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Applied Economic Perspectives and Policy最新文献

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Agricultural land use modeling and climate change adaptation: A reinforcement learning approach 农业土地利用建模与气候变化适应：强化学习方法
IF 3.3 2区 经济学
Applied Economic Perspectives and Policy Pub Date : 2024-05-27 DOI: 10.1002/aepp.13448
Christian Stetter, Robert Huber, Robert Finger
{"title":"Agricultural land use modeling and climate change adaptation: A reinforcement learning approach","authors":"Christian Stetter,&nbsp;Robert Huber,&nbsp;Robert Finger","doi":"10.1002/aepp.13448","DOIUrl":"10.1002/aepp.13448","url":null,"abstract":"<p>This paper provides a novel approach to integrate farmers' behavior in spatially explicit agricultural land use modeling to investigate climate change adaptation strategies. More specifically, we develop and apply a computationally efficient machine learning approach based on reinforcement learning to simulate the adoption of agroforestry practices. Using data from an economic experiment with crop farmers in Southeast Germany, our results show that a change in climate, market, and policy conditions shifts the spatial distribution of the uptake of agroforestry systems. Our modeling approach can be used to advance currently used models for ex ante policy analysis by upscaling existing knowledge about farmers behavioral characteristics and combine it with spatially explicit environmental and farm structural data. The approach presents a potential solution for researchers who aim to upscale information, potentially enriching and complementing existing land use modeling approaches.</p>","PeriodicalId":8004,"journal":{"name":"Applied Economic Perspectives and Policy","volume":"46 4","pages":"1379-1405"},"PeriodicalIF":3.3,"publicationDate":"2024-05-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/aepp.13448","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141196786","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"经济学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Economic freedom, the minimum wage, and food insecurity 经济自由、最低工资和粮食不安全
IF 3.3 2区 经济学
Applied Economic Perspectives and Policy Pub Date : 2024-05-23 DOI: 10.1002/aepp.13438
Dean Stansel, Fengyu Wu
{"title":"Economic freedom, the minimum wage, and food insecurity","authors":"Dean Stansel,&nbsp;Fengyu Wu","doi":"10.1002/aepp.13438","DOIUrl":"10.1002/aepp.13438","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Economic freedom, a measure of the degree of freedom from government intervention in the economy, has been found to be associated with many positive economic outcomes, such as lower unemployment rates, and higher growth of income, employment, and population. One area that remains unexplored is the relationship with food insecurity. Areas with more government intervention may be expected to have higher food insecurity because those interventions can create greater impediments to people's ability to prosper economically. One specific example of that is the minimum wage, which may make it harder for inexperienced low-skilled workers to obtain employment. We provide the first state-level examination of the relationship between food insecurity and economic freedom and find higher values of economic freedom (lower levels of intervention) are associated with lower food insecurity. We also examine one specific component of that economic freedom measure, the minimum wage, and find some limited evidence that higher minimum wages are associated with higher food insecurity.</p>","PeriodicalId":8004,"journal":{"name":"Applied Economic Perspectives and Policy","volume":"46 3","pages":"1127-1150"},"PeriodicalIF":3.3,"publicationDate":"2024-05-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/aepp.13438","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141107150","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"经济学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Complementary technology adoption and smallholder commercialization: Panel data evidence from Ethiopia 补充技术的采用与小农商业化：来自埃塞俄比亚的面板数据证据
IF 3.3 2区 经济学
Applied Economic Perspectives and Policy Pub Date : 2024-05-23 DOI: 10.1002/aepp.13439
Martin Paul Tabe-Ojong Jr., Abebayehu Girma Geffersa
