Aquaculture Reports最新文献

{"title":"Dietary geniposide supplementation alleviates hepatic lipid deposition and oxidative stress induced by high-fat diet in juvenile tiger puffer, Takifugu rubripes","authors":"Haoran Sun ,&nbsp;Yonghui Wang ,&nbsp;Yinghui Liu ,&nbsp;Yi Liu ,&nbsp;Junjie Zhang","doi":"10.1016/j.aqrep.2025.102711","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.aqrep.2025.102711","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>High-fat diet has a negative impact on fish health, making it crucial to implement measures to mitigate these effects. This study aimed to assess the effects of geniposide administration in a high-fat diet (HFD) on the growth performance, serum biochemical parameters, hepatic histological characteristics, and lipid metabolism of juvenile tiger puffer (<em>Takifugu rubripes</em>). A total of 270 fish (initial body weight: 3.69 ± 0.07 g) were randomly divided into three groups with triplicate tanks. They were hand-fed to apparent satiety for 8 weeks with control diet (10 % crude lipid, CON), high-fat diet (15 % crude lipid, HFD), and HFD with 400-mg/kg geniposide (HFDG), respectively. The results showed that no significant differences in growth performance were observed among the three groups (<em>P</em> &gt; 0.05). However, the crude lipid contents of whole body and liver, serum levels of triglycerides (TG), alanine transaminase (ALT) and aspartate transaminase (AST), hepatic malonaldehyde (MDA) content and total superoxide dismutase (T-SOD) were significantly higher in HFD group than that in CON group (<em>P</em> &lt; 0.05). Compared with HFD group, the HFDG group had notably lower hepatic crude lipid content, serum and hepatic TG and total cholesterol levels, serum AST levels, and hepatic T-SOD activity (<em>P</em> &lt; 0.05). H&amp;E staining revealed hepatocyte enlargement and cytoplasmic vacuolization in the HFD group, while HFD supplemented with geniposide ameliorated these conditions. Transcriptomic sequencing of fish liver tissues revealed 350 differentially expressed genes between the HFD and HFDG groups. KEGG analysis showed that these genes were enriched in lipid metabolism-related pathways, including glycerolipid metabolism, fatty acid degradation, and steroid hormone biosynthesis. Compared with HFD group, the HFDG group showed significant downregulation of genes involved in lipogenesis (<em>dgat1</em>, <em>acc</em>, <em>fasn</em>, <em>chrebp</em>, <em>lxrα,</em> and <em>fabp-1</em>) and upregulation of genes involved in lipolysis (<em>agtl</em>, <em>lpl</em>, and <em>pparα</em>) (<em>P</em> &lt; 0.05). In conclusion, 400 mg/kg geniposide supplementation in HFD alleviated the HFD-induced hepatic lipid deposition and oxidative stress in <em>T. rubripes</em> by inhibiting lipogenesis and promoting lipolysis.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":8103,"journal":{"name":"Aquaculture Reports","volume":"41 ","pages":"Article 102711"},"PeriodicalIF":3.2,"publicationDate":"2025-02-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143512291","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Interaction between dietary L-carnitine and lipid levels on growth, lipid metabolism, and antioxidant capacity in juvenile golden pompano (Trachinotus ovatus)","authors":"Yuanming Yi ,&nbsp;Haoyong Ma ,&nbsp;Beiping Tan ,&nbsp;Hongjie Wei ,&nbsp;Jiahua Wu ,&nbsp;Minling Mao ,&nbsp;Jianwei Wu ,&nbsp;Shuyan Chi ,&nbsp;Hongyu Liu ,&nbsp;Qihui Yang","doi":"10.1016/j.aqrep.2025.102714","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.aqrep.2025.102714","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>To evaluate the interaction between dietary L-carnitine (LC) and lipid levels on the lipid metabolism, antioxidant capacity and growth of juvenile golden pompano (<em>Trachinotus ovatus</em>), an 8-week trial was conducted. Six experimental diets were formulated by adding 0.02 % and 0.04 % LC to feeds with lipid levels of 9 %, 12 %, and 15 %, resulting in the following groups: C2L9, C4L9, C2L12, C4L12, C2L15, and C4L15. The results showed