Aquaculture Reports最新文献

{"title":"Utilization of ursolic acid methyl ester in the treatment of Streptococcus pyogenes in Nile tilapia, concerning physiological, genetic, immune-oxidative, stress, and neuro-ethological parameters","authors":"Rewan Abdelaziz ,&nbsp;Mona Abd El khalek Salem ,&nbsp;Walaa El-Houseiny ,&nbsp;Abdelwahab A. Abdelwarith ,&nbsp;Elsayed M. Younis ,&nbsp;Heba H. Mahboub ,&nbsp;Shimaa Zayed ,&nbsp;Reham A. Abd El-Wahab ,&nbsp;Basma A. Elshafey ,&nbsp;Simon J. Davies ,&nbsp;Amany Omar Selim","doi":"10.1016/j.aqrep.2025.102776","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.aqrep.2025.102776","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The present work is an innovative approach for application the <em>Streptomyces misakiensis S. misakiensis</em> metabolite called ursolic acid methyl ester (UAME) in treating <em>Streptococcus pyogenes</em> of Nile tilapia. A total of 110 fish was used for assessment of the therapeutic dose of UAME. In addition, the therapeutic efficacy of UAME was tested <em>in vivo</em> against <em>S. pyogenes</em> infection (after determination of LC₅₀) using 200 Nile tilapia. Fish (30.00 ± 1.5 g) were divided into four groups: CON (control), UAME (1.0 mg/L), <em>S. pyogenes</em>, and UAME (1.0 mg/L) + <em>S. pyogenes</em> groups. The inoculations of 0.2 mL of <em>S. pyogenes</em> (1 ×10⁷ CFU/mL) were administered to the fish in the <em>S. pyogenes</em> and UAME + <em>S. pyogenes</em> groups and continued for ten days. The minimal inhibitory concentration of UAME was 0.5 µg/mL. Moreover, irregularity and bacterial cell shape distortion were evident after treatment with UAME under a scanning Electron Microscope. Challenged groups in <em>S. pyogenes</em> exhibited significant increases in surfacing frequency, swimming, laterality and aggression behavior (<em>P</em> &lt; 0.05). Along with this, the hepatorenal metrics (ALT, ALP, AST, creatinine, total bilirubin, and urea.), MDA (an oxidant biomarker), (8-OHdG), glucose and cortisol (stress indicators) were all significantly elevated in the diseased fish (<em>P</em> &lt; 0.05). Contrariwise, the infected fish showed a significant drop (<em>P</em> &lt; 0.05) in survival %, red blood cells, hemoglobin, total proteins, total globulin, albumin, AchE activity, and the immune-antioxidant indices (IgM, complement factor 3, lysozyme activity, nitric oxide, hepatic CAT, SOD, GSH, and GPx). Analysis of genes in response to <em>S. pyogenes</em> infection demonstrated an up-regulation of the pro/anti-inflammatory genes (<em>il1b, tnfa, il8</em>, <em>tgfb, il10</em>). Surprisingly, enriched groups in UAME modulated all the measured parameters. Overall, UAME is a promising antibacterial candidate that can efficiently retrieve stress and enhance behavioral, biochemical, immune-antioxidant, and genetic changes endowed by <em>S. pyogenes</em> infection.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":8103,"journal":{"name":"Aquaculture Reports","volume":"42 ","pages":"Article 102776"},"PeriodicalIF":3.2,"publicationDate":"2025-04-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143768411","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Underwater noise impairs reproduction in zebrafish by disrupting the hypothalamic-pituitary-gonadal axis","authors":"Ruiqi He ,&nbsp;Wei Yang ,&nbsp;Yuchi Duan ,&nbsp;Tong Zhou ,&nbsp;Ya Li ,&nbsp;Yingwen Li ,&nbsp;Zhihao Liu ,&nbsp;Yanjun Shen ,&nbsp;Qiliang Chen","doi":"10.1016/j.aqrep.2025.102786","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.aqrep.2025.102786","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Anthropogenic underwater noise is a growing threat to fish and has been shown to interfere with social behavior and reproductive outcomes. Yet very few studies have addressed the molecular mechanisms behind it. Here, female and male zebrafish (<em>Danio rerio</em>) were exposed to noise (100–1000 Hz, 130 dB) for 14 days. Reproductive behavior and fecundity were evaluated, and underlying mechanisms were analyzed by examining gonad histopathology, sex hormone, and transcriptional profiles in hypothalamic-pituitary-gonadal (HPG) axis. Males exposed to noise showed a significantly decreased frequency of courtship behavior, including chasing and touching behavior and visits to the spawning