Aquaculture Reports最新文献

{"title":"Reproductive performance of female largemouth bass (Micropterus salmoides) broodstock was enhanced by dietary small peptides","authors":"Jie Wei ,&nbsp;Mingwei Tao ,&nbsp;Jiaming Huang ,&nbsp;Hangxian Zhou ,&nbsp;Qiyou Xu","doi":"10.1016/j.aqrep.2024.102558","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.aqrep.2024.102558","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>To research the effects of dietary small peptides on the reproductive performance of largemouth bass (<em>Micropterus salmoides</em>) broodstock, four isonitrogenous and isolipidic diets were prepared by adding 5 % small peptide (SP) on two fish meal levels (40 and 20 %), which were labeled as HF (40 % FM), HS (40 % FM+5 % SP), LF (20 % FM) and LS (20 % FM+5 % SP), respectively. 160 female largemouth bass broodstock (initial body weight: 452.36 ± 15.54 g) were randomly allocated to four groups with 4 tanks per group of 10 fish each. A 30-day feed experiment was conducted. Results showed that gonadosomatic index (GSI) of largemouth bass was higher in the 5 % SP group (8.51 ± 1.57 %) than that in the 0 % SP group (7.74 ± 1.82 %) (<em>P</em> &lt; 0.05); GSI (6.83 ± 0.95 %) and relative fertility (RF, 90.64 ± 15.68 eggs/g) were significantly lower in the 20 % FM groups (<em>P</em> &lt; 0.05), based on two-way ANOVA analysis. The contents of vitellogenin (VTG, 318.15 ± 26.15 μg/L), estradiol (E2, 42.90 ± 0.31 ng/L) and follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH, 23.04 ± 0.74 U/L) in serum were higher in the HS group than those in other groups (<em>P</em> &lt; 0.05). The mRNA expression levels of vitellogenin receptor (<em>vgr</em>, 1.64 ± 0.41), follicle stimulating hormone receptor (<em>fshr</em>, 1.77 ± 0.35) and cytochrome P450 17a (<em>cyp17a</em>, 2.42 ± 1.02) in gonad were up-regulated in the 5 % SP group (<em>P</em> &lt; 0.05). The mRNA expression levels of <em>vgr</em> (1.90 ± 0.29), insulin-like growth factor-1 (1.53 ± 0.67), steroidogenic acute regulatory protein (2.59 ± 0.78), <em>fshr</em> (1.97 ± 0.35) and <em>cyp17a</em> (2.78 ± 1.32) in gonad were up-regulated in the HS group (<em>P</em> &lt; 0.05). The results indicated that the reproductive performance of female largemouth bass could be enhanced by adding 5 % SP to 40 % fish meal die. However, reproductive performance was negatively affected by 20 % fish meal in the diet, which provided a reference for the application of small peptides in the formulated feed for largemouth bass broodstock.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":8103,"journal":{"name":"Aquaculture Reports","volume":"40 ","pages":"Article 102558"},"PeriodicalIF":3.2,"publicationDate":"2024-12-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143142179","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Comparative effects of different dietary pectin types on growth performance and intestinal health in pearl gentian grouper (Epinephelus fuscoguttatus♀ × E. lanceolatus♂)","authors":"Lulu Zhu,&nbsp;Xiaoxue Meng,&nbsp;Xuehan Wang,&nbsp;Jiongting Fan,&nbsp;Beiping Tan,&nbsp;Junming Deng","doi":"10.1016/j.aqrep.2024.102547","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.aqrep.2024.102547","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Pectin, a non-starch polysaccharide found in plant materials, has been shown to have positive effects on intestinal health. However, there is limited research on the specific effects of different types of pectin on fish. This study aimed to investigate the effects of different dietary types of pectin on the growth performance and intestinal health of pearl gentian grouper (<em>Epinephelus fuscoguttatus</em>♀ × <em>E. lanceolatus</em>♂). Four experimental diets were formulated, including an 8 % common low-ester pectin (CLP) diet, 8 % amidated low-ester pectin (ALP) diet, 8 % high-ester pectin (HP) diet, and a control diet in which 8 % pectin was replaced by 8 % dextrin. Each diet was randomly assigned to triplicate groups of 35 juvenile groupers (6.66 ± 0.07 g) per tank in a rearing system for 10 weeks. Daily growth coefficient and feed conversion ratio were calculated to assess growth performance, while intestinal mucosal barrier function as well as intestinal physical, chemical, immune, and biological barrier was evaluated to assess intestinal health. The results indicated that dietary inclusion of 8 % pectin generally promoted the growth performance of grouper, but significant difference was observed only in the ALP group. The various type of pectin decreased the intestinal lipase activity and plasma lipopolysaccharide level, increased