Aquaculture Reports最新文献

{"title":"Bioconversion of aquaculture waste blended with vegetable by-products using Hermetia illucens larvae: Process parameters and larval quality","authors":"Ivã Guidini Lopes ,&nbsp;Viktoria Wiklicky ,&nbsp;Cecilia Lalander","doi":"10.1016/j.aqrep.2025.102961","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.aqrep.2025.102961","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The constantly increasing aquaculture production generates high amounts of biowaste worldwide, which must be properly treated in order to keep aquaculture’s footprint low. This study aimed at evaluating the bioconversion of aquaculture waste streams (RAS sludge, fish trimmings, and harvest macroalgae waste) using black soldier fly (<em>Hermetia illucens</em>, BSF) larvae and the quality of the resulting larval biomass. The study was conducted in a modified shipping container simulating a large-scale setting and the diets were formulated using brewery spent grains and cabbage as base, mixing in aquaculture waste, aiming to treat the highest inclusion rate possible. A bioconversion efficiency of above 20 %_DM and a material reduction generally above 55 %_DM were observed, while generating a larval biomass that was rich in protein (&gt; 35 %_DM), essential amino acids and fatty acids. The larvae reared on fish trimmings (from an anchovy processing plant) had the highest crude fat content (29.0 ± 1.1 %_DM) in relation to other treatments, while the macroalgae waste dietary inclusion generated larvae with low fat content (14.7 ± 1.5 %_DM on average). Interestingly, it was observed that the addition of aquaculture wastes, even in small inclusion levels (between 15 % and 25 % on wet basis), reduced the concentration of saturated fatty acids in the larvae (especially lauric acid and pentadecanoic acid). It was concluded that BSF larvae are able to bioconvert varied aquaculture waste streams and it is possible to produce tailored larval biomass by adding such waste streams in their diets, enabling the production of a protein ingredient with specific traits to be used in aquafeeds.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":8103,"journal":{"name":"Aquaculture Reports","volume":"43 ","pages":"Article 102961"},"PeriodicalIF":3.2,"publicationDate":"2025-07-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144570833","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Using invasive weed (Bidens pilosa L.) as a feed supplement to promote Nile tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus) health","authors":"Nantaporn Sutthi ,&nbsp;Eakapol Wangkahart ,&nbsp;Wipavee Thaimuangphol ,&nbsp;Prasoborn Rinthong ,&nbsp;Laorsri Sanoamuang","doi":"10.1016/j.aqrep.2025.102967","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.aqrep.2025.102967","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div><em>Bidens pilosa</em> is a widespread invasive species typically regarded as a weed with no economic value. Repurposing this plant as a functional feed ingredient presents a sustainable, cost-effective approach for aquaculture. This study evaluated the effects of adding dietary <em>B. pilosa</em> leaf ethanol extract on growth performance, immune responses, gene expression, and disease resistance in Nile tilapia. Experimental diets supplemented a basal feed with <em>B. pilosa</em> extract at 2.5 g/kg (T2), 5.0 g/kg (T3), and 10.0 g/kg (T4); the control group (T1) received no supplementation. After a 60-day feeding trial, fish in the T2 exhibited significantly higher weight gain, daily growth rate, and an improved feed conversion ratio (FCR) compared with the control group (<em>P</em> &lt; 0.05). Additionally, the T2 group had the highest fillet yield and the lowest carcass yield (<em>P</em> &lt; 0.05). Biochemical analyses revealed that the highest extract level (T4) induced oxidative stress and immune dysregulation, including both immune suppression and potential ineffective immunity, evidenced by elevated aspartate aminotransferase (AST) and malondialdehyde (MDA) levels, alongside decreased lysozyme activity (LZM), myeloperoxidase (MPO), red blood cell (RBC) count, and hemoglobin (Hb) concentration (<em>P</em> &lt; 0.05). In contrast, the T2 group exhibited the highest post-challenge survival (53.33 ± 15.27 %) against <em>Streptococcus agalactiae</em> and upregulated growth hormone (GH) and glutathione peroxidase (GPx) gene expression (<em>P</em> &lt; 0.05). Quadratic regression analysis estimated the optimal inclusion level at 4.29–4.58 g/kg. These findings demonstrate that supplementation at 2.5 g/kg enhances growth, immune competence, and disease resistance in Nile tilapia, whereas excessive inclusion (10 g/kg) may provoke oxidative stress, dual immune suppression, and inflammatory toxicity, underscoring the importance of precise dosage optimization for sustainable aquaculture.