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Annual review of medicine最新文献

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Xenotransplantation: Promises and Perils. 异种移植：希望与危险。
IF 22.1 1区 医学
Annual review of medicine Pub Date : 2025-10-08 DOI: 10.1146/annurev-med-043024-015252
Joseph M Ladowski, Nagham Bazzi, Allan D Kirk
{"title":"Xenotransplantation: Promises and Perils.","authors":"Joseph M Ladowski, Nagham Bazzi, Allan D Kirk","doi":"10.1146/annurev-med-043024-015252","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1146/annurev-med-043024-015252","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Xenotransplantation of genetically modified pig organs has the potential to change the landscape of transplantation and chronic disease management by providing limitless personalized organs on demand. Decades of progress have resulted in recent US Food and Drug Administration approval for human clinical trials. Understandably, hope for the field is at a maximum, fueled by exciting anecdotal experiences, each providing new insights and questions. While further work is needed before widespread clinical application is plausible, the promise of xenotransplantation has never been more evident. In this review, we seek to highlight recent progress, suggest remaining research questions, and touch on the future of the field.</p>","PeriodicalId":8056,"journal":{"name":"Annual review of medicine","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":22.1,"publicationDate":"2025-10-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145249448","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Reproducibility Failure in Biomedical Research: Problems and Solutions. 生物医学研究中的可重复性失败：问题与解决方法。
IF 22.1 1区 医学
Annual review of medicine Pub Date : 2025-10-03 DOI: 10.1146/annurev-med-050124-050859
Tamarinde L Haven, John P A Ioannidis
{"title":"Reproducibility Failure in Biomedical Research: Problems and Solutions.","authors":"Tamarinde L Haven, John P A Ioannidis","doi":"10.1146/annurev-med-050124-050859","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1146/annurev-med-050124-050859","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Reproducibility concerns in biomedical research have persisted for more than a decade, with large-scale assessments revealing significant challenges in replicating findings. Despite widespread acknowledgment of these issues, responses remain inconsistent, and proposed solutions often lack rigorous evaluation. This review examines the factors that contribute to irreproducibility in conducting, reporting, and reviewing research and assesses the effectiveness and desirability of interventions aimed at improving reproducibility. It highlights the need for balanced scientific reforms that strengthen reproducibility without stifling innovation or introducing unintended consequences. A critical appraisal of the role of meta-research is essential to ensure sustainable improvements in research quality.</p>","PeriodicalId":8056,"journal":{"name":"Annual review of medicine","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":22.1,"publicationDate":"2025-10-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145224844","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Optimizing KRAS Therapeutics for Non-Small Cell Lung Cancer. 优化KRAS治疗非小细胞肺癌。
IF 22.1 1区 医学
Annual review of medicine Pub Date : 2025-09-24 DOI: 10.1146/annurev-med-043024-115849
Jeong Uk Lim, Marcelo V Negrao, David S Hong
{"title":"Optimizing KRAS Therapeutics for Non-Small Cell Lung Cancer.","authors":"Jeong Uk Lim, Marcelo V Negrao, David S Hong","doi":"10.1146/annurev-med-043024-115849","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1146/annurev-med-043024-115849","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>This review examines the evolving treatment landscape for <i>KRAS</i>-mutant non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC), along with the significance of <i>KRAS</i> mutations. The development of <i>KRAS</i> G12C inhibitors, such as sotorasib and adagrasib, has changed the treatment landscape for patients with <i>KRAS</i>-mutant NSCLC, overcoming the long-standing challenge of targeting <i>KRAS</i>. However, acquired resistance remains a major hurdle, along with the need for effective therapies for non-G12C <i>KRAS</i> mutations. Ongoing research into next-generation inhibitors and combination strategies aim to improve the clinical outcomes of <i>KRAS</i>-mutant NSCLC patients.</p>","PeriodicalId":8056,"journal":{"name":"Annual review of medicine","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":22.1,"publicationDate":"2025-09-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145136302","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Invasive Fungal Infections as a Complication of New Therapies. 侵袭性真菌感染是新疗法的并发症。
IF 22.1 1区 医学
Annual review of medicine Pub Date : 2025-09-19 DOI: 10.1146/annurev-med-050124-122000
Joseph Pechacek, Michail S Lionakis
{"title":"Invasive Fungal Infections as a Complication of New Therapies.","authors":"Joseph Pechacek, Michail S Lionakis","doi":"10.1146/annurev-med-050124-122000","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1146/annurev-med-050124-122000","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Novel biologic therapies in the form of monoclonal antibodies and small molecule kinase inhibitors have transformed the management of several autoimmune, inflammatory, and neoplastic diseases. However, some of these biologics produce complex immunodeficiency states that heighten the risk of opportunistic infections, including invasive fungal infections (IFIs). In this focused review, we outline the antifungal immune defects conferred by novel biologics and discuss the IFIs they predispose to. A better understanding of the immune pathways disrupted by biologics and the IFI susceptibilities they promote should help improve prophylaxis, diagnosis, and treatment for IFIs in patients receiving biologic agents.</p>","PeriodicalId":8056,"journal":{"name":"Annual review of medicine","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":22.1,"publicationDate":"2025-09-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145090998","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Next-Generation Noninvasive Colorectal Cancer Screening. 新一代无创结直肠癌筛查。
