Annals of Indian Academy of Neurology最新文献

{"title":"Anti-Yo-Associated Cerebellar Ataxia Mimicking the Radiologic Features of Multiple System Atrophy: A Diagnostic Pitfall of the Hot Cross Bun Sign.","authors":"Asish Vijayaraghavan, Kiren G Koshy, Surabhi Prasannakumar, Adarsh A Kumar","doi":"10.4103/aian.aian_288_26","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4103/aian.aian_288_26","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":8036,"journal":{"name":"Annals of Indian Academy of Neurology","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.8,"publicationDate":"2026-09-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148962958","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Malnutrition in Females and Anxiety in Males Predicts Mild Neurocognitive Disorder: Insights from LASI-DAD.","authors":"Poorvikha Satish, G Sandhya, Thomas Gregor Issac","doi":"10.4103/aian.aian_313_26","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4103/aian.aian_313_26","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background and objectives: </strong>Dementia is a debilitating neurological disorder and a major public health priority. Age is the strongest known non-modifiable risk factor for dementia, followed by sex. The objective of this study was to examine sex-specific prevalence and the effects of risk factors associated with cognitive impairment.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Data from Wave 1 of the nationally representative Harmonized Diagnostic Assessment of Dementia for the Longitudinal Aging Study in India (2017-2019; n = 4,096) were used for this analysis. Neurocognitive disorder (NCD) was classified according to Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders, Fifth Editioncriteria, with participants categorized as cognitively normal, mild NCD, or major NCD. In the multinomial logistic regression analysis, two separate models were implemented: an age-adjusted model and a fully adjusted model that incorporated all variables found to be statistically significant in the first model, in addition to age.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Of the 4,096 participants, 46.1% were male and 53.9% were female. The distribution of mild or major NCD diagnoses did not differ significantly by sex ( P = 0.077). In the multiple risk factor model, among men, only anxiety remained significantly associated with mild NCD [odds ratio (OR), 3.30; 95% confidence interval (CI), 1.25-8.74; P = 0.016], whereas among women, being underweight was independently associated with mild NCD (OR, 2.93; 95% CI, 1.13-7.58; P = 0.027).</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>These findings suggest that the determinants of late-life cognitive impairment are sex-dependent and multifactorial, with psychological factors appearing more salient in men, whereas nutritional vulnerability may be more relevant in women. Interventions aimed at reducing cognitive decline may therefore need to be sex-specific.</p>","PeriodicalId":8036,"journal":{"name":"Annals of Indian Academy of Neurology","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.8,"publicationDate":"2026-09-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148890776","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Polymicrobial Meningoencephalitis Complicated by Severe Thrombocytopenia in an Immunocompetent Adult.","authors":"Madhavi Karri, Mallineni P Prasad, Sandeep Alla, Chakradhar R Putta, N Karthik Babu","doi":"10.4103/aian.aian_372_26","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4103/aian.aian_372_26","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":8036,"journal":{"name":"Annals of Indian Academy of Neurology","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.8,"publicationDate":"2026-09-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148904741","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Beyond the Arteries: Recurrent Metabolic Stroke-like Episodes in MOCS1-Related Molybdenum Cofactor Deficiency.","authors":"Shree Shruthi Badrinath, Neeraj Elango, Jered Livingston, Sonia Rosalind Martina, Leema Pauline Cornelius","doi":"10.4103/aian.aian_539_26","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4103/aian.aian_539_26","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":8036,"journal":{"name":"Annals of Indian Academy of Neurology","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.8,"publicationDate":"2026-09-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148904738","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Undetected Cognitive Impairment in Saudi Arabia: A National Analysis of Screening Coverage, Diagnostic Yield, and Equity Gaps in Primary Healthcare.","authors":"Ahmed A Almohammadi","doi":"10.4103/aian.aian_618_26","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4103/aian.aian_618_26","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background and objectives: </strong>Dementia and mild cognitive impairment represent a growing neurological burden in Saudi Arabia, driven by population aging and a high concentration of modifiable risk factors. Most affected individuals remain undiagnosed, yet no national analysis of cognitive screening coverage, diagnostic yield, or equity gaps has been conducted within the primary healthcare system. To quantify cognitive impairment screening coverage among adults aged ≥60 years, characterize diagnostic yield and tool utilization patterns, identify equity gaps, and assess alignment with the World Health Organization (WHO) Global Action Plan on Dementia 2017-2025 targets.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>This descriptive study used a serial (repeated) cross-sectional design with trend analysis, analyzing annual secondary surveillance and survey data from 2016 to 2023 drawn from the WHO Global Dementia Observatory, Saudi Ministry of Health Annual Statistical Yearbooks, the Saudi Health Interview Survey 2018, and a regional dementia prevalence study. Descriptive statistics characterized screening and diagnostic patterns over time; regional and urban-rural comparisons were assessed cross-sectionally at single time points (2023 and 2018).