Aquaculture Reports最新文献

{"title":"Infection by Vibrio harveyi in Broodstock Senegalese sole (Solea senegalensis) in South Portugal","authors":"Denise Schrama ,&nbsp;M. Carolina Ribeiro ,&nbsp;Rui Sousa ,&nbsp;Marcelo Livramento ,&nbsp;Margarida Gamboa ,&nbsp;Andreia Ovelheiro ,&nbsp;Ana Candeias-Mendes ,&nbsp;Iris A.L. Silva ,&nbsp;Pedro Pousão-Ferreira ,&nbsp;Cátia Lourenço-Marques ,&nbsp;Florbela Soares","doi":"10.1016/j.aqrep.2025.103097","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.aqrep.2025.103097","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Aquaculture evolution is required to keep up with the demand for fish supply. Consequently, disease outbreaks are more frequent, causing substantial losses for the industry. An important pathology in fish is vibriosis, caused by <em>Vibrio</em> sp. and might induce symptoms like pale gills, hemorrhagic lesions, gastroenteritis, skin ulcers and tail rot. An important pathogen, which occurs in warmer waters, is <em>Vibrio harveyi</em>, a gram-negative bacteria. Broodstock Senegalese sole (<em>Solea senegalensis</em>) reared at EPPO diseased and eventually died, and were sampled for bacteriological, parasitological and histopathological analysis. Results showed hemorrhagic lesions on skin and gills and bacterial growth in swabs from spleen and liver tissue. Biochemical and PCR analysis identified <em>Vibrio harveyi</em> and histopathology revealed mild vascular congestion and associated hemorrhages in the spleen. This case report could help to develop strategies for the detection and prevention of these diseases in aquaculture.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":8103,"journal":{"name":"Aquaculture Reports","volume":"45 ","pages":"Article 103097"},"PeriodicalIF":3.7,"publicationDate":"2025-09-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145106663","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Evaluation of Clostridium autoethanogenum protein as a fish meal substitute in diets for juvenile mud crab (Scylla paramamosain)","authors":"Yu Zhang ,&nbsp;Yixin Gu ,&nbsp;Yinqiu Tian ,&nbsp;Wenhao Zhan ,&nbsp;Yao Deng ,&nbsp;Shichao Xie ,&nbsp;Hongyu Peng ,&nbsp;Peng Sun ,&nbsp;Tingting Zhu ,&nbsp;Min Jin ,&nbsp;Qicun Zhou","doi":"10.1016/j.aqrep.2025.103104","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.aqrep.2025.103104","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>A nine-week feeding trial was conducted to assessed the impacts of replacing fish meal (FM) with <em>Clostridium autoethanogenum</em> protein (CAP) on the growth performance, amino acid profiles, digestive enzyme activities, antioxidant capacity, immune response, and protein metabolism of juvenile mud crab (<em>Scylla paramamosain</em>). Total of 150 crabs were divided into 5 groups and fed the experimental diets with replacing FM levels of 0 %, 15 %, 30 %, 45 %, and 60 % with CAP, respectively. Crabs fed the CAP15 diet exhibited significantly higher PWG and SGR than crabs fed the CAP60 diet, moreover, survival exceeded 70 % in all groups, with no significant differences observed among treatments. The amino acid profile in muscle and hepatopancreas of crabs were significantly affected by replacement of FM with CAP. The concentrations of T-CHO, ALT, AST and blood ammonia in serum, and TG in hepatopancreas, increased significantly with higher CAP inclusion. Crabs fed the CAP15 and CAP30 diet exhibited higher activities of T-AOC in serum and T-SOD, GSH, ACP and AKP in hepatopancreas compared with control diet. Digestive enzyme activities in hepatopancreas were highest in crabs fed the CAP15 diet. Furthermore, the expression of <em>prx</em> and <em>gpx</em> in hepatopancreas, and <em>prx</em>, <em>trx</em>, <em>cat</em>, and <em>tgf</em> in intestine were significantly up-regulated in crabs fed CAP15 and CAP30 diets. Key genes associated with protein metabolism were significantly up-regulated with the replacement levels of FM with CAP increasing from 0 % to 30 %. Thus, the optimal replacement level of FM with CAP was estimated to be 16.52 % for juvenile mud crab based on broken-line regression analysis.