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":8103,"journal":{"name":"Aquaculture Reports","volume":"43 ","pages":"Article 102967"},"PeriodicalIF":3.2,"publicationDate":"2025-07-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144557115","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Effects of dietary Alpinia oxyphylla extract on growth indices, muscle composition, antioxidant status, immunity, and ammonia resistance of juvenile ivory shell (Babylonia areolata)","authors":"Teng Li ,&nbsp;Yao-Peng Lu ,&nbsp;Zi-Hang Yu ,&nbsp;Hui Guo ,&nbsp;Ze-Long Zhang ,&nbsp;Pei-Hua Zheng ,&nbsp;Jun-Tao Li ,&nbsp;Li-Xuan Wang ,&nbsp;Xiao-Wen Zhu ,&nbsp;Jian-An Xian","doi":"10.1016/j.aqrep.2025.102965","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.aqrep.2025.102965","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>This study evaluated the impacts of dietary <em>Alpinia oxyphylla</em> extract (AO) on growth, muscle composition, antioxidant status, immunity, and ammonia resistance of juvenile ivory shell (<em>Babylonia areolata</em>). Six experimental diets (AO1, AO2, AO3, AO4, AO5, and AO6) with varying AO levels (0, 1, 2, 4, 6, and 10 g/kg diet) were fed to the ivory shell for 8 weeks. The weight gain rate and specific growth rate were higher in AO3 and AO4 groups. Muscle crude protein content was significantly higher in AO4 and AO5 groups, while crude lipid content significantly decreased in AO4 group compared to the control group. Superoxide dismutase (SOD) activity was increased in AO-fed <em>B. areolata</em>, with the highest values in the AO3 group. Catalase (CAT) activity was significantly increased in AO3, AO4, AO5, and AO6 groups. Total antioxidant capacity (T-AOC) was significantly higher and malondialdehyde (MDA) content was significantly lower, in AO3 and AO4 groups compared to the control group. The highest acid phosphatase (ACP) value was recorded in AO3, AO4, and AO5 groups, while alkaline phosphatase (AKP) activity was significantly higher in AO4, AO5, and AO6 groups compared to the control group. AO significantly induced the expression of <em>SOD</em>, <em>GST</em>, <em>CYP450</em>, <em>ACP</em>, and <em>CYC</em> in hepatopancreas. After ammonia stress, <em>B. areolata</em> fed with 2–4 g/kg AO showed a higher survival rate compared to the control group. These results suggest that dietary AO supplementation at 2.26 g/kg AO improves growth, muscle composition, immunity, and ammonia resistance in <em>B. areolata</em>.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":8103,"journal":{"name":"Aquaculture Reports","volume":"43 ","pages":"Article 102965"},"PeriodicalIF":3.2,"publicationDate":"2025-07-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144557117","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Astaxanthin from Phaffia rhodozyma screened by metagenome sequencing improves the growth performance, intestinal health, and immunity of juvenile Opsariichthys bidens","authors":"Muyan Li ,&nbsp;Weishao Bu ,&nbsp;Zifeng Yin ,&nbsp;Muhammad Jawad ,&nbsp;Lingzhan Xue ,&nbsp;Gaoxiong Zeng ,&nbsp;Meiying Wu ,&nbsp;Zhang Lu ,&nbsp;Junqiang Qiu ,&nbsp;Mingyou Li","doi":"10.1016/j.aqrep.2025.102960","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.aqrep.2025.102960","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Intestinal flora, known as the \"second genome,\" play an important role in growth, development, barrier protection, and immunological tolerance in aquatic organisms. Intestinal flora of cultured fish can be influenced by various factors such as culture environment, growth stage, growth rate, and gender. In this study, we used a metagenome sequence to analyze the intestinal flora of male and female Chinese hook snout carp (<em>Opsariichthys bidens</em>) across different growth stages. This study aims to identify the genera that serve as sources of dietary nutrient supplementation to improve fish health status and growth performance. The results showed no significant differences in the overall intestinal flora of male and female <em>O. bidens</em>. However, variations in the growth stage may cause changes in the dominant phyla and functional dissimilarities between the two genders. Among the identified genera, <em>Phaffia rhodozyma</em> was screened as a genus considered to have the potential for nutrient supplementation. In order to validate its efficacy, varying concentrations of <em>P. rhodozyma</em> were supplemented into the diet to assess the culture performance of <em>O. bidens</em>. Our results demonstrated that the 0.5 % dietary supplementation of <em>P. rhodozyma</em> significantly improved growth performance indicators (WGR, SCR, and FCR) of <em>O. bidens</em> as compared to the control group (<em>p</em> &lt; 0.05). Moreover, it’s also enhanced the reproductive performance in females as well as increased the antioxidant capacity and immune resistance. Based on growth performance, 0.5 % was determined to be the optimal supplementation level of <em>P. rhodozyma</em>.