Aquaculture Reports最新文献

{"title":"Dual mechanisms of G3 against Vibrio parahaemolyticus in shrimp aquaculture","authors":"Cuixia Chen ,&nbsp;Yangyang Ge ,&nbsp;Qilong Gu ,&nbsp;Tianling Wang ,&nbsp;Yanyan Yang ,&nbsp;Jinpeng Hu ,&nbsp;Kang Gao ,&nbsp;Xing Zhou ,&nbsp;Hui Li","doi":"10.1016/j.aqrep.2025.102631","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.aqrep.2025.102631","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Bacterial diseases mainly caused by <em>Vibrio</em> species pose a serious threat to shrimp aquaculture and lead to the sudden mass mortalities and huge economics losses. The unfavorable side effects and emergence of superbugs in traditional antibiotic treatment makes development of excellent antibacterial agents especially urgent. Antimicrobial peptides (AMPs), which usually have high antibacterial activity and low potential to induce bacterial resistance, are considered as the promising alternatives to conventional antibiotics. However, their anti-<em>Vibrio</em> mechanisms have not yet reached a consensus. In this study, a pathogenic <em>Vibrio</em> strain was isolated from the cultured shrimp and was identified as <em>Vibrio parahaemolyticus</em> UPC-1 (<em>V. Parahaemolyticus</em> UPC-1). Studies showed that G3 efficiently protected shrimp from <em>V. Parahaemolyticus</em> UPC-1 infection through two independent ways. In one way, G3 balanced the bacterial community of shrimp gut by selectively killing the pathogenic <em>Vibrio</em> bacteria. In the other way, G3 markedly reduced the robust inflammation effects induced by <em>Vibrio</em> infection. Such efficient anti-<em>Vibrio</em> activity of G3 endows it great potential in the treatment of <em>Vibrio</em> infections in shrimp aquaculture.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":8103,"journal":{"name":"Aquaculture Reports","volume":"40 ","pages":"Article 102631"},"PeriodicalIF":3.2,"publicationDate":"2025-01-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143143101","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The proposed protein and carbohydrate ingredients and the acceptance of moist feed by newly hatched Bigfin reef squid (Sepioteuthis lessoniana)","authors":"Natthawut Chanlek ,&nbsp;Jirapan Satjarak ,&nbsp;Yuzuru Ikeda ,&nbsp;Nutt Nuntapong ,&nbsp;Karun Thongprajukaew","doi":"10.1016/j.aqrep.2025.102640","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.aqrep.2025.102640","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Bigfin reef squid (<em>Sepioteuthis lessoniana</em>) begin to consume non-living food at least 20 days after hatching while they do not accept artificial diet during early phase of post-hatching. This prevents feasibility from economical aquaculture for this squid. The same situation exists for other squids as well. Here, thirty sources of protein and seven of carbohydrate were tested for <em>in vitro</em> digestibility using digestive enzymes from viscera of Bigfin reef squid. Suitable protein ingredients included the meat of blue swimming crab, catfish, emperor fish, Indian anchovy, Indian mackerel, Nile tilapia, Pacific white shrimp, striped catfish, trash fish and yellow-stripe scad. Suitable carbohydrate sources were corn starch, potato starch and rice flour. These ingredients might be included in an artificial diet for rearing Bigfin reef squid. Based on <em>in vivo</em> preliminary investigation, we first report eight-day-old Bigfin reef squid accepted moist feed produced from red emperor fish (<em>Lutjanus sebae</em>), striped catfish (<em>Pangasianodon hypophthalmus</em>) and Pacific white shrimp (<em>Litopenaeus vannamei</em>) in a 1:1:1 (w/w/w) ratio. The squid accepted the feed on the first day of training. Subsequently, the rate of acceptance increased, and reached 100 % on day 4. Latency-to-seizure of feed decreased on days 3 and 4 relative to the first two days of training. Based on our investigations, feeding Bigfin reef squid by moist feed might be possible. Considering the unique feeding habits compared to other cephalopod species, tailored feeding programs would be required.