{"title":"Recent Advances in Schiff Base Ruthenium Metal Complexes: Synthesis and Applications","authors":"Anmol Singh, Pranjit Barman","doi":"10.1007/s41061-021-00342-w","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s41061-021-00342-w","url":null,"abstract":"<p>This review concentrates on recent developments in ruthenium Schiff bases, whose steric and electronic characteristics can be manipulated easily by selecting suitable condensing aldehydes or ketones and primary amines, and their metal complexes. Ruthenium metal-based complexes and Schiff base ligands are rapidly becoming conventionally considered for biological applications (antioxidant, anticancer, antimicrobial), in catalysis, in functional materials, in sensors, and as pigments for dyes. Ruthenium complexes exhibit a broad variety of activities concerning simple Schiff base ligands. This may be due to the octahedral bonding of both Ru(II) and Ru(III) complexes, which acquire an extended reservoir of a three-dimensional framework, providing the potential for an elevated degree of site selectivity for binding to their biological targets. This review provides an overview of this field, and intends to highlight both ligand design and synthetic methodology development, as well as significant applications of these metal complexes. In this review, we summarize our work on the development of ruthenium complexes, which was performed over the last few years.</p>","PeriodicalId":802,"journal":{"name":"Topics in Current Chemistry","volume":"379 4","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":8.6,"publicationDate":"2021-06-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1007/s41061-021-00342-w","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"4426129","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Neo-Porphyrinoids: New Members of the Porphyrinoid Family","authors":"Poornenth Pushpanandan, Mangalampalli Ravikanth","doi":"10.1007/s41061-021-00338-6","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s41061-021-00338-6","url":null,"abstract":"<p>The four pyrrole rings and four meso carbons of tetrapyrrolic porphyrins can be arranged in different ways and the resulting porphyrin isomers exhibit very distinct electronic properties. The extensive research carried out on the porphyrins over the years has revealed that porphyrin can have several possible isomers and some of these have been identified and synthesized. Among the porphyrin isomers synthesized so far, porphycene and N-confused porphyrins have been investigated extensively whereas the other porphyrin isomers such as hemiporphycene, corrphycene and isoporphycene remain underdeveloped because of synthetic difficulties and their inherently unstable nature. Neoporphyrinoids are new members of the porphyrinoid family that were discovered serendipitously in 2011. Neoporphyrinoids are structural analogues of porphyrinoids with a confused pyrrole nitrogen linked to a meso carbon or the adjacent pyrrole carbon. Thus, neoporphyrinoids have an unusual structure in which pyrrole N is a part of a porphyrinoid framework and the lone pair of electrons on nitrogen participate in macrocyclic conjugation. It's been a decade since the discovery and different types of neoporphyrinoids, including regular, contracted and expanded neoporphyrinoids, have been synthesized by rational synthetic methodologies and their spectral, structural, aromatic and coordination properties have been studied. There is huge scope to develop different synthetic routes to produce new types of stable neoporphyrinoids to study their properties and potential applications. This article presents a brief overview of the synthesis, structure and properties of the neoporphyrinoids reported in this decade.</p>","PeriodicalId":802,"journal":{"name":"Topics in Current Chemistry","volume":"379 4","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":8.6,"publicationDate":"2021-05-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1007/s41061-021-00338-6","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"4759413","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Recent Strategies in the Synthesis of Spiroindole and Spirooxindole Scaffolds","authors":"Shima Nasri, Mohammad Bayat, Faezeh Mirzaei","doi":"10.1007/s41061-021-00337-7","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s41061-021-00337-7","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Spiroindole and spirooxindole scaffolds are very important spiro-heterocyclic compounds in drug design processes. Significant attention has been directed at obtaining molecules based on spiroindole and spirooxindole derivatives that have bioactivity against cancer cells, microbes, and different types of disease affecting the human body. Due to their inherent three-dimensional nature and ability to project functionalities in all three dimensions, they have become biological targets. Considering reports on spiroindole and spirooxindole-containing scaffolds in the past decades, introducing novel synthetic procedures has been an active research field of organic chemistry for well over a century and will be useful in creating new therapeutic agents. This review summarizes the pharmacological significance of spiroindole and spirooxindole scaffolds and highlights the latest strategies for their synthesis, focusing particularly on the past 2 years with typical examples. The spiroindole and spirooxindoles in this review are divided by the type and ring size of the spirocycle that is fused to indole or oxindole. Summarizing these procedures will be very beneficial for discovering novel therapeutic candidate molecules.</p>","PeriodicalId":802,"journal":{"name":"Topics in Current Chemistry","volume":"379 4","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":8.6,"publicationDate":"2021-05-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1007/s41061-021-00337-7","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"5024999","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Min Sun, Sen Han, Juanjuan Feng, Chunying Li, Xiangping Ji, Jiaqing Feng, Haili Sun
