Aquaculture Reports最新文献

{"title":"Growth, fatty acid composition, and fillet quality of largemouth bass (Micropterus salmoides) fed soybean oil and cottonseed oil diets","authors":"Yangyang Liu ,&nbsp;Min Xue ,&nbsp;Frédéric Francis ,&nbsp;Rudy Caparros Megido ,&nbsp;Jie Wang ,&nbsp;Hao Wang ,&nbsp;Xiaofang Liang","doi":"10.1016/j.aqrep.2025.102938","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.aqrep.2025.102938","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>A two-factor feeding trial evaluated the effects of soybean oil (SO) and cottonseed oil (CO), at 50 % or 100 % dietary lipid inclusion on growth, lipid metabolism, and fillet quality in largemouth bass (<em>Micropterus salmoides</em>). A total of 120 fish (51.66 ± 0.01 g) were assigned to four groups: SO50, CO50, SO100, CO100. All diets contained 30.2 % fishmeal, with approximately 0.8 % n-3 long-chain polyunsaturated fatty acids (n-3 LC-PUFA). SO diets had higher α-linolenic acid (ALA) level than CO. Growth performance was significantly affected by oil sources, with CO, particularly CO100, causing reduced final body weight (FBW), weight gain (WG) and specific growth rate (SGR), and higher feed conversation ratio (FCR). CO supplementation significantly reduced plasma triglycerides (TG), total cholesterol (TC) and low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C) and hepatic TG, corresponding with elevated adipose triglyceride lipase (<em>atgl</em>) expression and phosphorylated AMP-activated protein kinase (p-AMPK) levels. Fillet quality parameters also changed, with decreased water holding capacity (WHC), increased pH at 100 % vegetable oil inclusion, and improved textural properties (cohesiveness, gumminess, and chewiness) in CO diets. Although dietary ALA and desaturase gene expressions were higher in the SO groups, the n-3 LC-PUFA content in muscle and liver, as well as hepatic fatty acid desaturase (FADS) activities, did not differ significantly from those in the CO groups. In conclusion, the lack of ALA in CO, combined with limited n-3 LC-PUFA conversion capacity and the elevated lipid catabolism, particularly in the CO100 group, contributed to the inferior growth performance in largemouth bass.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":8103,"journal":{"name":"Aquaculture Reports","volume":"43 ","pages":"Article 102938"},"PeriodicalIF":3.2,"publicationDate":"2025-06-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144321275","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Dietary chlorogenic acid supplementation to alleviate intestinal damage in juvenile American eel (Anguilla rostrata) under histamine stress","authors":"Guo-He Cai ,&nbsp;Zi-Yan Hu ,&nbsp;Yi-Tong Guo ,&nbsp;Zhi-Xue Guo ,&nbsp;Yun-Zhang Sun ,&nbsp;Shao-Wei Zhai","doi":"10.1016/j.aqrep.2025.102946","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.aqrep.2025.102946","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Eels (<em>Anguilla spp.</em>) are carnivorous fish with high protein requirements. A major challenge in eel aquaculture is the use of low-cost red fishmeal, which, due to its high histamine content, causes slow growth, reduced immunity and intestinal damage in eels, rendering it unsuitable as a replacement for white fishmeal. Chlorogenic acid (CGA), a natural polyphenol with antioxidant and anti-inflammatory properties, has been shown in rodent and pig studies to enhance gut barrier integrity, reduce intestinal inflammation, and promote growth. This study utilized the juvenile American eel (<em>Anguilla rostrata</em>), a major aquaculture species in China, as the experimental model. A total of 264 juvenile eels (initial weight: 14.33 ± 0.57 g) were randomly assigned to four treatment groups: CON (control, basal diet), H (basal diet + 650 mg/kg histamine), H + CGA200 (H + 200 mg/kg CGA), and H + CGA600 (H + 600 mg/kg CGA). The results indicated that compared to the H group, the CGA supplementation groups exhibited significantly improved growth performance (FBW, WGR, SGR, FR) and serum immune parameters (IgM, C3) (<em>P</em> &lt; 0.05). Intestinal health assessments revealed that CGA suppressed the expression of histamine receptor gene hrh1 under histamine-induced stress (<em>P</em> &lt; 0.05), reduced the expression of pro-inflammatory genes (NF-κB, IL-6, TNF-α, IFN-γ) (<em>P</em> &lt; 0.05), and increased the activity of intestinal protease and lipase (<em>P</em> &lt; 0.05). Furthermore, CGA improved intestinal morphology, modulated the gut microbiota structure, and increased the abundance of beneficial bacteria (<em>P</em> &lt; 0.05). These findings suggest that 200 mg/kg CGA can mitigate the negative effects of high histamine in fishmeal on eel growth, intestinal health and Immune function, could be used as an additive in red fishmeal to reduce aquaculture costs.