Aquaculture Reports最新文献

{"title":"Effects of different co-feeding strategies on growth, body chemical composition, digestive enzymes, and expression of gh and igf-1 genes in Beluga sturgeon (Huso huso) larvae","authors":"Soheil Yousefi ,&nbsp;Majidreza Khoshkholgh ,&nbsp;Zabihollah Pajand ,&nbsp;Maryam Monsef Shokri ,&nbsp;Hamid Allaf Noveirian","doi":"10.1016/j.aqrep.2025.102812","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.aqrep.2025.102812","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>This study evaluates the effect of different feeding regimes on the growth performance, body composition, digestive enzyme activity, and the expression of growth-related genes of Beluga sturgeon (<em>Huso huso</em>) larvae. A total of 1200 larvae (mean weight 0.44 ± 0.01 g) were divided into four treatments and fed either with formulated diet only (FD) or a combination of formulated diet and live food including chironomids (CHFD), Artemia (ABFD), or both (MFD) for 42 days. The results indicated that, despite the higher weight gain (WG) and protein content of the FD group, it had the lowest survival rate (SR) as compared to other treatments (P &lt; 0.05). The CHFD treatment had the highest SR, condition factor, and higher WG than ABFD and MFD groups (P &lt; 0.05). The protein and lipid content increased significantly in FD and ABFD groups, respectively (P &lt; 0.05). The total fatty acids, MUFA, EPA/ARA, and n-3/n-6 ratios were also increased in all treatments at the end of the trial (P &lt; 0.05). DHA levels were also higher in CHFD and FD groups with no significant difference in PUFA between the groups (P &gt; 0.05). The results of digestive enzymes showed higher trypsin activity in CHFD and ABFD groups, which may suggest the adaptation of the fish to the formulated diet. Gene expression analysis revealed that <em>gh</em> levels were higher in FD and ABFD groups while <em>igf1</em> was up regulated in CHFD group (P &lt; 0.05). These findings suggest that using chironomids during the transition to a formulated diet in Beluga sturgeon larvae can significantly enhanced growth performance and survival, body composition, enzyme activity, and the expression of growth-related genes.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":8103,"journal":{"name":"Aquaculture Reports","volume":"42 ","pages":"Article 102812"},"PeriodicalIF":3.2,"publicationDate":"2025-04-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143823539","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Effects of soybean oligosaccharides on water quality and microbial community in biofloc systems","authors":"Huiying Ma ,&nbsp;Mengping Tian ,&nbsp;Rongfei Zhang ,&nbsp;Jianhua Zhao ,&nbsp;Qiyou Xu ,&nbsp;Ming Duan","doi":"10.1016/j.aqrep.2025.102798","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.aqrep.2025.102798","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The aim of this study was to investigate the effect of soybean oligosaccharides (SBOS) on water quality and microbial communities in biofloc systems. A mixture of starch and glucose (3:7) as a carbon source was used as the control group (Con), and the mixture was replaced with SBOS by 2.5 % (DD1), 5 % (DD2), 7.5 % (DD3), and 10 % (DD4) with C: N of 15 as the experimental group with a duration of 30 days. Results indicated that, compared with control group, the accumulation of nitrite nitrogen (NO_-2-N) was reduced in DD2, DD3, and DD4 by the 7th day (<em>P</em> &lt; 0.05)；the biofloc volume (FV) peaked in DD4 on the 14th day (<em>P</em> &lt; 0.05), and there was a significant reduction in nitrate nitrogen (NO_-3-N) accumulation in DD2 by the 28th day (<em>P</em> &lt; 0.05). In addition, compared with control group, the abundance of <em>Sphingobacterium, Deinococcus</em> was significantly decreased and <em>Bdellovibrio, Niveispirillum</em> was significantly increased in DD2 (<em>P</em> &lt; 0.05), the metabolic pathways related to transport, signal transduction and nucleotide metabolism was decreased, while metabolism of terpenoids and polyketides, lipid metabolism, and xenobiotics biodegradation and metabolism were increased in DD2 (<em>P</em> &lt; 0.05). In summary, 5 % SBOS as a carbon source in biofloc systems improved water quality, promoted the population of beneficial bacteria, and reduced the population of harmful bacteria. This study provides both theoretical and practical support for the application of SBOS in biofloc systems, promoting sustainable aquaculture growth and the well-being of aquatic environments.