Trees最新文献

{"title":"Towards an objective assessment of tree vitality: a case study based on 3D laser scanning","authors":"Marius G. Heidenreich,&nbsp;Kirsten Höwler,&nbsp;Dominik Seidel","doi":"10.1007/s00468-024-02525-6","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s00468-024-02525-6","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Analyzing fine branch length characteristics in beech trees using single-tree QSMs derived from laser scanning reveals insights into drought-induced changes in vitality, which include branch shedding and reduced shoot growth.</p><p>Climate change causes increasing temperatures and precipitation anomalies, which result in deteriorations of tree health and declines in ecosystem services of forests. It is therefore crucial to monitor tree vitality to preserve forests and their functions. However, methods describing tree vitality in situ are lacking reproducibility or are too laborious. Thus, we tested a laser-scanning based approach, assuming that an objective measurement of a tree’s outer shape should reveal changes according to tree vitality. QSMs of similarly sized beech trees from stands with varying degrees of drought damage were used. Absolute and relative fine branch lengths, their ratio to lower order branches’ lengths and their progressions over relative height were targeted to identify fine branch dieback and reduced growth. The absolute fine branch length was significantly lower for less vital beech trees, especially within the upper crown, leading to a less top-heavy vertical distribution of fine branches and a reduced fine-to-base order branch length ratio. Hence, height-dependent characteristics of fine branch lengths differed between vitalities. We conclude that using fine branch length characteristics derived from QSMs can be helpful in vitality assessments of beech trees. Still, uncertainties with regard to the plotwise assessment and problems with QSM quality are present.</p>","PeriodicalId":805,"journal":{"name":"Trees","volume":"38 4","pages":"927 - 940"},"PeriodicalIF":2.1,"publicationDate":"2024-05-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://link.springer.com/content/pdf/10.1007/s00468-024-02525-6.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141166826","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Genome-wide identification of 9-cis-epoxy-carotenoid dioxygenases (NCEDs) and potential function of OfNCED4 in carotenoid biosynthesis of Osmanthus fragrans","authors":"Yanxia Du,&nbsp;Lin Peng,&nbsp;Bin Dong,&nbsp;Shiwei Zhong,&nbsp;Jinping Deng,&nbsp;Qiu Fang,&nbsp;Zheng Xiao,&nbsp;Yiguang Wang,&nbsp;Hongbo Zhao","doi":"10.1007/s00468-024-02522-9","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s00468-024-02522-9","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Key message</h3><p>We identified seven OfNCEDs and analyzed the potential function of OfNCED4, which is involved in the biosynthesis of carotenoids and abscisic acid in <i>Osmanthus fragrans</i>.</p><h3>Abstract</h3><p>In plants, 9-<i>cis</i>-epoxycarotenoid dioxygenases (NCEDs) can cleave carotenoids and are rate-limiting enzymes for the biosynthesis of abscisic acid (ABA). Sweet osmanthus (<i>Osmanthus fragrans</i> Lour.), an important ornamental and fragrant tree, contains abundant carotenoids in its flowers. To examine the function of the 9-<i>cis</i>-epoxycarotenoid dioxygenases (NCEDs) involved in ABA biosynthesis and floral coloration in <i>O. fragrans</i>, the sequences of seven OfNCEDs were isolated from the genomic DNA and cDNA of <i>O. fragrans</i>. A bioinformatics analysis showed that these <i>OfNCEDs</i> encode 422 ~ 591 amino acids, and they all contain the RPE65 domain. These <i>OfNCEDs</i> showed different patterns of expression, and that of <i>OfNCED4</i> was most consistent to the patterns of ABA accumulation during the flowering process. Moreover, the levels of expression of seven <i>OfNCEDs</i> in the <i>O. fragrans</i> flowers were significantly induced by exogenous ABA. ABA-responsive elements were found in the promoters of <i>OfNCEDs</i>. The overexpression of <i>OfNCED4</i> resulted in increased contents of chlorophylls, carotenoids and ABA, and up-regulation of <i>NtCRTISO</i>, <i>NtLCYE</i>, <i>NtLCYB</i>, and <i>NtNXS</i>, and down-regulation of <i>NtCCD1</i> and <i>NtCCD4</i> in tobacco leaves. It suggests that OfNCED4 probably mediates the biosynthesis of ABA. Taken together, this study systematically identified the bioinformatics, pattern of expression of <i>OfNCED</i> genes and the potential function of OfNCED4, which could provide molecular evidence for further research on the regulation of carotenoid biosynthesis and floral color of <i>O. fragrans</i>.