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":8103,"journal":{"name":"Aquaculture Reports","volume":"45 ","pages":"Article 103104"},"PeriodicalIF":3.7,"publicationDate":"2025-09-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145106664","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Evaluating dose response lysolecithin supplementation on growth, antioxidant response, and immunity in giant river prawn Macrobrachium rosenbergii","authors":"Zongsheng Qiu ,&nbsp;Qiyou Xu ,&nbsp;Chou Min Chong ,&nbsp;Clement R. de Cruz","doi":"10.1016/j.aqrep.2025.103092","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.aqrep.2025.103092","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>This study evaluated the effects of dietary lysolecithin (LL) supplementation on growth performance, body composition, biochemical responses, antioxidant capacity, digestive enzyme activity, histological study, and disease resistance in <em>Macrobrachium rosenbergii</em>. Six isonitrogenous and isocaloric diets were prepared for the dose-response trial by supplementing LL to the basal diet at six graded levels (0 g/kg, 2 g/kg, 4 g/kg, 6 g/kg, 8 g/kg, and 10 g/kg of dry weight) while propotionally reducing fish oil content. The prawns were fed for 56 days, after which various physiological and biochemical parameters were assessed. The results showed that dietary LL significantly increased final body weight, weight gain, and specific growth rate, with the optimal inclusion level estimated at 4.8 g/kg based on a second-order polynomial regression model. Additionally, LL supplementation increased superoxide dismutase activity and glutathione levels while reducing malondialdehyde levels. LL also improved digestive enzyme activities, reduced lipid accumulation in the hepatopancreas, lowered hemolymph triglyceride levels, and enhanced intestinal amylase and trypsin activities. Furthermore, prawns fed with diets containing 4–10 g/kg LL exhibited significantly reduced cumulative mortality following a challenge with <em>Aeromonas hydrophila</em>. To conclude, these findings demonstrated that dietary LL regulates metabolism, improves growth performance, antioxidant capacity, digestive function, hepatopancreatic health, and disease resistance in <em>Macrobrachium rosenbergii</em>, with an optimal recommended inclusion level estimated at 4.8 g/kg based on quadratic regression analysis.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":8103,"journal":{"name":"Aquaculture Reports","volume":"45 ","pages":"Article 103092"},"PeriodicalIF":3.7,"publicationDate":"2025-09-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145060882","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Enhancing digestive and immune functions in Nile tilapia: Effects of Pediococcus acidilactici and Cordyceps militaris spent mushroom substrate extracts and their combination","authors":"Kanokkarn Choosong ,&nbsp;Suphada Kiriratnikom ,&nbsp;Akkanee Pewhom ,&nbsp;Supachai Nitipan","doi":"10.1016/j.aqrep.2025.103093","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.aqrep.2025.103093","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>This study evaluated the effects of <em>Pediococcus acidilactici</em> and <em>Cordyceps militaris</em> spent mushroom substrate (SMS) extract, and their combination, on digestive function, immune responses, and gut microbiota composition in Nile tilapia (<em>Oreochromis niloticus</em>). Fish were fed four experimental diets (T0: control, T1: BF-CSE, T2: BF-Pa, and T3: BF-Com) for eight weeks, with three replicates per treatment. After the feeding trial, physiological, immunological, and microbial parameters were evaluated. The <em>P. acidilactici</em>-supplemented diet (BF-Pa: T₂) significantly increased the activities of amylase, cellulase, and trypsin, indicating enhanced digestive function, although growth performance remained unchanged. The <em>C. militaris</em> SMS extract diet (BF-CSE: T₁) improved innate immune responses, as evidenced by elevated lysozyme activity, respiratory burst, and white blood cell counts. The combined supplementation (BF-Com: T₃) produced synergistic effects, significantly upregulating pro-inflammatory cytokines (<em>IL-1β</em> and <em>IL-8</em>) while maintaining stable expression of <em>TGF-β</em>, suggesting a robust but well-regulated immune activation. Gut microbiota analysis revealed an increased abundance of health-associated genera, including <em>Bacillus, Pediococcus</em>, and <em>Cetobacterium</em>, indicating potential prebiotic effects. These findings highlight the potential of combining probiotic and immunomodulatory components in functional feeds to enhance digestive efficiency, immune competence, and microbial stability in Nile tilapia aquaculture.