Aquaculture Reports最新文献

{"title":"Effects of dietary protein level on growth performance, plasma parameters, nutritional metabolism, and mTOR pathway of Chinese perch(Siniperca chuatsi)","authors":"Qiwei Zhang ,&nbsp;Jiao Li ,&nbsp;Liyun Ding ,&nbsp;Yanping Zhang ,&nbsp;Zhouming Qian ,&nbsp;Xu-Fang Liang","doi":"10.1016/j.aqrep.2024.102390","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.aqrep.2024.102390","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>This study aimed to investigate the impact of dietary protein levels (DPLs) on the growth performance, plasma parameters, nutritional metabolism, and the mTOR pathway in Chinese perch. Three replicates of Chinese perch (34.39 ± 0.16 g) were provided with five diets containing varying protein levels (39.99 %, 43.09 %, 46.04 %, 49.14 %, and 52.12 %) over an 8-week period. The results revealed that, as DPLs increased, the final weight (FW), daily weight gain (DWG)), specific growth rate (SGR) and protein efficiency ratio (PER) initially rose and then declined, reaching their peak at 49.14 % DPL group. The feed conversion ratio (FCR) decreased first and then increased. In addition, compared to 46.04 % DPL group, the 39.99 % DPL group significantly suppressed whole body crude protein, liver crude protein, and liver crude lipid contents. The 52.12 % DPL group significantly increased liver crude lipid content and aspartate aminotransferase (AST) activity, and increased plasma total cholesterol (TC), total triglyceride (TG) and total lipase (TL) concentrations. However, in Chinese perch fed with 46.04 % DPL, the expression of genes associated with liver amino acid catabolism (<em>ast</em>, <em>gdh</em> and <em>ampd</em>), lipid hydrolysis, and oxidation (<em>hsl</em>, <em>lpl</em> and <em>cs</em>), as well as glycolysis (<em>pk</em>), was significantly increased. And the expression levels of mTOR pathway-related genes (<em>s6k</em> and <em>mtor</em>) and the phosphorylation level of p-S6 were significantly elevated in the liver of fish fed with 46.04 % DPL. In summary, a low DPL (39.99 %) significantly impedes the growth performance of Chinese perch, resulting in an elevated feed conversion ratio. And a high DPL (52.12 %) can induce lipid deposition in the liver of Chinese perch, increase metabolic stress, and lead to liver damage. Additionally, piecewise regression analysis and second-degree polynomial analysis revealed that optimal protein level in Chinese perch feed is suggested to range between 46.10 % and 48.71 %. This study provides partial theoretical basis for the design of commercial practical feed formulas for Chinese perch.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":8103,"journal":{"name":"Aquaculture Reports","volume":"39 ","pages":"Article 102390"},"PeriodicalIF":3.2,"publicationDate":"2024-10-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142428100","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Identification, tissue expression, and response to various fatty acid inductions of the fabp gene family in grass carp (Ctenopharyngodon idella)","authors":"Yuru Zhang ,&nbsp;Haiying Fan ,&nbsp;Kedi Gao ,&nbsp;Shibo Zhang ,&nbsp;Ronghua Lu ,&nbsp;Xianglin Cao ,&nbsp;Xinxin Xu ,&nbsp;Jiancheng Liu","doi":"10.1016/j.aqrep.2024.102386","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.aqrep.2024.102386","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The grass carp (<em>Ctenopharyngodon idella</em>) holds significant economic value worldwide. However, intensive farming practices often result in lipid metabolic disorder of fish. It is essential to explore the influence of pivotal genes in the process of fat accumulation, particularly from the perspective of fat transport. Fatty acid binding proteins (FABPs) are crucial for selectively binding and transporting free fatty acids (FAs) within cells. Nevertheless, the types of <em>fabp</em> genes in the grass carp genome and their responses to