the weight gain rate and specific growth rate were significantly higher in the C4L15 group (<em>P</em> &lt; 0.05), whereas the feed conversion ratio was significantly lower in the C2L12 group. Serum total cholesterol, alanine aminotransferase, and aspartate aminotransferase activities were higher in the L12 and L15 groups compared to the L9 group. The expression of <em>cpt1</em> and <em>atgl</em> mRNA in the C4L12 group was significantly upregulated, whereas the expression of <em>acc</em> mRNA was significantly downregulated. The levels of lipid and LC significantly influenced malondialdehyde content and superoxide dismutase activity in the liver. At the same LC level, amylase and lipase activities tended to increase with higher lipid levels. Likewise, intestinal protease activity increased with increasing LC levels at the same lipid level. At the same LC level, foregut fold height significantly increased with higher lipid levels. Additionally, intestinal wall thickness was greatest in the C2L12 group. Higher lipid levels decreased gut flora diversity and abundance, promoting the growth of the pathogenic bacterium <em>Photobacterium</em>. Conversely, elevated LC levels positively impacted the abundance of the beneficial bacterium <em>Mycoplasma</em> and effectively reduced the abundance of the pathogenic bacterium <em>Vibrio</em>. Therefore, adding carnitine to high-lipid diets can help reduce lipid peroxidation in the liver of <em>T. ovatus</em>, improve lipid and carbohydrate utilization, promote intestinal development, and enhance the growth of beneficial gut bacteria.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":8103,"journal":{"name":"Aquaculture Reports","volume":"41 ","pages":"Article 102714"},"PeriodicalIF":3.2,"publicationDate":"2025-02-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143509298","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"High-throughput based detection of eukaryotic pathogens for sea cucumber in Dalian costal area","authors":"Xiaotong Zhu ,&nbsp;Jinjin Wang ,&nbsp;Xiaojun Rong ,&nbsp;Meijie Liao ,&nbsp;Jianlong Ge ,&nbsp;Yingeng Wang ,&nbsp;Lisha Guan ,&nbsp;Bin Li ,&nbsp;Qi Liu ,&nbsp;Xintao Zhao","doi":"10.1016/j.aqrep.2025.102715","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.aqrep.2025.102715","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Sea cucumbers inhabit benthic environments and primarily feed on seabed sediments. Analyzing the community composition of eukaryotic species in their culture environment provides a scientific basis for assessing culture-related risks. In this study, we employed high-throughput sequencing (HTS) techniques to investigate potential pathogens associated with fungal and parasitic diseases affecting sea cucumbers in the Dalian coastal area. Concurrently, various environmental factors were measured seasonally to evaluate their potential impacts on the relative abundance of the identified pathogens. The results indicated that two fungal phyla, Ascomycota and Basidiomycota, associated with sea cucumber body vesicular syndrome (BVS), were present in considerable abundance in both the water and sediment of the national farm. Additionally, Acoela, known parasitic turbellarians of sea cucumbers, were also detected in significant numbers in the sediment, particularly during the summer months. The results of principal coordinate analysis (PCoA) revealed that the structure of eukaryotic communities in both water and sediment exhibited significant seasonal variation. Furthermore, temperature and total organic carbon (TOC) were found to have significant positive effects on the seasonal relative abundance of Acoela in the sediment. Conversely, pH appeared to negatively influence the relative abundance of the identified fungal phyla, while the eutrophication index (E) exhibited a positive effect. These findings demonstrate the feasibility of utilizing HTS techniques for detecting pathogenic eukaryotes in sea cucumber farms. We recommend incorporating high-throughput-based pathogenic monitoring into management strategies at sea cucumber farms to mitigate losses resulting from infectious disease outbreaks. For future research, it is essential to develop more efficient primers or primer mixes for detecting additional pathogenic threats and to enhance disease control measures in sea cucumber farms, particularly those focused on broodstock production.