Simultaneous reduction of dietary protein and daily feeding rate in biofloc system: Effect on water quality, growth, digestive and antioxidant capacity, immune response, and resistance to Aeromonas hydrophila in common carp

IF 3.7 2区农林科学 Q1 FISHERIES

Aquaculture Reports Pub Date : 2025-08-19 DOI:10.1016/j.aqrep.2025.103052

Hossein Adineh , Mahdi Naderi , Mohammad Amini Chermahini , Golbahar Zeitounli , Mohammad Meysam Salahi Ardekani

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Abstract

This experiment evaluated the impacts of simultaneous reduction of dietary protein and daily feeding rate in a biofloc system on performance of common carp, Cyprinus carpio. Juveniles (19.70 ± 1.55 g) were randomly placed in 15 tanks (200 L, 50 fish per tank) and divided into five groups including fish fed diets containing 35 % protein at 3 % (P35–3 %) or 2 % (P35–2 %) body weight (BW) per day and diets containing 25 % protein at 3 % (P25–3 %) or 2 % (P25–2 %) BW per day in biofloc culture system, and control group (clear water system, 35 % dietary protein, 3 % BW). Each group had three tanks. After 60 days, fish were exposed to Aeromonas hydrophila and the relative percentage survival (RPS) was determined. The lowest level of total ammonia was obtained in P25–2 % tanks. Higher growth of fish was obtained in P35–2 %, but it was not significantly different from the P25–2 % (P > 0.05). P35–2 % and P25–2 % groups had higher amylase and lipase activities compared to P25–3 % and control (P < 0.05). Higher antioxidant enzyme (CAT, SOD, and GPx) activities and lower liver malondialdehyde were obtained in P35–2 %, P25–2 %, and P25–3 % groups compared to P35–3 % and control (P < 0.05). Serum alternative complement (ACH50) activity was highest and cortisol level was lowest in P35–2 % and P25–2 % groups. Serum lysozyme activity was significantly higher in P35–2 % group than the P35–3 % and control (P < 0.05). Serum total immunoglobulin content was highest in P25–2 %. At 5 days after challenge, the RPS was highest in P35–2 % and P25–2 % and lowest in control, which can be described by using more bioflocs at a lower feeding rate. Overall, it is recommended to the aquaculture industry to reduce dietary protein from 35 % to 25 % and daily feeding rate from 3 % to 2 % BW simultaneously in biofloc system for common carp juveniles.

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在生物絮团系统中同时降低饲料蛋白质和日采食率：对鲤鱼水质、生长、消化和抗氧化能力、免疫反应和对嗜水气单胞菌抗性的影响

本试验研究了在生物絮团系统中同时降低饲料蛋白质和日摄食率对鲤鱼生产性能的影响。青少年(19.70 ±1.55  g)被随机放置在15坦克(200 L,鱼每柜)和分成五组包括食物喂养的鱼含有35 %蛋白质3 % (P35-3 %)或2 % (P35-2 %)体重(BW)每天的饮食包含25 %蛋白质3 % (P25-3 %)或2 % (P25-2 %)每天BW biofloc文化系统,和对照组(清水系统,35 %膳食蛋白质、3 % BW)。每组有三辆坦克。60天后，将鱼暴露于嗜水气单胞菌中，测定相对存活率（RPS）。总氨含量最低的是P25-2 %罐。P35-2 %组鱼的生长率较高，但与P25-2 %组差异不显著（P >； 0.05）。P35-2 %和P25-2 %组淀粉酶和脂肪酶活性高于P25-3 %和对照组（P <； 0.05）。与P35-3 %和对照组相比，P35-2 %、P25-2 %和P25-3 %组抗氧化酶（CAT、SOD和GPx）活性较高，肝脏丙二醛含量较低（P <； 0.05）。血清替代补体（ACH50）活性在P35-2 %和P25-2 %组最高，皮质醇水平最低。P35-2 %组血清溶菌酶活性显著高于P35-3 %和对照组（P <； 0.05）。P25-2组血清总免疫球蛋白含量最高 %。攻毒后第5 d， P35-2 %和P25-2 %的RPS最高，对照组最低，这可以解释为在较低的摄食率下使用更多的生物絮团。综上所示，建议养殖业在生物絮团系统中同时将鲤鱼幼鱼的饲料蛋白质从35 %降低到25 %，日摄食率从3 %降低到2 %体重。

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来源期刊

Aquaculture Reports Agricultural and Biological Sciences-Animal Science and Zoology

CiteScore

5.90

自引率

8.10%

发文量

469

审稿时长

77 days

期刊介绍： Aquaculture Reports will publish original research papers and reviews documenting outstanding science with a regional context and focus, answering the need for high quality information on novel species, systems and regions in emerging areas of aquaculture research and development, such as integrated multi-trophic aquaculture, urban aquaculture, ornamental, unfed aquaculture, offshore aquaculture and others. Papers having industry research as priority and encompassing product development research or current industry practice are encouraged.