Aquaculture Reports最新文献

{"title":"Cerebrin and small cardioactive peptides enhance feed intake in Pacific abalone (Haliotis discus hannai): An integrative molecular and in vivo study","authors":"Mi-Jin Choi ,&nbsp;Young Dae Oh ,&nbsp;Han Kyu Lim","doi":"10.1016/j.aqrep.2025.103354","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.aqrep.2025.103354","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Feeding behavior in marine gastropods, including Pacific abalone (<em>Haliotis discus hannai</em>), is critical for growth and aquaculture productivity, but its molecular regulation mechanism remains poorly understood. Herein, we identified and characterized two conserved neuropeptides—cerebrin and small cardioactive peptides (SCPs)—in Pacific abalone. Transcriptomic mining of cerebral ganglion datasets recovered full-length precursors: a cerebrin precursor (258 bp coding sequence [CDS]; 85 aa) encoding a 17-aa amidated peptide (NGGTLDSLFNLPDLSDN-NH₂), and an SCP precursor (342 bp CDS; 113 aa) encoding two amidated peptides—SCP_A (SGYLAFPRM-NH₂) and SCP_B (MNYLAFPRM-NH₂). Both genes showed four-exon architectures and strong conservation of the NGGT and YLAFPRM motifs across mollusks, as supported by multiple sequence alignment and phylogenetic analyses that clustered abalone sequences within gastropod clades. Developmental expression profiles were stage specific: <em>cerebrin</em> expression was highest in 3 months post-fertilization juveniles, whereas <em>SCP</em> peaked at the pre-settlement larval stage (6 days post-fertilization). During a 7-day feeding period followed by 7 days of refasting, <em>cerebrin</em> and <em>SCP</em> expression in buccal musculature increased significantly (6-fold at D7 for <em>cerebrin</em>; 20-fold at D4 for <em>SCP</em> relative to D0, <em>p</em> &lt; 0.05), with minimal changes in the cerebral ganglion and intestine, implicating peripheral roles in radular and odontophore activity. Functional assays corroborated these effects: <em>in vivo</em> administration of synthetic peptides (10 nmol/day for 3 days) significantly increased feed intake compared to saline controls (<em>p</em> &lt; 0.05), with SCP_A showing the greatest efficacy (0.51 ± 0.15 g per individual vs. 0.03 ± 0.02 g in saline controls). These results demonstrate the orexigenic functions of cerebrin and SCPs, elucidate their feeding regulation mechanisms, and highlight their potential as molecular targets to improve feeding efficiency and resilience in abalone aquaculture.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":8103,"journal":{"name":"Aquaculture Reports","volume":"46 ","pages":"Article 103354"},"PeriodicalIF":3.7,"publicationDate":"2026-03-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145972733","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Horizontal transmission of white spot syndrome virus (wssv) from Procambarus clarkii to Eriocheir sinensis in polyculture systems: Infection characteristics, physiological responses, and ecological impacts","authors":"Lin Zhang ,&nbsp;Peng Huang ,&nbsp;Jiancao Gao ,&nbsp;Gangchun Xu ,&nbsp;Jiayi Li ,&nbsp;Yi Sun ,&nbsp;Zemao Gu","doi":"10.1016/j.aqrep.2025.103313","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.aqrep.2025.103313","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Although laboratory studies have confirmed horizontal transmission of white spot syndrome virus (WSSV) among decapod crustaceans, its transmission dynamics in practical aquaculture remains poorly understood. This study investigated WSSV transmission from infected <em>Procambarus clarkii</em> to <em>Eriocheir sinensis</em> in a simulated polyculture environment. A 15-day outdoor pond experiment (120 m²) was conducted by co-culturing WSSV-infected crayfish with healthy crabs. Our results demonstrated successful cross-species transmission, with highest viral loads in gills and muscle tissues. Female crabs showed significantly higher susceptibility to infection than males. Physiological analysis revealed elevated oxidative stress markers in infected crabs, including increased superoxide dismutase activity and malondialdehyde levels. Molecular analysis showed upregulation of immune-related genes (anti-lipopolysaccharide factors, crustin, prophenoloxidase) in gills and muscle, indicating innate immune activation. We observed distinct tissue-specific responses: in male muscle, viral replication was associated with Nrf2 pathway activation and autophagy suppression, while gills tissues exhibited apoptosis potentially limiting viral spread. Plankton community shifts were also documented, with increased diatom and ciliate abundance but decreased green and golden algae in WSSV-infected waters. This study provides direct evidence of WSSV transmission between economically important crustacean species under practical aquaculture conditions, highlighting the disease risks in polyculture systems and the need for strict carrier screening.