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":805,"journal":{"name":"Trees","volume":"38 4","pages":"891 - 902"},"PeriodicalIF":2.1,"publicationDate":"2024-05-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141118427","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Growth and physiological responses of Atlantic Forest tree seedlings to nitrogen and phosphorus addition","authors":"João Pedro Batista Fernandes Cunha,&nbsp;José Antonio Pimenta,&nbsp;José Marcelo Domingues Torezan,&nbsp;Halley Caixeta de Oliveira,&nbsp;Renata Stolf-Moreira","doi":"10.1007/s00468-024-02523-8","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s00468-024-02523-8","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Key Message</h3><p>Atlantic Forest tree seedlings with contrasting ecological characteristics present specific growth and physiological responses to nitrogen and phosphorus addition in the soil.</p><h3>Abstract</h3><p>Nitrogen (N) and phosphorus (P) are commonly the most limiting nutrients for plant growth in tropical forests. Many of these ecosystems are exposed to increasing rates of anthropogenic nutrient deposition. This study aims to assess how five Atlantic Forest tree species respond to N and P addition to the soil. Five species with different levels of shade tolerance were subjected to nine weekly soil applications of (NH₄)₂SO₄ (84 kg N ha⁻¹ treatment N), NaH₂PO₄ (45 kg P ha⁻¹ treatment P), both nutrients (treatment N + P), or water. Soil, foliar nutrient concentrations, and biometric and gas exchange analyses were performed. No changes in the soil pH or total N and P availability were observed in the soil after N addition, whereas P accumulated in the soil and leaves of three species after P addition. The pioneer species <i>H</i>. <i>popayanensis</i> presented increased total biomass with P and N+P treatments, while <i>C</i>. <i>floribundus</i> increased with P treatment and <i>C</i>. <i>pachystachya</i> increased with N + P treatment. N and P treatments reduced the photosynthesis of C. pachystachya and the stomatal conductance of <i>C</i>. <i>pachystachya</i> and <i>C</i>. <i>floribundus</i>. The growth rate and total biomass of <i>C</i>. <i>estrellensis</i> reduced with N and P treatments and increased with N+P treatment. <i>Aspidosperma polyneuron</i> presented reduced photosynthesis with N treatment, but increased total biomass with all treatments, especially N + P. The diversity of growth and physiological responses to N and P addition suggests that each species has specific nutrient requirements and uses strategies related to the niche occupied by each one.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":805,"journal":{"name":"Trees","volume":"38 4","pages":"903 - 913"},"PeriodicalIF":2.1,"publicationDate":"2024-05-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141122259","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Different responses of herbivore abundance to plant genotypic diversity depending on herbivore host specificity","authors":"Masahiro Nakamura,&nbsp;Bingpin Shan,&nbsp;Hino Takafumi,&nbsp;Chisato Terada","doi":"10.1007/s00468-024-02521-w","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s00468-024-02521-w","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Key message</h3><p>The response of herbivore abundance to birch genotypic diversity varies depending on the host specificity of the herbivores. Specialist, but not generalist, herbivores were affected by birch genotypic diversity.</p><h3>Abstract</h3><p>Biological control is an important ecosystem service mediated through plant diversity. Responses of herbivore abundance to plant genotypic diversity may depend on host specificity, especially the host-feeding type. We conducted a common-garden experiment by manipulating plot-level genotypic diversity (number of source populations per plot) of Erman’s birch (<i>Betula ermanii</i>) to understand how birch genotypic diversity affected the abundance of three herbivore feeding types (chewers, galls, and suckers). Specifically, we investigated whether the effects of plant genotypic diversity on herbivore abundance were additive or non-additive. Furthermore, we examined this mechanism as a possible change in plant phenotype (plant productivity and/or leaf traits) and/or herbivore foraging behavior (associational resistance with neighboring plant individuals). We found that genotypic diversity had a significant positive effect on condensed tannin concentration; however, it did not affect plant growth. There was no effect of increasing birch genotypic diversity on the density of chewers (generalists) and chewing herbivory, whereas the density of galls and suckers (specialists) decreased significantly. A negative non-additive effect was observed with regard to gall density and a negative additive effect on sucker density was observed. Gall density was not related to the increase in condensed tannins affected by birch genotypic diversity. This implies that associational resistance is more likely to explain the negative non-additive effects on gall density. Our study shows that the loss of birch genotypic diversity due to shrinking population sizes will strongly affect specialist herbivores in the boreal forests of Hokkaido.