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":8103,"journal":{"name":"Aquaculture Reports","volume":"45 ","pages":"Article 103093"},"PeriodicalIF":3.7,"publicationDate":"2025-09-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145047046","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Impact of salinity changes on burrowing behavior and energy metabolism in juvenile razor clam (Sinonovacula constricta)","authors":"Hikaru Shinjo ,&nbsp;Ryo Orita ,&nbsp;Kosuke Shigehisa ,&nbsp;Hiroyuki Kanzaki ,&nbsp;Shohei Noma","doi":"10.1016/j.aqrep.2025.103098","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.aqrep.2025.103098","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The razor clam <em>Sinonovacula constricta</em> is a commercially valuable bivalve in East Asia in intertidal and estuarine soft-bottom habitats; however, wild stocks have declined dramatically in some regions such as Ariake Bay in Japan and this has prompted local governments to implement seedling production and release programs. To assess the effects of salinity fluctuations on juvenile clams after release, two salinity change scenarios, gradual increase (from 25 to 30) and rapid decrease (from 27 to 7), were simulated in the laboratory to examine temporal changes in osmotic regulation, burrowing behavior, and energy metabolism. Gradual salinity increases did not significantly affect the measured parameters (<em>P</em> &gt; 0.05). However, rapid salinity decreases significantly reduced levels of the osmotic regulator alanine (<em>P</em> &lt; 0.01), indicating activation of osmotic adjustment. Additionally, most individuals under rapidly decreasing salinity conditions ceased mud burrowing (<em>P</em> &lt; 0.01), exhibited glycogen depletion (<em>P</em> &lt; 0.001), showed decreased aspartic acid levels (<em>P</em> &lt; 0.001), and accumulated propionic acid (<em>P</em> &lt; 0.001). In summary, rapid salinity decreases elevate energy demands for osmotic regulation in <em>S. constricta</em>, thereby suppressing burrowing activity and triggering anaerobic metabolism due to glycogen depletion. Notably, even under aerobic conditions, juvenile razor clams compensate for glycogen depletion by activating anaerobic pathways to sustain energy production. These findings provide insights into the physiological and behavioral responses of <em>S. constricta</em> to salinity stress, with implications for their management and conservation in variable estuarine environments.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":8103,"journal":{"name":"Aquaculture Reports","volume":"45 ","pages":"Article 103098"},"PeriodicalIF":3.7,"publicationDate":"2025-09-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145047047","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Methanotrophic bacterial meal as an alternative feed ingredient for whiteleg shrimp (Litopenaeus vannamei) diets","authors":"E. Gisbert ,&nbsp;A. Ruiz ,&nbsp;S. Torrecillas ,&nbsp;Y. Cruz-Quintana ,&nbsp;E. Bertomeu ,&nbsp;C. Saromines ,&nbsp;F. Melenchón ,&nbsp;E. Ntokou ,&nbsp;I. Pascual ,&nbsp;S. Reinoso ,&nbsp;S. Sarih ,&nbsp;M.M. Solovyev ,&nbsp;M.D. Furones ,&nbsp;N.W. Thorringer","doi":"10.1016/j.aqrep.2025.103094","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.aqrep.2025.103094","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>A nutritional trial evaluated a bacterial single-cell protein (BSCP) as an alternative to fishmeal (FM) in whiteleg shrimp (<em>Litopenaeus vannamei</em>) diets. Four diets with increasing levels of FM replacement (0, 25, 50 and 75 %), which corresponded to an inclusion of 0, 40, 80 and 120 g BSCP/kg feed, were tested in triplicate for 139 days at 27 ºC. Results showed that up to 50 % FM substitution supported optimal whiteleg shrimp growth performance, whereas 75 % FM replacement reduced shrimp growth by 18.1 % (<em>P</em> &lt; 0.05). No differences in terms of