area. The spawning capacity was significantly reduced in noise-exposed fish. In males, the concentration of androgen (11-ketotestosterone, 11-KT) was significantly decreased in noise-exposed fish probably by down-regulating expressions of genes in the HPG axis, which contributed to depressed spermatogenesis and courtship behavior. In females, 11-KT was significantly elevated by noise likely due to down-regulated estrogen-converting genes and up-regulated androgen-converting genes, further affecting the gonadal maturation and spawning, which was corroborated in histopathological observation. Overall, noise depressed courtship behavior and disturbed sex hormonal balance and gametogenesis by changing expressions of key genes in the HPG axis, thus inhibiting spawning. This study suggests that noise adversely affects the reproductive outcome by disturbing the endocrine system in fish and could pose a potential threat to fish populations inhabiting noisy waters.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":8103,"journal":{"name":"Aquaculture Reports","volume":"42 ","pages":"Article 102786"},"PeriodicalIF":3.2,"publicationDate":"2025-04-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143768412","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Divergent molecular responsive mechanism of female and male spotted scat (Scatophagus argus) liver to 17β-estradiol revealed by the comparative transcriptome analysis","authors":"Xinyi Li ,&nbsp;Shuhui Pan ,&nbsp;Yun Zheng ,&nbsp;Mingzhu Chen ,&nbsp;Gang Shi ,&nbsp;Guangli Li ,&nbsp;Chunhua Zhu ,&nbsp;Huapu Chen ,&nbsp;Shangli Shi ,&nbsp;Dongneng Jiang ,&nbsp;Yucong Hong ,&nbsp;Kaihui Sun ,&nbsp;Hongjuan Shi","doi":"10.1016/j.aqrep.2025.102785","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.aqrep.2025.102785","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Spotted scat (<em>Scatophagus argus</em>), an economically significant marine fish species, is widely distributed along the coasts of Guangxi, Taiwan and Guangdong Province in China. It exhibits sexual growth dimorphism, with females exhibiting a faster growth rate and larger size than males. The critical metabolic organ liver plays an important role in regulating body growth and reproduction processes, which that are influenced by estrogens. In this study, the molecular mechanisms of 17-estradiol (E₂) regulates body growth and reproduction in livers were investigated by transcriptome sequencing, after fed 2-year-old spotted scat with E₂-containing baits for 30 days. Transcriptome analysis identified 218, 1949, 548, and 1718 differentially expressed genes (DEGs) (FDR &lt; 0.05 and |log2(FC)| ≥ 1) in livers of spotted scat across the Ctrl-ML <em>vs</em>. Ctrl-FL, E₂-ML <em>vs</em>. E₂-FL, E₂-ML <em>vs</em>. Ctrl-ML, and E₂-FL <em>vs</em>. Ctrl-FL groups, respectively. The amino sugar and nucleotide sugar metabolism pathway was significantly influenced in females by E₂. While fatty acid metabolism, arginine and proline metabolism were significantly enriched in males. Several genes metabolic (<em>acsl5</em>, <em>gpx1b</em>, and <em>nots</em>), growth and reproduction-related genes (<em>igfs</em>, <em>vtgs</em>, <em>erα</em>, and <em>zps</em>) were responded to E₂ in a gender-specific manner. Thus, the livers of females appeared to be more sensitive to E₂ feeding than males, and the responsive mechanisms of spotted scat livers to E₂ were gender-specific. These findings will provide a foundation for understanding the molecular regulation of estrogen in fish growth and reproduction within the liver, and will also offer theoretical evidence for the artificial cultivation of spotted scat.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":8103,"journal":{"name":"Aquaculture Reports","volume":"42 ","pages":"Article 102785"},"PeriodicalIF":3.2,"publicationDate":"2025-04-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143759023","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Predicting aquaculture potential of an essential shrimp via species distribution models in China under climate change","authors":"Jie Wei ,&nbsp;Yakun Wang ,&nbsp;Kunhao Hong ,&nbsp;Qiaoyan Zhou ,&nbsp;Xinping Zhu ,&nbsp;Caihong Liu ,&nbsp;Lingyun Yu","doi":"10.1016/j.aqrep.2025.102783","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.aqrep.2025.102783","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Aquatic