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":805,"journal":{"name":"Trees","volume":"38 4","pages":"879 - 890"},"PeriodicalIF":2.1,"publicationDate":"2024-05-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140974299","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Updated dendrochronology and axial variation of climatic sensitivity in Sequoiadendron giganteum","authors":"Allyson L. Carroll,&nbsp;Stephen C. Sillett","doi":"10.1007/s00468-024-02517-6","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s00468-024-02517-6","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Key message</h3><p>Dendroclimatic sensitivity varies by axial position for <i>Sequoiadendron giganteum</i>: negative correlations with June temperature strengthen with height, while positive correlations with snow water are strongest in the lower trunk.</p><p>Increment cores collected along trunks of mature <i>Sequoiadendron giganteum</i> provide new and updated ring-width chronologies ideal for assessing how height above ground affects sensitivity of radial growth to climatic variation. Chronologies from 61 living trees at nine locations across the geographic distribution span 1973 yr. Analyses of subsets of 18–44 trees reveal that correlations between radial increments and climate (temperature, water availability) vary with axial position. Negative correlations with maximum and minimum June temperature intensify with height and are strongest at the highest position analyzed (60 m above ground). Sensitivity to the hydroclimate variable of April-1 snow water equivalent is stronger at lower trunk positions (10 m) compared to breast height or the upper trunk, and a similar relationship is identified for the standardized precipitation evapotranspiration index using a 12-month window ending in September. Drought-induced low-growth years computed as radial increment relative to the mean of 10 yr before and after are more weakly expressed at breast height compared to higher on the trunk (10–60 m). Analysis of regional upper (maximum core height = 87 m) versus lower trunk (above buttress) chronologies corroborate differing inter-annual correlations with climate depending on height above ground. Accounting for axial variation in dendroclimatic sensitivity can maximize the quality of environmental reconstructions using tree rings and improve biophysical understanding of <i>Sequoiadendron</i>, especially in the context of an increasingly arid climate.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":805,"journal":{"name":"Trees","volume":"38 4","pages":"863 - 877"},"PeriodicalIF":2.1,"publicationDate":"2024-05-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://link.springer.com/content/pdf/10.1007/s00468-024-02517-6.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140933949","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Assessment of genetic diversity of local Tunisian peach accessions [Prunus persica (L.) Batsch] using SSR markers","authors":"Donia Abdallah,&nbsp;Ghada Baraket,&nbsp;Verónica Pérez,&nbsp;Sana Ben Mustapha,&nbsp;Amel Salhi-Hannachi,&nbsp;J. Iñaki Hormaza","doi":"10.1007/s00468-024-02520-x","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s00468-024-02520-x","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Key message</h3><p>This work belongs to the Tunisian conservation strategies of local fruit tree resources. Results highlighted the important genetic richness of Tunisian peach as an unexplored source for peach future breeding.</p><h3>Abstract</h3><p>Tunisia is characterized by a rich genetic heritage of fruit trees. Nevertheless, local Tunisian accessions of different fruit crops face several threats that are causing a dramatic loss of some of these valuable landraces. This study was conducted to evaluate the genetic diversity and population structure of 23 Tunisian peach accessions using 27 microsatellite (SSR) loci. These Tunisian accessions were compared with accessions from America, mainland Spain and the island of La Palma (Canary Islands, Spain). A considerable genetic diversity was observed in Tunisian genotypes with allelic richness value of 0.47. The genetic richness was 0.37 in La Palma genotypes, 0.3 in mainland Spain and 0.38 in the American genotypes. Eight private alleles were obtained in the Tunisian genotypes, while six were observed in the mainland Spanish pool, five in the American pool and six in the La Palma pool. Structure analyses and similarity dendrogram based on SSRs were clearly consistent with a geographic structuring and highlighted the different introduction pathways of <i>Prunus persica</i> into Tunisia.