</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>National cognitive screening coverage increased from 8.3% in 2016 to 21.7% in 2023. The Mini-Mental State Examination was the most utilized instrument (62.4% of screening encounters), followed by the Montreal Cognitive Assessment (28.1%). Among screened individuals, 34.2% received a new clinically confirmed diagnosis of mild cognitive impairment or dementia, and 71.3% of these new diagnoses had no prior documented cognitive concern. Screening coverage ranged from 31.4% (Central region) to 9.2% (border regions) and was roughly twice as high in urban areas (26.8%) as in rural areas (13.1%). The dementia diagnosis documentation rate-the indicator most directly aligned with the WHO Global Action Plan's Target 4 for dementia diagnosis-improved from 18.4% in 2016 to 41.6-64.6% of estimated prevalent cases in 2023.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Cognitive impairment screening coverage in Saudi Arabia's primary healthcare system remains critically low, and this shortfall in case-finding capacity is the most likely driver of continued underdiagnosis. Whether the WHO Global Action Plan's dementia diagnosis target has been met remains uncertain given the wide prevalence-estimate range, underscoring the need for better prevalence data alongside systematic screening integration, standardized tool adoption, and equity-focused outreach.</p>","PeriodicalId":8036,"journal":{"name":"Annals of Indian Academy of Neurology","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.8,"publicationDate":"2026-09-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148890824","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Atypical Neuroimaging and Lateralized Periodic Discharges Plus in a Noncritically Ill Child with Posterior Reversible Encephalopathy Syndrome.","authors":"Singanamalla Bhanudeep, Bramhini B Koneti","doi":"10.4103/aian.aian_23_26","DOIUrl":"10.4103/aian.aian_23_26","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":8036,"journal":{"name":"Annals of Indian Academy of Neurology","volume":" ","pages":"881-882"},"PeriodicalIF":1.8,"publicationDate":"2026-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148161574","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"ACTB -Related Dystonia-Deafness Syndrome with Functional Imaging Correlates: A Case Report.","authors":"Dolly Agrawal, Rohit Kushwah, Hemant Luniwal, Sarbesh Tiwari, Deepanksha Datta, Samhita Panda","doi":"10.4103/aian.aian_334_26","DOIUrl":"10.4103/aian.aian_334_26","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Abstract: </strong>Dystonia-deafness syndrome (DDS) is a rare neurogenetic disorder with congenital sensorineural hearing loss and progressive dystonia linked to ACTB mutations. A 22-year-old man with congenital deafness and speech impairment presented with adolescent-onset tremors evolving to generalized dystonia, titubation, and gait disturbances. Magnetic resonance imaging of the brain was unremarkable. Fluorodeoxyglucose-positron emission tomography showed basal ganglia hypometabolism, with severely reduced uptake in the right putamen and caudate on Technetium-99m labeled TRODAT-1 Single Photon Emission Computed Tomography (TRODAT SPECT) imaging. A heterozygous pathogenic missense variant in ACTB gene (c.547C>T; p.Arg183Trp) with an additional heterozygous variant in VPS16 (c.1612C>A; p.Leu538Met) was identified. The ACTB variant explains core DDS features, whereas the coexisting VPS16 variant represents an additional finding of uncertain clinical significance. This case highlights the functional imaging abnormalities in ACTB -related DDS and emphasizes the value of multimodal imaging in the evaluation of genetically confirmed complex dystonia.</p>","PeriodicalId":8036,"journal":{"name":"Annals of Indian Academy of Neurology","volume":" ","pages":"867-870"},"PeriodicalIF":1.8,"publicationDate":"2026-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"149179151","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Correspondence- Isolated NF140 Seropositivity in Autoimmune Nodopathy: A Caution in Clinical Interpretation.","authors":"Devavrata Sahu, Jyoti Garg, Prashant Thakur, Aktar Hussain Barbhuiya, Ashish K Duggal","doi":"10.4103/aian.aian_43_26","DOIUrl":"10.4103/aian.aian_43_26","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":8036,"journal":{"name":"Annals of Indian Academy of Neurology","volume":" ","pages":"885-887"},"PeriodicalIF":1.8,"publicationDate":"2026-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148203754","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Reversible Perfusion Changes on Neuroimaging in Glucose Transporter-1 Deficiency Syndrome-related Hemiplegic Migraine.","authors":"Mert Altıntaş, Miraç Yıldırım, Seda K Şahap, Engin Köse, Ömer Bektaş, Serap Teber","doi":"10.4103/aian.aian_327_26","DOIUrl":"10.4103/aian.aian_327_26","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":8036,"journal":{"name":"Annals of Indian Academy of Neurology","volume":" ","pages":"852-854"},"PeriodicalIF":1.8,"publicationDate":"2026-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148962872","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Two Faces of RAPSN Mutation: Infantile Precipitous Onset Versus Adult Insidious Syndrome.","authors":"Neha Mishra, Sayli Bidkar, Tushar Raut, Sunita Iyer","doi":"10.4103/aian.aian_5_26","DOIUrl":"10.4103/aian.aian_5_26","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":8036,"journal":{"name":"Annals of Indian Academy of Neurology","volume":" ","pages":"873-875"},"PeriodicalIF":1.8,"publicationDate":"2026-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"149103163","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}