Aquaculture Reports最新文献

{"title":"Impact of acute temperature stress on the behavior, respiratory metabolism, tissue structure, and oxidative stress of Stichopus monotuberculatus","authors":"Lianghua Huang ,&nbsp;Fei Gao ,&nbsp;Guoqing Deng ,&nbsp;Yaowen Meng ,&nbsp;Bojun Zheng ,&nbsp;Shengping Zhong ,&nbsp;Chenghai Gao ,&nbsp;Qiang Xu","doi":"10.1016/j.aqrep.2025.103106","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.aqrep.2025.103106","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>This study aims to explore the impact of acute temperature stresses on <em>Stichopus monotuberculatus</em>, focusing on behaviors, metabolic changes, tissue structures, and the activities of enzymes. <em>S. monotuberculatus</em> weighing 3.6 ± 1.12 g were selected to conduct acute temperature stress experiments and analyzed the physiological response of <em>S. monotuberculatus</em> to acute temperature stress. The results indicate that under extreme temperature stress, <em>S. monotuberculatus</em> exhibits significant reductions in activity and adhesion. High temperature stress led to an increase in respiratory metabolism. The main adaptive strategy to low temperature stress involved obtaining additional energy through protein metabolism. Acute temperature stress also caused structural damage to respiratory and digestive tissues, with the most severe deterioration observed in the 15 ℃ and 35 ℃ groups. The oxidative stress indicators (CAT, AKP and MDA) in the high-temperature groups was higher than that in the low-temperature groups and the control group. This study reported the response of <em>S. monotuberculatus</em> to temperature stress at the macroscopic level, providing macroscopic data for revealing its temperature tolerance mechanism, enriching the biological theory of this species, and having important guiding significance for temperature management in <em>S. monotuberculatus</em> aquaculture.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":8103,"journal":{"name":"Aquaculture Reports","volume":"45 ","pages":"Article 103106"},"PeriodicalIF":3.7,"publicationDate":"2025-09-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145109827","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Identification of an insulin receptor mediating the ovarian insulin pathway in the swimming crab, Portunus trituberculatus","authors":"Letian Huang,&nbsp;Shuangtao Yin,&nbsp;Runxi Li,&nbsp;Di Chen,&nbsp;Xi Xie,&nbsp;Dongfa Zhu","doi":"10.1016/j.aqrep.2025.103115","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.aqrep.2025.103115","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The insulin signaling pathway is a metazoan conserved pathway that plays a key role in the \"nutrition-reproduction\" transition. However, the role and mechanism of insulin pathway on female crustacean reproduction was poorly understood. In this study, we found that inhibitors targeting the insulin pathway significantly reduced gonadosomatic index (GSI), oocyte size, and the vitellogenin receptor (VgR) gene and protein levels in the <em>Portunus trituberculatus</em>, which mimicked the inhibitory effects caused by fasting treatment. Fasting led to a systematically decrease in the expression of several insulin pathway genes, among which a neuro-derived insulin-like peptide (PtILP) and an ovarian-derived insulin receptor (PtIR3). Using fluorescence co-localization and yeast two-hybrid hybridization, it was demonstrated that PtIR3 can interact with PtILP, suggesting that their binding may activate the ovarian insulin pathway. Further <em>in vitro</em> experiments showed that recombinant ILP (rILP) promoted the AKT phosphorylation levels in ovary explants, whereas RNA interference with PtIR3 had the opposite effect. By contrast, neither treatment affect the MAPK phosphorylation levels, suggesting that the PtILP/PtIR3 signaling may regulate the ovarian development mainly by targeting the AKT pathway. Moreover, it was also found that rILP treatment and PtIR3 knockdown promoted and inhibited the ovarian VgR gene expression and protein levels, respectively, suggesting the PtIR3-mediated ovarian insulin pathway may be involved in the vitellogenin uptake process. Our results suggest that the insulin pathway is critical for the ovarian development in <em>P. trituberculatus</em>, among which the ovarian-derived IR3 upon binding with ILP activates the Akt pathway in the ovary, which in turn, may target the vitellogenin uptake.