products are a crucial component of global food systems, and the impacts of climate change on aquaculture are becoming increasingly significant. Thus, it is essential to rigorously evaluate the sustainability of aquatic food production in the face of climate change. This study investigates the potential effects of climate change on the aquaculture of the freshwater shrimp <em>Macrobrachium rosenbergii</em> in China, using advanced species distribution models (SDMs). By compiling a comprehensive dataset of aquaculture sites across China, we developed a robust set of SDMs to predict the suitability of aquaculture regions under both current and future climate scenarios. Our models demonstrated high predictive accuracy, revealing that the distribution of suitable aquaculture areas for <em>M. rosenbergii</em> is primarily determined by extreme temperature variations during the warmest and coldest months. Under present climate conditions, these areas are concentrated in eastern and southern China. However, projected climate changes could significantly reduce suitable regions, with losses ranging from approximately 6.00–29.11 %. These results highlight the critical need to consider the long-term effects of climate change when developing strategic plans for aquaculture management and production in China.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":8103,"journal":{"name":"Aquaculture Reports","volume":"42 ","pages":"Article 102783"},"PeriodicalIF":3.2,"publicationDate":"2025-04-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143759020","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Myo-inositol oxygenase: A key player in the battle of Pacific white shrimp (Penaeus vannamei) against low-salinity stress","authors":"Shengwei Lin ,&nbsp;Yiting Wu ,&nbsp;Zhihao Zhang ,&nbsp;Xinchen Wang ,&nbsp;Fenglu Han ,&nbsp;Chang Xu ,&nbsp;Erchao Li","doi":"10.1016/j.aqrep.2025.102788","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.aqrep.2025.102788","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Salinity is an important physicochemical parameter in the aquatic environment that has a profound impact on the physiological processes of aquatic animals. Therefore, strong salinity adaptability is crucial for the survival of aquatic animals. This research investigated the physiological adaptation mechanisms of the economically significant aquaculture species <em>Penaeus vannamei</em> to low-salinity stress, with a focus on the <em>myo</em>-inositol metabolic pathway. This study cloned and identified the full-length cDNA sequence of <em>Pv-miox</em>, revealing its highest expression in the hepatopancreas and significant evolutionary conservation, potentially linked to salinity adaptation. <em>Pv-miox</em> dsRNA interference experiments revealed that shrimp mortality was reduced under acute low-salinity stress conditions. The main reason may be that reduced inositol metabolism leads to increased accumulation of <em>myo</em>-inositol in the gills, which alleviates the osmotic pressure imbalance of the body under low-salinity stress. Moreover, the oxidative stress, endoplasmic reticulum stress and inflammatory response caused by low-salinity stress are effectively regulated, avoiding excessive cell death. This study further clarifies the key role of <em>myo</em>-inositol metabolism in the adaptation of shrimp to low-salinity stress and helps to elucidate the physiological adaptation mechanism of crustaceans to low-salinity.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":8103,"journal":{"name":"Aquaculture Reports","volume":"42 ","pages":"Article 102788"},"PeriodicalIF":3.2,"publicationDate":"2025-04-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143759021","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"In silico insights into the molecular mechanisms of Eclipta alba leaf fractions enhancing nonspecific immune mechanisms and resistance to Aeromonas hydrophila in Oreochromis mossambicus (Peters)","authors":"D. Christybapita ,&nbsp;M. Divya Gnaneswari ,&nbsp;Smriti Sharma ,&nbsp;R. Dinakaran Michael ,&nbsp;Parasuraman Aiya Subramani","doi":"10.1016/j.aqrep.2025.102774","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.aqrep.2025.102774","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The