{"title":"Recent Advances of Triazine-Based Materials for Adsorbent Based Extraction Techniques","authors":"Min Sun, Sen Han, Juanjuan Feng, Chunying Li, Xiangping Ji, Jiaqing Feng, Haili Sun","doi":"10.1007/s41061-021-00336-8","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s41061-021-00336-8","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":802,"journal":{"name":"Topics in Current Chemistry","volume":"379 4","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":8.6,"publicationDate":"2021-05-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1007/s41061-021-00336-8","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"4180256","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Insights into SARS-CoV-2: Medicinal Chemistry Approaches to Combat Its Structural and Functional Biology","authors":"Lin-Sheng Zhuo, Ming-Shu Wang, Jing-Fang Yang, Hong-Chuang Xu, Wei Huang, Lu-Qing Shang, Guang-Fu Yang","doi":"10.1007/s41061-021-00335-9","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s41061-021-00335-9","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Coronavirus disease 2019, caused by the severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2), is still a pandemic around the world. Currently, specific antiviral drugs to control the epidemic remain deficient. Understanding the details of SARS-CoV-2 structural biology is extremely important for development of antiviral agents that will enable regulation of its life cycle. This review focuses on the structural biology and medicinal chemistry of various key proteins (Spike, ACE2, TMPRSS2, RdRp and M<sup>pro</sup>) in the life cycle of SARS-CoV-2, as well as their inhibitors/drug candidates. Representative broad-spectrum antiviral drugs, especially those against the homologous virus SARS-CoV, are summarized with the expectation they will drive the development of effective, broad-spectrum inhibitors against coronaviruses. We are hopeful that this review will be a useful aid for discovery of novel, potent anti-SARS-CoV-2 drugs with excellent therapeutic results in the near future.</p>","PeriodicalId":802,"journal":{"name":"Topics in Current Chemistry","volume":"379 3","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":8.6,"publicationDate":"2021-04-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1007/s41061-021-00335-9","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"4844288","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Hamed Akbarzadeh, Esmat Mehrjouei, Mohsen Abbaspour, Amir Nasser Shamkhali
{"title":"Melting Behavior of Bimetallic and Trimetallic Nanoparticles: A Review of MD Simulation Studies","authors":"Hamed Akbarzadeh, Esmat Mehrjouei, Mohsen Abbaspour, Amir Nasser Shamkhali","doi":"10.1007/s41061-021-00332-y","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s41061-021-00332-y","url":null,"abstract":"<p>In recent years, bimetallic and trimetallic nanoparticles?(NPs) have become attractive materials for many researchers especially in the field of catalysis due to their interesting physical and chemical properties. These unique properties arise mainly from simultaneous effects of two different metal atoms in their structure. In this review, recent theoretical studies on these NPs using molecular dynamics simulation are presented. Since investigation of thermodynamic stabilities of metallic NPs is a critical factor in their construction for catalytic applications, our focus in this review is on the thermal stability of bimetallic and trimetallic NPs. The melting behavior of these materials with different atomic arrangements including core–shell, three-shell, crown-jewel, ordered and disordered alloy, and Janus materials are discussed. Other factors including stress, strain, atomic radius, thermal expansion coefficient, cohesive energy, surface energy, size, composition, and morphology are described in detail, because these properties lead to complexity in the melting behavior of bimetallic and trimetallic NPs.</p>","PeriodicalId":802,"journal":{"name":"Topics in Current Chemistry","volume":"379 3","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":8.6,"publicationDate":"2021-04-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1007/s41061-021-00332-y","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"4850673","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Imaging, Identification and Inhibition of Microorganisms Using AIEgens","authors":"Harini A. Perera, Mingdi Yan","doi":"10.1007/s41061-021-00333-x","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s41061-021-00333-x","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Microorganisms, including bacteria, viruses and fungi, are ubiquitous in nature. Some are extremely beneficial to life on Earth, whereas some cause diseases and disrupt normal human physiology. Pathogenic microorganisms can also undergo mutations and develop resistance to antimicrobial agents, which complicates diagnostic and therapeutic regimens. This calls for continuing efforts to develop new strategies and tools that can provide fast, sensitive and accurate diagnosis, as well as effective treatment of ever-evolving infectious diseases. Aggregation-induced emission luminogens (AIEgens) have shown promise in imaging, identification and inhibition of various microbial species. Compared to conventional organic fluorophores, AIEgens can offer improved photostability, and have found utilities in imaging microorganisms. AIEgens have been shown to detect microbial viability and differentiate among different microbial strains. Theranostic AIEgens that integrate imaging and killing of microbes have also been developed. This review highlights examples in the literature where AIEgens have been employed as molecular probes in the imaging, discrimination and killing of bacteria, viruses and fungi.