the intestinal total antioxidant capacity, and down-regulated the expression of intestinal TNF-α and IL-8 but up-regulated the expression of intestinal IL-10. Moreover, dietary 8 % ALP inclusion increased the alkline phosphatase activity, mucoprotein 2 content and the expression level of zonula occludens and Claudin3 in the intestine; while dietary 8 % CLP inclusion increased the intestinal mucoprotein 2 content but decreased intestinal muscularis thickness. Dietary 8 % CLP and ALP inclusion notably increased the relative abundance of <em>Turicibacter</em> and <em>Cetobacterium</em> in the intestine, with <em>Turicibacter</em> contributing to short-chain fatty acid production and <em>Cetobacterium</em> producing vitamin B₁₂, both of which have positive implications for fish health. In conclusion, dietary 8 % ALP inclusion increased the relative abundance of beneficial bacteria in the intestine, enhanced the content of mucoprotein 2, suppressed intestinal inflammation, promoted tight junctions in intestinal cells, reduced intestinal permeability, and facilitated nutrient absorption, thereby supporting the growth of pearl gentian grouper, suggesting the potential of ALP as an additive for enhancing growth and gut health in marine fish.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":8103,"journal":{"name":"Aquaculture Reports","volume":"40 ","pages":"Article 102547"},"PeriodicalIF":3.2,"publicationDate":"2024-12-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143142749","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Proteomic analysis to explore potential mechanism underlying pseudomale sperm defect in Cynoglossus semilaevis","authors":"Xihong Li ,&nbsp;Lu Li ,&nbsp;Zhongkai Cui ,&nbsp;Ming Li ,&nbsp;Xuexue Sun ,&nbsp;Zhijie Li ,&nbsp;Zhangfan Chen ,&nbsp;Lanqing Ding ,&nbsp;Dongdong Xu ,&nbsp;Wenteng Xu","doi":"10.1016/j.aqrep.2024.102553","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.aqrep.2024.102553","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Females of Chinese tongue sole (<em>Cynoglossus semilaevis</em>) grow 2–4 times faster and bigger than males, but some genetic females can sex reverse into phenotypic males (called pseudomales, ZW karyotype) that presents similar slow growth to normal males. Pseudomales could only produce Z-type sperm, of which the inheritance epigenetic pattern makes their offspring tend to be pseudomales. In this study, to explore the potential mechanism underlying sperm defect (W sperm absence) of pseudomales, we compared the proteomic profiles of pseudomale and male semen samples. Totally, 783 differentially expressed proteins (DEPs) including 495 up-regulated and 288 down-regulated proteins were identified in pseudomale group. Proteins involved with proteasome were enriched by GO and KEGG analyses. A protein-protein interaction (PPI) network was further constructed to understand the relationship of the DEPs. Interestingly, ten molecular chaperones including four heat shock proteins (Hsp90aa1.2, Hsp90ab1, Hsp90b1, and Hsc71/Hspa8) and six chaperonin containing T-complex protein 1 (TCP1) subunits (Cct1, Cct2, Cct3, Cct4, Cct5, and Cct7) were identified, and they were up-regulated in pseudomale. Ubiquitin-related proteins including ubiquitin like 4 A (Ubl4a) and NEDD8 ubiquitin like modifier (NEDD8), proteasome subunits such as proteasome 26S subunit, non-ATPase 14 (Psmd14) and proteasome 26S subunit, ATPase 6 (Psmc6), and redox-related proteins like thioredoxin-disulfide reductase (Txnrd3) and thioredoxin (Trx1) were also found in PPI network. In addition, up-regulation of lysophosphatidylcholine acyltransferase 3 (Lpcat3), acyl-coenzyme A (CoA) synthetase long-chain family members (Acsl1a and Acsl6), glutathione synthetase (GSS), and transferrin receptor 1 (Trf1) but down-regulation of ferritin were observed in pseudomale. Dysfunction of chaperones targeting client polypeptides for degradation via the ubiquitin-proteasome system (UPS) or ferroptosis might be a possible cause of pseudomale sperm abnormalities. The study provides a fundamental basis for explaining W sperm absence, which may have vast application in the future fish breeding with high-female-ratio.