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":8103,"journal":{"name":"Aquaculture Reports","volume":"42 ","pages":"Article 102798"},"PeriodicalIF":3.2,"publicationDate":"2025-04-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143821311","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Single-cell protein as an alternative protein source in feed for juvenile sea cucumber","authors":"Jiayin Zhang ,&nbsp;Ning Chen ,&nbsp;Yongcui Sha ,&nbsp;Shanfei Fu ,&nbsp;Chao Li ,&nbsp;Qiang Xu ,&nbsp;Fei Gao ,&nbsp;Haiqing Wang","doi":"10.1016/j.aqrep.2025.102795","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.aqrep.2025.102795","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Single-cell protein (SCP) has a nutritional profile that is comparable to most conventional protein sources, and can be produced with a lower environmental footprint. Finding alternative and palatable protein sources for juvenile sea cucumber feed may address the issue of slow growth during this stage. To assess the efficiency of SCP as an alternative protein source for juvenile sea cucumbers <em>Stichopus monotuberculatus</em>, a study was conducted with five levels of single-cell protein replacement in the feed (0 %, 10 %, 15 %, 20 %, and 25 %) to evaluate its effects on growth performance, biochemical composition, digestive and immune enzyme activities. The results revealed that the optimal 15 % replacement of single-cell protein in the diet significantly improved the growth performance of <em>S. monotuberculatus</em>. This could be attributed to the enhanced immune enzyme activities resulting from the inclusion of single-cell protein, with the 15 % treatment showing the most significant increase in these values. The amino acid composition was similar across the treatments, but the ratio of essential amino acids increased with inclusion of single-cell protein. As the single-cell protein inclusion increased, the levels of polyunsaturated fatty acids, such as C18:2n-6, C20:2n-6, C20:4n-6 and C20:5n-3 also increased, especially C20:4n-6 and C20:5n-3. Similar to the control, the replacement with single-cell protein did not have adverse effects on the activities of pepsin, trypsin, and lipase. In conclusion, single-cell protein has positive impacts on the growth, feed conversion rate, the biochemical composition of <em>S. monotuberculatus</em> and its immune capacity, which indicates that the single-cell protein has the potential to replace fishmeal as a new effective protein for sea cucumber. We concluded that this SCP can be as a sustainable substitute, capable of replacing 15 % of protein in the diet of juvenile sea cucumber, positively promoting their performance.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":8103,"journal":{"name":"Aquaculture Reports","volume":"42 ","pages":"Article 102795"},"PeriodicalIF":3.2,"publicationDate":"2025-04-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143821147","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Evaluation of the enzymatic hydrolysis of sargassum mixed with fish protein hydrolysis product as an alternative protein source in shrimp feed, from the perspectives of growth performance, amino acid composition, antioxidant capacity and endoplasmic reticulum stress","authors":"Congcong Wang,&nbsp;Songming Chen,&nbsp;Jieyu Dai,&nbsp;Qiang Chen,&nbsp;Jinqi Xu,&nbsp;Yi Luo,&nbsp;Fen Dong,&nbsp;Jiteng Wang,&nbsp;Tao Han","doi":"10.1016/j.aqrep.2025.102813","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.aqrep.2025.102813","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>A study was conducted to evaluate the effect of enzymatic hydrolysis of sargassum mixed with fish protein hydrolysis product (named “SFPH” in the present study) as a substitute for fish meal in shrimp feed. Six isonitrogenous and isolipidic diets (SFPH was used to replace 0 %, 5 %, 10 %, 20 %, 30 % and 40 % of fish meal protein) were administered to <em>Litopenaeus vannamei</em> (initial body weight: 0.9 g) for 8 weeks. Results showed that SFPH can replace 30 % of fish meal without affecting the growth performance of shrimp. However, 40 % of SFPH substitution significantly inhibited the weight gain rate (WGR) and specific growth rate (SGR) of shrimp. SFPH substitution had little effect on the composition of fatty acids, but SFPH substitution significantly reduced the contents of histidine, phenylalanine, tyrosine