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Annual review of genetics最新文献

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Unlocking the Complex Cell Biology of Coral-Dinoflagellate Symbiosis: A Model Systems Approach. 解开珊瑚-鞭毛藻共生的复杂细胞生物学:模型系统方法。
IF 11.1 1区 生物学
Annual review of genetics Pub Date : 2023-11-27 Epub Date: 2023-09-18 DOI: 10.1146/annurev-genet-072320-125436
Marie R Jacobovitz, Elizabeth A Hambleton, Annika Guse
{"title":"Unlocking the Complex Cell Biology of Coral-Dinoflagellate Symbiosis: A Model Systems Approach.","authors":"Marie R Jacobovitz, Elizabeth A Hambleton, Annika Guse","doi":"10.1146/annurev-genet-072320-125436","DOIUrl":"10.1146/annurev-genet-072320-125436","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Symbiotic interactions occur in all domains of life, providing organisms with resources to adapt to new habitats. A prime example is the endosymbiosis between corals and photosynthetic dinoflagellates. Eukaryotic dinoflagellate symbionts reside inside coral cells and transfer essential nutrients to their hosts, driving the productivity of the most biodiverse marine ecosystem. Recent advances in molecular and genomic characterization have revealed symbiosis-specific genes and mechanisms shared among symbiotic cnidarians. In this review, we focus on the cellular and molecular processes that underpin the interaction between symbiont and host. We discuss symbiont acquisition via phagocytosis, modulation of host innate immunity, symbiont integration into host cell metabolism, and nutrient exchange as a fundamental aspect of stable symbiotic associations. We emphasize the importance of using model systems to dissect the cellular complexity of endosymbiosis, which ultimately serves as the basis for understanding its ecology and capacity to adapt in the face of climate change.</p>","PeriodicalId":8035,"journal":{"name":"Annual review of genetics","volume":" ","pages":"411-434"},"PeriodicalIF":11.1,"publicationDate":"2023-11-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"10301475","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Interplay Between Antimicrobial Resistance and Global Environmental Change. 抗菌素耐药性与全球环境变化的相互作用。
IF 11.1 1区 生物学
Annual review of genetics Pub Date : 2023-11-27 Epub Date: 2023-09-14 DOI: 10.1146/annurev-genet-022123-113904
María Mercedes Zambrano
{"title":"Interplay Between Antimicrobial Resistance and Global Environmental Change.","authors":"María Mercedes Zambrano","doi":"10.1146/annurev-genet-022123-113904","DOIUrl":"10.1146/annurev-genet-022123-113904","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Antibiotic resistance genes predate the therapeutic uses of antibiotics. However, the current antimicrobial resistance crisis stems from our extensive use of antibiotics and the generation of environmental stressors that impose new selective pressure on microbes and drive the evolution of resistant pathogens that now threaten human health. Similar to climate change, this global threat results from human activities that change habitats and natural microbiomes, which in turn interact with human-associated ecosystems and lead to adverse impacts on human health. Human activities that alter our planet at global scales exacerbate the current resistance crisis and exemplify our central role in large-scale changes in which we are both protagonists and architects of our success but also casualties of unanticipated collateral outcomes. As cognizant participants in this ongoing planetary experiment, we are driven to understand and find strategies to curb the ongoing crises of resistance and climate change.</p>","PeriodicalId":8035,"journal":{"name":"Annual review of genetics","volume":" ","pages":"275-296"},"PeriodicalIF":11.1,"publicationDate":"2023-11-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"10233151","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Induced Pluripotent Stem Cells in Disease Biology and the Evidence for Their In Vitro Utility. 诱导多能干细胞在疾病生物学中的应用及其体外应用证据。
IF 11.1 1区 生物学
Annual review of genetics Pub Date : 2023-11-27 Epub Date: 2023-09-14 DOI: 10.1146/annurev-genet-022123-090319
Ayodeji Adegunsoye, Natalia M Gonzales, Yoav Gilad