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":8103,"journal":{"name":"Aquaculture Reports","volume":"43 ","pages":"Article 102946"},"PeriodicalIF":3.2,"publicationDate":"2025-06-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144331204","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Shell color and growth traits share the same major locus in Cyclina sinensis","authors":"Hengde Li ,&nbsp;Xiaodong Ma ,&nbsp;Yaqun Zhang ,&nbsp;Feng Xu ,&nbsp;Donghao Li ,&nbsp;Jingxian Huang ,&nbsp;Xiangshan Sun","doi":"10.1016/j.aqrep.2025.102927","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.aqrep.2025.102927","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The clam (<em>Cyclina Sinensis</em>) is an important economic marine mollusk in China. Its shell typically exhibited purple and white colors, with consumers showing a preference for the purple variety. Notably, clams with purple shells are generally larger than those with white shell. Shell color is a qualitative trait, but no evident dominant/recessive relationship has been identified, posing challenges for selecting large, pure purple clams. In this study, we explored genome-wide genetic markers using genotyping by sequencing (GBS) method, and conducted genetic analyses for shell color and growth traits. The results indicated that growth traits were highly correlated both genetically and phenotypically. Two loci associated with clam shell color were identified, and shell color was significantly associated with growth traits, as they share the same major locus. The interactions between these loci suggest potential benefits and utilization methods in breeding practices.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":8103,"journal":{"name":"Aquaculture Reports","volume":"43 ","pages":"Article 102927"},"PeriodicalIF":3.2,"publicationDate":"2025-06-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144320792","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Effects of branched-chain amino acids on starvation-induced macroautophagy and chaperone-mediated autophagy in common carp (Cyprinus carpio)","authors":"Xianglin Cao ,&nbsp;Yi Guo ,&nbsp;Xue Shao ,&nbsp;Xinyu Ji ,&nbsp;Lulu Li ,&nbsp;Jiameng Zhou ,&nbsp;Jianjun Chen","doi":"10.1016/j.aqrep.2025.102932","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.aqrep.2025.102932","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Most fish experience starvation stress during overwintering, typically resulting in excessive protein degradation and muscle atrophy. Branched-chain amino acids (BCAAs), are important substrates for protein synthesis and play active roles in promoting muscle growth. Although BCAAs have received widespread attention for their role in autophagy regulation, their ability to alleviate starvation-induced damage via macroautophagy and chaperone-mediated autophagy (CMA) pathways remains unclear. In this study, common carp were starved for 7 or 14 days, then administered BCAAs alone via gavage at 1.25 g/kg for 14 days. Starvation induced muscle atrophy and autophagy-related structural changes in carp muscle. Supplementation with BCAAs helped restore normal tissue morphology. Macroautophagy-related (<em>atg4b</em>, <em>atg12</em>, and <em>lc3</em>) and CMA-related (<em>hsp70</em> and <em>lamp2a</em>) gene expression was upregulated under starvation conditions. These genes were downregulated after supplementation with BCAAs, whereas <em>p62</em> and <em>gfap</em> showed the opposite trend. At the protein level, LC3-II, lysosome-associated membrane protein 2A (LAMP2A), and heat shock protein 70 (HSP70) were upregulated after starvation and downregulated after supplementation with BCAAs, but P62 showed the opposite trend. In addition, branched-chain amino acid transaminase (BCAT) and branched-chain ketoacid dehydrogenase (BCKDH) enzyme activity assays revealed that supplementation with BCAAs significantly increased amino acid metabolism. Overall, supplementation with BCAAs reduced macroautophagy and CMA levels in carp muscle tissues during starvation stress, and enhanced metabolic utilization of BCAAs. This study provides valuable insights for developing nutritional strategies to reduce starvation-induced muscle atrophy. These findings may help improve fish health and flesh quality during overwintering or feed restriction in aquaculture.