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Annual review of medicine最新文献

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Novel Antigens and Clinical Updates in Membranous Nephropathy. 膜性肾病的新型抗原和临床更新。
IF 10.5 1区 医学
Annual review of medicine Pub Date : 2024-01-29 Epub Date: 2023-08-08 DOI: 10.1146/annurev-med-050522-034537
Rupali Avasare, Nicole Andeen, Laurence Beck
{"title":"Novel Antigens and Clinical Updates in Membranous Nephropathy.","authors":"Rupali Avasare, Nicole Andeen, Laurence Beck","doi":"10.1146/annurev-med-050522-034537","DOIUrl":"10.1146/annurev-med-050522-034537","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Membranous nephropathy (MN), an autoimmune kidney disease and leading cause of nephrotic syndrome, leads to kidney failure in up to one-third of affected individuals. Most MN cases are due to an autoimmune reaction against the phospholipase A2 receptor (PLA2R) located on kidney podocytes. Serum PLA2R antibody quantification is now part of routine clinical practice because antibody titers correlate with disease activity and treatment response. Recent advances in target antigen detection have led to the discovery of more than 20 other podocyte antigens, yet the clinical impact of additional antigen detection remains unknown and is under active investigation. Here we review recent findings and hypothesize how current research will inform future care of patients with MN.</p>","PeriodicalId":8056,"journal":{"name":"Annual review of medicine","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":10.5,"publicationDate":"2024-01-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"9959868","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
High-Sensitivity Cardiac Troponin Assays: Ready for Prime Time! 高灵敏度心肌肌钙蛋白测定：准备就绪！
IF 10.5 1区 医学
Annual review of medicine Pub Date : 2024-01-29 Epub Date: 2023-09-18 DOI: 10.1146/annurev-med-051022-113931
Konstantin A Krychtiuk, L Kristin Newby
{"title":"High-Sensitivity Cardiac Troponin Assays: Ready for Prime Time!","authors":"Konstantin A Krychtiuk, L Kristin Newby","doi":"10.1146/annurev-med-051022-113931","DOIUrl":"10.1146/annurev-med-051022-113931","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Rapid and accurate triage of patients presenting with chest pain to an emergency department (ED) is critical to prevent ED overcrowding and unnecessary resource use in individuals at low risk of acute myocardial infarction (AMI) and to efficiently and effectively guide patients at high risk to definite therapy. The use of biomarkers for rule-out or rule-in of suspected AMI has evolved substantially over the last several decades. Previously well-established biomarkers have been replaced by cardiac troponin (cTn). High-sensitivity cTn (hs-cTn) assays represent the newest generation of cTn assays and offer tremendous advantages, including improved sensitivity and precision. Still, implementation of these assays in the United States lags behind several other areas of the world. Within this educational review, we discuss the evolution of biomarker testing for detection of myocardial injury, address the specifics of hs-cTn assays and their recommended use within triage algorithms, and highlight potential challenges in their use. Ultimately, we focus on implementation strategies for hs-cTn assays, as they are now clearly ready for prime time.</p>","PeriodicalId":8056,"journal":{"name":"Annual review of medicine","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":10.5,"publicationDate":"2024-01-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"10362031","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Novel Therapeutic and Program-Based Approaches to Opioid Use Disorders. 阿片类药物使用障碍的新的治疗和基于程序的方法。
IF 10.5 1区 医学
Annual review of medicine Pub Date : 2024-01-29 Epub Date: 2023-10-12 DOI: 10.1146/annurev-med-050522-033924
Patricia Liu, P Todd Korthuis, Bradley M Buchheit
{"title":"Novel Therapeutic and Program-Based Approaches to Opioid Use Disorders.","authors":"Patricia Liu, P Todd Korthuis, Bradley M Buchheit","doi":"10.1146/annurev-med-050522-033924","DOIUrl":"10.1146/annurev-med-050522-033924","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Opioid use disorder continues to drive overdose deaths in many countries, including the United States. Illicit fentanyl and its analogues have emerged as key contributors to the complications and mortality associated with opioid use disorder. Medications for opioid use disorder treatment, such as methadone and buprenorphine, are safe and substantially reduce opioid use, infectious complications, and mortality risk, but remain underutilized. Polysubstance use and emerging substances such as xylazine and designer benzodiazepines create additional treatment challenges. Recent clinical and policy innovations in treatment delivery, including telemedicine, bridge clinics, and expanded models for accessing methadone have the potential to increase access to life-saving care for people living with opioid use disorder.</p>","PeriodicalId":8056,"journal":{"name":"Annual review of medicine","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":10.5,"publicationDate":"2024-01-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"41189360","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Multi-Cancer Early Detection: The New Frontier in Cancer Early Detection. 多癌早期检测：癌症早期检测的新前沿。
IF 10.5 1区 医学
Annual review of medicine Pub Date : 2024-01-29 Epub Date: 2023-09-20 DOI: 10.1146/annurev-med-050522-033624
Carmen E Guerra, Prateek V Sharma, Brenda S Castillo