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":8103,"journal":{"name":"Aquaculture Reports","volume":"41 ","pages":"Article 102715"},"PeriodicalIF":3.2,"publicationDate":"2025-02-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143512292","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Krill supplement does not reduce virus load or heart pathology during PRV-3 infection in rainbow trout under experimental conditions","authors":"Juliane Sørensen ,&nbsp;Tine Moesgaard Iburg ,&nbsp;Giulia Zarantonello ,&nbsp;Torunn Forberg ,&nbsp;Argelia Cuenca ,&nbsp;Niccoló Vendramin","doi":"10.1016/j.aqrep.2025.102681","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.aqrep.2025.102681","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Piscine orthoreoviruses pose a significant challenge to salmonid aquaculture, as there are currently no preventive measures, like vaccines, available. <em>Piscine orthoreovirus</em> genotype 3 (PRV-3), now renamed <em>Orthoreovirus piscis</em>, has been linked to disease in rainbow trout (<em>Oncorhynchus mykiss</em>) farmed in recirculating aquaculture systems (RAS), and has a high prevalence in Danish RAS. Previous studies have demonstrated that functional feeds can reduce the heart inflammation caused by PRV-1 in Atlantic salmon (<em>Salmo salar</em>). This study aims to determine whether functional feeds have a similar effect on rainbow trout infected with PRV-3. Specifically, we investigated the impact of a krill meal enriched diet on heart inflammation, anemia, and viral RNA load in rainbow trout exposed to PRV-3. The fish were pre-fed with either a control diet or enriched diet for six weeks prior to challenge with PRV-3. The results showed no significant differences in viral RNA load, hematocrit levels or heart pathology between the diets. However, PRV-3 exposed fish fed with the enriched diet exhibited significantly higher weight gain compared to those on the control diet. These findings suggest that while krill meal enhances growth performance, it does not reduce PRV-3-induced heart pathology in rainbow trout. Further research is needed to explore the underlying mechanisms and potential benefits of dietary interventions in managing PRV-3 infections.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":8103,"journal":{"name":"Aquaculture Reports","volume":"41 ","pages":"Article 102681"},"PeriodicalIF":3.2,"publicationDate":"2025-02-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143474326","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Recuperative effects of herbal feed supplement on Hypohthalmichthys molitrix: Improvement in physiology and histopathology against waterborne-induced heavy metals toxicity","authors":"Sawera Maqaddas ,&nbsp;Syed Makhdoom Hussain ,&nbsp;Shafaqat Ali ,&nbsp;Ameer Fawad Zahoor ,&nbsp;Ebru Yilmaz ,&nbsp;Pallab K. Sarker ,&nbsp;Mohammad Abul Farah ,&nbsp;Eman Naeem","doi":"10.1016/j.aqrep.2025.102705","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.aqrep.2025.102705","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Heavy metal (HM) contamination poses a substantial risk to both aquatic ecosystems and the environment. Therefore, this investigation explored the potential recuperative effects of dietary turmeric (TU) and ginger (GN) on silver carp (<em>Hypohthalmichthys molitrix</em>) fingerlings. These fingerlings were exposed to mixtures of HMs, specifically Pb (1.71 mg/L), Cd (2.47 mg/L), Cr (0.1 mg/L), and Zn (0.4 mg/L), and evaluated for growth, hematology, carcass composition, hepatic antioxidant indices, and histopathological profile. A total of 210 fish (7.16 ± 0.01 g/fish) were randomly divided into seven groups, each in triplicate. Fingerlings were allocated to