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":8103,"journal":{"name":"Aquaculture Reports","volume":"40 ","pages":"Article 102640"},"PeriodicalIF":3.2,"publicationDate":"2025-01-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143143100","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Effects of different temperatures on sex differentiation and critical thermosensitive period of little yellow croaker (Larimichthys polyactis)","authors":"Jing-Ye Feng ,&nbsp;Ze-Hui Wang ,&nbsp;Fu-Liang Wei ,&nbsp;Min Yu ,&nbsp;Ting Ye ,&nbsp;Chu-Nan Wu ,&nbsp;Feng Liu ,&nbsp;Dan-Dan Guo ,&nbsp;Bao Lou ,&nbsp;Qing-Ping Xie","doi":"10.1016/j.aqrep.2025.102622","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.aqrep.2025.102622","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>This study aimed to determine the thermosensitive period and effect of temperature on sex differentiation in <em>L. polyactis</em>. The results showed that the male-biased sex ratio was 50.9, 57.8, and 97.9 % in the 18, 24, and 31℃ groups at 90 days post-fertilization (dpf), respectively. Additionally, eggs, larvae, or juvenile fish were transferred from untreated water to 18 and 31℃ every 6 – 9 days from 0 to 55 dpf to clarify the thermosensitive period. The results demonstrated that the critical thermosensitive period was 19 – 25 dpf and the male-biased ratio reached 77.8 %. Exposure to 31℃ resulted in 74.1 and 69.6 % male-biased ratios during the 25 – 31 and 31 – 37 dpf periods, respectively, after the critical thermosensitive period. Histological observations indicated that long-term exposure of juvenile fish to 31℃ induced oocytes and/or ovary degeneration, followed by sex reversal to the testis. This study demonstrates that the sex differentiation of <em>L. polyactis</em> is significantly affected by high temperatures during the thermosensitive period and provides basic information on the sex differentiation of <em>L. polyactis</em>. It also provides a theoretical foundation for the sex-controlled breeding of <em>L. polyactis</em>.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":8103,"journal":{"name":"Aquaculture Reports","volume":"40 ","pages":"Article 102622"},"PeriodicalIF":3.2,"publicationDate":"2025-01-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143143099","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Differential expressed genes (DEGs) and differential alternative splicing genes (DASs) revealed the common pathologic mechanism of three bacterial pathogens to American eels (Anguilla rostrata)","authors":"Zihao Chen ,&nbsp;Guanghua Sun ,&nbsp;Songlin Guo","doi":"10.1016/j.aqrep.2025.102632","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.aqrep.2025.102632","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div><em>Edwardsiella anguillarum</em>, <em>Vibrio harveyi</em> and <em>Vibrio vulnificus</em> are three common bacterial pathogens in cultivated American eels (<em>Anguilla rostrata</em>), but the common pathologic mechanisms of these infections to eels are not well understood. In this study, we administered the LD₅₀ dose of <em>E. anguillarum</em> (Ea), <em>V. harveyi</em> (Vh) and <em>V. vulnificus</em> (Vv) to three groups of American eels. Subsequently, the pathological changes and RNA-seq analysis of the spleen were explored after 36 and 60 hours (h) of the infection. The results revealed two common pathological alterations of an increase in central melanin engulfing cells and the infiltration of red blood cells in the spleen after the infection of three bacterial pathogens. Compared to the Con group, result of the RNA-seq of six infected groups showed 2247 common differentially expressed genes (DEGs). Gene Ontology (GO) enrichment analysis identified 23 common terms and Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG) pathway analysis highlighted 18 common pathways. Furthermore, the analysis of differential alternative splicing genes (DASs) identified 332 common DASs across the six comparisons. These DASs predominantly enriched in five GO terms associated with “RNA processing” and “binding”, and they were also significantly associated with two KEGG pathways of “Spliceosome” and “NOD-like receptor signaling pathway”. Finally, the analysis of protein-protein interactions identified 72 out of 332 common DASs. This analysis also indicated that 7 DAS-encoded proteins in the American eel may play an essential role in the immune response against the three bacterial pathogens. Together, we report for the first time a comparative analysis of pathogenicity and RNA sequencing for <em>E. anguillarum</em>, <em>V. harveyi</em> and <em>V. vulnificus</em> in the American eel. This study provides new insights into the common pathological mechanisms of three bacterial pathogens, as revealed by histopathology, DEGs, and DASs.