{"title":"Induced Pluripotent Stem Cells in Disease Biology and the Evidence for Their In Vitro Utility.","authors":"Ayodeji Adegunsoye, Natalia M Gonzales, Yoav Gilad","doi":"10.1146/annurev-genet-022123-090319","DOIUrl":"10.1146/annurev-genet-022123-090319","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Many human phenotypes are impossible to recapitulate in model organisms or immortalized human cell lines. Induced pluripotent stem cells (iPSCs) offer a way to study disease mechanisms in a variety of differentiated cell types while circumventing ethical and practical issues associated with finite tissue sources and postmortem states. Here, we discuss the broad utility of iPSCs in genetic medicine and describe how they are being used to study musculoskeletal, pulmonary, neurologic, and cardiac phenotypes. We summarize the particular challenges presented by each organ system and describe how iPSC models are being used to address them. Finally, we discuss emerging iPSC-derived organoid models and the potential value that they can bring to studies of human disease.</p>","PeriodicalId":8035,"journal":{"name":"Annual review of genetics","volume":" ","pages":"341-360"},"PeriodicalIF":11.1,"publicationDate":"2023-11-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"10240258","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Asymmetric Stem Cell Division and Germline Immortality. 不对称干细胞分裂和生殖系不朽。
IF 11.1 1区 生物学
Annual review of genetics Pub Date : 2023-11-27 Epub Date: 2023-08-08 DOI: 10.1146/annurev-genet-022123-040039
Yukiko M Yamashita
{"title":"Asymmetric Stem Cell Division and Germline Immortality.","authors":"Yukiko M Yamashita","doi":"10.1146/annurev-genet-022123-040039","DOIUrl":"10.1146/annurev-genet-022123-040039","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Germ cells are the only cell type that is capable of transmitting genetic information to the next generation, which has enabled the continuation of multicellular life for the last 1.5 billion years. Surprisingly little is known about the mechanisms supporting the germline's remarkable ability to continue in this eternal cycle, termed germline immortality. Even unicellular organisms age at a cellular level, demonstrating that cellular aging is inevitable. Extensive studies in yeast have established the framework of how asymmetric cell division and gametogenesis may contribute to the resetting of cellular age. This review examines the mechanisms of germline immortality-how germline cells reset the aging of cells-drawing a parallel between yeast and multicellular organisms.</p>","PeriodicalId":8035,"journal":{"name":"Annual review of genetics","volume":" ","pages":"181-199"},"PeriodicalIF":11.1,"publicationDate":"2023-11-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"9959866","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Meiosis: Dances Between Homologs. 减数分裂：同性恋之间的舞蹈。
IF 11.1 1区 生物学
Annual review of genetics Pub Date : 2023-11-27 Epub Date: 2023-10-03 DOI: 10.1146/annurev-genet-061323-044915
Denise Zickler, Nancy Kleckner
{"title":"Meiosis: Dances Between Homologs.","authors":"Denise Zickler, Nancy Kleckner","doi":"10.1146/annurev-genet-061323-044915","DOIUrl":"10.1146/annurev-genet-061323-044915","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The raison d'être of meiosis is shuffling of genetic information via Mendelian segregation and, within individual chromosomes, by DNA crossing-over. These outcomes are enabled by a complex cellular program in which interactions between homologous chromosomes play a central role. We first provide a background regarding the basic principles of this program. We then summarize the current understanding of the DNA events of recombination and of three processes that involve whole chromosomes: homolog pairing, crossover interference, and chiasma maturation. All of these processes are implemented by direct physical interaction of recombination complexes with underlying chromosome structures. Finally, we present convergent lines of evidence that the meiotic program may have evolved by coupling of this interaction to late-stage mitotic chromosome morphogenesis.</p>","PeriodicalId":8035,"journal":{"name":"Annual review of genetics","volume":" ","pages":"1-63"},"PeriodicalIF":11.1,"publicationDate":"2023-11-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"41103352","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
The Clockwork Embryo: Mechanisms Regulating Developmental Rate. 发条胚胎:调节发育速率的机制。
IF 11.1 1区 生物学
Annual review of genetics Pub Date : 2023-11-27 DOI: 10.1146/annurev-genet-022123-104503