negative control (without HM), positive control (with HM), and five treatment groups (T¹-T⁵). The treatment groups fed diets supplemented with 1 % TU, 1 % GN, 1 % TU+HM, 1 % GN+HM and combination of 1 % TU and GN + HM, respectively. Waterborne HM mixture negatively affected the growth performance, carcass, blood indices, antioxidant enzymes and histopathology. In contrast, fish groups fed with alone TU and GN supplementation resulted in increased growth, hematological indices, crude protein levels, and antioxidant enzyme activity of <em>H. molitrix</em>. In addition, GN, TU, and their combination supplementation with HM recuperated the above-mentioned parameters. Moreover, degeneration of hepatocytes, necrosis, and central vein damage were observed in HM-exposed fish and improved in the T3, T4, and T5 groups. The research findings demonstrated that feeding canola meal supplemented with 1 % GN, TU, or their combination to <em>H. molitrix</em> mitigated HM-induced negative effects on growth, carcass composition, antioxidant activity, hematology, and histopathological alterations in the liver. Conclusively, herbal supplements such as GN and TU exhibit promising benefits for promoting overall health and mitigating HM toxicity in silver carp.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":8103,"journal":{"name":"Aquaculture Reports","volume":"41 ","pages":"Article 102705"},"PeriodicalIF":3.2,"publicationDate":"2025-02-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143474329","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Evaluation of common housefly Musca domestica maggot meal as partial substitution of fish meal and fish oil in Chinese mitten crab Eriocheir sinensis diets","authors":"Jinyu Tang ,&nbsp;Yangxin Dai ,&nbsp;Xiao Liang ,&nbsp;Yu Zhang ,&nbsp;Fuyong Huang ,&nbsp;Bao Lou ,&nbsp;Shuirong Guo","doi":"10.1016/j.aqrep.2025.102709","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.aqrep.2025.102709","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The declining availability of fish meal (FM) and fish oil (FO) poses a challenge to the sustainable development of aquaculture, necessitating the exploration of nutritious and eco-friendly alternatives. This study evaluated the effects of partially replacing FM and FO with housefly <em>Musca domestica</em> maggot meal (HM) on the growth performance, nutritional composition, antioxidant capacity, and non-specific immune response of Chinese mitten crab <em>Eriocheir sinensis</em>. An 8-week feeding trial was conducted using six isonitrogenous (crude protein ≈ 42.0 %) and isolipidic (crude lipid ≈ 8.1 %) diets, with HM inclusion levels of 0, 54, 107, 161, 214, and 268 g/kg, corresponding to FM replacement levels of 0, 50, 100, 150, 200, and 250 g/kg, and FO replacement levels of 0, 4, 7, 11, 14, and 18 g/kg. A total of 240 crabs (120 males: 21.16 ± 4.09 g; 120 females: 21.04 ± 3.75 g) were randomly distributed into 30 tanks (4 crabs/tank; ♂:♀=1:1). Results showed that replacing FM and FO with up to 268 g/kg HM (71.4 % FM and 45 % FO) had no significant impact on growth performance or somatic index. Hepatic lipid, protein, essential amino acid, bitter amino acid and total amino acid increased with HM inclusion levels, while antioxidant capacity and lysozyme activity showed a quadratic relationship, peaking at specific HM inclusion levels before declining. Diets containing 214 g/kg and 268 g/kg HM promoted protein and lipid deposition in the hepatopancreas. Furthermore, HM inclusion levels of 161–268 g/kg significantly improved amino acid profiles in muscle and hepatopancreas, as well as fatty acid profiles in the hepatopancreas. HM supplementation also enhanced hepatic antioxidant capacity and lysozyme activity, with optimal effects observed at 132.22–228.77 g/kg. These findings demonstrate the potential of HM as a sustainable alternative to FM and FO in <em>E. sinensis</em> diets, with an optimal inclusion range of 132.22–228.77 g/kg.