors":"Yueyue Fei ,&nbsp;Yujia Huo ,&nbsp;Chongyu Zhong ,&nbsp;Yansong Zhang ,&nbsp;Yijin Zhu ,&nbsp;Yuyan Sun ,&nbsp;Min Wei","doi":"10.1016/j.aqrep.2025.103264","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.aqrep.2025.103264","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div><em>Cyclina sinensis</em> is an economically important bivalve in shallow-sea aquaculture, whose shell color is a key phenotypic trait with implications for ecological adaptation and commercial value. This study reports the first genome-wide DNA methylation profile of the mantle tissue from purple-shelled and white-shelled <em>C. sinensis</em> using Oxford Nanopore Technologies (ONT). We generated an average of 28.06 Gb of high-quality data per sample and identified 65,649 differentially methylated regions (DMRs), categorized as 36,130 6 mA, 24,689 CHH, 4998 CHG, and 1832 CpG sites. Functional analysis revealed significant enrichment of DMR-related genes in key pathways such as phosphatidylinositol signaling, calcium signaling, and ECM-receptor interactions. Integrated methylome and transcriptome analysis highlighted several critical genes, including <em>elovl4</em> (lipid metabolism), <em>calm</em> (calcium signaling), and <em>cyp1a1</em> (pigment metabolism), that potentially regulate carotenoid transport in purple-shelled individuals. Key regulators such as PTP10D, FBN1, and interferon-induced genes were also identified, along with transcription factors from the bHLH and bZIP families that were strongly correlated with shell color. These findings provide novel insights into the epigenetic mechanisms underlying shell color formation and establish a foundation for the molecular breeding of <em>C. sinensis</em>.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":8103,"journal":{"name":"Aquaculture Reports","volume":"46 ","pages":"Article 103264"},"PeriodicalIF":3.7,"publicationDate":"2026-03-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145617105","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Spatial Genetic Structuring and Divergence in Labeo rohita Across South Asian Rivers: Insights for Conservation Management","authors":"Md. Mahfuzur Rahman ,&nbsp;Khandaker Asif Ahmed ,&nbsp;Rowshan Ara Begum ,&nbsp;Mohammad Shamimul Alam","doi":"10.1016/j.aqrep.2025.103280","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.aqrep.2025.103280","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Understanding how large river networks shape genetic variation is critical for conserving freshwater biodiversity in the regions under ecological and socio-economic pressures. In South Asia, the rohu carp <em>Labeo rohita</em> is one of the most popular freshwater fish. Yet, the diversity of its population structure across rivers of different countries remains poorly understood. Here, we integrate mitochondrial <em>cytb</em> sequences of <em>L. rohita</em> originating from Bangladeshi rivers with those from Indian rivers to assess genetic diversity, spatial structure, and divergence across eight rivers. Analyses of 308 individuals revealed two divergent genetic clusters: one comprising eastern rivers (Ganga, Padma, Jamuna, Halda) and the other including western and northern rivers (Satluj, Rapti, Mahanadi, Brahmaputra). Despite its location in India, the Ganga population clustered with Bangladeshi rivers, consistent with historical hydrological connectivity, while the Satluj population showed the highest genetic divergence, likely reflecting long-term isolation in the Indus basin. The Ganga population also exhibited notably low haplotype and nucleotide diversity, suggesting genetic erosion due to decades of unregulated hatchery stocking. Bayesian clustering, AMOVA, and pairwise FST analyses confirmed strong spatial structuring (FST = 0.203, p &lt; 0.001), and isolation-by-distance patterns indicated a relationship between distance and gene flow. A median-joining haplotype network revealed a star-like topology, suggestive of recent demographic expansion. Phylogenetic reconstruction supported recognition of eastern and western lineages as distinct management units. These findings highlight the need for basin-specific broodstock management, genetic monitoring, and international conservation strategies to sustain genetic diversity in this economically important freshwater species.