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":805,"journal":{"name":"Trees","volume":"38 3","pages":"823 - 837"},"PeriodicalIF":2.1,"publicationDate":"2024-05-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140934216","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Needle and bud scale development in Picea abies","authors":"Carol L. Wenzel,&nbsp;Anny Y. Xia,&nbsp;Rebecca Saunders,&nbsp;Han Han Ly,&nbsp;Anson Mo,&nbsp;David M. Holloway","doi":"10.1007/s00468-024-02518-5","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s00468-024-02518-5","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Key message</h3><p>Variation in lateral organ morphology identifies the timing of annual transitions between bud scale and needle identity in conifer buds.</p><h3>Abstract</h3><p>Vegetative tissue is generated from the shoot apical meristem (SAM) at branch tips. Temperate and boreal conifers have determinate growth, in which a year’s complement of needles all begin to form in the summer of Year 1 (Y1), overwinter in a protective bud, then emerge and mature in spring and summer of Year 2 (Y2). Buds are protected by bud scales (bss), which are initiated in spring Y1 prior to needle initiation. Through the annual cycle of needle and bud formation, the SAM alternately produces needle or bs lateral organs. Detailed classification of vegetative lateral organ morphologies in <i>Picea abies</i> (Norway spruce) showed that while the majority of lateral organs are clearly either of needle or bs type, a number of organs in any given bud are intermediate, having both needle and bs characteristics. These transitional organs form the basal outer protective layers of the bud. This work documents the variety of bs morphologies involved in forming the overall bud. Needle and bs counts show a clear distinction in initiation times for each type. bs initiation coincides with spring bud elongation, while needle initiation lags this by 2–3 months. This suggests distinct, temporally separated signals for bs and needle tissue differentiation. The transitional forms suggest some primordia form at times when they are susceptible to both needle and bs differentiation signals. Measurements of shoot apex dimensions show that, in addition to an increasing number of needle primordia on the shoot apex over the summer, the needle primordia themselves undergo an expansion in the fall prior to dormancy.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":805,"journal":{"name":"Trees","volume":"38 3","pages":"777 - 792"},"PeriodicalIF":2.1,"publicationDate":"2024-05-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140889335","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Genome-wide identification and analysis of UBP gene family in Quercus robur","authors":"Kaixuan Song,&nbsp;Boyu Zhang,&nbsp;Liang Du","doi":"10.1007/s00468-024-02519-4","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s00468-024-02519-4","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Ubiquitin-specific proteases (UBPs), the largest group of deubiquitinating enzymes (DUBs), play pivotal roles in various aspects of plant physiology including growth, development, and stress response by maintaining the ubiquitin molecule pool or removing ubiquitin from targeted proteins. While numerous studies exist on UBPs across various plant species, studies focusing on the Fagaceae family remain scarce. In this study, 20 <i>UBP</i> genes were identified in <i>Quercus robur</i> and phylogenetically classified into 12 groups, supported by domain organization and conserved motif composition. The gene structures and chromosomal localizations of these genes were elucidated. To understand the evolution of the <i>QrUBP</i> gene family, synteny analysis was conducted among <i>Q. robur</i> and five other plant species. Notably, four <i>QrUBP</i> genes (<i>QrUBP3</i>, <i>QrUBP12A</i>, <i>QrUBP16</i>, and <i>QrUBP23</i>) were found to have at least four isogenous gene pairs, implying important roles in the phylogenetic process of the <i>UBP</i> gene family. Moreover, cis-acting elements analysis reveals that the <i>QrUBP</i> promoters contain a large number of hormone-response elements and stress-response elements. The RT-qPCR analysis of roots, stems, and leaves indicates that some of the <i>QrUBP</i> genes were expressed ubiquitously, while others were organ-specific. For example, QrUBP15* was primarily expressed in roots, while QrUBP8 showed tissue-specific expression in stems. Additionally, comprehensive physicochemical and subcellular localization analyses were conducted. Collectively, this comprehensive study provides insights into the <i>UBP</i> gene family in <i>Q. robur</i>, laying a solid foundation for future investigations elucidating the functional roles of <i>QrUBP</i> genes in plant growth and stress responses.