and taurine in the whole shrimp body. SFPH improved the structure of shrimp hepatopancreas and muscle when no more than 20 % of the fish meal was replaced. However, 40 %SFPH substitution significantly disrupted the structure of hepatopancreas and muscle. SFPH substitution significantly affected the antioxidant capacity, as manifested by a gradual decrease in T-AOC activity. With respect to endoplasmic reticulum stress, 30 %SFPH and 40 %SFPH groups significantly increased the mRNA expression of <em>eif2α</em> and <em>bip</em>. In summary, SFPH can replace 30 % of fish meal protein in shrimp feed without affecting shrimp growth. However, when SFPH exceeds 30 %, it can easily induce oxidative stress and endoplasmic reticulum stress in the hepatopancreas.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":8103,"journal":{"name":"Aquaculture Reports","volume":"42 ","pages":"Article 102813"},"PeriodicalIF":3.2,"publicationDate":"2025-04-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143821310","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Neoclassical economic analysis of water exchange and recirculating aquaculture systems in shrimp farming","authors":"Yuzhen Wang ,&nbsp;Zhao Chen ,&nbsp;Jiajia Wang ,&nbsp;Zhiqiang Chang ,&nbsp;Shuangyong Zhang ,&nbsp;Gao Meng ,&nbsp;Jian Li","doi":"10.1016/j.aqrep.2025.102800","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.aqrep.2025.102800","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The shrimp farming industry, as one of the fastest-growing sectors within marine aquaculture, has played a significant role in improving China's food supply, promoting local economic development, and increasing farmers' incomes. In recent years, the factory farming model for shrimp in China has developed rapidly. To gain a deeper understanding of the various aquaculture technologies, we utilized bioeconomic methods to study the differences and economic efficiencies of different technologies in shrimp factory farming. The results indicate that water quality factors negatively impact shrimp weight, with interactions among them. The water exchange model significantly increases yield, while moderate recirculation intensity also has a positive effect. Economic analysis shows that a one-unit price increase leads to higher revenue: 1.33 units for the water exchange model and 1.16 units for moderate recirculation. The water exchange model yields a net profit of US$ 471.34 per hectare, with each additional weight unit adding 30.3 units to revenue. The recirculating water model generates US$ 124 per hectare, with each weight unit increasing revenue by 26.3 units. This provides relevant information for shrimp farming producers in their management decisions to improve both economic and ecological benefits.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":8103,"journal":{"name":"Aquaculture Reports","volume":"42 ","pages":"Article 102800"},"PeriodicalIF":3.2,"publicationDate":"2025-04-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143821309","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Effects of dietary sodium alginate and Lactobacillus reuteri on the growth, antioxidant capacity and intestinal health of largemouth bass (Micropterus salmoides)","authors":"Qing Kong ,&nbsp;Songyu Han ,&nbsp;Jiafa Yang ,&nbsp;Qiuwen Su ,&nbsp;Xu Jia ,&nbsp;Shanren Lan ,&nbsp;Guohong Xiao ,&nbsp;Dan Liu ,&nbsp;Paihuai Ouyang ,&nbsp;Huijuan Tang","doi":"10.1016/j.aqrep.2025.102811","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.aqrep.2025.102811","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Functional polysaccharides and probiotics are recognized for their ability to increase the growth and health of fish, but research on the combined impacts of these two compounds on aquatic organisms is limited. Hence, the aim of this study was to investigate the effects of single or complex sodium alginate and <em>Lactobacillus reuteri</em> on the growth, antioxidant status, immune function and intestinal health of largemouth bass (<em>Micropterus salmoides</em>). Four diets, CT for the control, SA for low molecular weight sodium alginate (10 g/kg), LR for <em>L. reuteri</em> (10⁸ CFU/g), and ALR for SA+LR, were used to feed the fish (initial body weight of 4.68 ± 0.03 g) for 60 days. Our results revealed that the fish feed conversion rates and viscerosomatic indices of the SA and ALR groups were significantly lower than those of the CT group; the SA, LR