various FAs remain unclear. In the current study, exhaustive bioinformatic analysis identified nine <em>fabp</em> genes in the grass carp genome: <em>fabp1a, fabp1b.1, fabp2, fabp3, fabp6, fabp7a, fabp10a, fabp11a,</em> and <em>fabp11b</em>. Although these genes showed widespread expression across various tissues, each gene displayed distinct preferences for specific primary expression tissues. Notably, <em>fabp1a</em> exhibited prominent expression in muscle, <em>fabp1b.1</em> in abdominal fat, <em>fabp2</em> and <em>fabp6</em> in the intestine, <em>fabp7a</em> in the brain, <em>fabp10a</em> in the hepatopancreas, and <em>fabp11a</em> showed maximal expression in the eye. Findings from primary grass carp hepatocytes revealed that the addition of palmitic acid (PA), high concentrations oleic acid (OA) and docosahexaenoic acid (DHA) (400 µM), significantly increased intracellular lipid accumulation. Intriguingly, the addition of PA resulted in increased expression of <em>fabp2</em> and <em>fabp11a</em>, while DHA significantly enhanced the expression of <em>fabp7a</em> (<em>P</em> &lt; 0.01). Given that the accumulated FAs are primarily saturated fatty acids, these results suggest that regulating <em>fabps</em>, especially <em>fabp2</em> and <em>fabp11a,</em> could be a strategy to control fat deposition in grass carp.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":8103,"journal":{"name":"Aquaculture Reports","volume":"39 ","pages":"Article 102386"},"PeriodicalIF":3.2,"publicationDate":"2024-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142428644","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Effect of eyestalk ablation and water temperature on the gonadal transcriptome of greasyback shrimp (Metapenaeus ensis)","authors":"Xinhe Ruan ,&nbsp;Huitao Cheng ,&nbsp;Jinhong Shan ,&nbsp;Lihua Li ,&nbsp;Zijie Xuan ,&nbsp;Kaishan Liang ,&nbsp;Xianze Jia ,&nbsp;Jie Yu ,&nbsp;Zongyang Li ,&nbsp;Liyuan Luo ,&nbsp;Xiaoling Zuo ,&nbsp;Kun Wu ,&nbsp;Qing Wang ,&nbsp;Xiaobo Wen ,&nbsp;Huihong Zhao","doi":"10.1016/j.aqrep.2024.102374","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.aqrep.2024.102374","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div><em>Metapenaeus ensis</em> (De Haan 1850), a commercially viable species in China, has yet to be studied in depth, particularly with regard to gonadal development. Understanding the dynamics of gonadal development is crucial for the successful culture of this shrimp. To this end, we conducted a comparative analysis of the gonadal transcriptomes of <em>M. ensis</em> using Illumina RNA-seq technology. Our study aimed to identify gonad-related genes by comparing gonadal transcriptomes after two key methods of stimulating gonadal development in females and males: eyestalk ablation and temperature stress. A total of 54,425 unigenes were obtained after assembly and annotated in the database, yielding 25,715 unigenes. Differentially expressed gene (DEG) analysis was performed on male and female gonads post-eyestalk ablation gonads and post-temperature stress and compared to controls. The DEGs showed functional enrichment in KEGG pathways related to DNA replication, starch and sucrose metabolism, and mitochondrial autophagy. A total of 17 DEGs known to be associated with gonadal development were searched in the transcriptome of <em>M. ensis</em>. Female-specific DEGs, including <em>VG</em>, <em>VGR</em>, <em>AK</em>, <em>PGFS</em>, <em>CYP49A1</em>, <em>SRM</em>, and <em>PGES2</em>, and male-biased DEGs, including <em>IGF1R</em>, <em>SPATA20</em>, <em>DMRT1</em>, <em>INSR</em>, <em>SPATA2</em>, <em>SPATA13</em>, <em>GNRHR</em>, <em>MPRS-γ</em>, <em>SMOX</em>, and <em>FOXJ2–3</em>, were identified. This study also demonstrated the capacity to regulate the expression of <em>CHH</em> and <em>SPATA13</em> following eyestalk ablation, as well as the capacity to regulate the expression of <em>HSP70</em> and <em>MIH</em> following temperature stress, subsequently impacting gonadal development. These results highlight the genes involved in gonadal development, which will enhance our understanding in further studies on the reproduction and breeding of <em>M. ensis</em> and other marine crustacea.