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":8103,"journal":{"name":"Aquaculture Reports","volume":"40 ","pages":"Article 102553"},"PeriodicalIF":3.2,"publicationDate":"2024-12-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143142750","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Transcriptome analysis of testis in response to silencing of Piwi2 sheds light on spermatogenesis in the mud crab Scylla paramamosain","authors":"Tao Wang,&nbsp;Li Lu,&nbsp;Fang Liu,&nbsp;An Liu,&nbsp;Haihui Ye","doi":"10.1016/j.aqrep.2024.102550","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.aqrep.2024.102550","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Piwi proteins act in interaction with piRNAs to influence germline development in a variety of organisms. Nevertheless, to date, there is limited studies have been documented regarding the function of Piwis in crustaceans. In this study, we isolated a <em>Piwi2</em> gene from the mud crab <em>Scylla paramamosain</em>, and further explored its possible role in spermatogenesis through RNA interference (RNAi) and transcriptome analysis. The expression profile suggested that <em>Sp-Piwi2</em> was specifically expressed in the testis of <em>S. paramamosain</em>. It had a high expression level at stage I, and that expression significantly decreased at stage II but subsequently increased at stage III. Immunofluorescence results revealed that <em>Sp</em>-Piwi2 was localized in the cytoplasm of spermatogonia. RNAi showed that the expression of <em>Sp-Piwi2</em> was specifically down-regulated. In response to the prolonged down-regulation of <em>Sp-Piwi2</em>, the number of germ cells in the testis was markedly decreased. Transcriptome analysis further suggested that <em>Sp-Piwi2</em> presumably regulates spermatogenesis by promoting spermatogonia proliferation and the differentiation of spermatogonia to spermatocytes, and is also involved in apoptosis and regulation of transposons. Our findings assigned the functions of <em>Sp-Piwi2</em> in the spermatogenesis of the mud crab <em>S. paramamosain</em>, and shed a new insight into the mechanism underlying <em>Sp-</em>Piwi2 involved in spermatogenesis.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":8103,"journal":{"name":"Aquaculture Reports","volume":"40 ","pages":"Article 102550"},"PeriodicalIF":3.2,"publicationDate":"2024-12-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143142747","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Peel of pumpkin (Cucurbita pepo) diets boost growth, digestive-absorptive functions, immune-antioxidant indices, and regulate immunomodulatory genes and mTOR/MAPK-P38/apoptosis signaling pathway in Oreochromis niloticus","authors":"Rowida E. Ibrahim ,&nbsp;Gehad E. Elshopakey ,&nbsp;Elsayed M. Younis ,&nbsp;Abdelwahab A. Abdelwarith ,&nbsp;Asmaa Yaseen ,&nbsp;Tarek Khamis ,&nbsp;Simon J. Davies ,&nbsp;Afaf N. Abdel Rahman","doi":"10.1016/j.aqrep.2024.102548","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.aqrep.2024.102548","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Much attention has been focused on the potential application of industrial by-products as feed supplements in fish diets. The current study examines the effects of feeding pumpkin (<em>Cucurbita pepo</em>) peel powder (CPP) on growth, digestive processes, immune-antioxidant parameters, and gene expression that regulates these processes in Nile tilapia (<em>Oreochromis niloticus</em>). Additionally, fish resistance to <em>Aeromonas veronii</em> was assessed. Fish (n = 200; 34.93 ± 0.11 g) were split equally into four groups and kept for 60 days. Fish were given diets supplemented with different CPP levels: 0 (CPP0 was the control diet), 5 (CPP5), 10 (CPP10), and 15 (CPP15) g CPP/kg diet. The findings showed that CPP meals significantly increased (<em>P</em>˂0.05) growth, intestinal morphometrics, and digestive enzyme activity. The optimum dietary level of CPP was 12 g/kg diet according to the broken line regression analysis based on the data of weight gain and feed conversion ratio. CPP diets up-regulated (<em>P</em>˂0.05) the intestinal and muscular gene expression (trypsin, solute carrier family 6, member 18, fatty acid-binding proteins-2, cluster of differentiation 36, insulin growth factor-1, carnitine palmitoyl-transferase-1alpha, pyruvate kinase, and glucokinase). CPP diets improved the immune-antioxidant indices (<em>P</em>˂0.001) (lysozyme, complement 3, myeloperoxidase, superoxide dismutase, reduced glutathione content, and total antioxidant capacity). Moreover, CPP diets increased (<em>P</em>˂0.05) the splenic expression of heme oxygenase-1, interleukins (<em>IL-6</em> and <em>IL8</em>), tumor necrosis factor-alpha, and nuclear factor erythroid-related factor 2. CPP diets caused down-regulation (<em>P</em>˂0.05) of the splenic expression of the tumor suppressor gene (<em>P53</em>), mitogen-activated protein kinase (<em>P38</em>), caspase-9, and mechanistic target of rapamycin. During the <em>A. veronii</em> challenge, the fish survival percentage increased with CPP diets. Noteworthy, CPP diets could improve Nile tilapia immunity, growth, and disease resistance. Moreover, the best dietary level of CPP was 12 g/kg diet for sustainable Nile tilapia aquaculture.