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":8103,"journal":{"name":"Aquaculture Reports","volume":"46 ","pages":"Article 103313"},"PeriodicalIF":3.7,"publicationDate":"2026-03-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145972816","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Zootechnical performance, disease resistance and economic efficiency of climbing perch, Anabas testudineus fed Terminalia arjuna bark-supplemented diets","authors":"Shishir Kumar Nandi ,&nbsp;Md. Abdullah Al Mamun Hridoy ,&nbsp;Sanchita Sarkar ,&nbsp;Zulhisyam Abdul Kari ,&nbsp;Muhammad A.B. Siddik ,&nbsp;Abu Mohammad Nazmul Hasan ,&nbsp;El-Sayed Hemdan Eissa ,&nbsp;Hien Van Doan ,&nbsp;Mohd Farhan Hanif Reduan ,&nbsp;Muhammad Anamul Kabir","doi":"10.1016/j.aqrep.2025.103328","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.aqrep.2025.103328","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Arjuna bark powder (ABP) is recognized for its rich bioactive compounds and potent medicinal properties, emerging as a valuable feed additive in aquaculture due to its potential to improve fish health and well-being. This study aimed to evaluate the impacts of various levels of dietary ABP inclusion on the growth performance, whole-body biochemical composition, blood chemistry, liver health, disease resistance, and economic performance of climbing perch, <em>Anabas testudineus</em> (initial weight: 3.00 ± 0.02 g and length: 4.51 ± 0.01 cm). Four isonitrogenous (35 % crude protein) and isocaloric (9 % crude lipid) diets were prepared by incorporating ABP at 0 % (control, D1), 1 % (D2), 2 % (D3), and 3 % (D4), and were fed to triplicate groups of fish (n = 360) for 56 days. The feed physical properties did not show any significant variations across the dietary groups (p &gt; 0.05), except for water stability. Fish diets with 1 and 2 % ABP had significantly higher palatability compared to other dietary groups (p &lt; 0.05). Attractability was noted significantly higher in the 1 % ABP diet (p &lt; 0.05). Zootechnical parameters in terms of final weight, weight gain, specific growth rate, live weight gain, feed conversion ratio, protein efficiency ratio, hepatosomatic index, and visceral somatic index were significantly improved in the D2 diet fed fish group (p &lt; 0.05). Carcass composition showed that crude lipid content was reduced in higher level of ABP (p &lt; 0.05), while crude protein, ash, and moisture did not exhibit any variations (p &gt; 0.05). The mean values of white blood cell, neutrophil, and red blood cell were markedly enhanced in the D2 and D3 fish groups (p &lt; 0.05). The levels of glucose, alanine amino transferase, aspartate amino transferase, and cholesterol were significantly higher in the control fish (p &lt; 0.05). The D2 fed fish showed an improved liver health. The percent survival was the highest in the D2 group (76.67 %), while control fish had the lowest survival (30 %) when challenged with <em>Pseudomonas aeruginosa</em>. Economic efficiency was significantly enhanced in the D2 group when compared to other dietary treatments (p &lt; 0.05). Overall, incorporating ABP up to 1 % (D2) in fish diets demonstrated better growth and health performance, disease resistance and economic efficiency.