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":8103,"journal":{"name":"Aquaculture Reports","volume":"39 ","pages":"Article 102374"},"PeriodicalIF":3.2,"publicationDate":"2024-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142428643","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Influence of dietary Bacillus amyloliquefaciens AV5 on growth, immune responses, and resistance to Streptococcus agalactiae in Nile tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus)","authors":"Vicent Michael Shija ,&nbsp;Kwaku Amoah ,&nbsp;Yi Li ,&nbsp;Zhong Yong ,&nbsp;Zhengsi Chen ,&nbsp;Jia Cai","doi":"10.1016/j.aqrep.2024.102391","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.aqrep.2024.102391","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>This study assessed the effect of <em>Bacillus amyloliquefaciens</em> AV5 on the diet of Nile tilapia, focusing on growth, immune responses, and resistance to <em>Streptococcus agalactiae</em> infection. Fingerlings of <em>Oreochromis niloticus</em> were split into three groups and fed diets with different concentrations of <em>B. amyloliquefaciens</em> AV5 for 30 days as follows: no AV5, G1:106 CFU/g, G2:108 CFU/g. Upon completion of the feeding trial, G2 exhibited improved growth performance, including Wf, WGR, and SGR, along with a significantly lower (<em>p</em>&lt; 0.05) feed conversion ratio (FCR) than the other groups. Enhanced immune and biochemical parameters (<em>p</em> &lt; 0.05), including lysozyme (LZM), immunoglobulin M (IgM), alkaline phosphatase (AKP), and acid phosphatase (ACP), as well as antioxidant enzymes (superoxide dismutase (SOD) and catalase (CAT)) and digestive enzymes (trypsin (TYS), lipase (LPS), and protease (PTS)), were observed in group G2 compared to the GC group. No Significant differences in amylase (AML), cellulase (CLS), and xylanase (XYN) levels were observed among the GC, G1, and G2 groups. A substantial decrease (p&lt; 0.05) in GOT, GPT, and MDA activity was observed in G2 compared to that in the GC group. No substantial differences in glucose (GL) levels were observed among the GC, G1, and G2 groups. A substantial increase (p&lt; 0.05) in total protein (TP) was observed in G2 relative to the GC and G1 groups. Significant increases (<em>p</em>&lt; 0.05) were observed in the liver and kidneys of growth- and immunity-related genes in the G2 group, including C-LYZ, GHR-1, TNF-α, IL-1β, and IGF-1. After intraperitoneal injection of <em>S. agalactiae</em> into both control and test fish, the cumulative mortalities in the GC, G1, and G2 groups were 78 %, 51 %, and 14 %, respectively. The findings indicate that administering <em>B. amyloliquefaciens</em> AV5 at a concentration of 1×10⁸cfu/g could potentially yield beneficial outcomes as a probiotic in aquaculture.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":8103,"journal":{"name":"Aquaculture Reports","volume":"39 ","pages":"Article 102391"},"PeriodicalIF":3.2,"publicationDate":"2024-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142428099","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Effects of dietary sulfated polysaccharides extracted from brown macroalgae Sargassum ilicifolium on growth indices, antioxidant status, and immune genes expression in white shrimp (Litopenaeus vannamei)","authors":"Maryam Pourazad ,&nbsp;Dara Bagheri ,&nbsp;Ebrahim Sotoudeh ,&nbsp;Ahmad Ghasemi","doi":"10.1016/j.aqrep.2024.102387","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.aqrep.2024.102387","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>This feeding trial aimed to evaluate the impacts of dietary sulfated polysaccharides extracted from brown macroalgae <em>Sargassum ilicifolium</em> on growth, antioxidant status, and immune genes expression in white shrimp, <em>Litopenaeus vannamei</em>. A total of 225 shrimp (3.91 ± 0.02 g) were stocked into fifteen 300-L fiberglass tanks (15 shrimp/tank) and divided into five groups fed diets supplemented with 0 (control), 0.5 (SIP0.5), 1 (SIP1), 2 (SIP2), and 4 (SIP4) g/kg diet of <em>S. ilicifolium</em>-extracted sulfated polysaccharides (SIP). After 8 weeks, growth and feed utilization indices and muscle composition in white shrimp were not significantly different (P &gt; 0.05). All shrimps exhibited a high survival (above 80 %). While catalase and glutathione S-transferase (GST) activities in the hepatopancreas of shrimp were not significantly different among treatments, hepatopancreas glutathione (GSH) content of shrimp fed diet supplemented with 4 g SIP/kg diet (SIP4) was significantly higher, then SIP2 treatment, and lower in other shrimps (P &lt; 0.05). Also, incorporating 4 g SIP/kg diet resulted in a significant lower malondialdehyde (MDA) content in the hepatopancreas of shrimp than the control (P &lt; 0.05). Prophenoloxidase relative expression was highest in the hepatopancreas of shrimp fed diet supplemented with 2 g/kg of <em>S. ilicifolium</em>-extracted sulfated polysaccharides (SIP2), followed by 0.5 and 1 g/kg SIP fed treatments, then 4 g/kg SIP fed group and lowest in the control (P &lt; 0.05). The higher relative expressions of SOD and penaeidin-3a genes in the hepatopancreas were also seen in the SIP fed shrimps. Moreover, a significant increase in hepatopancreas lysozyme expression was recorded with increasing SIP administration levels. Thus, sulfated polysaccharides extracted from <em>S. ilicifolium</em> at levels of 2–4 g/kg diet have antioxidant and immunostimulatory effects in white shrimp and can be safely used as an immunostimulant for juvenile <em>L. vannamei</em> without impairing growth performance and biochemical muscle composition.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":8103,"journal":{"name":"Aquaculture Reports","volume":"39 ","pages":"Article 102387"},"PeriodicalIF":3.2,"publicationDate":"2024-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142428642","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Effects of moringa (Moringa oleifera) leaf powder supplementation on growth performance, haematobiochemical parameters and gene expression profile of stinging catfish, Heteropneustes fossilis","authors":"Md. Rajib Sharker ,&nbsp;Khandakar Rakibul Hasan ,&nbsp;Md. Ariful Alam ,&nbsp;Md Nazmul Haque ,&nbsp;Sang Duk Choi ,&nbsp;Md Fakhrul Islam ,&nbsp;Md. Moklasur Rahman ,&nbsp;Md. Mohidul Islam ,&nbsp;Syed Ariful Haque","doi":"10.1016/j.aqrep.2024.102388","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.aqrep.2024.102388","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div><em>Moringa oleifera</em> is a popular edible protein source due to its high concentration of micronutrients, macronutrients, and antioxidants. The present study investigated the effects of <em>M. oleifera</em> leaf at various levels on the growth performance, haematobiochemical response, and SOD2 and HSP70 gene expression of <em>Heteropneustes fossilis</em> for 90 days. The fish were randomly distributed into 12 glass aquaria (66×36×36 cm) at 50 fish/aquarium in triplicate treatments Four dietary groups were used to feed the <em>H. fossilis</em>, each group containing graded levels of <em>M. oleifera</em> leaf meal (0, 10 %, 20 %, and 40 %) with a basal diet. It was observed that <em>H. fossilis</em> fed a diet supplemented with 10 % MOLM produced the highest final weight, specific growth rate, condition factor, and survivability. Hemoglobin and red blood cell levels were significantly higher in the fish treatment fed with a 10 % M. oleifera diet compared to the other treatments. Significantly lower levels of ALT and AST were detected in the fish that were