Margarete Diaz-Cuadros, Olivier Pourquié
{"title":"The Clockwork Embryo: Mechanisms Regulating Developmental Rate.","authors":"Margarete Diaz-Cuadros, Olivier Pourquié","doi":"10.1146/annurev-genet-022123-104503","DOIUrl":"10.1146/annurev-genet-022123-104503","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Organismal development requires the reproducible unfolding of an ordered sequence of discrete steps (cell fate determination, migration, tissue folding, etc.) in both time and space. Here, we review the mechanisms that grant temporal specificity to developmental steps, including molecular clocks and timers. Individual timing mechanisms must be coordinated with each other to maintain the overall developmental sequence. However, phenotypic novelties can also arise through the modification of temporal patterns over the course of evolution. Two main types of variation in temporal patterning characterize interspecies differences in developmental time: allochrony, where the overall developmental sequence is either accelerated or slowed down while maintaining the relative duration of individual steps, and heterochrony, where the duration of specific developmental steps is altered relative to the rest. New advances in in vitro modeling of mammalian development using stem cells have recently enabled the revival of mechanistic studies of allochrony and heterochrony. In both cases, differences in the rate of basic cellular functions such as splicing, translation, protein degradation, and metabolism seem to underlie differences in developmental time. In the coming years, these studies should identify the genetic differences that drive divergence in developmental time between species.</p>","PeriodicalId":8035,"journal":{"name":"Annual review of genetics","volume":"57 ","pages":"117-134"},"PeriodicalIF":11.1,"publicationDate":"2023-11-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"138443647","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Transcription-Replication Conflicts as a Source of Genome Instability. 转录-复制冲突是基因组不稳定的一个来源。
IF 11.1 1区 生物学
Annual review of genetics Pub Date : 2023-11-27 Epub Date: 2023-08-08 DOI: 10.1146/annurev-genet-080320-031523
Liana Goehring, Tony T Huang, Duncan J Smith
{"title":"Transcription-Replication Conflicts as a Source of Genome Instability.","authors":"Liana Goehring, Tony T Huang, Duncan J Smith","doi":"10.1146/annurev-genet-080320-031523","DOIUrl":"10.1146/annurev-genet-080320-031523","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Transcription and replication both require large macromolecular complexes to act on a DNA template, yet these machineries cannot simultaneously act on the same DNA sequence. Conflicts between the replication and transcription machineries (transcription-replication conflicts, or TRCs) are widespread in both prokaryotes and eukaryotes and have the capacity to both cause DNA damage and compromise complete, faithful replication of the genome. This review will highlight recent studies investigating the genomic locations of TRCs and the mechanisms by which they may be prevented, mitigated, or resolved. We address work from both model organisms and mammalian systems but predominantly focus on multicellular eukaryotes owing to the additional complexities inherent in the coordination of replication and transcription in the context of cell type-specific gene expression and higher-order chromatin organization.</p>","PeriodicalId":8035,"journal":{"name":"Annual review of genetics","volume":" ","pages":"157-179"},"PeriodicalIF":11.1,"publicationDate":"2023-11-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10760935/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"10219280","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Coral Reef Population Genomics in an Age of Global Change. 全球变化时代的珊瑚礁种群基因组学。
IF 11.1 1区 生物学
Annual review of genetics Pub Date : 2023-11-27 Epub Date: 2023-06-29 DOI: 10.1146/annurev-genet-022123-102748
Malin L Pinsky, René D Clark, Jaelyn T Bos