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":8103,"journal":{"name":"Aquaculture Reports","volume":"43 ","pages":"Article 102960"},"PeriodicalIF":3.2,"publicationDate":"2025-07-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144557217","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Sodium butyrate mitigates aflatoxin B1 toxicity in largemouth bass","authors":"Dongqiang Hou ,&nbsp;Hongxia Zhao ,&nbsp;Kai Peng ,&nbsp;Bing Chen ,&nbsp;Junru Hu ,&nbsp;Xifeng Zhu ,&nbsp;Guoxia Wang ,&nbsp;Junming Cao ,&nbsp;Wen Huang","doi":"10.1016/j.aqrep.2025.102966","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.aqrep.2025.102966","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The aim of this study was to investigate the effects of aflatoxin B1 (AFB1) on growth performance, lipid metabolism, oxidative stress, histopathology, and gut microbiota composition in largemouth bass, and to evaluate the mitigation effect of sodium butyrate (SB). The initial body weight of largemouth bass was 3.38 ± 0.10 g, and the experimental period was 56 days. The experiments were divided into three groups: CON (basal diet without AFB1), AFB1 (basal diet +1.0 mg/kg AFB1), and SB (basal diet +1.0 mg/kg AFB1 +2.0 g/kg SB). The results showed that AFB1 significantly reduced the rate of weight gain in largemouth bass compared with CON, whereas there was no significant difference in the SB supplemented group. AFB1 decreased serum TG levels and increased CHO, HDL, and LDL levels, whereas SB addition did not mitigate these effects. In addition, blood glucose levels were also significantly lower in the AFB1 and SB groups compared to CON. In terms of oxidative stress, AFB1 exposure increased the activities of liver antioxidant enzymes, including GSH-Px, ACP, and AKP, while SB supplementation increased the activity of intestinal catalase CAT, both of which significantly increased the content of MDA. Histopathological results showed that AFB1 increased inflammatory responses in the gut and liver, which were attenuated by SB addition. In terms of gut microbial composition, AFB1 decreased the relative abundance of gut microbes in largemouth bass, whereas SB addition decreased the relative abundance of Firmicutes and Mycoplasma genera and increased the relative abundance of Proteobacteria. In conclusion, SB alleviated the negative effects of AFB1 on largemouth bass to some extent, especially in promoting growth performance, gut microbiota, and reducing inflammatory responses, providing a scientific basis for mitigating the adverse effects of AFB1 in the aquaculture industry.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":8103,"journal":{"name":"Aquaculture Reports","volume":"43 ","pages":"Article 102966"},"PeriodicalIF":3.2,"publicationDate":"2025-07-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144557183","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Mannan-oligosaccharide modulates gut microbiota and enhances immune-metabolic functions in Chinese mitten crab (Eriocheir sinensis): Insights from an in vitro fermentation model","authors":"Wei Li ,&nbsp;Shubin Liu ,&nbsp;Kaiqi Huang ,&nbsp;Xiaoling Zhang ,&nbsp;Xiaodan Wang ,&nbsp;Jian G. Qin ,&nbsp;Liqiao Chen ,&nbsp;Erchao Li","doi":"10.1016/j.aqrep.2025.102958","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.aqrep.2025.102958","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Prebiotics are promising alternatives to antibiotics for enhancing disease resistance in aquaculture, yet their immunomodulatory mechanisms remain poorly understood.This study investigated the regulatory effects of prebiotics through in vitro experiments by directly comparing the effects of seven prebiotics, fructo-oligosaccharides (FOSs), galacto-oligosaccharides (GOSs), Mannan-oligosaccharides (MOSs), inulin, β-glucan, isomaltodextrin (IMO), and xylo-oligosaccharides (XOSs), on the gut microbiota and metabolites in the Chinese Mitten Crab (<em>Eriocheir sinensis</em>). The pH values and digestive enzyme activities of the fermentation broth were measured. Five prebiotics (GOS, MOS, β-glucan, IMO, and XOS) exhibited significant effects, and they were subsequently selected for further analysis of short-chain fatty acid (SCFA) production and gut microbiota composition. After 12 h of in vitro fermentation, the MOS-supplemented group presented minimum pH and maximum trypsin and lipase activities. MOS outperformed other prebiotics, particularly butyric acid, in stimulating SCFA production. Compared with the other treatments, MOS significantly increased the growth of <em>Clostridium</em> and <em>Lactococcus</em>. Notably, MOS-driven butyrate accumulation was linked to the upregulation of anti-inflammatory pathways (e.g., NF-κB inhibition) and enhanced intestinal barrier integrity. Furthermore, MOS suppressed branched-chain fatty acids (BCFAs), potential markers of proteolytic dysbiosis, suggesting its role in mitigating gut inflammation. These findings highlight MOS as a potent immunomodulatory prebiotic for <em>E. sinensis</em>, providing a mechanistic basis for its application in antibiotic-free aquaculture strategies.