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":8103,"journal":{"name":"Aquaculture Reports","volume":"46 ","pages":"Article 103328"},"PeriodicalIF":3.7,"publicationDate":"2026-03-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145972815","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Development of a non-programmable sperm cryopreservation technique in pearl oyster Pinctada fucata martensii and investigation of transcriptomic profile of post-thaw sperm by RNA-seq","authors":"Zhen Xu ,&nbsp;Xuwen Hu ,&nbsp;Cun Wei ,&nbsp;Lisui Bao ,&nbsp;Xin Zhan ,&nbsp;Xiaoxu Li ,&nbsp;Jing Wu ,&nbsp;Yujue Wang ,&nbsp;Yibing Liu","doi":"10.1016/j.aqrep.2026.103367","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.aqrep.2026.103367","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The deterioration of germplasm quality and genetic diversity has been considered as the key reason threatening the sustainable development of pearl oyster (<em>Pinctada fucata martensii</em>) industry in China. This study has developed a non-programmable sperm cryopreservation technique to provide a reliable strategy for its germplasm preservation to address this issue and investigated the changes in transcriptomic profiles of post-thaw sperm by RNA-seq. The factors important to the development of this cryopreservation technique were assessed, including cryoprotectant agent [dimethyl sulfoxide (DMSO), propylene glycol, ethylene glycol, glycine, glucose and polyvinylpyrrolidone (PVP)], rack height, thawing temperature and sperm to egg ratio at fertilization. The post-thaw sperm fertilization rate of 40.67 ± 4.04 % was produced when sperm were cryopreserved with 6 % DMSO at 6 cm rack height, thawed at 40 °C temperature and fertilized at a sperm to egg ratio of 10000:1. This rate was further improved to approximately 50 % by adding 0.1 % PVP into 6 % DMSO with 50 % lower sperm to egg ratio. The addition of PVP also improved acrosome integrity, motility and activities of catalase and superoxide dismutase of post-thaw sperm. The transcriptomic profiles showed 207 differentially expressed transcripts between fresh and cryopreserved sperm. The enrichment network analysis of the top 10 most significantly altered Gene Ontology terms from biological process, cellular components and molecular function revealed that the increased abundance transcripts were mainly related to the cellular movement, chromosome segregation and cell division, while the decreased abundance transcripts were mainly related to the immunity. In conclusion, a non-programmable sperm cryopreservation technique has been established to preserve the germplasm in farmed <em>P. fucata martensii</em> in China. The differential transcriptomic profiles between fresh and post-thaw sperm could provide useful information to further improve sperm cryopreservation technique which could also benefit the breeding program and germplasm preservation in both pearl oyster and other related bivalve aquaculture industry.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":8103,"journal":{"name":"Aquaculture Reports","volume":"46 ","pages":"Article 103367"},"PeriodicalIF":3.7,"publicationDate":"2026-03-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145972970","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Effects of replacement of inorganic trace elements by organic trace elements in alternative diets of Tenebrio molitor on growth performance, antioxidant capacity, immunity and intestinal flora of Litopenaeus vannamei","authors":"Qihang Liang ,&nbsp;Chao Li ,&nbsp;Beiping Tan ,&nbsp;Shiwei Xie ,&nbsp;Xiaohui Dong ,&nbsp;Qihui Yang ,&nbsp;Shuyan Chi ,&nbsp;Shuang Zhang ,&nbsp;Junming Deng ,&nbsp;Hongyu Liu","doi":"10.1016/j.aqrep.2026.103361","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.aqrep.2026.103361","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>This study evaluated the effects of replacing inorganic trace elements with organic forms in T<em>enebrio molitor</em>-based diets on the growth performance, antioxidant capacity, immune response, and intestinal microbiota of Pacific white shrimp (<em>Litopenaeus vannamei</em>). A total of 480 juvenile shrimp (initial body weight 0.26 ± 0.01 g) were randomly assigned to four dietary treatments with three replicates per treatment for a 10-week feeding trial. A fishmeal-based diet supplemented with inorganic trace elements served as the control. In the negative control, 40 % of fishmeal was replaced with <em>T. molitor</em>. Based on this diet, inorganic iron, manganese, and zinc were replaced with 40 % or 60 % organic forms. Shrimp fed the diet containing 60 % organic trace elements showed significantly lower final body weight, weight gain rate, and specific growth rate, as well as a higher feed conversion ratio, compared with the 40 % replacement