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":8103,"journal":{"name":"Aquaculture Reports","volume":"43 ","pages":"Article 102932"},"PeriodicalIF":3.2,"publicationDate":"2025-06-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144321273","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Different growth responses to feed ration levels in two freshwater turtle juveniles, the Chinese three-keeled pond turtle Mauremys reevesii and the red-eared slider Trachemys scripta elegans","authors":"Changyi Zhang,&nbsp;Shufen Jiang,&nbsp;Xinyue Liu,&nbsp;Siting Zhong,&nbsp;Wenyi Zhang","doi":"10.1016/j.aqrep.2025.102931","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.aqrep.2025.102931","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Turtle aquaculture is a rapidly expanding industry whereas the knowledge about the feed ration-dependent growth performances of turtles is limited. The present study investigated growth performance, physiological changes, and alterations in gut microbiota at gradient daily feed rations in two turtle juveniles, the Chinese three-keeled pond turtle <em>Mauremys reevesii</em> and the red-eared slider <em>Trachemys scripta elegans</em>. During 14 days of feeding, the feed rations exceeding 1 % body mass induced the rapid growth of both two turtles. The growth rates further increased at the feed ration of 2.5 % body mass in <em>T. scripta elegans</em>, but not in <em>M. reevesii</em>. Increased feed rations enhanced glucose metabolism in the liver of <em>T. scripta elegans</em> and the muscle of <em>M. reevesii</em>, respectively. Fatty acid metabolism was activated in both two turtles and protein metabolism was enhanced in <em>M. reevesii</em>. Accumulated triglyceride or protein was observed in the liver of <em>T. scripta elegans</em> and the muscle of <em>M. reevesii</em>. The regulation of succinate dehydrogenase and insulin-like growth factor 2 may relate to these processes. Raised feed rations changed redox homeostasis and decreased immune function in <em>M. reevesii</em>. High feed rations increased gut pathogens in <em>M. reevesii</em> whereas increased the probiotic <em>Lactobacillus</em> in the gut of <em>T. scripta elegans</em>. These interspecific differences may contribute to the different growth performances between these two turtle species under high food availability. Our results provide information for feed management and optimizing feeding efficiency in turtle aquaculture, and can guide the potential strategies to improve the growth performance of freshwater turtles.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":8103,"journal":{"name":"Aquaculture Reports","volume":"43 ","pages":"Article 102931"},"PeriodicalIF":3.2,"publicationDate":"2025-06-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144314150","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Maternal supplementation with selenium nanoparticles enhances reproductive outcomes and larval quality in Asian seabass (Lates calcarifer) by influencing gene expression and physiological parameters","authors":"Seyed Ali Khorasaninasab ,&nbsp;Saeed Keyvanshokooh ,&nbsp;Mansour Torfi Mozanzadeh ,&nbsp;Ahmad Ghasemi ,&nbsp;Mahdi Naderi ,&nbsp;Samira Nazemroaya","doi":"10.1016/j.aqrep.2025.102933","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.aqrep.2025.102933","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Selenium plays vital roles in antioxidant defense, immune function, and reproductive physiology in vertebrates. This study evaluated the impacts of dietary selenium nanoparticles (SeNPs) on reproductive outcomes, steroidogenesis, vitellogenesis, and larval quality in female Asian seabass (<em>Lates calcarifer</em>), by influencing gene expression, antioxidant capacity, hormone levels, and reproductive indices. Female broodfish (n = 12; 1990 ± 120 g) were fed either a basal diet (control) or a basal diet supplemented with 2 mg SeNPs/kg (SeNPs-2) for 120 days before spawning. Supplementation with SeNPs significantly (<em>P</em> &lt; 0.05) increased Se deposition in the liver, ovary, and larvae, enhancing antioxidant capacity (glutathione peroxidase and reduced-glutathione), and