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":8103,"journal":{"name":"Aquaculture Reports","volume":"40 ","pages":"Article 102632"},"PeriodicalIF":3.2,"publicationDate":"2025-01-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143143098","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Qualitative and quantitative characteristics of black patch trait in Oujiang color common carp","authors":"Ke Jing ,&nbsp;Huifan Chen ,&nbsp;Nusrat Hasan Kanika,&nbsp;Penghui Zhang,&nbsp;Roland Nathan Mandal,&nbsp;Chunxiao Zeng,&nbsp;Zhiyi Zhang,&nbsp;Jun Wang,&nbsp;Chenghui Wang","doi":"10.1016/j.aqrep.2025.102619","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.aqrep.2025.102619","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The black patches in Oujiang color common carp (<em>Cyprinus carpio</em> var. <em>color</em>) encompasses both the formation of patches and their intricate color distribution, and has been considered as the qualitative trait. Using the crossing families of the two kinds of body color patterns in this carp, \"RB\" (red with big black patches) and \"WW\" (white body), we found Mendel's laws of inheritance patterns of black patches in Oujiang color common carp, suggesting the black patches would be controlled by single dominant gene and looked as a qualitative trait. The coverage ratio of the black patches (CRB) in the hybrid was found continuous and nearly normal distribution. Compared with the parent RB, the sizes of melanocytes were significantly smaller, but the number of melanocytes was significantly higher in the hybrid. The melanin layer under the epidermis (Ep) in the hybrid was nearly one-half of that in the parent RB. The melanin content and tyrosinase activity, melanin metabolic enzyme activity of the skin in the hybrid were in the middle between the parents RB and WW. Furthermore, the six relative gene expression levels of the melanogenesis pathway, <em>Ednrb</em>, <em>Tyr</em>, <em>Tyrp1</em>, <em>Mc1r</em>, <em>Kit</em> and <em>Asip</em>, in the skin of the hybrid were between the parent RB and WW. These results demonstrated that the black patches exhibits quantitative traits in nature. Gene editing on <em>Ednrb</em> by using the CRISPR/Cas9 system showed that the mutants displayed a significantly reduced number of black patches in comparison to the wild-type RB, accompanied by noticeably smaller melanocytes. Generally, our study uncovers the dual nature of the black patches: the presence of black patches is categorized as a qualitative trait, whereas the number of black patches is classified as a quantitative trait.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":8103,"journal":{"name":"Aquaculture Reports","volume":"40 ","pages":"Article 102619"},"PeriodicalIF":3.2,"publicationDate":"2025-01-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143143095","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Establishment of the first marine mollusk cell line from scallop (Chlamys farreri) trochophore","authors":"Zhenkui Qin ,&nbsp;Aichang Ji ,&nbsp;Meng Yan ,&nbsp;Danwen Liu ,&nbsp;Xixi Li ,&nbsp;Xiaoli Hu ,&nbsp;Zhifeng Zhang","doi":"10.1016/j.aqrep.2025.102626","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.aqrep.2025.102626","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Cell lines are indispensable tools in biological studies. Decades of attempts have failed to establish a cell line in marine mollusks, which contribute to 70 % of the mariculture production in China. In the present study, FBS, scallop serum, scallop ovarian extracts, and FeCl₃ were added to the L-15 basic medium to develop an optimized culture medium (L15-CFIIIFe) for culturing trochophore larval cells of <em>Chlamys farreri</em>, an important mariculture scallop in China. <em>C. farreri</em> trochophore larval (CfT) cells exhibited proliferative activity, and a CfT cell line was successfully established, which was passaged for 155 generations <em>in vitro</em>. The origin of the CfT cell line was verified as <em>C. farreri</em> using internal transcribed spacer (ITS) and 18 s rRNA gene amplification, genomic in situ hybridization (GISH), and karyotype analysis. The CfT cell line was a mixture of cells of three sizes (5–7, 9–12, and 18–22 μm), with a population doubling time of 75.6 h. Immunofluorescence detection of KLF4, c-MYC, MYOSIN, and 5-HT indicated that CfT cells may possess a certain degree of pluripotency. Four gene transfer methods were tested in the CfT cell line; however, the transfer efficiency (0.5 %-1 %) requires further optimization. We successfully established the first marine mollusk cell line, providing a valuable cellular tool for mollusk studies.