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":8103,"journal":{"name":"Aquaculture Reports","volume":"45 ","pages":"Article 103115"},"PeriodicalIF":3.7,"publicationDate":"2025-09-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145106596","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"An underwater risk scale for monitoring the crowding intensities of Atlantic salmon in commercial net pens using Remotely Operated Vehicles (ROVs), v0.1","authors":"Lars Helge Stien ,&nbsp;Chris Noble ,&nbsp;David Izquierdo-Gomez ,&nbsp;Samantha Bui ,&nbsp;Stian Amble ,&nbsp;Mattias Bendiksen Lind","doi":"10.1016/j.aqrep.2025.103109","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.aqrep.2025.103109","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Crowding is a common aquacultural procedure and its monitoring and management is key to limiting its potential detrimental effects upon the fish. Crowding intensity in Atlantic salmon aquaculture is typically assessed manually using surface-based observations, such as changes in surface activity, or the numbers of dorsal fins or white sides that are visible during inspections of the crowd. However, surface observations, whilst having utility in many settings, do not always equate with the sub-surface behaviours of fish and the potential welfare risks that occur underwater. Here we suggest an underwater crowding risk scale for Atlantic salmon held in net pens based on underwater observations for crowd monitoring using a Remotely Operated Vehicle (ROV). The scale is based on a survey of fish farm professionals, fish welfare researchers and fish health students. A crowding event will typically fluctuate between different intensity levels over time and intensity and risk level can change in an instant. The scale is therefore based on what an ROV operator can see within a 10 s time frame, so that the ROV operator can help guide the staff managing the crowd in their corrective actions to lower the risk. This is a first attempt to make such an ROV-scale and to introduce stakeholders to the concept. It is therefore labelled v0.1. Given the importance of crowding for fish welfare, this study should be quickly followed up by work to improve and enhance the scale.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":8103,"journal":{"name":"Aquaculture Reports","volume":"45 ","pages":"Article 103109"},"PeriodicalIF":3.7,"publicationDate":"2025-09-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145106660","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Genome-wide characterization of chemosensory receptor genes in octopus and identification of key genes involved in paralarval benthic settlement","authors":"Li Bian ,&nbsp;Ying Qiao ,&nbsp;Juanwen Yu ,&nbsp;Jinchao Zhu ,&nbsp;Tianshi Zhang ,&nbsp;Qing Chang ,&nbsp;Siqing Chen","doi":"10.1016/j.aqrep.2025.103107","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.aqrep.2025.103107","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The high mortality rate during the benthic settlement process of <em>Octopus sinensis</em> paralarvae represents the primary technical bottleneck constraining the development of its aquaculture industry. The functional roles of chemical factors in this critical transitional phase are unknown. Considering the crucial role of chemosensory receptor genes in chemical factor perception, this study identified three classes of chemosensory receptor genes—Olfactory Receptors (ORs), Ionotropic Receptors (IRs), and Acetylcholine Receptors (ARs)—in both merobenthic species (<em>O. sinensis</em>, <em>Octopus vulgaris</em>) and holobenthic species (<em>Octopus minor</em>, <em>Amphioctopus fangsiao</em>). The results demonstrated that the number of chemosensory receptor genes identified in all species in this study was comparable. Tissue expression analysis revealed that IRs were widely expressed across multiple olfaction-related organs, while the cephalopod-specific ARs were predominantly expressed in suckers and sucker epithelium. From hatching to adulthood, merobenthic paralarvae exhibited downregulation of nearly half of their chemosensory receptor genes, whereas holobenthic paralarvae showed only about 10 % gene downregulation, reflecting distinct chemosensory receptor expression patterns driven by divergent ecological adaptations between the hatchlings of these two life-history strategies. Based on the analysis of chemosensory receptor gene expression levels at different developmental stages of merobenthic paralarvae, RYamide receptor, Cholecystokinin receptor A (CCKAR), and Free fatty acid receptor 4 (FFAR4) were