survival, apparent feed conversion ratio, whole-body proximate biochemical composition, and the organization and functionality of the digestive system were found among groups (<em>P</em> &gt; 0.05). Higher FM replacement by BSCP (50 % and 75 %) resulted in decreased levels of total n-3 PUFA and DHA in whiteleg shrimp body contents (<em>P</em> &lt; 0.05), which may be corrected by the increasing the levels of fish oil in diets with high levels of BSCP. Fishmeal replacement at 50 and 75 % by BSCP did not modify alpha diversity indices of gut microbiota, whereas gut bacterial community structures were different (<em>P</em> &lt; 0.05). The replacement of FM by BSCP at 75 % (120 g BSCP/kg) tended to enhance disease resistance of whiteleg shrimp against <em>V. harveyi</em> infection, even though this trend was not significant (<em>P</em> = 0.08), while enhanced the activity of antioxidative stress enzymes (<em>P</em> &lt; 0.05), which pointed out potential immunomodulatory effects of BSCP beyond standard nutritional endpoints. The improved activity of antioxidative stress enzymes coupled with the modulation of gut microbiota might explain the increase in disease resistance trend observed in whiteleg shrimp fed higher BSCP levels. While dietary supplementation with methionine and lysine is required to achieve a well-balanced amino acid profile, these findings confirm the promising role of BSCP as a alternative to FM in shrimp diets.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":8103,"journal":{"name":"Aquaculture Reports","volume":"45 ","pages":"Article 103094"},"PeriodicalIF":3.7,"publicationDate":"2025-09-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145047048","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Differential pathways to hepatic steatosis in fish: Divergent molecular mechanisms underlying high-carbohydrate versus high-lipid diet-induced lipid accumulation","authors":"Xiufei Cao ,&nbsp;Yangyang Huang ,&nbsp;Xiaoyu Chu ,&nbsp;Xi Wang ,&nbsp;Sunyuan Zheng ,&nbsp;Xiaoli Shi ,&nbsp;Xiaoe Xiang ,&nbsp;Linghong Miao ,&nbsp;Wenbin Liu ,&nbsp;Guangzhen Jiang","doi":"10.1016/j.aqrep.2025.103090","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.aqrep.2025.103090","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>High-carbohydrate and high-lipid diets are common high-energy diets that can reduce the protein consumption of fish and increase protein deposition in fish. However, long-term high-energy diets lead to liver steatosis and affect fish health. Fish utilize carbohydrates and fats differently, thus it is necessary to explore the differential effect of high-carbohydrate and high-lipid diets on abnormal liver fat deposition. Three isonitrogenous diets, including the control diets (CD), high-carbohydrate diets (HCD), and high-lipid diets (HFD), were formulated. Here, we reported that no differences were observed in the weight growth rate (WGR), condition factor (CF), and viscerosomatic index (VSI) of fish fed with high-energy diets compared to the control diets. High-lipid and high-carbohydrate diets increased the intraperitoneal fat ratio (IPF) and hepatosomatic index (HSI), respectively. <em>In vivo and in vitro</em>, biochemical parameters demonstrated that long-term high-energy diets caused liver damage in fish, increased liver or hepatocyte triglyceride content by more than 100 %, and inhibited VLDL secretion into plasma or medium. Oil red O staining also confirmed that high-energy diets significantly enhanced the liver lipid area of fish. In terms of ultrastructure, we found that high-carbohydrate diets increased the number of lipid droplets, while high-lipid diets increased the size and number of lipid droplets. Furthermore, high-lipid diets significantly up-regulated the gene or protein expressions related to fat synthesis, endoplasmic reticulum stress, and VLDL assembly <em>in vivo</em> and <em>in vitro</em>, while high-carbohydrate diets only up-regulated the expression of fat synthesis-related genes. These results indicated that high-carbohydrate diets induced hepatic fat deposition mainly through fat synthesis, but high-lipid diets promoted fat synthesis and inhibited VLDL secretion induced by endoplasmic reticulum stress. This study provides a molecular pathway for targeting hepatic steatosis caused by different energy diets.