American Indian quarterly最新文献

{"title":"Contemporary American Indian Storytelling: An Outsider's Perspective","authors":"S. J. Howard","doi":"10.2307/1185925","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2307/1185925","url":null,"abstract":"After all the animals were on the ark, Noah called them together for a council. The water around the ark began to rise. Noah stood before the horses, dogs, owls, snakes, buffalo, and butterflies, and said, \"We have a long voyage ahead of us. The rain will keep falling and we will be on the water for many days. As you all can see, the ark is very cramped. There is only enough room and food for those who are already here, so the one rule is that there shall be no sex. We cannot support one more animal.\" At this, many of the animals squirmed a little, but none spoke out against the rule. The next morning Owl came to Noah's quarters and knocked on his door. Noah called him in. With a slight grimace, Owl informed Noah that the dogs had sex last night. \"I'll have a talk with them, Owl,\" said Noah. So Noah went to the back of the ark and found the dogs. They were sleeping soundly, cuddled against one another. After waking them, Noah said, \"You dogs had sex last night, when I strictly forbade it. There is no room or food for any more of us, and so you must not have sex.\" The dogs' eyes were downcast. \"Is that clear?\" asked Noah. \"Oh yes, oh yes,\" answered the dogs. But the next morning Owl again came to Noah's room and informed him the dogs again had sex. So Noah spoke to them, saying that this was the second warning and the next time there would be consequences. Once more the dogs apologized. The next morning, however, Owl was at Noah's door, and he again informed Noah that the dogs had sex last night. Noah called a council and all the animals attended. Noah stood before them, frowning, as he began to speak. \"I have warned the dogs twice not to have sex. This has been the only rule, because we only have enough food for those of us who are already here. You two dogs,","PeriodicalId":80425,"journal":{"name":"American Indian quarterly","volume":"23 1","pages":"45"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1999-01-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.2307/1185925","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"68492387","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Indians and anthropologists : Vine Deloria, Jr., and the critique of anthropology","authors":"T. Biolsi, L. Zimmerman","doi":"10.2307/1185930","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2307/1185930","url":null,"abstract":"In 1969 Vine Deloria, Jr., in his controversial book Custer Died for Your Sins, criticized the anthropological community for its impersonal dissection of living Native American cultures. Twenty-five years later, anthropologists have become more sensitive to Native American concerns, and Indian people have become more active in fighting for accurate representations of their cultures. In this collection of essays, Indian and non-Indian scholars examine how the relationship between anthropology and Indians has changed over that quarter-century and show how controversial this issue remains. Practitioners of cultural anthropology, archaeology, education, and history provide multiple lenses through which to view how Deloria's message has been interpreted or misinterpreted. Among the contributions are comments on Deloria's criticisms, thoughts on the reburial issue, and views on the ethnographic study of specific peoples. A final contribution by Deloria himself puts the issue of anthropologist/Indian interaction in the context of the century's end. CONTENTS-Introduction: What's Changed, What Hasn't, Thomas Biolsi & Larry J. Zimmerman-Part One--Deloria Writes Back-Vine Deloria, Jr., in American Historiography, Herbert T. Hoover-Growing Up on Deloria: The Impact of His Work on a New Generation of Anthropologists, Elizabeth S. Grobsmith-Educating an Anthro: The Influence of Vine Deloria, Jr., Murray L. Wax-Part Two--Archaeology and American Indians-Why Have Archaeologists Thought That the Real Indians Were Dead and What Can We Do about It?, Randall H. McGuire-Anthropology and Responses to the Reburial Issue, Larry J. Zimmerman-Part Three-Ethnography and Colonialism-Here Come the Anthros, Cecil King-Beyond Ethics: Science, Friendship and Privacy, Marilyn Bentz: The Anthropological Construction of Indians: Haviland Scudder Mekeel and the Search for the Primitive in Lakota Country, Thomas Biolsi-Informant as Critic: Conducting Research on a Dispute between Iroquoianist Scholars and Traditional Iroquois, Gail Landsman: The End of Anthropology (at Hopi)?, Peter Whiteley-Conclusion: Anthros, Indians and Planetary Reality, Vine Deloria, Jr.-","PeriodicalId":80425,"journal":{"name":"American Indian quarterly","volume":"23 1","pages":"60"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1999-01-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.2307/1185930","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"68492433","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Tricksters, Captives, and Conjurers: The \"Roots\" of Liminality and Gerald Vizenor's Bearheart","authors":"Zubeda Jalalzai","doi":"10.2307/1185924","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2307/1185924","url":null,"abstract":"Since the publication of Gerald Vizenor's first novel, Darkness in Saint Louis Bearheart (1978) later retitled Bearheart: The Heirship Chronicles (199o) the figure of the trickster and tricksterism itself has been central in understanding Vizenor's work. Whatever else the trickster might be thought to be shapeshifter, goad, wit, disturber of the status quo in