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":8103,"journal":{"name":"Aquaculture Reports","volume":"40 ","pages":"Article 102626"},"PeriodicalIF":3.2,"publicationDate":"2025-01-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143143097","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A combined use of Panax ginseng extract and the probiotic, Lactobacillus plantarum in the diet of Asian seabass, Lates calcarifer: Effects on growth, immunity and survival after bacterial challenge","authors":"Xiaojie Hou ,&nbsp;Jianfeng Zhang ,&nbsp;Neda Behmagham ,&nbsp;Hamed Ghafarifarsani","doi":"10.1016/j.aqrep.2025.102629","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.aqrep.2025.102629","url":null,"abstract":"&lt;div&gt;&lt;div&gt;This study evaluated the effects of the probiotic &lt;em&gt;Lactobacillus plantarum&lt;/em&gt; (LAC-P) and powdered &lt;em&gt;Panax ginseng&lt;/em&gt; extract (GINS) on the growth, immunity, and survival of Asian seabass (&lt;em&gt;Lates calcarifer&lt;/em&gt;) following a &lt;em&gt;Streptococcus iniae&lt;/em&gt; infection. Eight groups were tested: control, LAC-P (1 × 10&lt;sup&gt;10&lt;/sup&gt; CFU &lt;em&gt;L. plantarum&lt;/em&gt; /100 g diet), varying doses of GINS (0.1 %, 0.5 %, 1 %), and combinations of LAC-P with these doses of GINS. All experiments were carried out in three replicates and fish (Mean weight: 25.3 ± 4.2 g) of all treatments fed for 60 days. After this feeding period, a challenge test was also done with &lt;em&gt;Streptococcus iniae&lt;/em&gt; over 14 days. The growth performance and digestive enzyme activities (trypsin, chymotrypsin, lipase) significantly improved in fish supplemented with LAC-P and LAC-P + GINS (0.1–1 %) (P &lt; 0.01). The treatment, LAC-P + GINS (1 %) showed highest performance, as a final weight, weight gain, specific growth rate and feed conversion ratio of 81.4 ± 4.1 g, 223.6 ± 7.3 %, 1.94 ± 0.07 % and 1.1 ± 0.02 respectively obtained for this treatment (P &lt; 0.01). This treatment also showed highest digestive enzyme activities for trypsin (5.2 ± 0.11 U/mg protein), chymotrypsin (3.9 ± 0.15 U/mg protein) and lipase (2.12 ± 0.04 U/mg protein) (P &lt; 0.01). The intestinal lactic acid bacteria with maximum load of 4.1 ± 0.5, 3.9 ± 0.5 and 3.6 ± 0.4 log CFU/g intestine at LAC-P + GINS treatments, increased, following the probiotic administration, while total bacterial count remained unchanged (P &lt; 0.01). The antioxidant enzyme activities in blood significantly increased in response to LAC-P, GINS (0.5–1 %) and their combinations compared to control (P &lt; 0.01). The highest activity of Superoxide dismutase (5.44 ± 0.62 U/mg), catalase (15.68 ± 1.04 U/mg) and glutathione peroxidase (14.5 ± 2.4 U/mg) was observed in LAC-P + GINS (1 %) treatment (P &lt; 0.01). Also, LAC-P and GINS alone and their combinations enhanced total antioxidant capacity (T-AOC), with highest-value for fish of LAC-P + GINS (1 %) (0.4 ± 0.05 U/mg protein) and LAC-P + GINS (0.5 %) (0.34 ± 0.04 U/mg protein) (P &lt; 0.01). The immune components of serum [total immunoglobulin (Ig), lysozyme (lyz), alternative complement activity (ACH&lt;sub&gt;50&lt;/sub&gt;), myeloperoxidase (MPO), nitroblue tetrazolium (NBT), total protein] and mucus [protease, Ig, alkaline phosphatase (ALP), Lyz] were mostly elevated in fish supplemented with LAC-P, GINS (1 %) and LAC-P + GINS (0.1–1 %) (P &lt; 0.01). The maximum elevations of immune components of serum (Ig: 6.5 ± 0.4 mg/ml, lyz: 180.6 ± 6.8 U/ml), ACH&lt;sub&gt;50&lt;/sub&gt;: 60.2 ± 5.06 U/ml, MPO: 4.24 ± 0.19 OD at 450 nm, NBT: 0.4.6 ± 0.03 OD at 620 nm and total protein: 4.1 ± 0.22 g/dl) and mucus (protease: 16.2 ± 2.4 U/ml, alkaline phosphatase: 4.9 ± 0.3 U/ml, Ig: 2.37 ± 0.2 mg/ml, lyz: 101.4 ± 5.09 U/ml) mostly were for LAC-P + GINS (1 %) treatment (P &lt; 0.01). Supplementation of fish","PeriodicalId":8103,"journal":{"name":"Aquaculture Reports","volume":"40 ","pages":"Article 