Effects of fermented Clitocybe maxima stalk waste and soybean meal mixture on growth, serum biochemistry, and gut health in juvenile Larimichthys crocea

IF 3.7 2区农林科学 Q1 FISHERIES

Aquaculture Reports Pub Date : 2025-08-14 DOI:10.1016/j.aqrep.2025.103045

Xi-Yue Ding , Yu-Hang Hong , Zi-Yan Liu , Guo-He Cai , Pan Wang , Chuang-Zhong Zhu , Kang-Le Lu , Hong-Ling Yang , Yun-Zhang Sun

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引用次数: 0

Abstract

A 56-day feeding trial was carried out to compare the effects of big clitocybe (Clitocybe maxima) stalk waste and soybean meal (SBM) mixture fermented by microorganisms alone (BFBS) or in combination with enzymes (EBFBS) on growth performance, serum biochemistry, and gut health in large yellow croaker (Larimichthys crocea). Fermented ingredients (BFBS and EBFBS) were included at 10 % in the diet, replacing SBM. Large yellow croaker was randomly assigned to three groups (control, BFPS, and EBFPS) with four replicates per group. Results showed that BFBS and EBFBS improved growth performance, feed utilization, and organ-somatic indices. Dietary BFBS and EBFBS significantly elevated serum alkaline phosphatase and acid phosphatase activities, and reduced serum aspartate transaminase and alanine transferase activities, IL-1β and TGF-β1 contents, indicating systemic immune stimulation and inflammation inhibition in croakers. Dietary BFBS and EBFBS decreased serum D-lactate content and diamine oxidase activities, in parallel with the enhancements of muscle thickness, villus height, and expressions of zo-1 and claudin-11 mRNA. Moreover, BFBS and EBFBS moderately activated intestinal inflammation and inhibited TLRs signaling, showing up-regulation of pro-inflammatory il-1β and il-6 and down-regulation of tlr1, tlr2b, and anti-inflammatory il-4/13a, il-10, and tgf-β1. BFBS and EBFBS increased diversities of gut microbiota; meanwhile, the enhancement of Firmicutes (only in BFBS group) and the reduction of Proteobacteria (only in BFBS group) and Brevinema were observed in BFBS and EBFBS groups, suggesting that fermented feedstuffs could positively shape the gut microbiota. In conclusion, BFBS and EBFBS have excellent potential in improving growth, immunity, and intestinal health of large yellow croaker (L. crocea). It is worth noting that EBFBS, in particular, showed superior performance in these aspects compared to BFBS, indicating that enzyme-assisted bacterial fermentation may be a more effective approach for ingredient fermentation. The work will provide a novel insight into the development of effective protein sources for aquafeeds and high-value utilization of residual wastes in the mushrooms processing chain.

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发酵大阴蒂菇秸秆与豆粕混合物对胭脂鱼幼鱼生长、血清生化及肠道健康的影响

本试验旨在比较微生物单独发酵（BFBS）和酶加发酵（EBFBS）发酵大阴蒂虫（clitocybe maxima）秸秆与豆粕（SBM）混合物对大黄鱼生长性能、血清生化和肠道健康的影响。在饲粮中添加发酵成分（BFBS和EBFBS），添加量为10% %，替代SBM。将大黄鱼随机分为3组（对照组、BFPS组和EBFPS组），每组4个重复。结果表明，BFBS和EBFBS可提高生长性能、饲料利用率和脏体指标。饲粮中添加BFBS和EBFBS显著提高了斑马鱼血清碱性磷酸酶和酸性磷酸酶活性，降低了血清天冬氨酸转氨酶和丙氨酸转移酶活性，以及IL-1β和TGF-β1含量，显示出全身免疫刺激和炎症抑制作用。饲粮中添加BFBS和EBFBS降低了血清d -乳酸含量和二胺氧化酶活性，同时提高了肌肉厚度、绒毛高度以及zo-1和cludin -11 mRNA的表达。此外，BFBS和EBFBS适度激活肠道炎症，抑制TLRs信号传导，促炎il-1β和il-6上调，tlr1、tlr2b下调，抗炎il-4/13a、il-10和tgf-β1下调。BFBS和EBFBS增加了肠道菌群的多样性；同时，在BFBS和EBFBS组中，厚壁菌门（仅在BFBS组中）增加，变形菌门（仅在BFBS组中）和Brevinema减少，表明发酵饲料对肠道微生物群具有积极的塑造作用。综上所述，BFBS和EBFBS在促进大黄鱼生长、免疫和肠道健康方面具有良好的潜力。值得注意的是，与BFBS相比，EBFBS在这些方面表现出更优越的性能，这表明酶辅助细菌发酵可能是一种更有效的成分发酵方法。这项工作将为开发水产饲料的有效蛋白质来源和蘑菇加工链中残余废物的高价值利用提供新的见解。

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来源期刊

Aquaculture Reports Agricultural and Biological Sciences-Animal Science and Zoology

CiteScore

5.90

自引率

8.10%

发文量

469

审稿时长

77 days

期刊介绍： Aquaculture Reports will publish original research papers and reviews documenting outstanding science with a regional context and focus, answering the need for high quality information on novel species, systems and regions in emerging areas of aquaculture research and development, such as integrated multi-trophic aquaculture, urban aquaculture, ornamental, unfed aquaculture, offshore aquaculture and others. Papers having industry research as priority and encompassing product development research or current industry practice are encouraged.