Native American culture as elsewhere s/he is also a dissembler of meaning in narratives, one who \"uncovers distinctions and ironies between narrative voices\" (1993: 192). Vizenor invokes a kind of subversive postmodernism through the tricksters in Bearheart, which has various antecedents rather than only Native American or postmodern ones. I connect Vizenor's Bearheart to two examples from early America, texts that are replete with ironies and peculiarities in narrative voices and whose creators rely on what I define as \"trickster tactics\" to produce these texts. Further, the authors of these texts survived execution and captivity through these trickster tactics, which Vizenor shows is the only way to survive Bearheart's post-apocalyptic terrain. This essay seeks to give a lineage to this particular trickster role found in Bearheart by invoking two antecedents: The Soveraignty and Goodness of God: Together with the Faithfulness of His Promises Displayed; Being a Narrative of the","PeriodicalId":80425,"journal":{"name":"American Indian quarterly","volume":"23 1","pages":"25"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1999-01-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.2307/1185924","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"68492378","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Disorderly Drinking Reconsidering Seventeenth-Century Iroquois Alcohol Use","authors":"Maia Conrad","doi":"10.2307/1185825","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2307/1185825","url":null,"abstract":"teenth century used alcohol as a shortcut to visions and dreams. Many of our most respected ethnohistorians have jumped onto this modern bandwagon: Cornelius Jaenen, W. J. Eccles, Bruce Trigger, and James Axtell, to name a few. For example, Trigger in Natives and Newcomers claimed that the Montagnais desired alcohol for its \"hallucinogenic properties\" and used it as a \"way of communicating with the supernatural.\" Axtell contributed to this belief in The European and the Indian when he suggested that Indians became drunk to \"achieve a dreamlike state of religious possession,\" a socially approved break from normal restrictions. Neither Trigger nor Axtell offered evidence or an argument for their conclusions but both cited Andre Vachon as their main source for this claim. However, Vachon's article is unreliable. In \"L'eau-de-vie dans la societe indienne\" Vachon claimed that alcohol was a way to become possessed by a spirit. He, too, bluntly offered this one-sentence conclusion with only one supporting quotation. However, the quotation he offered as evidence does not provide any clear connection between drinking and visions. In 1637 the Jesuit priest Father Paul Le Jeune wrote that the Montagnais \"imagine in their drunkenness that they are listened to with attention, that they are great orators, that they are valiant and formidable, that they are looked up to as Chiefs.\" Clearly this statement does not connect drunkenness with visions.' Only one author has attempted to document a connection between alcohol and visions, but even he failed to do so. In \"Alcohol in the Iroquois Dream Quest\" Edmund Carpenter drew attention to similarities between the two subjects but offered little documentary proof. His argument rested on the value of excess in Iroquois culture. Carpenter claimed that the Iroquois believed they could gain closer contact with the spiritual world by removing themselves temporarily from the human world. \"They pursued the conviction,\" he wrote,\"that","PeriodicalId":80425,"journal":{"name":"American Indian quarterly","volume":"23 1","pages":"1"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1999-01-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.2307/1185825","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"68492053","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Timucuan Chiefdoms of Spanish Florida","authors":"B. Weisman, J. Worth","doi":"10.2307/1185845","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2307/1185845","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":80425,"journal":{"name":"American Indian quarterly","volume":"23 1","pages":"193"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1999-01-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.2307/1185845","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"68492307","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Pai Cultural Change (Response to Braatz)","authors":"H. Dobyns, R. Euler","doi":"10.2307/1185833","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2307/1185833","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":80425,"journal":{"name":"American Indian quarterly","volume":"23 1","pages":"148"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1999-01-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.2307/1185833","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"68492233","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Captivity and Conversion: William Apess, Mary Jemison, and Narratives of Racial Identity","authors":"Hilary E. Wyss","doi":"10.2307/1185829","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2307/1185829","url":null,"abstract":"The question of who defines the Native, and how, becomes complicated when Natives actively participate in a discourse that historically has defined them in their absence. Euro-American definitions of Native Americans have long been rooted in specific genres of written discourse-the captivity narrative, the travel narrative, European eyewitness accounts of \"authentic\" Native communities-diverse forms that nevertheless complement each other in their attempts to explain Native Americans to a Euro-American audience. Natives are regarded as \"authentic\" only as they fit into the preconceived generic constructions constituted by Euro-American observers. Jana Sequoya, a contemporary Native American scholar, emphasizes the frustrations of this situation: \"In order to be perceived as speaking subjects, American Indians must adopt categories of meaning and codes of representation that convey an implicit set of goals in many ways contrary to those that articulate their own stories.