and ALR groups presented significantly greater whole-fish crude protein and protein efficiency, and the highest values were found in the LR and ALR groups. Compared with those in the CT group, the aminotransferase activity and blood lipid levels of fish in the LR and ALR groups decreased, liver antioxidant enzyme CAT level was increased, and the MDA level decreased. In addition, the LR and ALR groups presented significant increases in muscular thickness and villus height and improved immune status by increasing intestinal barrier integrity and decreasing proinflammatory cytokine expression. For the intestinal microbiota, the dietary LR and ALR groups presented increased abundances of Firmicutes and <em>Lactobacillus</em>. The abundances of Fusobacteria and <em>Cetobacterium</em> increased in the SA group. In summary, SA and LR promote intestinal health by increasing the antioxidant capacity, improving the abundance of beneficial intestinal flora, and decreasing the levels of intestinal proinflammatory factors, which ultimately promote the growth of largemouth bass.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":8103,"journal":{"name":"Aquaculture Reports","volume":"42 ","pages":"Article 102811"},"PeriodicalIF":3.2,"publicationDate":"2025-04-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143823440","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Expression of sex-related genes and effects of dmrt1 siRNA-silencing on sex differentiation in juvenile yellow perch","authors":"Ding-Kun Xie ,&nbsp;Han-Ping Wang ,&nbsp;Rafidah Othman ,&nbsp;Hong Yao ,&nbsp;Paul O’Bryant ,&nbsp;Dean Rapp","doi":"10.1016/j.aqrep.2025.102791","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.aqrep.2025.102791","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>In this study, we first sequenced the entire genome of the yellow perch (YP) and screened transcripts of gonadal, liver and brain tissues from fish of different sexes. By comparing known sex-related genes in fish such as <em>dmrt1</em> and <em>cyp19a1</em> with YP genome, we obtained full-length sequences through genomic homology analysis. Then an experiment was conducted to determine the effects of <em>dmrt1</em> siRNA-silencing on sex differentiation of juvenile YP. Transcriptome analysis showed that <em>dmrt1</em> were mainly expressed in gonad tissue with their levels being significantly higher in the male groups respectively comparing to each other; <em>foxl2</em> was dominantly expressed in gonads showing a significantly higher expression in big female groups than the male and small female groups. <em>cyp19a1</em> was dominantly expressed in gonads, while <em>cyp19a2</em> was dominantly expressed in brain, and both female groups exhibiting a significantly higher expression than the male groups. <em>sox9a</em> was mainly expressed in brain and gonad tissue with the male groups displaying a significantly higher expression in gonad than the female groups. For the <em>dmrt1-</em>siRNA interference experiment, a partial feminization of all-male fish was achieved despite administering the injection at a later stage of sex differentiation. The results showed that the <em>dmrt1</em> gene interference led to an 20 % increase in the female number and larger size in both males and females compared to the control group. The percentage of females in the experimental group significantly increased to 70.09 %, compared to the 46.79 % in the negative control group. The interference also exerted a detrimental effect on the process of sperm production and maturation. The expression level of <em>dmrt1</em> exhibited positive and negative correlations with body size of females and males, respectively. These findings suggest that <em>dmrt1</em> plays a crucial role directly or indirectly in the sex differentiation and growth regulation of YP.