{"title":"Coral Reef Population Genomics in an Age of Global Change.","authors":"Malin L Pinsky, René D Clark, Jaelyn T Bos","doi":"10.1146/annurev-genet-022123-102748","DOIUrl":"10.1146/annurev-genet-022123-102748","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Coral reefs are both exceptionally biodiverse and threatened by climate change and other human activities. Here, we review population genomic processes in coral reef taxa and their importance for understanding responses to global change. Many taxa on coral reefs are characterized by weak genetic drift, extensive gene flow, and strong selection from complex biotic and abiotic environments, which together present a fascinating test of microevolutionary theory. Selection, gene flow, and hybridization have played and will continue to play an important role in the adaptation or extinction of coral reef taxa in the face of rapid environmental change, but research remains exceptionally limited compared to the urgent needs. Critical areas for future investigation include understanding evolutionary potential and the mechanisms of local adaptation, developing historical baselines, and building greater research capacity in the countries where most reef diversity is concentrated.</p>","PeriodicalId":8035,"journal":{"name":"Annual review of genetics","volume":" ","pages":"87-115"},"PeriodicalIF":11.1,"publicationDate":"2023-11-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"9696383","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
How to Build a Fire: The Genetics of Autoinflammatory Diseases. 如何生火:自身炎症性疾病的遗传学。
IF 11.1 1区 生物学
Annual review of genetics Pub Date : 2023-11-27 Epub Date: 2023-08-10 DOI: 10.1146/annurev-genet-030123-084224
Jiahui Zhang, Pui Y Lee, Ivona Aksentijevich, Qing Zhou
{"title":"How to Build a Fire: The Genetics of Autoinflammatory Diseases.","authors":"Jiahui Zhang, Pui Y Lee, Ivona Aksentijevich, Qing Zhou","doi":"10.1146/annurev-genet-030123-084224","DOIUrl":"10.1146/annurev-genet-030123-084224","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Systemic autoinflammatory diseases (SAIDs) are a heterogeneous group of disorders caused by excess activation of the innate immune system in an antigen-independent manner. Starting with the discovery of the causal gene for familial Mediterranean fever, more than 50 monogenic SAIDs have been described. These discoveries, paired with advances in immunology and genomics, have allowed our understanding of these diseases to improve drastically in the last decade. The genetic causes of SAIDs are complex and include both germline and somatic pathogenic variants that affect various inflammatory signaling pathways. We provide an overview of the acquired SAIDs from a genetic perspective and summarize the clinical phenotypes and mechanism(s) of inflammation, aiming to provide a comprehensive understanding of the pathogenesis of autoinflammatory diseases.</p>","PeriodicalId":8035,"journal":{"name":"Annual review of genetics","volume":" ","pages":"245-274"},"PeriodicalIF":11.1,"publicationDate":"2023-11-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"9974613","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Finding Needles in the Haystack: Strategies for Uncovering Noncoding Regulatory Variants. 大海捞针:发现非编码调控变异的策略。
IF 11.1 1区 生物学
Annual review of genetics Pub Date : 2023-11-27 Epub Date: 2023-08-10 DOI: 10.1146/annurev-genet-030723-120717
You Chen, Mauricio I Paramo, Yingying Zhang, Li Yao, Sagar R Shah, Yiyang Jin, Junke Zhang, Xiuqi Pan, Haiyuan Yu
{"title":"Finding Needles in the Haystack: Strategies for Uncovering Noncoding Regulatory Variants.","authors":"You Chen, Mauricio I Paramo, Yingying Zhang, Li Yao, Sagar R Shah, Yiyang Jin, Junke Zhang, Xiuqi Pan, Haiyuan Yu","doi":"10.1146/annurev-genet-030723-120717","DOIUrl":"10.1146/annurev-genet-030723-120717","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Despite accumulating evidence implicating noncoding variants in human diseases, unraveling their functionality remains a significant challenge. Systematic annotations of the regulatory landscape and the growth of sequence variant data sets have fueled the development of tools and methods to identify causal noncoding variants and evaluate their regulatory effects. Here, we review the latest advances in the field and discuss potential future research avenues to gain a more in-depth understanding of noncoding regulatory variants.</p>","PeriodicalId":8035,"journal":{"name":"Annual review of genetics","volume":" ","pages":"201-222"},"PeriodicalIF":11.1,"publicationDate":"2023-11-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"9976778","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
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