identified as potential key chemosensory receptor genes involved in the benthic settlement process. All three genes were functionally linked to feeding regulation, suggesting that chemical factors may regulate paralarval physiological functions related to feeding, thereby helping paralarvae conserve energy while awaiting the maturation of their nervous system and arm functionality, which would facilitate a successful transition to benthic settlement. This study laid a solid foundation for identifying key chemical factors involved in the benthic settlement process, which will contribute to breakthroughs in artificial seedling breeding techniques for <em>O. sinensis</em> and promote the development of its aquaculture industry.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":8103,"journal":{"name":"Aquaculture Reports","volume":"45 ","pages":"Article 103107"},"PeriodicalIF":3.7,"publicationDate":"2025-09-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145106593","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Phytase improves growth performance and reduces environmental costs of high-density culture of bullfrogs (Aquarana catesbeiana)","authors":"Shihong Li ,&nbsp;Lu Guo ,&nbsp;Sen Wang ,&nbsp;Lin Jiang ,&nbsp;Yinbo Lin ,&nbsp;Qiong Jiang ,&nbsp;Yongqi Wang ,&nbsp;Qi Zhang ,&nbsp;Bo Dong ,&nbsp;Dizhou Luo ,&nbsp;Yue Shen ,&nbsp;Juanting Wu ,&nbsp;Qiuhao Xu ,&nbsp;Qianyun Xi ,&nbsp;Jinlong Bei","doi":"10.1016/j.aqrep.2025.103095","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.aqrep.2025.103095","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>High-density culture is becoming popular in aquaculture to achieve higher profits, but at the cost of higher environmental pollution risks of the farm wastewater, especially nitrogen and phosphorus emissioms. Phytase, as a widely used feed additive, can hydrolyze the phytic acid in plant-based feeds and facilitate the following utilisation of the released phosphorus (P) nutrients by animals. As for the growing high-density bullfrog aquaculture, it is still unclear whether adding phytase can replace the diet minerals, improve the feed efficiency and reduce nitrogen and phosphorus emissions. Thus, this study aims to investigate the application potential of phytase in bullfrog feeding under high-density culture conditions. Bullfrogs were fed with a normal diet (ND), a low phosphorus diet (LD), and a low phosphorus and low calcium diet (LLD), with three levels of phytase (0 FTU/kg, 500 FTU/kg, and 1000 FTU/kg), respectively. The growth performance and physiological indexes of bullfrogs, and nitrogen and phosphorus emissions into farm wastewater were determined at the end of the experiment. When the addition level of phytase was 500 FTU/kg, bullfrogs exhibited the best carcass weight and feed efficiency. Low Ca level significantly increased Viscerosomatic index (VSI) and crude protein. Low P level significantly reduced crude protein, crude ash, muscle fiber density, serum alkaline phosphatase (ALP), and fecal P, while significantly increasing muscle fiber diameter and fluff width. The reduction in crude protein and crude ash could be partially compensated by the addition of phytase. Increasing phytase levels significantly reduced ALP and fecal P. Besides, the addition of phytase reduced the emissions of nitrogen and phosphorus from aquaculture wastewater, in which LD incorporating 500 FTU/kg phytase decreased the phosphorus emission by 32.58 %, and ND with 500 FTU/kg phytase yielded the reduction nitrogen emissions of 18.24 %. Collectively, the incorporation of 500 FTU/kg of phytase into low-phosphorus diets is recommended for bullfrog high-density culture to yield more favourable outcomes with lower environmental costs.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":8103,"journal":{"name":"Aquaculture Reports","volume":"45 ","pages":"Article 103095"},"PeriodicalIF":3.7,"publicationDate":"2025-09-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145106594","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Integrated GWAS and transcriptome analysis provide molecular insights into the resistance to Streptococcus iniae in yellowfin seabream, Acanthopagrus latus (Hottuyn, 1782)","authors":"Jin-Min Pan ,&nbsp;Bao-Suo Liu ,&nbsp;Hua-Yang Guo ,&nbsp;Nan Zhang ,&nbsp;Ke-Cheng Zhu ,&nbsp;Dian-Chang Zhang","doi":"10.1016/j.aqrep.2025.103103","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.aqrep.2025.103103","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>In recent years, the