IF 22.1 1区 医学
Annual review of medicine Pub Date : 2025-09-12 DOI: 10.1146/annurev-med-043024-032619
John M Carethers, Folasade P May
{"title":"Next-Generation Noninvasive Colorectal Cancer Screening.","authors":"John M Carethers, Folasade P May","doi":"10.1146/annurev-med-043024-032619","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1146/annurev-med-043024-032619","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Noninvasive tests for colorectal cancer (CRC) screening in average-risk individuals continue to evolve, with the premise of increasing screening participation among eligible individuals. In addition to fecal immunochemical testing (FIT), which has become the noninvasive standard for which to improve sensitivity for detecting CRC and specificity for detecting the absence of CRC, new US Food and Drug Administration-approved tests include the detection of DNA in a next-generation multitarget stool DNA test, the detection of RNA in a multitarget stool RNA test, and blood tests that detect cell-free DNA for genomic alterations, fragmentations, and aberrant methylation, all of which have undergone large clinical trials for effectiveness. Each of these new tests improves upon the CRC sensitivity of FIT but not its specificity. Test sensitivity for CRC detection in persons <50 years of age is comparable to that in persons >50 years. Fecal tests with direct sampling of stool have improved sensitivity for advanced adenomas compared to FIT, but advanced adenoma sensitivity is regressed in blood tests compared to FIT. With about a third of the screening-eligible population not actively screened in the United States, the expansion of the screening-eligible population to include those >45 years of age, the disparity in some populations with lower-than-average screening rates, and the limited colonoscopy screening opportunities due to choice, schedule, availability, or pandemic interruption, these noninvasive tests may fill the gap and rectify CRC screening shortcomings and barriers that colonoscopy alone cannot fill.</p>","PeriodicalId":8056,"journal":{"name":"Annual review of medicine","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":22.1,"publicationDate":"2025-09-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145051828","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Chronic Cough Hypersensitivity as a Neuropathic Disorder: Implications for Management and New Treatments. 慢性咳嗽过敏作为一种神经性疾病：管理和新治疗的意义。
IF 22.1 1区 医学
Annual review of medicine Pub Date : 2025-09-10 DOI: 10.1146/annurev-med-050224-124414
Kian Fan Chung, Stuart B Mazzone
{"title":"Chronic Cough Hypersensitivity as a Neuropathic Disorder: Implications for Management and New Treatments.","authors":"Kian Fan Chung, Stuart B Mazzone","doi":"10.1146/annurev-med-050224-124414","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1146/annurev-med-050224-124414","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Chronic cough can coexist with or without pulmonary and extrapulmonary conditions and can be refractory to therapies that improve these associated conditions. It is underlined by cough hypersensitivity, which is characterized by increased cough responses to stimuli that affect the airways and vagally innervated tissues as well as by excessive cough responses to innocuous stimuli, and it is caused by neuroinflammatory and neuropathic mechanisms at both peripheral and central levels. The management of chronic cough starts with exclusion of associated conditions, followed by use of neuromodulators and speech and language therapy. This is progressing toward personalized management, with new approaches to endotype to treat these patients with the introduction of novel antitussive therapies.</p>","PeriodicalId":8056,"journal":{"name":"Annual review of medicine","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":22.1,"publicationDate":"2025-09-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145032596","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Advances in Therapy for Refractory Epilepsy. 难治性癫痫的治疗进展。
IF 15.1 1区 医学
Annual review of medicine Pub Date : 2025-01-01 Epub Date: 2025-01-16 DOI: 10.1146/annurev-med-050522-034458
Lara Jehi
{"title":"Advances in Therapy for Refractory Epilepsy.","authors":"Lara Jehi","doi":"10.1146/annurev-med-050522-034458","DOIUrl":"10.1146/annurev-med-050522-034458","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Drug-resistant epilepsy (DRE) is defined as failure to achieve sustained seizure control with adequate trials of two appropriate antiseizure medications (ASMs). DRE affects one-third of patients with epilepsy and is associated with significant morbidity and mortality. Newer ASMs provide pharmacological therapy that is better tolerated but not necessarily more effective than older ASMs. Resective brain surgery is the gold standard to treat DRE and achieve seizure freedom, with laser ablation offering an alternative with less morbidity but lower effectiveness. For patients who are not candidates for resection or ablation, multiple neuromodulation options can reduce seizure burden. These neuromodulation devices have shown comparable effectiveness in randomized clinical trials, but the results vary in open-label follow-up cohorts, as do the risks of complications and associated costs. Dietary therapies can help, particularly in pediatric genetic epilepsies. Innovative genetic therapy approaches are being pursued, offering the promise of precision medicine.</p>","PeriodicalId":8056,"journal":{"name":"Annual review of medicine","volume":" ","pages":"389-402"},"PeriodicalIF":15.1,"publicationDate":"2025-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142613614","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Candida auris: Epidemiology and Antifungal Strategy. 耳念珠菌：流行病学和抗真菌策略。
