Genome-wide characterization of chemosensory receptor genes in octopus and identification of key genes involved in paralarval benthic settlement

IF 3.7 2区农林科学 Q1 FISHERIES

Aquaculture Reports Pub Date : 2025-09-19 DOI:10.1016/j.aqrep.2025.103107

Li Bian , Ying Qiao , Juanwen Yu , Jinchao Zhu , Tianshi Zhang , Qing Chang , Siqing Chen

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Abstract

The high mortality rate during the benthic settlement process of Octopus sinensis paralarvae represents the primary technical bottleneck constraining the development of its aquaculture industry. The functional roles of chemical factors in this critical transitional phase are unknown. Considering the crucial role of chemosensory receptor genes in chemical factor perception, this study identified three classes of chemosensory receptor genes—Olfactory Receptors (ORs), Ionotropic Receptors (IRs), and Acetylcholine Receptors (ARs)—in both merobenthic species (O. sinensis, Octopus vulgaris) and holobenthic species (Octopus minor, Amphioctopus fangsiao). The results demonstrated that the number of chemosensory receptor genes identified in all species in this study was comparable. Tissue expression analysis revealed that IRs were widely expressed across multiple olfaction-related organs, while the cephalopod-specific ARs were predominantly expressed in suckers and sucker epithelium. From hatching to adulthood, merobenthic paralarvae exhibited downregulation of nearly half of their chemosensory receptor genes, whereas holobenthic paralarvae showed only about 10 % gene downregulation, reflecting distinct chemosensory receptor expression patterns driven by divergent ecological adaptations between the hatchlings of these two life-history strategies. Based on the analysis of chemosensory receptor gene expression levels at different developmental stages of merobenthic paralarvae, RYamide receptor, Cholecystokinin receptor A (CCKAR), and Free fatty acid receptor 4 (FFAR4) were identified as potential key chemosensory receptor genes involved in the benthic settlement process. All three genes were functionally linked to feeding regulation, suggesting that chemical factors may regulate paralarval physiological functions related to feeding, thereby helping paralarvae conserve energy while awaiting the maturation of their nervous system and arm functionality, which would facilitate a successful transition to benthic settlement. This study laid a solid foundation for identifying key chemical factors involved in the benthic settlement process, which will contribute to breakthroughs in artificial seedling breeding techniques for O. sinensis and promote the development of its aquaculture industry.

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章鱼化学感觉受体基因的全基因组特征及底栖生物幼虫沉降相关关键基因的鉴定

中华章鱼幼虫在底栖定居过程中的高死亡率是制约其水产养殖业发展的主要技术瓶颈。化学因子在这一关键过渡阶段的功能作用尚不清楚。考虑到化学感觉受体基因在化学因子感知中的重要作用，本研究确定了三种化学感觉受体基因：嗅觉受体（ORs）、嗜离子受体（IRs）和乙酰胆碱受体（ARs），它们分别存在于中底生物种（O. sinensis、Octopus vulgaris）和全底生物种（Octopus minor、Amphioctopus fangsiao）中。结果表明，本研究中鉴定的所有物种的化学感觉受体基因数量具有可比性。组织表达分析显示，ir在多个嗅觉相关器官中广泛表达，而头足类动物特异性ar主要在吸盘和吸盘上皮中表达。从孵化到成虫，中底生幼虫的化学感觉受体基因下调了近一半，而全底生幼虫的化学感觉受体基因仅下调了约10% %，这反映了这两种生活史策略的孵化幼虫之间不同的生态适应驱动了不同的化学感觉受体表达模式。通过对美洛苯代幼虫不同发育阶段化学感觉受体基因表达水平的分析，确定了RYamide受体、Cholecystokinin受体A （CCKAR）和游离脂肪酸受体4 （FFAR4）是参与底栖生物沉降过程的潜在关键化学感觉受体基因。这三个基因在功能上都与摄食调节有关，这表明化学因素可能调节与摄食有关的幼虫生理功能，从而帮助幼虫在等待神经系统和手臂功能成熟时保存能量，这将有助于成功过渡到底栖动物定居。本研究为确定底栖生物沉降过程的关键化学因子奠定了坚实的基础，将有助于突破中华白鲟人工育苗技术，促进中华白鲟养殖业的发展。

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来源期刊

Aquaculture Reports Agricultural and Biological Sciences-Animal Science and Zoology

CiteScore

5.90

自引率

8.10%

发文量

469

审稿时长

77 days

期刊介绍： Aquaculture Reports will publish original research papers and reviews documenting outstanding science with a regional context and focus, answering the need for high quality information on novel species, systems and regions in emerging areas of aquaculture research and development, such as integrated multi-trophic aquaculture, urban aquaculture, ornamental, unfed aquaculture, offshore aquaculture and others. Papers having industry research as priority and encompassing product development research or current industry practice are encouraged.