aquaculture industry of yellowfin seabream (<em>Acanthopagrus latus</em>) has been severely threatened by infections caused by <em>Streptococcus iniae</em>. Selective breeding for disease resistance has emerged as an effective strategy to address this challenge. To further elucidate the genetic basis of this trait, we conducted <em>S. iniae</em> infections on 2000 individual yellowfin seabreams and performed whole-genome resequencing on the first 80 deceased individuals exhibiting infection symptoms and the last 80 surviving individuals. The estimated heritability of disease resistance was 0.233 ± 0.03. Using a genome-wide association study (GWAS), we analyzed disease resistance as a binary phenotype. Our analysis identified nine single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) that were significantly associated with <em>S. iniae</em> resistance. Notably, one SNP is located in the exonic region of <em>PTP-βL</em> with the missense mutation, one in the intronic region of <em>Il12rb1</em>, and one downstream of <em>NLRP3l</em>. Previous studies have shown that these genes are associated with immune responses. Additionally, we performed transcriptome analysis of the livers samples of yellowfin seabreams 72 h post-infection, revealing 1614 differentially expressed genes (1130 significantly upregulated and 484 significantly downregulated) compared to the PBS injection control group. KEGG and GO enrichment analyses of the DEGs identified numerous immune-related terms. Finally, we found that <em>PTP-βL</em> was present in both the GWAS candidate genes and the DEGs. Our findings provide potential genetic variations and gene targets for molecular marker-assisted selection to improve disease resistance in yellowfin seabream, offering valuable insights for advancing disease resistance mechanisms in aquaculture fish species.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":8103,"journal":{"name":"Aquaculture Reports","volume":"45 ","pages":"Article 103103"},"PeriodicalIF":3.7,"publicationDate":"2025-09-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145106595","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Cloning and functional analysis of Rac1 in Crassostrea hongkongensis reveals its role in immune defense against Vibrio harveyi","authors":"Yongkang Hou ,&nbsp;Teng Zhang ,&nbsp;Xinyu Song ,&nbsp;Xiaokun Liu ,&nbsp;Fangqi Zhang ,&nbsp;Dongming Huang ,&nbsp;Zhimin Li","doi":"10.1016/j.aqrep.2025.103105","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.aqrep.2025.103105","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div><em>Crassostrea hongkongensis</em> is an economically important marine bivalve species in the South China Sea, but its aquaculture industry is frequently threatened by <em>Vibrio harveyi</em> infections, leading to mass mortality events. <em>Rac1</em> plays crucial roles in immune regulation, yet its function in <em>C. hongkongensis</em> remains poorly understood. This study systematically investigated the immunoregulatory mechanisms of <em>Rac1</em> gene in <em>C. hongkongensis</em> against <em>V. harveyi</em> infection. Our results demonstrated that <em>V. harveyi</em> infection significantly increased ROS and MDA levels (<em>P</em> &lt; 0.05), while markedly reducing the activities of SOD and CAT (<em>P</em> &lt; 0.05), indicating the induction of oxidative stress. Notably, the activities of immune-related enzymes, including LZM, PO, ACP, and MPO, were significantly upregulated (<em>P</em> &lt; 0.05), confirming the activation of multiple immune defense systems against pathogen invasion. Through molecular cloning, we obtained the ORF of <em>Rac1</em>, 579 bp, encoding 192 amino acids from the <em>C. hongkongensis</em>. <em>ChRac1</em> exhibits high conservationat, suggesting functional similarity to its homologs in other species. <em>ChRac1</em> was detected in multiple tissues of <em>C. hongkongensis</em> via RT-qPCR, with the highest expression in the hepatopancreas. Following immune challenge with Poly(I:C), LPS, or <em>V. harveyi</em>, <em>ChRac1</em> expression in the hepatopancreas showed significant induction at 12 h post-treatment (<em>P</em> &lt; 0.05). RNA interference-mediated silencing of <em>ChRac1</em> significantly downregulated the expression of the downstream gene <em>PI3Kα</em> at 12 h post-infection (<em>P</em> &lt; 0.05). Concurrently, the activities of antioxidant enzymes SOD and CAT were aberrantly elevated (<em>P</em> &lt; 0.05), while the enzymatic activities of PO, ACP, and MPO were markedly suppressed (<em>P</em> &lt; 0.05). These findings demonstrate that <em>ChRac1</em> plays a pivotal role in innate immunity by regulating both antioxidant systems and immune enzyme activities. This study provides novel insights into the immune mechanisms of bivalves and establishes an important theoretical foundation for healthy aquaculture and disease-resistant breeding of <em>C. hongkongensis</em>.