present study evaluated the impact of the water-soluble fraction (WSF) and hexane-soluble fraction (HSF) from <em>Eclipta alba</em>, a medicinal plant native to India, on nonspecific immune mechanisms and disease resistance in <em>Oreochromis mossambicus</em> (Mozambique tilapia) experimentally infected with <em>Aeromonas hydrophila</em>. Fish were intraperitoneally administered <em>E. alba</em> leaf fractions at doses of 0, 4, 40, or 400 mg kg⁻¹. Immune parameters, including ROS and RNS production by leukocytes and serum lysozyme activity, were monitored at several time points (-2, 2, 4, 6, 8, and 10 days post-treatment). Both WSF and HSF significantly (p &lt; 0.05) increased ROS levels across all days tested. The highest WSF dose (400 mg kg⁻¹) notably induced RNS production (p &lt; 0.05) on most days. Additionally, mid doses (40 mg kg⁻¹) of both HSF and WSF significantly (p &lt; 0.05) stimulated lysozyme activity on day 8. Disease resistance tests showed that the highest doses of HSF and WSF (400 mg kg⁻¹), when administered as double doses, reduced mortality (p &lt; 0.01) and increased relative percentage survival. These findings suggest that WSF and HSF fractions from <em>E. alba</em>, when administered at an optimal dose of 400 mg kg⁻¹, stimulate the nonspecific immune mechanisms of <em>O. mossambicus</em>, improving resistance to <em>A. hydrophila</em> infection. Several compounds in the extracts were identified using GC-MS/MS, and their structures were retrieved. Molecular docking of the retrieved structures with NADPH oxidase (NOX) and Nitric oxide synthase (NOS), which are key enzymes involved in ROS and RNS production, was conducted using AutoDock software. Docking results showed that stigmasterol (WSF) and ethylcyclodocosane (HSF) bound to both NOX and NOS with high affinity. The observed immunostimulatory activity may be mediated through NOX and NOS activation, as supported by our <em>in-silico</em> docking studies.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":8103,"journal":{"name":"Aquaculture Reports","volume":"42 ","pages":"Article 102774"},"PeriodicalIF":3.2,"publicationDate":"2025-03-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143724660","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Genetic diversity of Gymnocypris firmispinatus: Insights from microsatellites and mitochondrial DNA among wild, broodstock source, and broodstock populations","authors":"Huke He ,&nbsp;Haifeng Tian ,&nbsp;Xiaodong Wang ,&nbsp;Liang Peng ,&nbsp;Liqiao Zhong ,&nbsp;Pengzhi Qi ,&nbsp;Baoshan Ma","doi":"10.1016/j.aqrep.2025.102767","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.aqrep.2025.102767","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>This study provides an analysis of the genetic diversity and population structure of <em>Gymnocypris firmispinatus</em>, a fish species endemic to the upper Yangtze River. Genetic evaluations were conducted using both microsatellite and mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) markers across three distinct populations: wild, broodstock source, and broodstock. The results show that genetic diversity is relatively uniform across these groups, with no significant differences observed in diversity levels. The wild population had an average of 15.889 alleles per locus, the broodstock source population had an average of 16.444 alleles per locus, and the broodstock population had an average of 13.778 alleles per locus, with an average polymorphic information content (<em>PIC</em>) of 0.883. The observed heterozygosity (<em>H</em>_<em>o</em>) and expected heterozygosity (<em>H</em>_<em>e</em>) averaged 0.729 and 0.894, respectively. mtDNA (5’-Cyt <em>b</em> + D-loop-3’) analysis revealed 36 haplotypes with an overall haplotype diversity (<em>h</em>) of 0.901 and an overall nucleotide diversity (<em>π</em>) of 0.00476. Genetic differentiation was significant, particularly between the wild and broodstock populations, as indicated by high <em>F</em>_<em>st</em> values for both microsatellite and mtDNA markers. The broodstock population presented a high level of diversity with microsatellite markers (<em>H</em>_<em>o</em> = 0.737, <em>H</em>_<em>e</em> = 0.798, <em>PIC</em> = 0.769), whereas mtDNA markers presented comparatively lower diversity (<em>h</em> = 0.563, <em>π</em> = 0.00079). This contrast highlights the importance of using both marker types to gain a complete understanding of the genetic structure of populations. The reduced mtDNA diversity is likely due to its smaller effective population size and greater susceptibility to genetic drift, given its maternal inheritance. These findings suggest that stock enhancement release activities can help preserve the genetic diversity of the <em>G. firmispinatus</em> population.