Assessment of integration of black soldier fly larvae meal and yeast Yarrowia lipolytica in diets of Macrobrachium rosenbergii based on growth, nutrient digestibility, intestinal microbiota and phosphorus discharge

IF 3.7 2区农林科学 Q1 FISHERIES

Aquaculture Reports Pub Date : 2025-09-17 DOI:10.1016/j.aqrep.2025.103089

Zhiyuan Chen , Qingxuan Li , Hao Chen , Ling Gan , Peng Tan , Hui Fei , Youqin Kong , Yixiang Zhang , Zhili Ding , Yujie Liu

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引用次数: 0

Abstract

The growing demand for sustainable protein sources in aquaculture has driven interest in black soldier fly (BSF) larvae meal and yeast Yarrowia lipolytica (YL) as fishmeal alternatives. This study evaluated the effects of replacing fishmeal (0–80 %) with a 1:1 mixture of defatted BSF larvae meal and YL on growth, nutrient utilization, intestinal health, and phosphorus discharge in giant freshwater prawns (Macrobrachium rosenbergii). Five isonitrogenous experimental diets were formulated, with graded replacement levels of 0 % (control, BSF_YL0), 10 % (BSF_YL10), 20 % (BSF_YL20), 40 % (BSF_YL40), and 80 % (BSF_YL80). Juvenile prawns (initial weight: 0.25 ± 0.03 g) were fed the respective diets for 8 weeks. Key findings revealed that prawns fed 10–20 % replacement diets maintained comparable growth performance (P > 0.05), feed conversion ratios, and protein apparent digestibility coefficients to the fishmeal control. However, higher replacement levels (40–80 %) significantly compromised survival rates (P < 0.05), reduced immune-related enzyme activities (alkaline phosphatase, AKP; acid phosphatase ACP), and elevated oxidative stress markers (malondialdehyde, MDA). Notably, the 20 % replacement group demonstrated enhanced phosphorus retention efficiency and reduced phosphorus waste; improved digestive enzyme activities (trypsin and lipase); and beneficial modulation of intestinal microbiota, with significant enrichment of Bacteroidota, Actinobacteriota and Cloacibacterium. Transcriptomic analysis of hepatopancreas tissue identified 568 differentially expressed genes in the BSF_YL20 group, with significant enrichment in phagosome activity, protein digestion/absorption, and PI3K-Akt signaling pathways. While 20 % replacement showed environmental benefits, histological examination revealed mild hepatopancreatic damage and downregulation of digestive enzyme-related genes. In contrast, the 10 % replacement optimized intestinal villus morphology without compromising growth or immune function. These findings demonstrate that a 10 % fishmeal replacement with BSF-YL mixture is optimal for balancing growth and health in M. rosenbergii, while 20 % substitution may benefit environmental sustainability by reducing phosphorus discharge. The study provides critical insights into the synergistic use of insect and yeast proteins in aquafeeds, supporting eco-friendly aquaculture practices.

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基于生长、营养物质消化率、肠道菌群和磷排放的罗氏沼虾饲料中黑兵蝇幼虫和酵母脂性耶氏菌的整合评价

水产养殖对可持续蛋白质来源的需求日益增长，促使人们对黑虻（BSF）幼虫饲料和酵母脂溶耶氏菌（YL）作为鱼粉替代品产生了兴趣。本试验研究了用脱脂BSF幼虫粉与YL的1:1混合饲料替代鱼粉（0-80 %）对罗氏沼虾生长、营养物质利用、肠道健康和磷排放的影响。配制5种等氮试验饲粮，替代水平分别为0 %（对照，BSF_YL0）、10 % （BSF_YL10）、20 % （BSF_YL20）、40 % （BSF_YL40）和80 % （BSF_YL80）。分别饲喂初始体重为0.25 ± 0.03 g的对虾饲料8周。结果表明，饲喂10 - 20% %替代饲料的对虾的生长性能（P >； 0.05）、饲料系数和蛋白质表观消化率与鱼粉对照组相当。然而，较高的替代水平（40-80 %）显著降低了生存率（P <； 0.05），降低了免疫相关酶活性（碱性磷酸酶，AKP；酸性磷酸酶ACP），并升高了氧化应激标志物（丙二醛，MDA）。值得注意的是，20 %替代组提高了磷的保留效率，减少了磷的浪费；提高消化酶活性（胰蛋白酶和脂肪酶）；肠道菌群的有益调节，其中拟杆菌门、放线菌门和Cloacibacterium显著富集。肝胰腺组织转录组学分析发现，BSF_YL20组中有568个差异表达基因，在吞噬体活性、蛋白质消化/吸收和PI3K-Akt信号通路中显著富集。虽然20% %的替代显示出环境效益，但组织学检查显示轻度肝胰损伤和消化酶相关基因下调。相比之下，10% %的替代物在不影响生长或免疫功能的情况下优化了肠绒毛形态。这些研究结果表明，用BSF-YL混合物替代10% %的鱼粉对罗氏沼虾的生长和健康平衡是最佳的，而替代20% %的鱼粉可能通过减少磷排放而有利于环境的可持续性。该研究为在水产饲料中协同使用昆虫和酵母蛋白提供了重要见解，支持了生态友好型水产养殖实践。

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来源期刊

Aquaculture Reports Agricultural and Biological Sciences-Animal Science and Zoology

CiteScore

5.90

自引率

8.10%

发文量

469

审稿时长

77 days

期刊介绍： Aquaculture Reports will publish original research papers and reviews documenting outstanding science with a regional context and focus, answering the need for high quality information on novel species, systems and regions in emerging areas of aquaculture research and development, such as integrated multi-trophic aquaculture, urban aquaculture, ornamental, unfed aquaculture, offshore aquaculture and others. Papers having industry research as priority and encompassing product development research or current industry practice are encouraged.