fed a diet containing 10 % MOLM. Frequencies of ECA and ENA were significantly higher at 40 % <em>M. oleifera</em> inclusion. The relative mRNA expression profile of SOD2 and HSP70 gene were significantly higher at 10 % MOLM supplementation diet in comparison to the control group. The results of the PCA showed that adding 10 % MOLM supplementation had a beneficial effect on the nutritional and haematobiochemical parameters. Overall, it can be stated that 10 % MOLM treated with basal diet as a supplement on stinging catfish have positive impact on growth performance, haematobiochemical response, and immune gene expression.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":8103,"journal":{"name":"Aquaculture Reports","volume":"39 ","pages":"Article 102388"},"PeriodicalIF":3.2,"publicationDate":"2024-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142428797","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Effects of substitution of lard oil and soybean oil with Rhodotorula toruloides biomass on growth, muscle fatty acids, digestive enzyme activities, lipid metabolism, liver and intestinal health, and gut microbiota of zebrafish (Danio rerio)","authors":"Dongdong Du ,&nbsp;Xingyu Chen ,&nbsp;Tsegay Teame ,&nbsp;Shubin Liu ,&nbsp;Qianwen Ding ,&nbsp;Yuanyuan Yao ,&nbsp;Qiang Hao ,&nbsp;Chao Ran ,&nbsp;Yalin Yang ,&nbsp;Zhen Zhang ,&nbsp;Zhigang Zhou","doi":"10.1016/j.aqrep.2024.102385","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.aqrep.2024.102385","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Microbial oil, as an alternative to fish oil, animal and vegetable oils in aquafeeds, have a great potential to fulfil the high demand for lipid sources in the fast-growing aquaculture. However, their use as a feed ingredient in aquaculture is not common. For that, <em>Rhodotorula toruloides</em> (51.90 % lipid) was used to replace 0.00 % (control), 9.38 % (RT3), 18.75 % (RT6), 37.50 % (RT9), and 56.25 % (RT18) of the lard and soybean oils commonly used in aquaculture in the diet of zebrafish. After 6 weeks of feeding, compared with the control group, (1) the FBW and WGR were significantly increased (<em>p</em>&lt;0.05) in RT9 group, (2) the content of C18:1 and C18:3 fatty acids were increased, while that of C18:0, C18:2, and C20:4 were decreased in the muscle of zebrafish, indicating that the fatty acid content of the feed affect the muscle content of fatty acids, (3) the intestinal lipase activity was markedly elevated in RT9 group (<em>p</em>&lt;0.05), (4) in RT9 and RT18 groups the content of AST was significantly reduced (<em>p</em>&lt;0.05), (5) the content of TAG in the liver was significantly reduced in RT6, RT9 and RT18 groups (<em>p</em>&lt;0.05), probably due to the down-regulation of the lipid synthesis-related gene <em>dgat2</em> and up-regulation of the lipolysis-related gene <em>ucp2</em>, (6) the expression of <em>il-8</em> in the intestine was notably downregulated in RT9 and RT18 groups (<em>p</em>&lt;0.05), whereas the expression of inhibitory gene <em>il-10</em> was significantly upregulated in RT9 group (<em>p</em>&lt;0.05), (7) feeding with <em>R. toruloides</em> reduced the relative abundance of Proteobacteria and <em>Vibrio spp</em>, while increasing the abundance of Firmicutes. In sum, the replacement of <em>R. toruloides</em> at a level of 37.50 % can improve the growth, digestive enzyme activity, liver health and gut microbiota profile of zebrafish fed with high-fat diet and can be used to replace the oil sources from other unsustainable ingredients in aquafeed.