{"title":"Multi-Cancer Early Detection: The New Frontier in Cancer Early Detection.","authors":"Carmen E Guerra, Prateek V Sharma, Brenda S Castillo","doi":"10.1146/annurev-med-050522-033624","DOIUrl":"10.1146/annurev-med-050522-033624","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The new generation of cancer early detection tests holds remarkable promise for revolutionizing and changing the paradigm of cancer early detection. Dozens of cancer early detection tests are being developed and evaluated. Some are already commercialized and available for use, most as a complement to and not in place of existing recommended cancer screening tests. This review evaluates existing single- and multi-cancer early detection tests (MCEDs), discussing their performance characteristics including sensitivity, specificity, positive and negative predictive values, and accuracy. It also critically looks at the potential harms that could result from these tests, including false positive and negative results, the risk of overdiagnosis and overtreatment, psychological and economic harms, and the risk of widening cancer inequities. We also review the large-scale, population-based studies that are being launched in the United States and United Kingdom to determine the impact of MCEDs on clinically relevant outcomes and implications for current practice.</p>","PeriodicalId":8056,"journal":{"name":"Annual review of medicine","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":10.5,"publicationDate":"2024-01-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"41098572","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Complex Congenital Heart Disease in the Adult. 成人复杂先天性心脏病。
IF 10.5 1区 医学
Annual review of medicine Pub Date : 2024-01-29 DOI: 10.1146/annurev-med-050922-052324
Sarah A Goldstein, Richard A Krasuski
{"title":"Complex Congenital Heart Disease in the Adult.","authors":"Sarah A Goldstein, Richard A Krasuski","doi":"10.1146/annurev-med-050922-052324","DOIUrl":"10.1146/annurev-med-050922-052324","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Congenital heart disease (CHD), a heterogeneous group of structural abnormalities of the cardiovascular system, is the most frequent cause of severe birth defects. Related to improved pediatric outcomes, there are now more adults living with CHD, including complex lesions, than children. Adults with CHD are at high risk for complications related to their underlying anatomy and past surgical palliative interventions. Adults with CHD require close monitoring and proactive management strategies to improve outcomes.</p>","PeriodicalId":8056,"journal":{"name":"Annual review of medicine","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":10.5,"publicationDate":"2024-01-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139575199","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Spectrum of Diabetic Neuropathy: New Insights in Diagnosis and Treatment. 糖尿病神经病变的范围：诊断和治疗的新见解》（Spectrum of Diabetic Neuropathy: New Insights in Diagnosis and Treatment）。
IF 10.5 1区 医学
Annual review of medicine Pub Date : 2024-01-29 DOI: 10.1146/annurev-med-043021-033114
Brendan R Dillon, Lynn Ang, Rodica Pop-Busui
{"title":"Spectrum of Diabetic Neuropathy: New Insights in Diagnosis and Treatment.","authors":"Brendan R Dillon, Lynn Ang, Rodica Pop-Busui","doi":"10.1146/annurev-med-043021-033114","DOIUrl":"10.1146/annurev-med-043021-033114","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Diabetic neuropathy is a highly prevalent complication of diabetes. It consists of a broad range of neuropathic conditions, such as distal symmetric polyneuropathy and various forms of autonomic neuropathies involving the cardiovascular, gastrointestinal, and urogenital systems. Prevention or diagnosis in early stages of disease is crucial to prevent symptomatic onset and progression, particularly in the absence of current disease-modifying therapies. In this review, we describe the four main types of diabetic neuropathy. We review current understanding with respect to diagnosis and treatment while highlighting knowledge gaps and future directions.</p>","PeriodicalId":8056,"journal":{"name":"Annual review of medicine","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":10.5,"publicationDate":"2024-01-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139575245","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Emerging Therapies in Hypothyroidism. 甲状腺功能减退症的新兴疗法。
IF 10.5 1区 医学
Annual review of medicine Pub Date : 2024-01-29 Epub Date: 2023-09-22 DOI: 10.1146/annurev-med-060622-101007
Antonio C Bianco
{"title":"Emerging Therapies in Hypothyroidism.","authors":"Antonio C Bianco","doi":"10.1146/annurev-med-060622-101007","DOIUrl":"10.1146/annurev-med-060622-101007","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Levothyroxine (LT4) is effective for most patients with hypothyroidism. However, a minority of the patients remain symptomatic despite the normalization of serum thyrotropin levels. Randomized clinical trials including all types of patients with hypothyroidism revealed that combination levothyroxine and liothyronine (LT4+LT3) therapy is safe and is the preferred choice of patients versus LT4 alone. Many patients who do not fully benefit from LT4 experience improved quality of life and cognition after switching to LT4+LT3. For these patients, new slow-release LT3 formulations that provide stable serum T3 levels are being tested. In addition, progress in regenerative technology has led to the development of human thyroid organoids that restore euthyroidism after being transplanted into hypothyroid mice. Finally, there is a new understanding that, under certain conditions, T3 signaling may be compromised in a tissue-specific fashion while systemic thyroid function is preserved. This is seen, for example, in patients with metabolic (dysfunction)-associated fatty liver disease, for whom liver-selective T3-like molecules have been utilized successfully in clinical trials.</p>","PeriodicalId":8056,"journal":{"name":"Annual review of medicine","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":10.5,"publicationDate":"2024-01-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10843736/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"41095735","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Carbon Monoxide Poisoning: From Microbes to Therapeutics. 一氧化碳中毒：从微生物到疗法。