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":8103,"journal":{"name":"Aquaculture Reports","volume":"45 ","pages":"Article 103105"},"PeriodicalIF":3.7,"publicationDate":"2025-09-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145106583","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Enhancing muscle physicochemical properties and nutrient distribution in black seabream (Acanthopagrus schlegelii) through dietary linoleic acid supplementation","authors":"Xiaoyi Zhao ,&nbsp;Tingliang Lei ,&nbsp;Wenli Zhao ,&nbsp;Jialei Xu ,&nbsp;Yangguang Bao ,&nbsp;Jiayun Zhu ,&nbsp;Hao Cheng ,&nbsp;Xuan Wang ,&nbsp;Tingting Zhu ,&nbsp;Peng Sun ,&nbsp;Qicun Zhou ,&nbsp;Min Jin","doi":"10.1016/j.aqrep.2025.103108","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.aqrep.2025.103108","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>This study investigates the effects of dietary linoleic acid (LA) on the growth, lipid metabolism, muscle nutritional composition, texture characteristics, volatile and non-volatile substances of black seabream (<em>Acanthopagrus schlegelii</em>). Four isonitrogenous and isolipidic diets with LA levels of 5.30 mg/g (LA5.30), 10.51 mg/g (LA10.51), 15.57 mg/g (LA15.58), and 20.01 mg/g (LA20.03) of LA were formulated. A 13-week feeding trial was conducted on black seabream with an initial weight of 6.69 ± 0.01 g. Results indicated that compared with LA5.30 group, dietary LA levels increased the WG and CF. Meanwhile, the contents of LA and n-6 PUFA in liver and muscle significantly increased with increasing dietary LA levels. Hardness and chewiness of black seabream muscle were significantly increased at dietary LA additions of 10.51 mg/g or beyond. Compared with the LA5.30 group, the expression levels of myogenic factors were significantly increased but myostatin was significantly decreased with the increase of dietary LA levels. The results of electronic tongue taste showed that the sweetness value in the black seabream muscle was significantly enhanced in the LA10.51 group while the bitter value was significantly reduced in this group. The composition and relative percentage of volatile substances in muscle also significantly affected by dietary LA levels. In conclusion, dietary LA supplementation could not only improve the growth performance, but also enhance the nutrition and flavor by increasing the nutritional value of muscle, optimizing muscle textural properties, boosting muscle taste, as well as regulating the composition and relative percentage of volatile substances.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":8103,"journal":{"name":"Aquaculture Reports","volume":"45 ","pages":"Article 103108"},"PeriodicalIF":3.7,"publicationDate":"2025-09-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145106592","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Assessment of integration of black soldier fly larvae meal and yeast Yarrowia lipolytica in diets of Macrobrachium rosenbergii based on growth, nutrient digestibility, intestinal microbiota and phosphorus discharge","authors":"Zhiyuan Chen ,&nbsp;Qingxuan Li ,&nbsp;Hao Chen ,&nbsp;Ling Gan ,&nbsp;Peng Tan ,&nbsp;Hui Fei ,&nbsp;Youqin Kong ,&nbsp;Yixiang Zhang ,&nbsp;Zhili Ding ,&nbsp;Yujie Liu","doi":"10.1016/j.aqrep.2025.103089","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.aqrep.2025.103089","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The growing demand for sustainable protein sources in aquaculture has driven interest in black soldier fly (BSF) larvae meal and yeast <em>Yarrowia lipolytica</em> (YL) as fishmeal alternatives. This study evaluated the effects of replacing fishmeal (0–80 %) with a 1:1 mixture of defatted BSF larvae meal and YL on growth, nutrient utilization, intestinal health, and phosphorus discharge in giant freshwater prawns (<em>Macrobrachium rosenbergi</em>i). Five isonitrogenous experimental diets were formulated, with graded replacement levels of 0 % (control, BSF_YL0), 10 % (BSF_YL10), 20 % (BSF_YL20), 40 % (BSF_YL40), and 80 % (BSF_YL80). Juvenile prawns (initial weight: 0.25 ± 0.03 g) were fed the respective diets for 