reducing oxidative stress marker (malondialdehyde; MDA) in both broodfish and offspring. The expression levels of genes involved in steroidogenesis (<em>star</em>, <em>P450scc</em>, and <em>3β-hsd</em>) and vitellogenesis (<em>zp2 and vtg</em>) were upregulated in the ovary or liver of the SeNPs-2 group (<em>P</em> &lt; 0.05). Despite comparable serum testosterone and estradiol levels (<em>P</em> &gt; 0.05), broodfish fed the SeNPs-2 diet exhibited significantly (<em>P</em> &lt; 0.05) lower progesterone levels, and lower serum cholesterol and triglyceride levels. Reproductive performance, as indicated by spawning frequency, relative fecundity, fertilization rate, and hatching rate, was significantly (<em>P</em> &lt; 0.05) improved in the SeNPs-2 group. Larvae descending from the SeNPs-fed broodfish exhibited higher expression of growth-promoting genes (<em>GH</em> and <em>IGF-I</em>), larger body size, and better developmental traits than those from the control group. These findings suggest that dietary SeNP supplementation positively influences Se bioavailability, gene expression, reproductive efficiency, and larval quality in <em>L. calcarifer</em>. SeNPs represent a promising nutritional strategy for optimizing broodstock performance and enhancing offspring quality in aquaculture.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":8103,"journal":{"name":"Aquaculture Reports","volume":"43 ","pages":"Article 102933"},"PeriodicalIF":3.2,"publicationDate":"2025-06-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144306444","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Using orthogonal array design (L9) for optimization of selected dietary supplements (vitamin C, astaxanthin, and soybean lecithin) in Caspian trout (Salmo caspius) broodstocks","authors":"Faraz Panjvini ,&nbsp;Kourosh Sarvi Moghanlou ,&nbsp;Raheleh Tahmasebi ,&nbsp;Ahmad Imani","doi":"10.1016/j.aqrep.2025.102935","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.aqrep.2025.102935","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The present study was designed to evaluate the effects of different dietary supplements on the reproductive and physiological performance of Caspian trout (<em>Salmo caspius</em>) using an orthogonal array design (L9: 3³). For this purpose, 72 broodstock (with an average body weight of 2.5 kg) were fed nine experimental diets containing three levels of vitamin C (VC); 0, 300 and 700 mg/kg diet, astaxanthin (AX); 0, 50 and 100 mg/kg diet and soybean lecithin (SBL); 0, 6 and 9 % for 16 weeks prior to spawning. Higher absolute and relative fecundity, and fertilization rates were observed in fish fed diets containing AX ₍₁₀₀₎ + SBL _{(%6 and %9)} and VC ₍₇₀₀₎ + SBL _{(%6 and %9)}, respectively, compared to the control group (<em>p</em> &lt; 0.05). The fatty acid, VC and AX contents of fish eggs were also significantly affected by the dietary supplements (<em>p</em> &lt; 0.05). Innate immunity indices (serum lysozyme activity, alternative complement, and total immunoglobulin content) showed significant differences (<em>p</em> &lt; 0.05) among the experimental groups and their highest levels were observed in fish fed with VC ₍₃₀₀₎ + SBL _(%9) supplemented diet. In addition, fish fed the diets containing AX ₍₁₀₀₎ + SBL _(%9) and VC ₍₇₀₀₎ + SBL _(%6) revealed higher serum antioxidant enzyme activity (superoxide dismutase, catalase, and glutathione peroxidase) compared to other experimental groups (<em>p</em> &lt; 0.05). In conclusion, VC _300/700 + AX _{100 +} SBL _(9 %) was an effective combination of dietary supplements for improving the reproductive and physiological responses of Caspian trout.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":8103,"journal":{"name":"Aquaculture Reports","volume":"43 ","pages":"Article 102935"},"PeriodicalIF":3.2,"publicationDate":"2025-06-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144306370","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Aquaculture performance of artificial interspecific backcross groups between the hybrid of Crassostrea hongkongensis × C. ariakensis and the two parental species","authors":"Yanping Qin ,&nbsp;Qinggan Xing ,&nbsp;Xingyou Li ,&nbsp;Jiangwei Li ,&nbsp;Weitao Wan ,&nbsp;Chao Yue ,&nbsp;Haitao Ma ,&nbsp;Jun Li ,&nbsp;Ying Pan ,&nbsp;Ziniu Yu ,&nbsp;Yuehuan Zhang","doi":"10.1016/j.aqrep.2025.102926","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.aqrep.2025.102926","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div><em>Crassostrea