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":805,"journal":{"name":"Trees","volume":"38 3","pages":"807 - 821"},"PeriodicalIF":2.1,"publicationDate":"2024-05-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140889259","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Field performance of 17-year-old micropropagated hybrid aspen clones and aspen seedlings at three sites in Germany","authors":"Georg von Wühlisch,&nbsp;M. Raj Ahuja","doi":"10.1007/s00468-024-02512-x","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s00468-024-02512-x","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Micropropagated clones from thirteen hybrid aspen (<i>Populus tremula</i> L. x <i>P. tremuloides</i> Michx.), two <i>P. tremula</i> clones, and seedlings of three open pollinated <i>P</i>. <i>tremula</i> families were field-tested up to the age of 17 years on three sites in northwestern Germany. Twelve of these clones have earlier been approved under the category “Tested Material” in the multiclonal variety ‘Grosshansdorf’. Growth and development of the tissue culture derived clones and the seedlings were monitored in a long-term field trial. Survival, growth potential, and trunk as well branching habit were studied. The field evaluations have shown no negative effects of micropropagation on the growth potential, or tree morphology of hybrid aspen clones. On more favorable sites the hybrid aspen clones demonstrated their distinct superiority as compared to <i>P. tremula</i> trees<i>.</i> Our data indicates that miropropagated hybrid aspen clones offer new opportunities as a choice material for their better performance, especially on more favorable sites.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":805,"journal":{"name":"Trees","volume":"38 3","pages":"743 - 752"},"PeriodicalIF":2.1,"publicationDate":"2024-04-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140801774","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"February–March minimum temperature record from cold-arid Lahaul-Spiti, Himachal Pradesh, India, and its hydrological implications","authors":"Vikram Singh,&nbsp;Krishna G. Misra,&nbsp;Ram R. Yadav,&nbsp;Akhilesh K. Yadava","doi":"10.1007/s00468-024-02510-z","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s00468-024-02510-z","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>The increasing number of climate-associated disasters in the Himalayan region causing a huge impact on human life and the ecosystem are the bellwethers of climate change. Weather records from the high Himalayas, though sparse and limited to the past few decades, show its sensitivity to global climate change. However, short observational records preclude our understanding of long-term climate variation over the topographically controlled Himalaya. In view of this, tree-ring data of Himalayan birch trees from the cold-arid Lahaul-Spiti, Himachal Pradesh, western Himalaya is analyzed in the present study. The response function analysis of Himalayan birch chronologies with climate variables revealed a significant impact of February–March minimum temperature in radial growth of Himalayan birch. Taking this relationship as a guide, we developed the first record of winter/spring (February–March) minimum temperature for this region. The reconstructed minimum temperature record reveals annual to decadal scale variability associated with several prolonged cold and warm periods. A strong association of warm/cold phases of February–March temperature with low/high snow water equivalent of western Himalaya, as well as seasonal snow and glacial derived streamflow of the upper Indus River basin was identified. The observed hydrological linkages were further tested using river flow records of the Satluj and Indus Rivers of the western Himalaya. The observed opposite relationship between winter–spring minimum temperature and the summer hydro-climatic records can be of immense use to policymakers, agriculture stockholders, and hydropower project officials to take precautionary measures in advance.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":805,"journal":{"name":"Trees","volume":"38 3","pages":"709 - 723"},"PeriodicalIF":2.1,"publicationDate":"2024-04-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140624493","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}