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":8103,"journal":{"name":"Aquaculture Reports","volume":"43 ","pages":"Article 102958"},"PeriodicalIF":3.2,"publicationDate":"2025-06-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144502116","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Atlantic salmon in Arctic aquaculture - enhanced performance, health, and quality with seasonally adjusted dietary protein levels","authors":"Turid Mørkøre ,&nbsp;Eunice E. Boahemaa-Kobil ,&nbsp;Trond M. Kortner ,&nbsp;Elvis Chikwati ,&nbsp;Vegard Denstadli ,&nbsp;Thomas Larsson ,&nbsp;Tibiabin Benitez-Santana ,&nbsp;Olai Einen","doi":"10.1016/j.aqrep.2025.102929","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.aqrep.2025.102929","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>This study assessed the effects of periodically increased dietary protein levels (HP diets) on the performance, health, and product quality of Atlantic salmon commercially farmed in 120 m circumference sea-cages in Arctic Finnmark, Norway. Over a one-year trial (October 2021 - October 2022), triplicate cages were fed a Control diet, a HP diet from October–March (HP-W), or from October–July (HP-WS) before returning to the Control diet. HP diets contained 4–5 % more protein than the Control, with comparable energy levels. Fish grew from 570 g to 3.17 kg by October 2022. In March, Control group had the highest prevalence of distal intestinal changes. By July, the Thermal Growth Coefficient was higher for HP-fed groups (3.9) compared to the Control (3.5) (P &lt; 0.01). Compared with the Control group, scale loss was lower of the HP-W, while skin wound prevalence was lower, and slaughter yield was higher of the HP-WS. Fillets from HP-WS were leaner and more intensely colored, with no melanin spots. By October, fillets from HP groups had greater firmness, and fewer melanized muscle segments compared with the Control. Eye lens opacity prevalence was lower in HP groups (4 %) than the Control (23 %; P = 0.03). Fillet yield was lowest in the HP-W group (62.1 %). Across the trial, feed conversion ratio (1.13) and mortality (6.1 %) were unaffected by dietary treatments. This study provides the first evidence that early-phase dietary protein enrichment can enhance resilience, welfare, and fillet quality, mitigating long-term issues like eye defects, soft flesh, gaping, and melanin spots, indicating its potential as a nutritional strategy to enhance production outcomes in Arctic salmon farming.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":8103,"journal":{"name":"Aquaculture Reports","volume":"43 ","pages":"Article 102929"},"PeriodicalIF":3.2,"publicationDate":"2025-06-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144502115","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Metabolome analysis of Eriocheir sinensis serum under air exposure at low temperature","authors":"Mengqi Ni ,&nbsp;Shucheng Shao ,&nbsp;Zhaoxia Cui","doi":"10.1016/j.aqrep.2025.102949","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.aqrep.2025.102949","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Air exposure is a common stressor that disrupts the physiological activities of aquatic crustaceans. Low temperature can effectively alleviate the stress caused by air exposure. The study investigates the metabolic response of <em>Eriocheir sinensis</em> to air exposure at low temperature using serum metabolomics. Exposure to the stress induces increase in tricarboxylic acid (TCA) cycle intermediates and phospholipids. This metabolic shift is crucial for enhancing energy production and facilitating dynamic remodeling of the cell membrane. And the enrichment of the hypoxia-inducible factor-1 (HIF-1) signaling pathway and the ATP-binding cassette (ABC) transporter pathway suggests the activation of signal transduction processes. Moreover, the enhanced activities of autophagy, efferocytosis, and the Forkhead Box (FoxO) signaling pathway reflect the reinforcement of the immune defense mechanism. These results clearly indicate that <em>E. sinensis</em> can correspond to the stress through multi-dimensional regulation. This study can provide theoretical basis for in-depth understanding of the environmental adaptation strategies of <em>E. sinensis</em> and offer valuable references for the scientific management during its cultivation and transportation.