group. Although fishmeal replacement with <em>T. molitor</em> reduced antioxidant capacity, supplementation with organic trace elements significantly increased the activities of superoxide dismutase, catalase, and glutathione peroxidase. The activities of acid phosphatase and alkaline phosphatase and the expression of immune-related genes were significantly enhanced in shrimp fed the diet containing 40 % organic trace elements. In addition, organic trace element supplementation partially improved intestinal microbiota composition by reducing potential pathogenic bacteria. In conclusion, the 40 % replacement of inorganic iron, manganese, and zinc with organic forms was identified as the optimal proportion, as it enhanced antioxidant and immune responses without compromising growth performance in <em>L. vannamei</em>.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":8103,"journal":{"name":"Aquaculture Reports","volume":"46 ","pages":"Article 103361"},"PeriodicalIF":3.7,"publicationDate":"2026-03-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145973048","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Implantation of aromatase inhibitor fadrozole and 17β-estradiol antagonistically affect gonad development in the protandrous barramundi (Lates calcarifer)","authors":"Quyen Q.T. Banh ,&nbsp;Jarrod L. Guppy ,&nbsp;Julian R. Wilson ,&nbsp;Jose A. Domingos ,&nbsp;Dean R. Jerry","doi":"10.1016/j.aqrep.2025.103261","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.aqrep.2025.103261","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Barramundi, <em>Lates calcarifer</em>, are protandrous hermaphrodites, maturing and reproducing first as males before naturally changing sex into females several years later. This male-to-female development provides an excellent model for investigating the genetic mechanism underlying natural sex change in fish, and in aquaculture manipulating this process is key to control reproduction and enhance seedstock production. Exogenous hormones and aromatase inhibitors have been used to obtain control of sex in a range of fish. Fadrozole (FAD) is a non-steroidal inhibitor that reduces biosynthesis of estrogenic hormones, however its use has yet to be tested in barramundi. In this study, 15-month-old male barramundi (2102 ± 126 g) were divided into four treatments and either implanted with i) 17β-estradiol (E2) at 8 mg kg⁻¹, ii) FAD at 8 mg kg⁻¹, iii) 8 mg E2 and 8 mg FAD kg⁻¹ together, or iv) implanted with cholesterol pellets (controls). After nine weeks, gonadal phenotype was examined histologically and the expression of sex-related genes were quantified by qPCR. All fish with E2 only implants had sex-changed into females, with significantly higher <em>cyp19a1a</em> and <em>foxl2</em> expression and lower <em>dmrt1</em>, <em>cyp11b</em> and <em>esr1</em> expression than control fish. All fish treated with FAD only remained male, and expression of male genes (<em>dmrt1</em> and <em>cyp11b</em>) were significantly upregulated, whilst the female-biased gene foxl2 was downregulated. Combined FAD and E2 treatment resulted in 42 % of fish remaining male, 42 % becoming female and 16 % that were transitional, with each individuals gene expression patterns reflecting their gonadal phenotype. These results show FAD can impede the feminizing effects of E2 in some individuals, indicating potential for holding barramundi as male for longer before they sex-change. These findings highlight utility of E2 and FAD as tools for modulating sex change in barramundi and inform strategies for improved reproductive control in aquaculture breeding programs.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":8103,"journal":{"name":"Aquaculture Reports","volume":"46 ","pages":"Article 103261"},"PeriodicalIF":3.7,"publicationDate":"2026-03-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145734224","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Molecular and enzymatic characterization of MMP19 in cuttlefish Sepia pharaonis: Insights into its role in Vibrio-induced skin ulceration","authors":"Haijuan Dai ,&nbsp;Yueping Chen ,&nbsp;Yonghua Hu ,&nbsp;Qingxi Han ,&nbsp;Weiwei Zhang","doi":"10.1016/j.aqrep.2025.103276","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.aqrep.2025.103276","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Matrix metalloproteinases (MMPs) play crucial roles in various biological processes, including wound healing, inflammation, and immune defense, with MMP19 being one of the key members. In this study, one <em>mmp19</em> gene from cuttlefish <em>Sepia pharaonis</em> was cloned. The open reading frame (ORF) of <em>mmp19</em> is 1404 bp in length, encoding a predicted protein of 467 amino acids with a calculated molecular weight of 52.73 kDa. The recombinant MMP19 (rMMP19) was expressed in <em>Escherichia coli</em> BL21(DE3) and purified using Ni-NTA affinity chromatography. The optimal temperature and pH for rMMP19 enzyme activity were approximately 40 °C and pH 9.0, respectively. Moreover, rMMP19 exhibited significant collagenase activity using the collagen of <em>S. pharaonis</em> as substrate. Real-time reverse transcriptase PCR result showed that the mRNA level of MMP19 in the digestive gland of <em>S. pharaonis</em> was significantly upregulated upon stimulation with pathogen <em>Vibrio alginolyticus</em> H1, whereas it was markedly downregulated when exposed to the ColA-deficient mutant strain (Δ<em>colA</em>). Furthermore, molecular docking and enzyme activity assays were combined to screen inhibitors of the collagenase activities of MMP19 and ColA. The results demonstrated that curcumin, palmatine hydrochloride, and riboflavin showed significantly inhibitory effects on the enzyme activities of both MMP19 and ColA. These findings suggest that the pathogen <em>V. alginolyticus</em> could upregulate the expression of host MMP19 that accelerates the onset and progression of skin ulceration syndrome in <em>S. pharaonis</em> by degrading skin collagen.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":8103,"journal":{"name":"Aquaculture Reports","volume":"46 ","pages":"Article 103276"},"PeriodicalIF":3.7,"publicationDate":"2026-03-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145734225","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Anguillid herpesvirus: Current knowledge and future perspectives","authors":"Jun-Qing Ge,&nbsp;Jin-Xian Yang,&nbsp;Qiang Chen","doi":"10.1016/j.aqrep.2025.103275","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.aqrep.2025.103275","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Eels (<em>Anguilla spp.</em>) possess considerable economic value worldwide due to their favorable taste and nutritional benefits. However, the eel aquaculture industry is confronted with substantial challenges from viral diseases. Among these, Anguillid herpesvirus (AngHV) is identified as one of the most harmful and influential viruses, leading to high mortality rates in eel populations, thereby resulting in considerable losses for cultivated eel populations and contributing to the decline of wild eel stocks. The virus was first isolated in the 1980s, and despite extensive research efforts; however, to date, no commercial vaccines or antiviral agents have been developed. This review aims to summarize the advancements in AngHV research, encompassing advances in understanding its etiology, pathogenicity, diagnostic methodologies, preventive measures, control strategies, and prospective research directions. The objective is to deepen understanding of the virus and facilitate the development of effective strategies for the prevention and control management of AngHV infections in eel aquaculture.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":8103,"journal":{"name":"Aquaculture Reports","volume":"46 ","pages":"Article 103275"},"PeriodicalIF":3.7,"publicationDate":"2026-03-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145734280","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Integrated transcriptome and metabolome analysis reveals the effect of kelp on lipid metabolism in the liver of large yellow croaker (Larimichthys crocea)","authors":"Qiu-Meng Xiang ,&nbsp;Hui-Xiong Liu ,&nbsp;Jian-Ping Wang ,&nbsp;Cong-Cong Hou","doi":"10.1016/j.aqrep.2025.103284","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.aqrep.2025.103284","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div><em>Larimichthys crocea</em> is an important maricultured fish in China, yet the quality of its cultured counterparts is often inferior to that of wild fish, primarily due to the hepatic lipid accumulation induced by high-fat aquaculture diets. Given that studies have shown dietary