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":8103,"journal":{"name":"Aquaculture Reports","volume":"42 ","pages":"Article 102767"},"PeriodicalIF":3.2,"publicationDate":"2025-03-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143724658","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Dietary protein/carbohydrate ratio and swimming activity modulate mitochondrial performance and oxidative metabolism in gilthead sea bream (Sparus aurata) juveniles","authors":"Isabel García-Pérez,&nbsp;Lucía Aragón-Serrano,&nbsp;Manel Montblanch,&nbsp;Albert Sánchez-Moya,&nbsp;Miquel Perelló-Amorós,&nbsp;Jaume Fernández-Borràs,&nbsp;Joaquim Gutiérrez,&nbsp;Josefina Blasco","doi":"10.1016/j.aqrep.2025.102765","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.aqrep.2025.102765","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>This study compares the effects of a high-protein diet (HP) and a high-carbohydrate diet (HC) on energy metabolism, mitochondrial homeostasis, and oxidative stress in gilthead sea bream juveniles, and examines how swimming activity modulates these effects in a 6-week trial. Both diet and exercise induced tissue-specific metabolic responses, adjusting enzyme activity and gene expression based on substrate availability and energy demands. HP-fed fish exhibited higher hepatic protein content and increased activity of enzymes involved in aerobic metabolism (Cs) and protein catabolism (Alat) compared to HC-fed fish. Hepatic expression of genes related to mitochondrial biogenesis (<em>sirt1</em>, <em>tfam</em>, <em>pgc1a</em>), dynamics (<em>mfn1</em>, <em>mfn2</em>, <em>miffb</em>, <em>fis1</em>), energy metabolism (<em>cox4a</em>, <em>cs</em>, <em>ucp1</em>, <em>hadh</em>), and oxidative stress (<em>sod1</em>, <em>sod2</em>, <em>cat</em>, <em>gpx1</em>, <em>gpx4</em>, <em>gst3</em>, <em>prdx5</em>) was also higher in the HP-fed group. In red muscle, mitochondrial activity was more pronounced in HC-fed fish, as evidenced by increased expression of <em>sirt1</em>, <em>pgc1a</em>, <em>ucp2</em>, and antioxidant-related genes. White muscle exhibited minimal changes in response to diet composition, with HP-fed fish displaying slightly higher oxidative capacity, and HC-fed fish showing stronger activation of glycolytic pathways. Exercise reduced plasma triglyceride levels and upregulated <em>mfn1</em>, <em>glut4</em>, and <em>ucp2</em> expression in red muscle, while liver and white muscle function remained mostly unaffected by swimming activity. Gilthead sea bream juveniles demonstrated notable metabolic adaptation to a carbohydrate-rich diet, presenting minor diet-induced changes at the molecular level, with skeletal muscles showing high metabolic plasticity. Furthermore, exercise enhanced nutrient utilization, especially under high carbohydrate intake, providing a suitable strategy for using protein-adjusted diets to promote more sustainable farming of this species.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":8103,"journal":{"name":"Aquaculture Reports","volume":"42 ","pages":"Article 102765"},"PeriodicalIF":3.2,"publicationDate":"2025-03-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143724659","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A dynamic simulation model for digestion, gut transit, and absorption in the ballan wrasse, Labrus bergylta","authors":"T.S. Silva ,&nbsp;L.E.C. Conceição ,&nbsp;Ø. Sæle ,&nbsp;I. Rønnestad","doi":"10.1016/j.aqrep.2025.102772","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.aqrep.2025.102772","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Ballan wrasse is a widely used cleaner fish for farming Atlantic salmon and is collected from nature and reared for this purpose. One of the main bottlenecks in ballan wrasse rearing is formulation of diets that result in high feed intake, growth, and health. The problem is believed to be related to poor acceptability of diets and functional properties of the agastric, short digestive system of the species. The aim of this study was to improve understanding of digestive functions as basis for making better feed and improving overall production performance.