102629"},"PeriodicalIF":3.2,"publicationDate":"2025-01-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143142741","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Rapid determination of the physiological temperature range for the giant freshwater prawn (Macrobrachium rosenbergii)","authors":"Meng-Li Tsai ,&nbsp;Tsen-Chien Chen ,&nbsp;Zi-Yan Chou ,&nbsp;Wen-Yi Wu","doi":"10.1016/j.aqrep.2025.102628","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.aqrep.2025.102628","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Current methods for determining the physiological temperature ranges of prawns rely more on the prawns’ external behavior than on their intrinsic physiology. However, detecting distress in benthic crustaceans, such as prawns, on the basis of external behavior is challenging because these organisms do not close their eyes, have expressionless faces, and often remain dormant with minimal body movement. To address this challenge, we developed a method for rapidly determining the physiological temperature range of giant freshwater prawn (<em>Macrobrachium rosenbergii</em>). This method helps determine the critical temperature limits, thermal tolerance range, pejus temperature, and optimal performance temperature without requiring large samples or extensive long-term behavioral observations. It assumes that the respiratory and circulatory systems respond to temperature changes in a coordinated manner. Electrophysiological methods are used to record the electrocardiogram of animals to convert heart rate; and the signals generated by scaphognathites rubbing electrodes during their movements are used to convert respiratory rate. These responses are measured to assess changes in scaphognathite and heart rates with temperature. On the basis of our findings, we propose the following salient physiological temperature ranges for the giant freshwater prawn: (1) upper and lower critical temperatures of 35°C and 15°C, respectively; (2) upper and lower pejus temperatures of 33°C and 19°C, respectively; and (3) optimal temperature range and optimal performance temperature of 24°C–28°C and 26°C, respectively. Our rapid and efficient method to determine the thermal tolerance and critical temperature limits of crustaceans, providing a tool for assessing physiological responses to temperature changes and informing aquaculture management.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":8103,"journal":{"name":"Aquaculture Reports","volume":"40 ","pages":"Article 102628"},"PeriodicalIF":3.2,"publicationDate":"2025-01-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143143096","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Study on the aquaculture capacity of whiteleg shrimp (Litopenaeus vannamei)-razor clam (Sinonovacula constricta) tandem mariculture pond","authors":"Chunpu Zhao ,&nbsp;Gege Bao ,&nbsp;Bocheng Mei ,&nbsp;Yunhui Luo ,&nbsp;Jilin Xu ,&nbsp;Shanliang Xu ,&nbsp;Danli Wang","doi":"10.1016/j.aqrep.2025.102625","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.aqrep.2025.102625","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Tandem aquaculture mode is an innovative and burgeoning approach in aquaculture, designed to enhance aquatic biological production while achieving zero discharge of aquaculture effluent. By optimizing aquaculture density, this mode can fully exploit its potential advantages. In this study, we constructed tandem culture ponds (a shrimp pond with an area of 8000 m² and a razor clam pond with an area of 4000 m²) in the coastal area, and the polyculture pond (with an area of 2600 m²) was used as the control. The experiment lasted a total of 317 days (including 32 days of shrimp culture), and initial stocking densities (razor clams: 487 ind/m², shrimp: 40 ind/m²) and sizes (razor clams: 0.19 ± 0.05 g, shrimp: 0.38 ± 0.08 g) remained consistent in both modes. Through monthly sampling, we estimated the carrying capacity of <em>Sinonovacula constricta</em> by Parsons T R &amp; Takahashi M Trophic Efficiency Method and Tait coastal waters energy flow analysis model. The carrying capacity of <em>Litopenaeus vannamei</em> was estimated by using models based on non-ionic ammonia emission standard and nitrogen emission standard. Results show that the carrying capacity of <em>S. constricta</em> estimated by the two models was 364 ind/m² and 427 ind/m² in the tandem culture pond, and the carrying capacity of <em>L. vannamei</em> estimated based