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":8103,"journal":{"name":"Aquaculture Reports","volume":"40 ","pages":"Article 102548"},"PeriodicalIF":3.2,"publicationDate":"2024-12-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143142746","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"In vitro evaluation of the antibacterial effects of monomer components of Pithecellobium clypearia against aquatic pathogens and synergy with enrofloxacin","authors":"Wenhao Wu,&nbsp;Jiahao Zhang,&nbsp;Xiaoyin He,&nbsp;Wei Li,&nbsp;Chun Liu,&nbsp;Biao Jiang,&nbsp;Youlu Su","doi":"10.1016/j.aqrep.2024.102543","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.aqrep.2024.102543","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Traditional Chinese medicine (TCM), renowned for environmentally friendly and natural characteristics, has emerged as a promising alternative to conventional antibiotics. This study evaluated the antibacterial efficacy of six TCM-derived monomers (quercetin, luteolin, pyrogallol, gallic acid, tannic acid, and L-epicatechin) from <em>Pithecellobium clypearia</em> against 11 stains of aquatic pathogens, including a drug-resistant <em>Aeromonas schubertii</em> strains. Employing the Oxford cup diffusion and micro broth dilution methods, we discovered these components demonstrated varying degrees of antibacterial activity against the tested pathogens. Pyrogallol, luteolin and tannic acid exhibiting particularly remarkable performance. with pyrogallol exhibiting an impressive minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) of just 15.63 µg/mL, and luteolin and tannic acid ranged from 62.50 to 500 µg/mL. These compounds demonstrate greater efficacy against the multi-drug resistant <em>Aeromonas schubertii</em> strain WL23R compared to the sensitive <em>A. schubertii</em> strain WL23S, indicating their potential in combating antibiotic resistance. Additionally, the combination of pyrogallol, luteolin, and tannic synergy with enrofloxacin (ENR) enhanced the potency of existing antimicrobials and potentially reducing dosage needs. These results provided evidence that the six monomers, particularly pyrogallol, luteolin, and tannic acid, exhibited substantial antibacterial properties with potential applications as antibiotic alternatives in aquaculture.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":8103,"journal":{"name":"Aquaculture Reports","volume":"40 ","pages":"Article 102543"},"PeriodicalIF":3.2,"publicationDate":"2024-12-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143141896","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Comprehensive assessment of a miRNA-mRNA regulatory network in Meretrix meretrix: Implications for metabolism and autophagy across divergent growth rates","authors":"Yuchen Wang ,&nbsp;Zhidong Zhang ,&nbsp;Suhua Chen ,&nbsp;Yangping Wu ,&nbsp;Qiujie Li ,&nbsp;Yi Cao ,&nbsp;Yu Zhang ,&nbsp;Aihua Chen","doi":"10.1016/j.aqrep.2024.102527","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.aqrep.2024.102527","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are a class of non-coding RNAs that modulate gene expression at the post-transcriptional level. Characterized by their dynamic expression patterns, miRNAs play a crucial role in regulating a multitude of biological processes, including metabolism and autophagy. For fishermen, enhancing the growth performance of the Asian hard clam, <em>Meretrix meretrix,</em> is vital for increasing yields and their income. To elucidating the regulatory mechanisms underlying clam growth, a comparative analysis of the miRNA and mRNA transcriptomes was undertaken for <em>M. meretrix</em> specimens exhibiting disparate growth rates. The results showed that a total of 32 differentially expressed miRNAs (DEMs) and 1049 differentially expressed mRNAs (DEGs) were identified. Furthermore, an integrated miRNA-mRNA expression analysis enabled the identification of 459 differentially predicted target genes (DETGs) associated with the DEMs. A significant enrichment in multiple functional categories related to metabolism and autophagy was observed among the DETGs. We constructed an intricate regulatory network that encompasses the metabolic and autophagy pathways influenced by 11 pivotal DEMs and 15 DETGs, which differ across the growth rates of <em>M. meretrix</em>. The results indicate that variations in growth rates elicit complex responses in both miRNA and mRNA expression, profoundly influencing the metabolic and autophagy processes within <em>M. meretrix</em>.