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":8103,"journal":{"name":"Aquaculture Reports","volume":"41 ","pages":"Article 102709"},"PeriodicalIF":3.2,"publicationDate":"2025-02-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143464836","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Metabolic and nutritional effects of vitamin A on growth, lipid metabolism, antioxidant capacity and hepatopancreas health of juvenile mud crab (Scylla paramamosain)","authors":"Zheng Tang,&nbsp;Shichao Xie,&nbsp;Yao Deng,&nbsp;Wenhao Zhan,&nbsp;Hongyu Peng,&nbsp;Yinqiu Tian,&nbsp;Haiqing Cao,&nbsp;Min Jin,&nbsp;Binjie Zhou,&nbsp;Yushan Zou,&nbsp;Juntao Gu,&nbsp;Peng Sun,&nbsp;Qicun Zhou","doi":"10.1016/j.aqrep.2025.102703","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.aqrep.2025.102703","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>An 8-week feeding trial was conducted to determine the effects of different vitamin A (VA) level on growth performance, lipid metabolism, antioxidant capacity and hepatopancreas health of juvenile mud crab (<em>Scylla paramamosain</em>). Six experimental diets with different VA level were created, and the actual VA analysis values were 0.00, 2.52, 5.40, 11.59, 18.68 and 38.18 mg/kg, respectively. A total of 180 disease-free crabs weighing 15.03 ± 0.01 g were randomly transferred to 180 independent baskets, each treatment consisting of 3 replicates, with 10 crabs in each replicate. The results indicated that dietary 5.40 mg/kg VA significantly improved the FW, PWG, SGR and MR of juvenile mud crab. Crabs fed diet containing 5.40 mg/kg VA exhibited the highest concentrations of T-CHO, HDL-C and LDL-C and the activity of T-AOC in hemolymph, the activities of GSH-PX and T-SOD in hepatopancreas, and the expressions of <em>fatp4</em>, <em>cptⅠ</em>, <em>Δ6 fad</em> and <em>elovl6</em> in hepatopancreas were significantly up-regulated, while the hepatopancreas MDA concentration was the lowest (<em>P</em> &lt; 0.05). Besides, dietary 38.18 mg/kg VA up-regulated the expressions of <em>relish</em>, <em>rab6a</em> and <em>bax</em>, while significantly down-regulated the expressions of <em>alf-3</em> and <em>bcl-2</em>. The correlation analysis results showed that <em>fatp4</em> and <em>gpx</em> both have a significant positive correlation with growth performance related parameters, suggesting they may be crucial for VA's physiological functions. In conclusion, the broken-line equations of PWG relative to the dietary VA level indicated that the optimal dietary VA requirement for juvenile mud crab was established as 2.96 mg/kg. Dietary 5.40 mg/kg VA could improve the growth performance, lipid metabolism and antioxidant capacity of juvenile mud crab, meanwhile avoid hepatopancreas damage, inflammatory response and apoptosis caused by excessive VA.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":8103,"journal":{"name":"Aquaculture Reports","volume":"41 ","pages":"Article 102703"},"PeriodicalIF":3.2,"publicationDate":"2025-02-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143464838","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Dietary protein/lipid ratio affects the growth performance and one-carbon metabolism mediated by folate in juvenile razor clam Sinonovacula constricta","authors":"Yuxiang Zhu ,&nbsp;Kai Liao ,&nbsp;Yang Liu ,&nbsp;Hailong Huang ,&nbsp;Yang Zhang ,&nbsp;Hui Ge ,&nbsp;Deshui Chen ,&nbsp;Bin Ma ,&nbsp;Jilin Xu","doi":"10.1016/j.aqrep.2025.102707","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.aqrep.2025.102707","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The current research on artificial feed, nutritional requirements, and metabolism of bivalves is extremely limited. Here, we studied the effects of dietary protein/lipid ratios on the growth and folate metabolism of juvenile clam <em>Sinonovacula constricta</em>. Four microcapsule feeds were formulated with different protein (27–48 %) and lipid (2–14 %) levels, designated as follows: P48L2 (48 % protein and 2 % lipid), P41L6, P34L10, and P27L14 groups. Clams, initially measuring 2.7 ± 0.08 mm in shell length, were fed these diets for a period of 14 days. Results