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":8103,"journal":{"name":"Aquaculture Reports","volume":"45 ","pages":"Article 103090"},"PeriodicalIF":3.7,"publicationDate":"2025-09-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145047044","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Autophagy and energy metabolism drive molting regulation in Macrobrachium rosenbergii: Insights from histological, physiological, and transcriptomic analyses","authors":"Yakun Wang ,&nbsp;Kunhao Hong ,&nbsp;Jie Wei ,&nbsp;Qiaoyan Zhou ,&nbsp;Tianhui Jiao ,&nbsp;Sikai Xu ,&nbsp;Lingyun Yu","doi":"10.1016/j.aqrep.2025.103100","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.aqrep.2025.103100","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Molting is a critical event throughout the life cycle of crustaceans; however, the regulatory mechanisms underlying molting in <em>Macrobrachium rosenbergii</em> remain poorly understood. In this study, we employed transmission electron microscopy, molecular biology techniques, and transcriptome sequencing to systematically investigate the molting regulation in <em>M. rosenbergii</em>. The results revealed that the exoskeleton cuticle primarily consists of the epicuticle, exocuticle, and endocuticle. The cuticle underwent periodic structural remodeling during the molting cycle, with its thickness initially increasing and subsequently decreasing. Additionally, the hemolymph levels of 20-hydroxyecdysone (20E), crustacean hyperglycemic hormone (CHH), and the energy molecule ATP were significantly elevated during the molt and post-molt stages compared to the inter-molt and pre-molt stages, and melatonin (MT) content was significantly higher in post-molt stage than the other stages (<em>p</em> &lt; 0.05). Transcriptome analysis revealed that differentially expressed genes (DEGs) were significantly enriched in the lysosomal pathway. Notably, the expression levels of key DEGs (e.g., <em>Lmp2l</em>, <em>Mfsd6l</em>, <em>ATP13a3</em>, <em>Pipoxl</em>) were significantly correlated with ecdysteroid levels (<em>p</em> &lt; 0.05). Specifically, 20E levels were positively correlated with the expression of <em>Mfsd6l</em> and <em>ATP13a3</em> during the pre-molt stage, while CHH levels were positively correlated with <em>Pipoxl</em> expression in the post-molt stage (<em>p</em> &lt; 0.05). In the post-molt stage, interaction network analysis indicated that highly expressed genes were primarily enriched in the lysosome, steroid hormone biosynthesis, retinol metabolism, AMPK, and FoxO pathways. Collectively, these findings highlight the central roles of autophagy (lysosomal pathway) and energy metabolism (AMPK/FoxO pathways) in molting regulation, providing essential data for advancing the understanding of molting physiology and improving culture management strategies.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":8103,"journal":{"name":"Aquaculture Reports","volume":"45 ","pages":"Article 103100"},"PeriodicalIF":3.7,"publicationDate":"2025-09-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145047045","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Genomic differentiation between wild Caspian Sea and Iranian farmed common carp (Cyprinus carpio) using 2bRAD-seq","authors":"Roya Bakhtiar ,&nbsp;Seyed Reza Miraei Ashtiani ,&nbsp;Ardeshir Nejati Javaremi ,&nbsp;Mohammad Hossein Moradi ,&nbsp;Paulino Martínez","doi":"10.1016/j.aqrep.2025.103087","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.aqrep.2025.103087","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>This study investigates the genomic differentiation between wild common carp from the Caspian Sea and farmed common carp from various regions of Iran. DNA was extracted from 49 individuals' tail fin samples. Genomic libraries were prepared using 2bRAD-Seq. 64,645 SNP markers passed the final quality control. The F_ST analysis was done using R software to determine genetic divergence between wild and farmed populations, northern and southern farmed populations, and carp with normal scale patterns against those with different scale pattern (line and mirror). F_ST investigation of farmed and wild common carp revealed several interesting