</div><div>For this purpose, we developed a mechanistic dynamic model that quantifies digestion, absorption, and retention efficiency of selected macronutrients in ballan wrasse. Dynamic models are powerful tools for integrating practical data from experiments with hypotheses, theoretical concepts, and literature data in an iterative process that clarifies and controls experiments, hypotheses, and designs. Due to its mechanical nature, the ballan wrasse model can be easily adapted to other fish species.</div><div>The model was calibrated with previously published results where the fish were fed diets with added inert markers to follow digestion, absorption, and evacuation rate. The model overestimated protein digestibility/absorption (Apparent Digestibility Coefficient; ADC) in the first intestinal segment (S1) but showed good compliance for the rest of the intestine. Both the model and experimental data showed that a large fraction of protein absorption ADC-P was in S1. For lipids, both S2 and S3 contributed more to ADC-L. The gut transit time was calculated after feed change and was 12–14 h. It took 4–8 h for 90 % of the feed to move from S1 to midgut (S2). At this time, 7 % of the intestinal contents had entered the hindgut (S4). The model simulates transit of S4 well, but underestimates transfer rate from bulb (S1) to anterior midgut (S2).</div></div>","PeriodicalId":8103,"journal":{"name":"Aquaculture Reports","volume":"42 ","pages":"Article 102772"},"PeriodicalIF":3.2,"publicationDate":"2025-03-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143714367","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Comparative transcriptomic analysis reveals genetic factors underlying susceptibility of largemouth bass to the complex stress elicited by transportation","authors":"Guili Song ,&nbsp;Yi Chen ,&nbsp;Jun Xiao ,&nbsp;Leyang Peng ,&nbsp;Hui Qiao ,&nbsp;Shuning Liu ,&nbsp;Cheng Luo ,&nbsp;Yong Long","doi":"10.1016/j.aqrep.2025.102771","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.aqrep.2025.102771","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Live fish transportation is a common practice in aquaculture, but it can cause complex stress and lead to decreased immunity and mass mortality. However, the genetic mechanisms determining fish resistance to transportation stress are not well understood. In this study, largemouth bass (<em>Micropterus salmoides</em>) juveniles were transported by car for 4 hours, resulting in a mortality rate of 33.61 ± 10.58 % during recovery. Except for the dead ones, stress-sensitive individuals with abnormal symptoms were identified, showing significantly lower levels of glutathione and superoxide dismutase in their livers compared to normal individuals (p &lt; 0.05). RNA sequencing of liver and spleen samples collected before transportation (T0), at the end of transportation (Te), and after 1, 3, 4 and 5 days of recovery (R1d, R3d, R4d and R5d) revealed transcriptional responses to the stress. Up-regulated genes in the liver were associated with cholesterol, sterol and steroid biosynthesis, while those in the spleen were related to hemopoiesis and immune response. Down-regulated genes in both tissues were linked to neurogenesis, angiogenesis and cell migration. Analysis of differentially expressed genes between normal and abnormal fish suggested that failure to terminate stress responses and organ function depression may contribute to stress susceptibility. Core genes associated with stress susceptibility were enriched in glycolysis. These findings shed light on the genetic factors influencing largemouth bass’s susceptibility to transportation stress.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":8103,"journal":{"name":"Aquaculture Reports","volume":"42 ","pages":"Article 102771"},"PeriodicalIF":3.2,"publicationDate":"2025-03-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143714455","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}