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":8103,"journal":{"name":"Aquaculture Reports","volume":"42 ","pages":"Article 102791"},"PeriodicalIF":3.2,"publicationDate":"2025-04-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143814931","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Integrated analysis of a miRNA-mRNA network related to immunity and metabolism in Macrobrachium rosenbergii infected with decapod iridescent virus 1","authors":"Yu-Kun Jie ,&nbsp;Jing-Wen Hao ,&nbsp;Cui Liu ,&nbsp;Jun-Jun Yan ,&nbsp;Tian-Tian Ye ,&nbsp;Ji-Lun Meng ,&nbsp;Yu-Tong Zheng ,&nbsp;Guo-Yuan Zou ,&nbsp;Hong-Tuo Fu ,&nbsp;Zhi-Min Gu","doi":"10.1016/j.aqrep.2025.102801","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.aqrep.2025.102801","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div><em>Macrobrachium rosenbergii</em> is a large, tropical freshwater crustacean species with considerable potential for commercial production. In recent years, infection with Decapod Iridescent Virus 1 (DIV1) in <em>M. rosenbergii</em> has been reported in aquaculture industries, causing high mortality and huge economic losses. MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are a type of RNA that regulate gene expression after transcription. However, the regulated mechanisms by which miRNAs influence the host-pathogen interactions in <em>M. rosenbergii</em> under DIV1 infection remain largely unexplored. In this study, hemocyte mRNA-seq and miRNA-seq analyses of <em>M. rosenbergii</em> under DIV1 infection were performed. Through high-throughput sequencing, we identified 2090 differentially expressed genes (DEGs) and 56 differentially expressed miRNAs (DEMs), predicting 289 differentially predicted target genes (DETGs) of the DEMs. GO and KEGG pathway enrichment analyses of the DETGs showed that multiple functional categories related to immunity and metabolism were found to be enriched, such as the PI3K-Akt signaling pathways, mTOR signaling pathway, HIF-1 signaling pathway, glycolysis signaling pathway, and tricarboxylic acid cycle. Further research suggests that PI3K-mediated immune responses may be activated by DEMs such as miR-236–5p, miR-130a-3p, and miR-365–5p, while metabolic reprogramming may be activated by DEMs such as miR-279–3p, miR-142–5p, and miR-705–5p. Moreover, we verified selected immune-related and metabolism-related mRNAs and miRNAs through qRT-PCR and confirmed the reliability of the RNA-seq results. Our study deepened the understanding of miRNA-regulated immune and metabolism responses in <em>M. rosenbergii</em> under DIV1 infection, laying the groundwork for further research on shrimp hemocyte antiviral responses and the development of new strategies for DIV1 prevention and treatment.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":8103,"journal":{"name":"Aquaculture Reports","volume":"42 ","pages":"Article 102801"},"PeriodicalIF":3.2,"publicationDate":"2025-04-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143814930","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"C-type lectin (SpCTL) through its binding to Spβ-integrin regulates antimicrobial peptide synthesis in mud crab (Scylla paramamosain) during Vibrio parahaemolyticus infection","authors":"Wei Yang ,&nbsp;Yuyong He ,&nbsp;Huifen Liang ,&nbsp;Junyuan Lin ,&nbsp;Ngoc Tuan Tran ,&nbsp;Zhinuo Du ,&nbsp;Ming Zhang ,&nbsp;Ruhan Chen ,&nbsp;Yuqing Zheng ,&nbsp;Xu Meng ,&nbsp;Shengkang Li","doi":"10.1016/j.aqrep.2025.102804","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.aqrep.2025.102804","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>C-type lectin (CTL) is a widespread pattern recognition receptor that recognizes and binds to pathogen-associated molecular patterns on the surface of pathogens and mediates a series of immune responses in animals. In this study, the mud crab <em>Sp</em>CTL cDNA was cloned and functionally characterized. Phylogenetic analysis showed that <em>Sp</em>CTL was closely related to <em>Eriocheir sinensis</em> with 81 % homology. The <em>Sp</em>CTL mRNA was expressed in hemocytes and hepatopancreas under infection with <em>Vibrio parahaemolyticus</em> (<em>Vp</em>), lipopolysaccharide (LPS), white spot syndrome virus (WSSV), or Poly I: C (PIC). Furthermore, the recombinant <em>Sp</em>CTL (r<em>Sp</em>CTL) protein was purified, and the antimicrobial activity of r<em>Sp</em>CTL was analyzed. The results showed that the r<em>Sp</em>CTL had an agglutination activity on <em>Staphylococcus aureus</em>, <em>Streptococcus b</em>, <em>Escherichia coli</em>, <em>Vp</em>, <em>Aeromonas hydrophila</em>, <em>Vibrio alginolyticus</em>, and <em>Saccharomyces cerevisiae</em> in the presence of calcium ions. r<em>Sp</em>CTL showed strong adhesion to <em>Streptococcus b</em>, <em>E. coli</em> and <em>V. alginolyticus</em>. Also, r<em>Sp</em>CTL revealed good bacteriostatic activity on <em>S. aureus</em>, <em>Streptococcus b</em>, <em>E. coli</em>, <em>Vp</em>, <em>A. hydrophila</em>, and <em>V. alginolyticus</em>, with a dose-dependent manner, but not on <em>S. cerevisiae</em>. Besides, the