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":8103,"journal":{"name":"Aquaculture Reports","volume":"46 ","pages":"Article 103280"},"PeriodicalIF":3.7,"publicationDate":"2026-03-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145787130","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Effects of dietary vitamin E supplementation on growth performance and liver health of Jinhu grouper (Epinephelus fuscoguttatus ♀ × Epinephelus tukula ♂) fed oxidized fish oil diets","authors":"Guoyong Huang ,&nbsp;Weibin Huang ,&nbsp;Guangcai Fu ,&nbsp;Yansheng Liu ,&nbsp;Hengyang Song ,&nbsp;Wenshan Cai ,&nbsp;Yubin Liu ,&nbsp;Yuxuan Han ,&nbsp;Yilin Yao ,&nbsp;Beiping Tan ,&nbsp;Xiaohui Dong","doi":"10.1016/j.aqrep.2025.103309","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.aqrep.2025.103309","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>This study assessed the efficacy of dietary vitamin E in ameliorating growth and liver function in Jinhu grouper compromised by the inclusion of oxidized fish oil (OFO; peroxide value: 121.68 mmol/kg) in the diet, compared with a fresh fish oil control (FFO; peroxide value: 1.25 mmol/kg). The eight-week feeding trial utilized five experimental diets that were isonitrogenous and isolipidic: FFO, OFO (0 mg/kg VE), or OFO supplemented with 200 (VE1), 400 (VE2), or 600 (VE3) mg/kg vitamin E. Fish receiving oxidized fish oil showed slower growth, indicated by reduced weight gain rate (WGR) and increased feed conversion ratio (FCR). Intake of oxidized lipids altered lipid metabolism, lowering serum total cholesterol (TC), triglycerides (TG), and high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C) but elevating low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C) and malondialdehyde (MDA) levels. Hepatic antioxidant capacity was compromised, as revealed by the concurrent suppression in both the activities and gene expression levels of key antioxidant enzymes (SOD, CAT, and GPx). Concurrently, oxidized fish oil induced liver inflammation, significantly upregulating pro-inflammatory cytokine genes (notably <em>il-1β</em>, <em>il-6</em>, <em>il-8</em>, <em>tnf-α</em>), and caused histopathological damage including hepatocyte nuclear displacement and lipid droplet accumulation. Vitamin E supplementation ameliorated these effects. The VE2 group (400 mg/kg) maximally restored growth performanc, reduced serum MDA and LDL-C levels, enhanced hepatic antioxidant enzyme activities and gene expression, suppressed inflammatory cytokine expression, and attenuated histopathological lesions. In conclusion, dietary vitamin E supplementation at 400 mg/kg effectively counteracts growth impairment and hepatotoxicity induced by oxidized fish oil in Jinhu grouper.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":8103,"journal":{"name":"Aquaculture Reports","volume":"46 ","pages":"Article 103309"},"PeriodicalIF":3.7,"publicationDate":"2026-03-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145787185","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Organochlorine pesticides, phthalate esters, and heavy metals in aquacultured Florida pompano (Trachinotus carolinus) with and without β-glucan and Pediococcus acidilactici synbiotic supplementation: A transcriptomic approach","authors":"Ashley N. Morgan ,&nbsp;Susan B. Fogelson ,&nbsp;Paul S. Wills ,&nbsp;Tracy J. Mincer ,&nbsp;Annie Page","doi":"10.1016/j.aqrep.2025.103314","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.aqrep.2025.103314","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Agricultural and industrial advancements have led to the increased use and unintended environmental release of many chemicals including organochlorine pesticides, phthalates derived from plastics, and heavy metals. These toxicants are considered ubiquitous in the environment and pose a risk to non-target plants and animals. Supplementation of cultured fish with prebiotics, probiotics, and combinations of both (synbiotics) has been proposed to ameliorate the negative effects of environmental toxicants through direct toxicant binding, enhanced excretion, and other physiological mechanisms. This study evaluates the effect of β-glucan and <em>Pediococcus acidilactici</em> synbiotic supplementation