8 weeks. Key findings revealed that prawns fed 10–20 % replacement diets maintained comparable growth performance (P &gt; 0.05), feed conversion ratios, and protein apparent digestibility coefficients to the fishmeal control. However, higher replacement levels (40–80 %) significantly compromised survival rates (P &lt; 0.05), reduced immune-related enzyme activities (alkaline phosphatase, AKP; acid phosphatase ACP), and elevated oxidative stress markers (malondialdehyde, MDA). Notably, the 20 % replacement group demonstrated enhanced phosphorus retention efficiency and reduced phosphorus waste; improved digestive enzyme activities (trypsin and lipase); and beneficial modulation of intestinal microbiota, with significant enrichment of Bacteroidota, Actinobacteriota and <em>Cloacibacterium</em>. Transcriptomic analysis of hepatopancreas tissue identified 568 differentially expressed genes in the BSF_YL20 group, with significant enrichment in phagosome activity, protein digestion/absorption, and PI3K-Akt signaling pathways. While 20 % replacement showed environmental benefits, histological examination revealed mild hepatopancreatic damage and downregulation of digestive enzyme-related genes. In contrast, the 10 % replacement optimized intestinal villus morphology without compromising growth or immune function. These findings demonstrate that a 10 % fishmeal replacement with BSF-YL mixture is optimal for balancing growth and health in <em>M. rosenbergii</em>, while 20 % substitution may benefit environmental sustainability by reducing phosphorus discharge. The study provides critical insights into the synergistic use of insect and yeast proteins in aquafeeds, supporting eco-friendly aquaculture practices.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":8103,"journal":{"name":"Aquaculture Reports","volume":"45 ","pages":"Article 103089"},"PeriodicalIF":3.7,"publicationDate":"2025-09-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145106665","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Growth phenotype and environmental stress drive performance in field-cultured mussels (Mytilus galloprovincialis)","authors":"Maitane Pérez-Cebrecos ,&nbsp;Irrintzi Ibarrola ,&nbsp;Urtzi Izagirre","doi":"10.1016/j.aqrep.2025.103101","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.aqrep.2025.103101","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Understanding the physiological mechanisms driving growth variation in commercially important mussels <em>(Mytilus galloprovincialis)</em> under realistic field conditions is critical for optimising aquaculture production. While laboratory studies have identified differences in energy acquisition efficiency and metabolic rates as key factors influencing growth phenotypes, little is known about how these phenotypes develop under natural, variable trophic environments typical of intertidal aquaculture systems. In this study, two groups of 300 juvenile mussels (12.39 ± 0.87 mm) were transplanted to cages at low (L, &lt; 1 m) and high (H, 2.5 m) intertidal zones on a breakwater. After six months, fast (F), intermediate (I) and slow (S) growing phenotypes were identified and subjected to feeding trials and measurements of energy balance, gill surface area and structure, and shell dry weight. At both tidal heights, slow growers exhibited lower gill cilia density and developed denser shells compared to fast growers. In the low intertidal zone, slow growers nearly matched fast growers in food acquisition and absorption but allocated more energy to somatic maintenance, including shell thickening, gonadal development, and antioxidant defences instead of growth. In contrast, at the high intertidal zone, growth differences were primarily driven by variation in energy acquisition rather than gill surface area. These findings challenge laboratory-derived models suggesting fast growers benefit from reduced metabolic rates and highlight the importance of environmental heterogeneity in shaping physiological strategies. The results have important implications for improving growth performance and sustainability in regional intertidal mussel aquaculture by accounting for context-dependent energy allocation and acquisition strategies.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":8103,"journal":{"name":"Aquaculture Reports","volume":"45 ","pages":"Article 103101"},"PeriodicalIF":3.7,"publicationDate":"2025-09-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145106662","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}