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":8103,"journal":{"name":"Aquaculture Reports","volume":"39 ","pages":"Article 102385"},"PeriodicalIF":3.2,"publicationDate":"2024-09-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142356873","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Characterization of two potential probiotic strains of Levilactobacillus brevis isolated from carp (Cyprinus carpio L.) with strong immunostimulatory activity on pikeperch (Sander lucioperca L.) head kidney cells","authors":"Joanna Małaczewska ,&nbsp;Barbara Kazuń ,&nbsp;Joanna Żylińska-Urban ,&nbsp;Krzysztof Kazuń ,&nbsp;Maciej Rożyński ,&nbsp;Zdzisław Zakęś","doi":"10.1016/j.aqrep.2024.102384","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.aqrep.2024.102384","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Aquaculture is inextricably linked to fish health problems, and the use of probiotic lactic acid bacteria (LAB) makes it possible to reduce losses caused mainly by bacterial pathogens. The aim of the present study was to isolate, characterize and select potential probiotic strains of lactic acid bacteria from the gut of common carp. We focused on obtaining strains that grow well under aerobic conditions to facilitate their future application through feed. After excluding strains with unwanted characteristics <em>in vitro</em>, two isolates of <em>Levilactobacillus brevis</em> were selected for this study. Despite belonging to the same species, the strains were biochemically different. However, both isolates met the <em>in vitro</em> selection criteria for potential probiotics. The tested <em>L. brevis</em> strains showed antagonistic activity against pathogenic bacteria isolated from carp and rainbow trout (<em>Aeromonas hydrophila</em>, <em>Aeromonas salmonicida</em>, <em>Pseudomonas fluorescens</em>, and <em>Acinetobacter junii</em>) and demonstrated co-aggregation ability with pathogens. Both strains tolerated stress well under simulated gastrointestinal tract conditions (i.e., showed acid and bile tolerance) and exhibited auto-aggregation capacity. The tested isolates were nonhemolytic, gelatinase negative and susceptible to most of the antibiotics tested. The cell-free supernatants of both <em>L</em>. <em>brevis</em> isolates exhibited strong immunostimulatory effects on pikeperch head kidney immune cells and immunomodulatory effects on carp immune cells. The results of <em>in vitro</em> tests encourage further research into the probiotic potential of these strains under <em>in vivo</em> conditions.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":8103,"journal":{"name":"Aquaculture Reports","volume":"39 ","pages":"Article 102384"},"PeriodicalIF":3.2,"publicationDate":"2024-09-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142356871","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"NQO1 from Litopenaeus vannamei involved in the regulation of antioxidant capacity, inflammation, and apoptosis","authors":"Shiping Yang,&nbsp;Yunhao Yuan,&nbsp;Cheng Chen,&nbsp;Junliang Luo,&nbsp;Guojian Li,&nbsp;Jichang Jian,&nbsp;Shuanghu Cai,&nbsp;Huiling Liu","doi":"10.1016/j.aqrep.2024.102380","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.aqrep.2024.102380","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>NAD(P)H:quinone oxidoreductase 1 (<em>NQO1</em>) is a versatile FAD-dependent flavoprotein and a key regulator in the <em>Nrf2</em>/ARE signaling pathway. In this study, we cloned the <em>NQO1</em> gene of <em>Litopenaeus vannamei</em> (<em>LvNQO1</em>) and investigated its role in immune regulation. The results showed that the <em>LvNQO1</em> gene has an ORF of 987 bp, encoding 328 amino acids. The protein contains an NQO family domain. Homology and phylogenetic analysis revealed that <em>LvNQO1</em> shares similarities with the <em>NQO1</em> of <em>Marsupenaeus japonicus</em>, clustering into the same clade. <em>LvNQO1</em> was expressed in 10 tissues of <em>L. vannamei</em>, with the highest expression in the hepatopancreas and the lowest in the intestine. After RNA interference (RNAi) of <em>LvNQO1</em>, the expression of antioxidant genes (<em>SOD</em> and <em>GST</em>) initially increased but then decreased after 24 h. The expression levels of <em>Gpx</em> and <em>CAT</em> decreased early on but gradually