IF 15.1 1区 医学
Annual review of medicine Pub Date : 2025-01-01 Epub Date: 2025-01-16 DOI: 10.1146/annurev-med-061523-021233
Emily F Eix, Jeniel E Nett
{"title":"<i>Candida auris</i>: Epidemiology and Antifungal Strategy.","authors":"Emily F Eix, Jeniel E Nett","doi":"10.1146/annurev-med-061523-021233","DOIUrl":"10.1146/annurev-med-061523-021233","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p><i>Candida auris</i> is a recently emerged fungal pathogen that causes severe infections in healthcare settings around the globe. A feature that distinguishes <i>C. auris</i> from other fungal pathogens is its high capacity to colonize skin, leading to widespread outbreaks in healthcare facilities via patient-to-patient transmission. <i>C. auris</i> can persist on skin or in the surrounding environment for extended periods of time, and it exhibits greater antifungal resistance than other <i>Candida</i> species. These factors pose major obstacles for the prevention and treatment of <i>C. auris</i> infection. Recent reports have identified frequently colonized skin sites, risk factors for developing invasive infection, and patterns of antifungal resistance among <i>C. auris</i> strains, all of which help guide therapeutic options. In this review, we highlight key studies of <i>C. auris</i> epidemiology and antifungal resistance, discussing how these factors influence healthcare-associated transmission and treatment outcomes.</p>","PeriodicalId":8056,"journal":{"name":"Annual review of medicine","volume":" ","pages":"57-67"},"PeriodicalIF":15.1,"publicationDate":"2025-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11808652/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142827065","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Update on Hepatorenal Syndrome: From Pathophysiology to Treatment. 肝肾综合征最新进展：从病理生理到治疗。
IF 15.1 1区 医学
Annual review of medicine Pub Date : 2025-01-01 DOI: 10.1146/annurev-med-050223-112947
Saro Khemichian, Mitra K Nadim, Norah A Terrault
{"title":"Update on Hepatorenal Syndrome: From Pathophysiology to Treatment.","authors":"Saro Khemichian, Mitra K Nadim, Norah A Terrault","doi":"10.1146/annurev-med-050223-112947","DOIUrl":"10.1146/annurev-med-050223-112947","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Hepatorenal syndrome-acute kidney injury (HRS-AKI) occurs in the setting of advanced chronic liver disease, portal hypertension, and ascites. HRS-AKI is found in ∼20% of patients presenting to the hospital with AKI, but it may coexist with other causes of AKI and/or with preexisting chronic kidney disease, thereby making the diagnosis challenging. Novel biomarkers such as urinary neutrophil gelatinase-associated lipocalin may be useful. While HRS-AKI is a functional form of AKI related to circulatory and neurohormonal dysfunction, there is increasing recognition of the importance of systemic inflammation and the renal microenvironment. Early diagnosis and initiation of HRS-AKI-specific treatment can improve outcomes. The mainstay of therapy is a vasoconstrictor (terlipressin or norepinephrine) combined with albumin, which achieves resolution of HRS in 40-50% of cases. Liver transplantation is the only option for patients failing to respond to medical therapies.</p>","PeriodicalId":8056,"journal":{"name":"Annual review of medicine","volume":"76 1","pages":"373-387"},"PeriodicalIF":15.1,"publicationDate":"2025-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143051411","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
CD70: An Emerging Anticancer Target in Renal Cell Carcinoma and Beyond. CD70：肾细胞癌及其他癌症的新抗癌靶点
IF 15.1 1区 医学
Annual review of medicine Pub Date : 2025-01-01 Epub Date: 2025-01-16 DOI: 10.1146/annurev-med-070623-045906
Peter D Zang, Arkhjamil Angeles, Sumanta K Pal
{"title":"CD70: An Emerging Anticancer Target in Renal Cell Carcinoma and Beyond.","authors":"Peter D Zang, Arkhjamil Angeles, Sumanta K Pal","doi":"10.1146/annurev-med-070623-045906","DOIUrl":"10.1146/annurev-med-070623-045906","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>CD70 is an emerging target for anticancer therapies. It is an ideal antigen target given its limited expression in normal physiologic tissues and propensity to be aberrantly expressed in a variety of malignancies, thus limiting off-target toxicities. It is also heavily involved in immune homeostasis, and disruption of this pathway can help overcome tumor-related immune cell exhaustion. Recent phase I/II trials using cellular therapies targeting CD70, such as chimeric antigen receptor-T cells, have shown promising effectiveness and safety in treating relapsed or refractory renal cell carcinoma. Noncellular therapies targeting CD70, such as antibody-drug conjugates, monoclonal antibodies, radionuclides, and cytokines, are currently under investigation, with early data showing encouraging results as well. Efforts are already underway to further improve and optimize CD70-based therapies.</p>","PeriodicalId":8056,"journal":{"name":"Annual review of medicine","volume":" ","pages":"257-266"},"PeriodicalIF":15.1,"publicationDate":"2025-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142680580","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
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