on toxicant loads in 30 Florida pompano (<em>Trachinotus carolinus</em>) cultured in recirculating aquaculture systems. Transcriptomic tools were used to determine differential gene expression between supplemented and control Florida pompano to clarify potential protective mechanisms of supplementation against these toxicants. Toxicant loads did not differ between control and supplemented pompano, and toxicant burdens were below accepted maximum residue limits for most analytes. Differential gene expression analysis revealed a downregulation of superoxide dismutase type 1 (<em>SOD1</em>) in supplemented Florida pompano suggesting a reduction in oxidative stress through pathways upstream of antioxidant defenses. This study adds to the current research on pre- and probiotic supplementation in aquaculture by combining novel insight on toxicant loads as primary endpoints and transcriptomic analysis to clarify mechanisms of protective activity.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":8103,"journal":{"name":"Aquaculture Reports","volume":"46 ","pages":"Article 103314"},"PeriodicalIF":3.7,"publicationDate":"2026-03-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145972730","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Creatine supplementation attenuates high-starch-induced hepatic metabolic dysregulation and intestinal barrier dysfunction in largemouth bass (Micropterus salmoides)","authors":"Yangyang Liu ,&nbsp;Manxia Cao ,&nbsp;Jianmin Zhang ,&nbsp;Xuan Wang ,&nbsp;Ming Jiang ,&nbsp;Feng Huang ,&nbsp;Lixue Dong ,&nbsp;Di Peng ,&nbsp;Ke Cheng ,&nbsp;Hua Wen ,&nbsp;Juan Tian","doi":"10.1016/j.aqrep.2025.103321","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.aqrep.2025.103321","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>A 10-week feeding trial was conducted to investigate the effects of dietary creatine supplementation on growth and enterohepatic health in largemouth bass (<em>Micropterus salmoides</em>) under high-starch-induced stress. Juvenile fish (12.00 ± 0.30 g) were distributed into 18 tanks (30 fish/tank) across six dietary groups in triplicate. Diets were isolipidic and isocaloric: a positive control (PC) with 10 % corn starch and 40 % fish meal; a high-starch diet (HSD) with 15 % corn starch and 36 % fish meal; and the HSD supplemented with 0.5 %, 1.0 %, 1.5 %, or 2.0 % creatine (Cr0.5, Cr1.0, Cr1.5, Cr2.0). Results showed that the HSD impaired feed utilization, growth, antioxidant capacity, immunity, liver metabolism, and intestinal barrier function. Compared to the HSD group, the Cr1.0 group significantly improved weight gain rate, specific growth rate, and protein efficiency ratio (<em>P</em> &lt; 0.05), achieving performance comparable to the PC group (<em>P</em> &gt; 0.05). Furthermore, Cr1.0 supplementation enhanced intestinal morphology, upregulated the expression of tight junction proteins (<em>ZO1, Claudin 4, Claudin 1</em>) and the anti-apoptotic gene Bcl2, and increased the abundance of beneficial bacteria. Concurrently, it significantly downregulated the endoplasmic reticulum stress pathway genes (<em>GRP78, PERK, IRE1, ATF6, eIF2α, Chopα</em>; <em>P</em> &lt; 0.05). In the liver, creatine upregulated anti-inflammatory factors (<em>Nrf2</em>, <em>TGFβ1</em>, <em>IL10</em>), glycolytic genes (<em>PK</em>, <em>PFKL2</em>, <em>GK</em>), the β-oxidation gene <em>CPT1</em>, the anti-apoptotic gene <em>Bag</em>, and the glucose transporter <em>Glut2</em> (<em>P</em> &lt; 0.05), while downregulating pro-inflammatory factor <em>TNF-α</em>, gluconeogenesis gene <em>PEPCK</em>, lipogenesis genes (<em>ACC1</em>, <em>FASN</em>), and the pro-apoptotic gene <em>Bad</em> (<em>P</em> &lt; 0.05). Optimal creatine supplementation (0.92–0.96 %) based on growth and feed utilization effectively repaired intestinal barriers, regulated gut microbiota, alleviated oxidative stress and inflammation, and maintained glucose-lipid metabolism homeostasis in the liver of HSD-fed largemouth bass.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":8103,"journal":{"name":"Aquaculture Reports","volume":"46 ","pages":"Article 103321"},"PeriodicalIF":3.7,"publicationDate":"2026-03-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145972818","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}