\"' To be heard in the dominant culture, then, Natives must often negotiate story lines written about them with little regard for their particular experiences. The problem of representation is further exacerbated by individuals whose","PeriodicalId":80425,"journal":{"name":"American Indian quarterly","volume":"23 1","pages":"63"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1999-01-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.2307/1185829","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"68492178","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The responses of American Indian children and Irish children to the school, 1850s - 1920s.","authors":"M. C. Coleman","doi":"10.2307/1185830","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2307/1185830","url":null,"abstract":"Many people felt that the Government was trying to obliterate our culture by making the children attend school. And if you want to be honest about it, the schooling the children have been getting over the past seventy-five or eighty years has educated them to the [outsider's] ways but made them less knowledgeable about the traditional ways of their own people. A lot of what they have been taught is good ... and [helps them learn to] compete in the outside world. But at the same time, they aren't getting as much of their own traditions as they should. Something important is gained, but something important is being lost.","PeriodicalId":80425,"journal":{"name":"American Indian quarterly","volume":"23 3-4 1","pages":"83-112"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1999-01-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.2307/1185830","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"68492185","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Bands of Gardeners: Pai Sociopolitical Structure","authors":"H. Dobyns, R. Euler","doi":"10.2307/1185834","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2307/1185834","url":null,"abstract":"In a recent AIQ article Timothy Braatz concluded that \"in identifying Pai subtribes as significant and enduring sociopolitical groups, Dobyns and Euler over-formalized aboriginal Pai organization (our emphasis).\"' Braatz's article criticized statements in an ethnohistorical monograph we published in 1970.2 Braatz reached his conclusion using such tortured logic and disregarding so many data that we here offer a corrective comment. We discuss these topics: (1) economic camp, (2) band of kindred, and the issue of the similarity of the Havasupai to other Pai bands, (3) irrigated horticulture, and (4) subtribes.","PeriodicalId":80425,"journal":{"name":"American Indian quarterly","volume":"23 1","pages":"159"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1999-01-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.2307/1185834","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"68492245","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Inspired Lines Reading Joy Harjo's Prose Poems","authors":"R. Johnson","doi":"10.2307/1185826","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2307/1185826","url":null,"abstract":"Featuring work in traditional verse lines as well as poems printed in block paragraphs, Joy Harjo's In Mad Love and War marks an important turn in the development of Harjo's poetic voice. Explaining her composing the group, Harjo notes the power of narration here weighs heavily against the demands of traditional \"poetics.\" \"[S]tory,\" she judges, \"started to take precedent\" (Smith 26). Moving away from what one critic refers to as the \"cumulative power of parallel catalogue\" found in the vertical listing of lines of her earlier poems (Wiget 191), significant portions of Harjo's work in this collection arrive printed in prose-like arrays that reinforce for the reader's eye their narrative spirit. Harjo, critic Dan Bellm observes, edges out from her earlier \"traditional\" song-like forms. \"[O]n the surface,\" he adds, her new poems, as a result, may \"appear less 'Indian\"' (78). Directly related to this shift in format, critics found in the Mad Love poems a growing sense of what Leslie Ullman calls \"urgency.\" Harjo, she writes, is a \"storyteller\" whose tales \"resurrect memory, myth, and private struggles that have been overlooked, and who thus restores vitality to the [Indian] culture at large\" (180). These new, narrative-leaning poems capture moments when the speaker's mind seems especially alive with connections. \"Time and again,\" Ullman notes, Harjo's \"language enacts quicksilver darts and leaps of association\" (181). Margaret Randall can judge, in like spirit, that \"there is more wildness in construction and imagery\" to be found in the new work than in, for example, Harjo's She Had Some Horses (18). A primary source of the new group's energetic tone is, I believe, Harjo's increased use of prose-like poetic forms.","PeriodicalId":80425,"journal":{"name":"American Indian quarterly","volume":"23 1","pages":"13"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1999-01-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.2307/1185826","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"68492114","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}