hongkongensis</em> is popular in southern China for its white flesh color, unique flavor, and delicious taste. However, the disadvantages of slow growth, poor tolerance, and high mortality limit its production and market sales. The application of genetic breeding techniques to breed new breeding lines with fast growth and low mortality is an important approach to solve these industrial challenges, including interspecific backcross breeding. In this study, we established eight experimental groups (HH-<em>C. hongkonggensis</em> ♀ × <em>C. hongkonggensis</em> ♂; HA-<em>C. hongkonggensis</em> ♀ × <em>C. ariakensis</em>♂; AA-<em>C. ariakensis</em> ♂ × <em>C. ariakensis</em>; A/HA-<em>C. ariakensis</em>♀ × HA ♂; HA/HA-HA ♀ × HA ♂; H/HA-<em>C. hongkonggensis</em> ♀ × HA ♂; HA/H- HA ♀ × <em>C. hongkonggensis</em>♂ and HA/A-HA ♀ × <em>C. ariakensis</em> ♂), tracked and compared their phenotypic traits. The results confirmed that the hatching parameters of the interspecific backcross groups (HA/H, HA/A, H/HA and A/HA) were significantly lower than those of the pure parental progeny groups (HH and AA). Although HA/A did not always show a significant growth advantage in the larval stage, it exhibited the largest shell height during the marine culture period (except on the 210th day), and showed a significant shell height advantage on the 360th day (<em>P</em> &lt; 0.05). Moreover, there were obvious backcross advantages during the marine culture period, with backcross advantages (BAs) in shell height of 7.30 %, 17.66 %, 16.44 % and 10.95 % from the 90th to the 360th days, respectively. In addition, HA/A consistently ranked in the top three in terms of the incremental survival rate, being significantly higher than the grandparental offsprings (HH and AA), with HA/A showing the highest survival rates on the 210th and 360th days. Similarly, backcross advantages were observed at all time points, with BAs of 3.42 %, 5.96 %, 6.29 % and 0.43 %, respectively. Gonad development statistics and paraffin section results showed that all backcross groups were fertile and produced many normal gametes, with little difference in the ratios of males to females among the eight groups. In summary, the HA/A group showed significant backcross advantages in both growth and survival, with the best overall performance. This makes it a promising new strain that could help address the industrial problems of <em>C. hongkongensis</em> and has the potential for large-scale application.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":8103,"journal":{"name":"Aquaculture Reports","volume":"43 ","pages":"Article 102926"},"PeriodicalIF":3.2,"publicationDate":"2025-06-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144297845","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Culture performance and financial business of leopard coral (Plectropomus leopardus), humpback (Cromileptes altivelis), and brown-marbled (Epinephelus fuscoguttatus) grouper nursery","authors":"Belinda Astari ,&nbsp;Darmawan Setia Budi ,&nbsp;Suko Ismi ,&nbsp;Irzal Effendi ,&nbsp;Tatag Budiardi ,&nbsp;Iis Diatin ,&nbsp;Apriana Vinasyiam ,&nbsp;Ketut Sugama","doi":"10.1016/j.aqrep.2025.102923","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.aqrep.2025.102923","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The nursery phase is critical in grouper aquaculture, influencing survival rates, growth performance, and economic feasibility. This study evaluates the culture performance and financial viability of three economically valuable grouper species: Leopard coral grouper (<em>Plectropomus leopardus</em>), humpback grouper (<em>Cromileptes altivelis</em>), and brown-marbled grouper (<em>Epinephelus fuscoguttatus</em>) over a 90-day nursery period. Results showed that brown-marbled grouper exhibited the highest survival rate (82.5 %) and growth performance, achieving the most significant final length (12.32 cm) and body weight (14.02 g). However, it also had the highest feed conversion ratio (FCR = 2.81), indicating lower feed efficiency. Leopard coral grouper demonstrated a balanced growth rate with the lowest FCR (2.00), making it the most cost-effective feed utilization. Financial analysis revealed that leopard coral grouper had the highest profitability, with the most significant net present value (NPV = US$ 65,067) and internal rate of return (IRR = 91.70 %), along with the shortest payback