mass spectrometry results showed that the expression of <em>Sp</em>β-integrin and <em>Sp</em>flotillin-2 (<em>Sp</em>FLT-2) was significantly down-regulated at 6, 24, and 48 h when the expression of <em>Sp</em>CTL was knocked down by RNAi, whereas the change of FLT-2 was not significant (first up-regulated and then down-regulated) at 6 and 24 h. Our results found that under stimulation of <em>Vp</em>, <em>Sp</em>CTL recognizes the bacterium and binds to <em>Sp</em>β-integrin, which transmits signals into hemocyte and subsequently regulates the expression of antimicrobial peptides (<em>Sp</em>ALF1, <em>Sp</em>ALF3–5) and protects mud crabs from infection. Collectively, the results indicate that <em>Sp</em>CTL has agglutination, bacteriostatic, and adhesion activities. <em>Sp</em>CTL play an important role in the innate immunity of mud crabs.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":8103,"journal":{"name":"Aquaculture Reports","volume":"42 ","pages":"Article 102804"},"PeriodicalIF":3.2,"publicationDate":"2025-04-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143814929","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The adaptive mechanism of Ctenopharyngodon idellus to dietary lipid levels: Insights from microbiota-mediated bile acid enterohepatic circulation","authors":"Jingjing Lu ,&nbsp;Jiming Jin ,&nbsp;Libin He ,&nbsp;Wenshu Liu ,&nbsp;Liyun Ding ,&nbsp;Mo Peng ,&nbsp;Liu Fang ,&nbsp;Lingya Li ,&nbsp;Yuzhu Wang ,&nbsp;Yanqiang Tang ,&nbsp;Haihong Xiao ,&nbsp;Siming Li ,&nbsp;Xiaoze Guo","doi":"10.1016/j.aqrep.2025.102796","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.aqrep.2025.102796","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Dietary lipid intake can dramatically alter the host microbiota and bile acids (BAs) metabolism. To explore the effect of endogenous BAs and intestinal microorganisms in the adaptive mechanism of grass carp (<em>Ctenopharyngodon idellus</em>) to different dietary lipid levels, triplicate groups of grass carp were fed three isonitrogenous diets with low (2 %), normal (6 %) and high (10 %) lipid levels and named group E2, E6 and E10, respectively. Results showed that a 6 % dietary lipid level was optimal for achieving the maximum growth performance and maintaining the liver health state of grass carp. The levels of glucose (GLU), high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C), and malonaldehyde (MDA), along with the activities of acetyl-coA carboxylase (ACC), carnitine palmitoyl-transferase 1 (CPT1), fatty acid binding protein (FABP) and fatty acid transport protein (FATP) were significantly lower in fish that fed diet E2 than those that fed diet E6 (<em>P</em> &lt; 0.05). The activities of acid phosphatase (ACP), alkaline phosphatase (AKP), glutamic oxalacetic transaminase (GOT) and glutamic-pyruvic transaminase (GPT) were significantly higher in fish fed diet E10 than in those fed diet E6 (<em>P</em> &lt; 0.05). While there were no notable differences in the activities of lipid metabolism-related enzymes between fish fed diets E6 and E10 (<em>P</em> &gt; 0.05), fish fed diet E10 exhibited a greater presence of vacuoles and lipid buildup in the liver compared to fish on diet E6. In the gallbladder, the levels of multiple BAs in fish that were given diet E2 were considerably lower than those in fish that received diet E6. However, the intestinal contents of fish that were given diet E2 showed significantly higher levels of multiple BAs than those on diet E6, while fish on diet E10 exhibited the opposite pattern. Additionally, fish fed diet E6 showed a higher presence of <em>Fusobacterium</em> and <em>Cetobacterium</em>, while the ratio of Proteobacteria decreased. Furthermore, multiple BAs were positively correlated with lactic acid bacteria-related genera from Firmicutes and a significant negative correlation with dietary lipid levels. These findings indicated that microbial-mediated bile acid hepatoenteric circulation plays an important role in the adaptive mechanism of fish to different dietary lipid levels, and it is expected to be an important intervention target for lipid metabolism disorders of grass carp.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":8103,"journal":{"name":"Aquaculture Reports","volume":"42 ","pages":"Article 102796"},"PeriodicalIF":3.2,"publicationDate":"2025-04-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143792424","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}