IF 10.5 1区 医学
Annual review of medicine Pub Date : 2024-01-29 Epub Date: 2023-08-15 DOI: 10.1146/annurev-med-052422-020045
Matthew R Dent, Jason J Rose, Jesús Tejero, Mark T Gladwin
{"title":"Carbon Monoxide Poisoning: From Microbes to Therapeutics.","authors":"Matthew R Dent, Jason J Rose, Jesús Tejero, Mark T Gladwin","doi":"10.1146/annurev-med-052422-020045","DOIUrl":"10.1146/annurev-med-052422-020045","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Carbon monoxide (CO) poisoning leads to 50,000-100,000 emergency room visits and 1,500-2,000 deaths each year in the United States alone. Even with treatment, survivors often suffer from long-term cardiac and neurocognitive deficits, highlighting a clear unmet medical need for novel therapeutic strategies that reduce morbidity and mortality associated with CO poisoning. This review examines the prevalence and impact of CO poisoning and pathophysiology in humans and highlights recent advances in therapeutic strategies that accelerate CO clearance and mitigate toxicity. We focus on recent developments of high-affinity molecules that take advantage of the uniquely strong interaction between CO and heme to selectively bind and sequester CO in preclinical models. These scavengers, which employ heme-binding scaffolds ranging from organic small molecules to hemoproteins derived from humans and potentially even microorganisms, show promise as field-deployable antidotes that may rapidly accelerate CO clearance and improve outcomes for survivors of acute CO poisoning.</p>","PeriodicalId":8056,"journal":{"name":"Annual review of medicine","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":10.5,"publicationDate":"2024-01-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11160397/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"10061077","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Home-Based Dialysis: A Primer for the Internist. 家庭透析:内科医生入门。
IF 10.5 1区 医学
Annual review of medicine Pub Date : 2024-01-29 Epub Date: 2023-12-01 DOI: 10.1146/annurev-med-050922-051415
Robert Rope, Eric Ryan, Eric D Weinhandl, Graham E Abra
{"title":"Home-Based Dialysis: A Primer for the Internist.","authors":"Robert Rope, Eric Ryan, Eric D Weinhandl, Graham E Abra","doi":"10.1146/annurev-med-050922-051415","DOIUrl":"10.1146/annurev-med-050922-051415","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Home-based dialysis modalities offer both clinical and practical advantages to patients. The use of the home-based modalities, peritoneal dialysis and home hemodialysis, has been increasing over the past decade after a long period of decline. Given the increasing frequency of use of these types of dialysis, it is important for clinicians to be familiar with how these types of dialysis are performed and key clinical aspects of care related to their use in patients with end-stage kidney disease.</p>","PeriodicalId":8056,"journal":{"name":"Annual review of medicine","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":10.5,"publicationDate":"2024-01-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"138469756","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Emerging Technologies in Cardiac Pacing. 心脏起搏的新兴技术。
IF 10.5 1区 医学
Annual review of medicine Pub Date : 2024-01-29 Epub Date: 2023-11-21 DOI: 10.1146/annurev-med-051022-042616
Ramya Vajapey, Mina K Chung
{"title":"Emerging Technologies in Cardiac Pacing.","authors":"Ramya Vajapey, Mina K Chung","doi":"10.1146/annurev-med-051022-042616","DOIUrl":"10.1146/annurev-med-051022-042616","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Cardiac pacing to treat bradyarrhythmias has evolved in recent decades. Recognition that a substantial proportion of pacemaker-dependent patients can develop heart failure due to electrical and mechanical dyssynchrony from traditional right ventricular apical pacing has led to development of more physiologic pacing methods that better mimic normal cardiac conduction and provide synchronized ventricular contraction. Conventional biventricular pacing has been shown to benefit patients with heart failure and conduction system disease but can be limited by scarring and fibrosis. His bundle pacing and left bundle branch area pacing are novel techniques that can provide more physiologic ventricular activation as an alternative to conventional or biventricular pacing. Leadless pacing has emerged as another alternative pacing technique to overcome limitations in conventional transvenous pacemaker systems. Our objective is to review the evolution of cardiac pacing and explore these new advances in pacing strategies.</p>","PeriodicalId":8056,"journal":{"name":"Annual review of medicine","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":10.5,"publicationDate":"2024-01-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11062889/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"138290083","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
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