showed the optimal dietary protein/lipid ratio for juvenile clams was predicted to be 4.6. The lipid level of clam exhibited an upward trend as the dietary protein/lipid ratio decreased, and the appropriate protein/lipid ratio enhanced the activities of amylase, catalase, and superoxide dismutase. Transcriptome analysis showed that the pyrimidine/purine metabolism and one carbon pool by folate in the clam fed P41L6 diet was downregulated relative to those fed P34L10 and P27L14 diets. Meanwhile, compared with P34L10 group, the clam in the P41L6 group exhibited decreased levels of 5-methyltetrahydrofolate and folate, and increased levels of L-methionine and S-adenosylmethionine. Our results for the first time revealed that the optimal dietary protein/lipid ratio for clam was 4.6. Furthermore, the high-protein/low-lipid diet may inhibit growth by causing abnormal accumulation of metabolites in the methionine cycle and inhibiting the folate metabolism, ultimately resulting in reduced purine and pyrimidine synthesis. Our findings may provide indispensable theoretical support for formulating feeds of clam and understanding the relationship between dietary nutrient intake ratios and folate-mediated one-carbon metabolism.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":8103,"journal":{"name":"Aquaculture Reports","volume":"41 ","pages":"Article 102707"},"PeriodicalIF":3.2,"publicationDate":"2025-02-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143464837","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Effects of dietary carbohydrate and protein levels on the growth performance, nutrient metabolism and flesh quality of channel catfish (Ictarulus punctatus)","authors":"Xiaomin Hu ,&nbsp;Bo Dong ,&nbsp;Zheng Chen ,&nbsp;Haokun Liu ,&nbsp;Zhimin Zhang ,&nbsp;Junyan Jin ,&nbsp;Yunxia Yang ,&nbsp;Dong Han ,&nbsp;Xiaoming Zhu ,&nbsp;Shouqi Xie","doi":"10.1016/j.aqrep.2025.102712","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.aqrep.2025.102712","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>This study aimed to evaluate the effects of dietary carbohydrate and protein levels on growth performance, nutrient metabolism, liver function and flesh quality of channel catfish (<em>Ictarulus punctatus</em>). Four experimental diets were designed containing 20 % or 32 % carbohydrate with 32 % or 36 % protein, respectively (C20P32, C20P36, C32P32 and C32P36) and fed to triplicated groups of channel catfish (initial body weight: 60.88 ± 0.42 g) for 8 weeks. A two-way ANOVA revealed significant interactions between dietary carbohydrate and protein levels, influencing growth performance, VSI, LRE, body composition (lipid, moisture and ash), plasma metabolites (T-CHO, TG, HDL-C and LDL-C), liver T-CHO level and <em>g6pase</em> mRNA expression. Higher dietary carbohydrate increased FE, IPF, CF and PER, whereas higher protein level reduced PRE and PER. High carbohydrate intake promoted hepatic glucose transport (<em>glut2</em>), glycolysis (<em>gk</em>, <em>pfkl</em>, <em>pkl</em>), glycogenesis (<em>gys2</em>), glycogenolysis (<em>pygl</em>) and lipogenesis (TG content, Oil Red O area, expression of <em>acaca</em>, <em>srebp1</em>, <em>fasn</em> and <em>scd</em>). Concurrently, it suppressed lipolysis (<em>lpl</em>, <em>perilipin</em>, <em>cpt-1a</em>, <em>aco</em> and <em>pparα</em>), resulting in increased glycogen and lipid accumulation in the liver. Moreover, high carbohydrate decreased AST activities and up-regulated the expression of protein synthesis genes (<em>mtor</em>, <em>s6k1</em> and <em>s6</em>) in liver. Notably, there were no significant differences in plasma ALT, AST and AKP levels, liver ROS and MDA contents as well as the expressions levels of liver inflammatory cytokines (<em>tgfβ</em>, <em>tnfα</em>, <em>il6</em> and <em>il1β</em>) among the groups. In terms of white muscle, dietary carbohydrate and protein levels interacted to affect lipid content, the expression levels of genes involved in lipid and glycogen metabolism, <em>mrf4</em> expression level, fatty acid profiles (EPA, DHA, n-3 PUFA and PUFA) and texture properties (flexibility, adhesiveness and stringiness). Furthermore, high carbohydrate increased muscle glycogen, lactate and LDH contents, while decreased water holding capacity and <em>myf5</em> expression level in muscle. Higher protein level enhanced the ratio of n-3/n-6 PUFA, <em>myog</em> expression level and fracturability, but reduced toughness in muscle. In conclusion, the addition of carbohydrates to the diet of channel catfish had a protein-sparing effect. Dietary carbohydrate and protein levels didn’t affect liver function, while induced several modifications on flesh quality in channel catfish.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":8103,"journal":{"name":"Aquaculture Reports","volume":"41 ","pages":"Article 102712"},"PeriodicalIF":3.2,"publicationDate":"2025-02-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143464839","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Effect of non-starch polysaccharides and bile acid supplementation on nutrient digestibility, bile acid balance, faecal waste production and characteristics of yellowtail kingfish (Seriola lalandi)","authors":"Yaqing Zhang ,&nbsp;Roel M. Maas ,&nbsp;Pim Hilgers ,&nbsp;Peter Horstmann Zuther ,&nbsp;Fotini Kokou ,&nbsp;Thomas W.O. Staessen ,&nbsp;Johan W. Schrama","doi":"10.1016/j.aqrep.2025.102708","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.aqrep.2025.102708","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Effects of non-starch polysaccharides (NSP) and bile acid supplementation (sodium taurocholate, STC) on nutrient digestibility, bile acid balance, faecal waste production and characteristics were investigated in yellowtail kingfish (<em>Seriola lalandi</em>). The experiment was conducted according to a two-by-two factorial design. Four diets were tested, differing in NSP level (CON vs. NSP) and bile acid supplementation (0 % STC vs. 0.4 % STC). The NSP level was altered by the inclusion of either 0 % or 10 % of NSP-rich ingredient mixture, which consisted of wheat bran and soy hull (1:1). Bile acid supplementation was tested by adding either 0 % or 0.4 % STC to the diets. Each dietary treatment was tested in triplicate. Fish were fed to apparent satiation for 32–33 days. Results showed that both the dietary inclusion of NSP and STC increased feed intake of yellowtail kingfish. NSP inclusion had no negative effect on nutrient digestibility. It even improved phosphorus digestibility and tended to increase protein digestibility. STC supplementation improved fat digestibility, independent of NSP level. Dietary STC supplementation increased the size of bile acid body pool, but inhibited bile acid synthesis. Regarding faecal waste, the NSP-supplemented diets had higher faecal waste production but also a higher faecal removal efficiency, resulting in more faecal waste removed faeces than the CON diets. As a result, at both diets (CON and NSP) the amount of non-removed faeces was similar. STC supplementation had no effect on faecal waste production and faecal characteristics. In summary, our results showed that yellowtail kingfish (a carnivorous species) copes well with NSP regarding feed intake and nutrient digestibility. Bile acid supplementation can enter the body bile acid pool and improve fat digestibility of yellowtail kingfish, which can be an effective way to secure proper fat digestion when fed plant-based diets. Regarding faecal waste, a small amount of NSP in the diets results in a large portion in the faeces, which may play an important role in determining faecal characteristics and removal efficiency. Considering its effects, incorporating small amounts of NSP into the feed can be helpful for effective faecal waste management in RAS fish.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":8103,"journal":{"name":"Aquaculture Reports","volume":"41 ","pages":"Article 102708"},"PeriodicalIF":3.2,"publicationDate":"2025-02-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143464835","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}