period (1.45 years). Sensitivity analysis indicated that feed costs and market price fluctuations significantly influenced financial viability. The research's findings show that leopard coral grouper is the most profitable species for nursery production, having the highest income, profit, net present value, and IRR. However, brown-marbled grouper has the lowest production cost per unit, making it a feasible option for budget-conscious farmers. While brown-marbled grouper grew the fastest in terms of length and weight, leopard coral grouper maintained competitive growth performance while also having the highest market value, making it the most economically advantageous option. To improve grouper farming's financial resilience, future initiatives should maximize feed efficiency, minimize mortality rates, and employ sustainable aquaculture practices.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":8103,"journal":{"name":"Aquaculture Reports","volume":"43 ","pages":"Article 102923"},"PeriodicalIF":3.2,"publicationDate":"2025-06-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144297949","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Effects of different carbohydrate levels on glycolipid metabolism and liver health of channel catfish (Ictalurus punctatus)","authors":"Xiaochen Ma ,&nbsp;Qisheng Lu ,&nbsp;Guoli Han ,&nbsp;Jinglu Jia ,&nbsp;Jingyue Cao ,&nbsp;Haokun Liu ,&nbsp;Junyan Jin ,&nbsp;Zhimin Zhang ,&nbsp;Yunxia Yang ,&nbsp;Xiaoming Zhu ,&nbsp;Dong Han ,&nbsp;Shouqi Xie","doi":"10.1016/j.aqrep.2025.102921","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.aqrep.2025.102921","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>This study evaluated the effects of dietary carbohydrate levels on glycolipid metabolism and liver health of channel catfish. Six isonitrogenous and isolipidic diets with corn starch contents of 10 % (C10), 15 % (C15), 20 % (C20), 25 % (C25), 30 % (C30) and 35 % (C35) were set up. After 8-week feeding trial, there was no significant difference in the growth performance of all groups (<em>P</em> &gt; 0.05). The study showed that C30 and C35 groups significantly increased plasma glucose levels, activated the expression of glycolysis-related genes (<em>gk</em>, <em>hk</em>, <em>pklr</em>, <em>pfk</em>) and mitochondrial oxidative phosphorylation related genes (<em>ndufa1</em>, <em>sdhb</em>, <em>sdha</em>, <em>cytb-c1</em>, <em>cox</em>, <em>atp5fa1</em>, <em>atp5f1b</em>), and repressed the expression of gluconeogenesis-related genes (<em>pc</em>, <em>fbp</em>, <em>pepck</em>, <em>g6</em>p) in the channel catfish (<em>P</em> &lt; 0.05). The upregulation of glycogen synthesis-related genes (<em>ppp1r3g</em>, <em>ppp1r3c</em>, <em>ppp1r3b</em>, <em>gys, gnl, ugp2a, ugp2b</em>) contributed to a significant increase in hepatic glycogen content. In addition, C30 and C35 groups significantly increased the expression of pentose phosphate pathway related genes (<em>g6pd</em>, <em>6gpd</em>), while C10 to C25 groups glucose metabolism-related pathways did not exhibit significant differences. Hepatic triglyceride and cholesterol results showed that C30 and C35 groups induced excessive lipogenesis, activated the expression of lipogenesis-related genes (<em>acc</em>, <em>acly</em>, <em>vldlr</em>) and cholesterol synthesis-related genes (<em>srebf2</em>, <em>hmgcr</em>, <em>sqle</em>). In C30 and C35 groups also increased the hepatic ALT, AST and MDA levels, activated the expression of injury-related genes (<em>a-sma</em>, <em>tgf-β</em>), inflammation-related genes (<em>tnf-α</em>, <em>il-1β</em>, <em>il-6</em>) and apoptosis-related genes (<em>baxb</em>, <em>caspase-3</em>, <em>caspase −10</em>) (<em>P</em> &lt; 0.05). C35 group significantly further increased the expression levels of stress genes such as <em>hamp</em>, <em>hsp70</em> and <em>hsp90</em> (<em>P</em> &lt; 0.05), while there were no significant differences in the levels of lactate and cortisol in all groups (<em>P</em> &gt; 0.05). In conclusion, our results suggest that dietary carbohydrate levels less than 30 % will not impair the health and growth performance of the channel catfish.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":8103,"journal":{"name":"Aquaculture Reports","volume":"43 ","pages":"Article 102921"},"PeriodicalIF":3.2,"publicationDate":"2025-06-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144291473","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}