genes close to outlier loci, including <em>birc6, cleavage stimulation factor subunit 2-like, mucolipin-1-like</em> and <em>cytochrome c oxidase subunit gene 5 A</em>. These genes were linked to biological pathways such as ubiquitin-mediated proteolysis, mRNA surveillance, oxidative phosphorylation, metabolism, and cardiac muscle contraction.The <em>grm3</em> gene, which is implicated in the biological process of the neuroactive ligand-receptor interaction pathway, was identified by comparing southern (Shahid Maleki) and northern (Silver Carp and Taavoni12) farmed populations. Key genes such as <em>5-hydroxytryptamine receptor 1E, WAS/WASL-interacting protein family member 1-like</em> and <em>protein kinase C eta type-like</em>, were finally identified through comparison of farmed carp with line and mirror against normal scale patterns. These genes are involved in pathways linked to neuroactive ligand-receptor interaction, endocytosis and vascular smooth muscle contraction. Overall, this study represents a foundational step in understanding genomic differentiation between wild and farmed common carp in Iran, offering valuable insights into the genetic basis of traits such as scale pattern variation in this species.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":8103,"journal":{"name":"Aquaculture Reports","volume":"45 ","pages":"Article 103087"},"PeriodicalIF":3.7,"publicationDate":"2025-09-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145047043","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"IGF/MIP promotes shell growth through activation of Runt-related transcription factors in the pearl oyster Pinctada fucata martensii","authors":"Ping Wang ,&nbsp;Minxin Liang ,&nbsp;Hongmei Yang ,&nbsp;WenHao Yu ,&nbsp;Yong Liu ,&nbsp;Jiawei Zhang ,&nbsp;Yongshan Liao ,&nbsp;Yuewen Deng ,&nbsp;Zhe Zheng","doi":"10.1016/j.aqrep.2025.103099","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.aqrep.2025.103099","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Biomineralization, the biologically controlled process of shell (exoskeleton) formation, is a critical indicator of growth in mollusks. In the pearl oyster <em>Pinctada fucata martensii</em>, the insulin-like growth factor (IGF) homolog MIP-1 and the Runt-related transcription factor PmRunt have been identified as key regulators of shell development. However, the phenotypic effects and regulatory mechanisms of these genes remain poorly understood. In this study, RNA interference (RNAi) was used to suppress PmRunt expression, resulting in significant reductions in shell length, height, width, and nacre thickness by 42.86 %, 42.86 %, 66.67 %, and 83.63 %, respectively, compared to that observed in the control. Similarly, pharmacological inhibition of PmRunt activation using RO5–3335 significantly decreased shell length, height, and width growth rates by 20 %, 33 %, and 66.67 %, respectively. Furthermore, overexpression of MIP-1 via recombinant protein injection significantly increased the transcriptional and post-translational activation of PmRunt, whereas RNAi-mediated knockdown of MIP-1 had the opposite effect (P &lt; 0.05). Western blot analysis confirmed that MIP-1 overexpression significantly increased the expression and phosphorylation levels of PmRunt protein compared to that in the control, while MIP-1 knockdown significantly reduced these levels (P &lt; 0.05). Dual-luciferase assays revealed that MIP-1 overexpression significantly enhanced the promoter activity of the PmRunt gene (P &lt; 0.05). Together, these findings reveal that MIP-1 facilitates shell growth and nacre deposition in <em>P. f. martensii</em> by upregulating and activating PmRunt through transcriptional and phosphorylation-mediated mechanisms. This study highlights the pivotal role of the MIP-1/PmRunt axis signaling in regulating biomineralization, providing valuable insights into genetic strategies for enhancing pearl oyster shell formation and pearl quality.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":8103,"journal":{"name":"Aquaculture Reports","volume":"45 ","pages":"Article 103099"},"PeriodicalIF":3.7,"publicationDate":"2025-09-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145027428","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}