</p>","PeriodicalId":802,"journal":{"name":"Topics in Current Chemistry","volume":"379 3","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":8.6,"publicationDate":"2021-04-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1007/s41061-021-00333-x","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"4370884","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"New Insights into the Functions of Nucleic Acids Controlled by Cellular Microenvironments","authors":"Saki Matsumoto, Naoki Sugimoto","doi":"10.1007/s41061-021-00329-7","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s41061-021-00329-7","url":null,"abstract":"<p>The right-handed double-helical B-form structure (B-form duplex) has been widely recognized as the canonical structure of nucleic acids since it was first proposed by James Watson and Francis Crick in 1953. This B-form duplex model has a monochronic and static structure and codes genetic information within a sequence. Interestingly, DNA and RNA can form various non-canonical structures, such as hairpin loops, left-handed helices, triplexes, tetraplexes of G-quadruplex and i-motif, and branched junctions, in addition to the canonical structure. The formation of non-canonical structures depends not only on sequence but also on the surrounding environment. Importantly, these non-canonical structures may exhibit a wide variety of biological roles by changing their structures and stabilities in response to the surrounding environments, which undergo vast changes at specific locations and at specific times in cells. Here, we review recent progress regarding the interesting behaviors and functions of nucleic acids controlled by molecularly crowded cellular conditions. New insights gained from recent studies suggest that nucleic acids not only code genetic information in sequences but also have unknown functions regarding their structures and stabilities through drastic structural changes in cellular environments.</p>","PeriodicalId":802,"journal":{"name":"Topics in Current Chemistry","volume":"379 3","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":8.6,"publicationDate":"2021-03-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1007/s41061-021-00329-7","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"5153780","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Zhaoyu Wang, Haoke Zhang, Siqi Li, Dangyuan Lei, Ben Zhong Tang, Ruquan Ye
{"title":"Recent Advances in Clusteroluminescence","authors":"Zhaoyu Wang, Haoke Zhang, Siqi Li, Dangyuan Lei, Ben Zhong Tang, Ruquan Ye","doi":"10.1007/s41061-021-00326-w","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s41061-021-00326-w","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Clusteroluminescence is a phenomenon whereby the aggregation or clustering of non-conjugated electron-rich units leads to the emission of light at long wavelengths. This phenomenon was first discovered in poly(amido amine) (PAMAM) dendrimers. In recent years, clusteroluminescence has attracted growing research interest and its photophysical properties and mechanism have been thoroughly studied. In this review, we first briefly introduce the development of different types of clusteroluminogens. Then we highlight recent developments in clusteroluminescence, including mechanistic studies, the disclosure of room-temperature phosphorescence, and the extension of emission to the longer-wavelength region. Lastly, we demonstrate a few applications in various fields. With advantages such as being earth-abundant, biocompatible and biodegradable, clusteroluminogens are envisioned to be commonplace in the future.</p>","PeriodicalId":802,"journal":{"name":"Topics in Current Chemistry","volume":"379 2","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":8.6,"publicationDate":"2021-03-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1007/s41061-021-00326-w","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"4131346","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Synthesis and Anticancer Properties of Functionalized 1,6-Naphthyridines","authors":"Mallu Lavanya, Chong Lin, Jincheng Mao, Dhakshanamurthy Thirumalai, Sreenath Reddy Aabaka, Xiaojiang Yang, Jinhua Mao, Zhiyu Huang, Jinzhou Zhao","doi":"10.1007/s41061-020-00314-6","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s41061-020-00314-6","url":null,"abstract":"<p>The burgeoning interest in synthesis and biological applications of 1,6-naphthyridines reflects the importance of 1,6-naphthyridines in the synthetic as well as medicinal chemistry fields. Specially, 1,6-naphthyridines are pharmacologically active, with variety of applications such as anticancer, anti-human immunodeficiency virus (HIV), anti-microbial, analgesic, anti-inflammatory and anti-oxidant activities. Although collective recent synthetic developments have paved a path to a wide range of functionalized 1,6-naphthyridines, a complete correlation of synthesis with biological activity remains elusive. The current review focuses on recent synthetic developments from the last decade and a thorough study of the anticancer activity of 1,6-naphthyridines on different cancer cell lines. Anticancer activity has been correlated to 1,6-naphthyridines using the literature on the structure–activity relationship (SAR) along with molecular modeling studies. Exceptionally, at the end of this review, the utility of 1,6-naphthyridines displaying activities other than anticancer has also been included as a glimmering extension.</p>","PeriodicalId":802,"journal":{"name":"Topics in Current Chemistry","volume":"379 2","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":8.6,"publicationDate":"2021-02-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1007/s41061-020-00314-6","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"4931235","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}