kelp can significantly reduce hepatic lipid deposition in fish, this study explored its potential to ameliorate hepatic lipid accumulation in <em>L. crocea</em> as a quality improvement strategy. Fish were fed a 3 % kelp diet for 8 weeks. Using histology, qPCR, enzyme tests, and integrated transcriptomics/metabolomics, we elucidated the lipid-lowering mechanism of kelp and its impact on liver physiology. The results demonstrated that kelp reduced hepatic lipid content. Moreover, it could upregulate <em>leptin</em>, reduce energy intake, and increase energy expenditure. Concurrently, key lipid anabolism genes (<em>FADS2</em>, <em>FASN</em>, <em>ELOVL6</em>, <em>Acaca</em>, <em>LPIN1</em>) were downregulated, indicating inhibited lipid synthesis. Furthermore, reduced lipid load significantly downregulated lipid-catabolism genes (<em>ACOX1</em>, <em>PPAR</em>α), and this physiological feedback subsequently inhibited lipid degradation effectively. Integrated analyses showed kelp enhanced unsaturated fatty acid (UFA) content. Importantly, kelp supplementation decreased the activity of AST, downregulated ferroptosis-associated genes (<em>acsl1a</em>, <em>acsl5</em>), and upregulated the ferroptosis-inhibiting gene <em>GPX4</em> and stress-resistance genes (<em>HSP70</em>, <em>HSP90</em>), suggesting enhanced hepatic stress resistance. In conclusion, kelp-supplemented feed reduces hepatic lipid content in <em>L. crocea</em> by decreasing energy intake and inhibiting lipid synthesis, while simultaneously increasing UFAs content, achieving both lipid reduction and nutritional enhancement. This study provides an important theoretical basis for the application of kelp-supplemented functional feed in <em>L. crocea</em> aquaculture.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":8103,"journal":{"name":"Aquaculture Reports","volume":"46 ","pages":"Article 103284"},"PeriodicalIF":3.7,"publicationDate":"2026-03-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145787126","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Multi-dimensional evaluation of application effects of cottonseed protein as a feed protein source in Litopenaeus vannamei","authors":"Leyuan Feng ,&nbsp;Yuqi Zhong ,&nbsp;Lili Lei ,&nbsp;Wei Lu ,&nbsp;Guojian Li ,&nbsp;Yanru Huang ,&nbsp;Jichang Jian ,&nbsp;Shuanghu Cai ,&nbsp;Shiping Yang","doi":"10.1016/j.aqrep.2025.103341","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.aqrep.2025.103341","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>An eight-week feeding trial was conducted to evaluate the effects of cottonseed proteins A and B, prepared by different processing methods and substituted for soybean meal at 20 %, 40 %, and 60 %, on the growth performance, immune function, and intestinal health of <em>Litopenaeus vannamei</em>. Cottonseed protein A significantly improved weight gain rate, survival rate, and specific growth rate, and showed higher crude protein digestibility and digestive enzyme activity than protein B (<em>P</em> &lt; 0.05). Cottonseed protein type (factor T) significantly affected weight gain rate, feed conversion ratio, and final body weight (<em>P</em> &lt; 0.05). Both protein types enhanced PO, ALP, and ACP activities in serum and hepatopancreas (<em>P</em> &lt; 0.05) but decreased GPX activity. At low substitution levels, cottonseed protein A significantly upregulated antioxidant-, autophagy-, and immune-related genes (<em>P</em> &lt; 0.05). Histological analysis revealed that protein A caused no notable hepatopancreatic alterations, whereas 60 % substitution with protein B induced hepatocyte vacuolation and intestinal villus shedding. Intestinal microbiota analysis showed that the abundance of <em>Photobacterium</em> increased with substitution level in the protein A groups. In summary, cottonseed protein can partially replace fish meal and soybean meal in shrimp diets, with cottonseed protein A demonstrating superior effects on growth, immunity, and intestinal health. A substitution level not exceeding 40 % is recommended.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":8103,"journal":{"name":"Aquaculture Reports","volume":"46 ","pages":"Article 103341"},"PeriodicalIF":3.7,"publicationDate":"2026-03-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145972734","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}