recovered. Immune-related factors (<em>Toll4</em>, <em>JNK</em>, and <em>Hsp90</em>) and apoptosis-related factors (<em>Caspase3</em>, <em>P53</em>, and <em>bcl2</em>) were upregulated. Following RNAi of <em>LvNQO1</em>, <em>Vibrio harveyi</em> challenge significantly increased the expression of immune factors (<em>JNK</em> and <em>HIF1α</em>) and apoptosis factors (<em>Caspase3</em>, <em>P53</em>, and <em>bcl2</em>) in the hepatopancreas. <em>Toll 4</em> receptors recognized the infection, upregulated their expression, and activated an immune response. RNAi of <em>LvNQO1</em> led to noticeable histological lesions and apoptosis. These findings suggest that <em>LvNQO1</em> may play a role in regulating antioxidant capacity, inflammation, and apoptosis in response to <em>Vibrio</em> infection.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":8103,"journal":{"name":"Aquaculture Reports","volume":"39 ","pages":"Article 102380"},"PeriodicalIF":3.2,"publicationDate":"2024-09-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142356872","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A study on the hepatic response to heat stress in Gymnocypris eckloni through an approach combining metabolomic and transcriptomic profiling","authors":"Chaowei Zhou ,&nbsp;Yuting Duan ,&nbsp;Junting Li ,&nbsp;Suxing Fu ,&nbsp;Shuhao Bai ,&nbsp;Yutong Zhuang ,&nbsp;Shidong Liu ,&nbsp;Hejiao Li ,&nbsp;Yinhua Zhou ,&nbsp;Qiming Wang ,&nbsp;Jian Shen ,&nbsp;Rongzhu Zhou ,&nbsp;Luo Lei ,&nbsp;Haiping Liu","doi":"10.1016/j.aqrep.2024.102392","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.aqrep.2024.102392","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div><em>Gymnocypris eckloni</em>, an economically important cold-water fish widely cultivated in southwest China, is at increased risk of prolonged exposure to heat stress owing to persistent high temperatures in summer, extreme climate changes, and expansion of factory farming. In this study, <em>G. eckloni</em> was subjected to both chronic and acute heat stress, with subsequent analysis focusing on changes in the pathological and physiological characteristics and transcriptomic and metabolic responses of the liver to high temperature. The results revealed heat stress-induced damage to liver tissues, lipid accumulation and mitochondrial abnormalities in hepatocytes, and an increased number of apoptotic cells, with the damage being more severe under acute heat stress conditions. Assessment of biochemical indices showed that the antioxidant enzyme catalase (CAT) was activated in response to oxidative stress and energy demands increased following heat stress. Transcriptomic analysis showed significant enrichment in the protein processing in the endoplasmic reticulum pathway, along with upregulation of key genes associated with protein degradation (<em>hsp40</em>, <em>hsp70</em>, <em>hsp90</em>, <em>ero1l</em>, and <em>pdia4</em>) and activation of the unfolded protein response (UPR), which effectively reduces or clears the accumulation of misfolded proteins to combat stress. Most identified differential metabolites were associated with amino acid and lipid metabolism under heat stress. Notably, integrated transcriptomic and metabolomic analysis suggested that tryptophan metabolism played an important role in the adaptation of <em>G. eckloni</em> to chronic heat stress. These findings improve the understanding of the mechanisms through which <em>G. eckloni</em> adapts to high temperatures, providing a valuable foundation and novel avenues for developing strategies to alleviate the effects of heat stress and improve the outcomes of aquaculture.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":8103,"journal":{"name":"Aquaculture Reports","volume":"39 ","pages":"Article 102392"},"PeriodicalIF":3.2,"publicationDate":"2024-09-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142356870","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}