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":8103,"journal":{"name":"Aquaculture Reports","volume":"40 ","pages":"Article 102527"},"PeriodicalIF":3.2,"publicationDate":"2024-12-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143142745","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Production and characterization of nervous necrosis virus vaccine antigens in wild type and CRISPR/Cas9 genome edited Nicotiana benthamiana and edible crop lettuce Lactuca sativa","authors":"Iva Andrasevic ,&nbsp;Hang Su ,&nbsp;Espen Rimstad ,&nbsp;Jihong Liu Clarke","doi":"10.1016/j.aqrep.2024.102546","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.aqrep.2024.102546","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Aquaculture constitutes an important source of protein, essential omega-3 fatty acids and bioavailable micronutrients for humans. The increasing demand for aquatic food products has resulted in more intensive farming practices leading to negative impacts on aquaculture organisms and marine ecosystems. Disease outbreaks cause more than 6 billion USD loss worldwide annually and possess high risks of spreading to the wild fauna especially by viral infections. Vaccination has been proved to be effective to mitigate these problems and widely used as prophylaxis in aquaculture, but available vaccines against viral nervous necrosis (VNN) are limited currently. Plant platforms have several advantages and have been proposed as an alternative biomanufacturing method for vaccine antigens. In the present study, we report: (1) selection and design of recombinant plasmids encoding the capsid proteins (CPs) of two genotypes of NNV, red-spotted grouper nervous necrosis virus (RGNNV) and striped jack nervous necrosis virus (SJNNV); (2) design and optimization of plasmids for transient expression of NNV vaccine antigens in wild type <em>Nicotiana benthamiana</em>, CRISPR/Cas9 genome edited <em>Nicotiana benthamiana</em> and Lactuca sativa; (3) test of different Agrobacterium strains (LBA4404 and AGL1) for effective production of NNVCPs; (4) the expression patterns of NNVCPs over time post infiltration for different plants and cultivars; (5) successful production of NNV antigens in <em>N. benthamiana</em> lines and lettuce cultivars, indicating the potential of the plants as antigen producers in the development of a plant-based vaccine against VNN.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":8103,"journal":{"name":"Aquaculture Reports","volume":"40 ","pages":"Article 102546"},"PeriodicalIF":3.2,"publicationDate":"2024-12-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143142744","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Salinity affects the lipid metabolism and intestinal microbial composition of swimming crab Portunus trituberculatus","authors":"Meimei Liu ,&nbsp;Tong Li ,&nbsp;Hao Zhang ,&nbsp;Zi Wang ,&nbsp;Xugan Wu ,&nbsp;Jie He ,&nbsp;Zhiguo Dong","doi":"10.1016/j.aqrep.2024.102541","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.aqrep.2024.102541","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The swimming crab (<em>Portunus trituberculatus</em>) is an aquaculture species with high commercial value. However, there is limited information available on the effects of salinity on the lipid metabolism and gut microbiota of <em>P. trituberculatus</em>. This study investigated the hepatopancreatic index, hepatopancreatic lipid metabolism, physiological and biochemical indicators and gut microbiota of <em>P. trituberculatus</em> cultured at salinity 28 ‰, 25 ‰, 22 ‰ and 19 ‰ for 8 weeks. The results showed that the highest expression level of <em>SREBP1, FAS</em>, <em>LPR1</em>, <em>ACOX</em> and <em>FABP</em> was found in 19 ‰ group compared to the 28 ‰ group, along with the enzyme activities of CPT1 and FAS. On the contrary, the expression level of <em>DGAT1</em> and <em>LPR2</em> in the 28 ‰ group was significantly higher than that of 19 ‰ group, along with the enzyme activities of LPS. The results of fatty acid content showed that only polyunsaturated fatty acids showed significant changes in response to salinity, such as C18:2n6, C20:2n6 and C20:3n3. Moreover, the intestine microbial α-diversity index of crab in the 28 ‰ treatment was higher than that of other groups. The dominant phylum in gut samples was <em>Proteobacteria</em>, followed by <em>Firmicutes</em> and <em>Bacteroidota</em>. Moreover, <em>Mycoplasma</em>, <em>Candidatus Endoecteinascidia</em> and <em>Shewanella</em> showed a significant decline in the 28 ‰ group compared to the 19 ‰ group. Bacterial functional pathway prediction has also shown that the KEGG pathways involved in ovarian steroidogenesis, NF-kappa B signaling pathway and regulation of lipolysis in adipocytes increased in 28 ‰ group compared with 19 ‰ group. In conclusion, hepatopancreatic fatty acid metabolism was more active in the 19 ‰ group, whereas the 28 ‰ group not only promoted triglyceride synthesis in the hepatopancreas, but also facilitated ovarian development of <em>P. trituberculatus</em> by influencing the gut microbial composition.