on the two emission standards was 73 ind/m² and 64 ind/m². At the same time, it was estimated that the carrying capacity of <em>S. constricta</em> in the traditional polyculture pond was 88 ind/m² and 103 ind/m² respectively, and that of <em>L. vannamei</em> was 42 ind/m² and 31 ind/m² respectively. Converting the model results to yields, we found that both razor clam and shrimp yields were significantly higher (<em>p</em> &lt; 0.05) in the tandem culture mode (clams: 6.81 ± 0.38 kg/m², shrimp: 1.24 ± 0.06 kg/m²) than in the polyculture culture mode (clams: 0.77 ± 0.06 kg/m², shrimp: 0.47 ± 0.03 kg/m²). Accounting for yield, purchase price and pond area, we found that the economic benefits of the tandem culture mode (105.68 ± 1.92 CNY/m²) were also significantly higher (<em>p</em> &lt; 0.05) than those of the polyculture mode (37.16 ± 2.00 CNY/m²). In the following year, the average value estimated by the model was used as the stocking density for verification in tandem ponds and the polyculture pond. The results showed that the growth of cultured organisms and water quality in tandem culture ponds were better than those in the polyculture pond, and higher yields could be obtained. This study showed that the tandem culture mode has a higher aquaculture capacity compared with the traditional polyculture mode, thus producing greater ecological and economic benefits.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":8103,"journal":{"name":"Aquaculture Reports","volume":"40 ","pages":"Article 102625"},"PeriodicalIF":3.2,"publicationDate":"2025-01-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143143094","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Wheat flour as carbon source on water quality, growth performance, hemolymph biochemical and immune parameters of Pacific white shrimp (Penaeus vannamei) juveniles in biofloc technology (BFT)","authors":"Mohammad Hossein Khanjani ,&nbsp;Jamshid Eslami ,&nbsp;Maurício Gustavo Coelho Emerenciano","doi":"10.1016/j.aqrep.2025.102623","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.aqrep.2025.102623","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>This study examined how adding wheat flour (relative to daily feed) affected water quality, growth performance, body composition, hemolymph biochemical and immunity activities of <em>Penaeus vannamei</em>. In 5 experimental enclosures, pacific white shrimp juveniles weighing an average of 2.80 g were reared for 49 days at a density of 1 g/L. The experimental groups include a control group (without wheat flour, 35–50 %/day water exchange) and four biofloc treatments containing wheat flour in proportions of 25 % (WF25), 50 % (WF50), 75 % (WF75) and 100 % (WF100) of daily feed added in the water. The method of feeding and the type of feed was the same in all treatments. In the control group, the highest amounts of total ammonium nitrogen (TAN) (1.14 mg/L), nitrite (8.15 mg/L), and nitrate (3.60 mg/L) were observed (P &lt; 0.05). In biofloc WF50 and WF75 treatments, the highest body weight (9.09–9.18 g), feed efficiency (74.11–74.68 %) and survival rate (93.20–93.83 %) were obtained (P &lt; 0.05). Adding wheat flour to the rearing system improved the biochemical composition of shrimp bodies, so that the control group had the lowest level of protein (75.31 % DW), lipid (6.81 % DW), and ash (11.48 % DW) (P &lt; 0.05). With wheat flour added to the rearing system, shrimp hemolymph glucose and triglyceride levels increased, and the highest levels of glucose were obtained in treatments WF50 (41.33 mg/dL) and WF75 (42.0 mg/dL). Adding wheat flour to the rearing system increased shrimp hemolymph immune activity. The control group exhibited the lowest levels of lysozyme (19 u/mL/min) and phenoloxidase (0.41 u/mL). The results demonstrated that by adding wheat flour to the biofloc cultivation system (under the conditions of this study) in the amount of 50–75 % of the daily feed ration, the water quality, growth performance, feed efficiency, survival rate, hemolymph biochemical, and immunity activities of <em>P. vannamei</em> improved.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":8103,"journal":{"name":"Aquaculture Reports","volume":"40 ","pages":"Article 102623"},"PeriodicalIF":3.2,"publicationDate":"2025-01-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143142677","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}