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":8103,"journal":{"name":"Aquaculture Reports","volume":"43 ","pages":"Article 102949"},"PeriodicalIF":3.2,"publicationDate":"2025-06-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144490033","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Impact of different food sources on nutrient profile and taste attributes of Chinese mitten crab (Eriocheir sinensis)","authors":"Jian Tian ,&nbsp;Yin Dong ,&nbsp;Lishan Wang ,&nbsp;Ruixue Hu ,&nbsp;Longlong Fu","doi":"10.1016/j.aqrep.2025.102957","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.aqrep.2025.102957","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>In recent years, to decrease costs for crab fattening, enterprises and farmers gradually use animal offals like beef liver to replace with frozen fish. However, the potential and limitations of such substitute feeds require systematic research. This study aims to explore the impact of beef liver, as a substitute for frozen fish, on the nutritional and flavor profiles of crabs. Two feeding modes were established: a group fed entirely with fresh ice fish and a group fed entirely with frozen beef liver. Comparative trials were conducted under identical rearing conditions. Results revealed that the crabs in the fresh ice fish group significantly outperformed those in the beef liver group in terms of free amino acids, pigment content, and flavor characteristics (P &lt; 0.05). Specifically, the contents of free amino acids and astaxanthin, lutein, zeaxanthin, canthaxanthin, and β-carotene in the fresh ice fish group was significantly higher than those in the beef liver group (P &lt; 0.05). The results of electronic nose and electronic tongue analysis indicated that the odor and taste characteristics of the fresh ice fish group were more diverse. Texture analysis demonstrated that the texture of the hepatopancreas in the fresh ice fish group was relatively thin, whereas that in the beef liver group was more viscous. This study found that beef liver underperforms frozen fish in enhancing crab flavor, indicating it cannot fully replace frozen fish as crab - fattening feed.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":8103,"journal":{"name":"Aquaculture Reports","volume":"43 ","pages":"Article 102957"},"PeriodicalIF":3.2,"publicationDate":"2025-06-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144502113","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Effects of different protein and lipid levels on the growth performance, intestinal health and intestinal microflora of pikeperch (Sander lucioperca) juvenile","authors":"Jie Zhao ,&nbsp;Yang Liu ,&nbsp;Zhipeng Sun ,&nbsp;Liansheng Wang ,&nbsp;Ze Fan ,&nbsp;Tianqi Liu ,&nbsp;Kexin Zhang ,&nbsp;Yihua Xu ,&nbsp;Xianhu Zheng ,&nbsp;Cuiyun Lu","doi":"10.1016/j.aqrep.2025.102945","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.aqrep.2025.102945","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>A 2 × 3 factorial (protein: 51 %, 54 %; lipid: 12 %, 15 %, 18 %) experiment was conducted to investigate the effects of feed protein and lipid levels on growth, intestinal health, and intestinal microflora of the pikeperch juvenile. During the 8-week experiment, the 2700 pikeperch (1.00 ± 0.15 g) were chosen and randomly divided into six treatments with three replicates in each treatment. At the 51 % protein level, pikeperch juvenile exhibited optimal growth performance at the 18 % lipid level. The expression levels of <em>il-1β</em> and <em>tnf-β</em> in intestine were increased, meanwhile the expression levels of <em>il10</em> and <em>tgf-β</em> were decreased with the increase of dietary lipid level. Intestinal barrier function was also affected by dietary lipid levels, the expression levels of <em>occludin-a</em>, <em>occludin-b</em>, and <em>zo-2</em> increased with the increase of dietary lipid level. Additionally, the abundance of <em>Leuconostoc</em>, <em>Pediococcus</em>, and <em>Lactococcus</em> increased with increasing dietary lipid level. At the 54 % protein level, pikeperch juvenile achieved optimal growth performance at the 15 % lipid level. The expression of <em>il-1β</em> and <em>tnf-β</em> was lowest, meanwhile <em>il10</em> and <em>tgf-β</em> expression was highest at the 15 % lipid level, significantly exceeding that of the 18 % lipid group. The expression of <em>occludin-a</em> decreased with increasing lipid levels, while <em>occludin-b</em> and <em>zo-2</em> expression was highest at the 15 % lipid level. Intestinal microflora analysis indicated that at the 15 % lipid level, the abundance of <em>Leuconostoc</em>, <em>Pediococcus</em>, <em>Lactococcus</em> was greatest. When the protein level of the feed was 51 % and the lipid level was 18 %, the growth performance of juvenile pikeperch was the best, and there was no obvious tissue damage or inflammatory response. The structure of the intestinal microflora was also relatively stable, indicating that the optimal protein and lipid levels for juvenile pikeperch were 51 % and 18 %, respectively.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":8103,"journal":{"name":"Aquaculture Reports","volume":"43 ","pages":"Article 102945"},"PeriodicalIF":3.2,"publicationDate":"2025-06-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144481455","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}