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":8103,"journal":{"name":"Aquaculture Reports","volume":"40 ","pages":"Article 102541"},"PeriodicalIF":3.2,"publicationDate":"2024-12-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143142743","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Dietary Solid-state-fermentation product of Bacillus velezensis T23 alleviate hepatic steatosis, oxidative stress, gut barrier damage, and microbiota dysbiosis in juvenile genetically improved farmed tilapia (GIFT, Oreochromis niloticus)","authors":"Qiang Hao ,&nbsp;Rolf Erik Olsen ,&nbsp;Einar Ringø ,&nbsp;Qianwen Ding ,&nbsp;Tsegay Teame ,&nbsp;Yuanyuan Yao ,&nbsp;Chao Ran ,&nbsp;Yalin Yang ,&nbsp;Zhen Zhang ,&nbsp;Zhigang Zhou","doi":"10.1016/j.aqrep.2024.102523","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.aqrep.2024.102523","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The application of commensal probiotic bacteria is one of the preferable green feed additives for antibiotic substitution in aquaculture, while the application methods and detailed action mechanisms of commensal bacteria isolated from aquatic animals are not consistent with normal mammalian-derived probiotics. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the effects of solid-state fermentation product of autochthonous <em>Bacillus velezensis</em> T23 on improving hepatic steatosis, liver antioxidation capacity, gut injury and gut microbiota profile of genetically improved farmed tilapia (GIFT, <em>Oreochromis niloticus</em>). The T23 probiotic was added to the basal diet at a level of 0.00, 0.05, 0.1, 0.2 and 0.3 g/kg to develop five experimental diets, respectively. After 4 weeks of the feeding trial, the results showed that T23 supplementation notably reduced the hepatocytes vacuolization and the content of liver TAGs by downregulated the mRNA expression of the lipogenesis gene (<em>fas</em>), while upregulated the mRNA expression of lipid degradation genes (<em>cpt1</em> and <em>pparα</em>) (<em>p</em> &lt; 0.05). Compared with the control, the 0.3T23 group showed significantly upregulated expression levels of anti-inflammatory cytokine genes (<em>tgf-β</em> and <em>il-10</em>) in the liver of the fish (<em>p</em> &lt; 0.05). Besides, the activities of antioxidase SOD and CAT were significantly upregulated in T23 treatment groups, compared with the control (<em>p</em> &lt; 0.05). Fish groups fed with 0.2 g/kg and 0.3 g/kg T23 supplemented diet also exhibited significantly lower intestinal injury and intestinal inflammation via upregulating the expression of tight junction protein gene <em>claudin</em>, anti-inflammatory factor gene <em>il-10</em> (<em>p</em> &lt; 0.05). However, markedly downregulation of the mRNA level of pro-inflammatory cytokine <em>il-1β</em> (<em>p</em> &lt; 0.05) was observed in 0.05 and 0.3T23 groups, compared with the control. 16S rRNA sequencing analysis data on gut microbiota indicated that supplementation of T23 at lower levels (0.05, 0.1 and 0.2) resulted in a remarkable elevation of the abundance of phylum Firmicutes and reduced the abundance of Proteobacteria, and the ratio of (Firmicutes +Bacteroidota +Fusobacteria) /Proteobacteria. On the contrary, feeding with 0.3T23 negatively affects the gut microbiota diversity and structure of tilapia. Therefore, a 0.2 g/kg dose is suggested to supplement the diet of Nile tilapia to improve liver health and modulate the gut microbiota profile of the fish positively. Overall, these findings provide a shred of beneficial evidence of the application of <em>B. velezensis</em> T23 as a green feed additive to improve the productivity and profitability of tilapia farming.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":8103,"journal":{"name":"Aquaculture Reports","volume":"40 ","pages":"Article 102523"},"PeriodicalIF":3.2,"publicationDate":"2024-12-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143142742","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}