{"title":"Complementary technology adoption and smallholder commercialization: Panel data evidence from Ethiopia","authors":"Martin Paul Tabe-Ojong Jr.,&nbsp;Abebayehu Girma Geffersa","doi":"10.1002/aepp.13439","DOIUrl":"10.1002/aepp.13439","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Agricultural transformation involves the transition from subsistence agriculture marked by cultivating crops for auto-consumption to cultivating crops for output markets. This transition from subsistence agriculture to market-oriented agriculture can be a key policy boost to economic development, but evidence on the key entry points to increasing smallholder commercialization remains scarce. We examine the relationship between the adoption of improved maize varieties (IMVs), inorganic fertilizers, and smallholder commercialization. We model commercialization as a two-step decision process involving market participation and the extent of participation (sales quantity) conditional on participation. Given these two related steps, we estimate a double-hurdle model in both linear and non-linear forms. Employing a three-wave panel dataset from Ethiopia, we use the household fixed effects and correlated random effects model with the control function approach. We find the adoption of IMVs to be significantly associated with both market participation and the extent of participation. This relationship is also true for fertilizers, where we show a positive association between fertilizer use and commercialization. Given the seeming complementarity in the use of both IMVs and fertilizers, we further estimate their joint adoption. We use the multinomial endogenous switching regression model where we show greater commercialization gains under joint adoption. These findings are in line with a growing literature supporting the bundling of agricultural technologies. Given these insights, we provide empirical and policy support to the scaling of agricultural technologies as they have the potential to induce agricultural transformation by unlocking market opportunities.</p>","PeriodicalId":8004,"journal":{"name":"Applied Economic Perspectives and Policy","volume":"46 3","pages":"1151-1174"},"PeriodicalIF":3.3,"publicationDate":"2024-05-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/aepp.13439","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141106880","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"经济学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Whither Goeth agricultural economics? 农业经济学何去何从？
IF 3.3 2区 经济学
Applied Economic Perspectives and Policy Pub Date : 2024-05-21 DOI: 10.1002/aepp.13453
Ron C. Mittelhammer, Barry K. Goodwin, Jill J. McCluskey, David Zilberman
{"title":"Whither Goeth agricultural economics?","authors":"Ron C. Mittelhammer,&nbsp;Barry K. Goodwin,&nbsp;Jill J. McCluskey,&nbsp;David Zilberman","doi":"10.1002/aepp.13453","DOIUrl":"10.1002/aepp.13453","url":null,"abstract":"<p>In this paper, we discuss the reasons why agricultural and applied economics and similar departments are often stand-alone academic units. The factors that affect and shape the relationship of agricultural and applied economics faculty and departments with those from general economics departments are discussed. We present case studies of three universities having different relationships with general economics faculty at their respective universities: a merged unit, an unmerged unit, and a never-merged unit. We conclude with rationale for the existence and future trajectory of agricultural economics and related academic units at Land Grant Universities.</p>","PeriodicalId":8004,"journal":{"name":"Applied Economic Perspectives and Policy","volume":"46 3","pages":"865-888"},"PeriodicalIF":3.3,"publicationDate":"2024-05-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/aepp.13453","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141113616","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"经济学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
A statistical learning approach to pasture, rangeland, forage (PRF) insurance coverage selection 草场、牧场和饲草（PRF）保险范围选择的统计学习方法
IF 3.3 2区 经济学
Applied Economic Perspectives and Policy Pub Date : 2024-05-20 DOI: 10.1002/aepp.13447
Samuel D. Zapata, Xavier Villavicencio, Anderson Xicay
{"title":"A statistical learning approach to pasture, rangeland, forage (PRF) insurance coverage selection","authors":"Samuel D. Zapata,&nbsp;Xavier Villavicencio,&nbsp;Anderson Xicay","doi":"10.1002/aepp.13447","DOIUrl":"10.1002/aepp.13447","url":null,"abstract":"<p>This study uses statistical learning methods to identify robust coverage alternatives for the Pasture, Rangeland, Forage (PRF) insurance program. Shrinkage and ensemble learning techniques are adapted to the context of the PRF coverage selection process. The out-of-sample performance of the proposed methods is evaluated on 116 representative grids throughout Texas during 2018–2022. Ensemble learning methods generated more stable coverage choices compared with the other selection strategies considered. Depending on the target return, a reduction in the prediction error between 5% and 14% was observed. Furthermore, the proposed coverages can provide a broader protection than current coverage choices made by farmers.</p>","PeriodicalId":8004,"journal":{"name":"Applied Economic Perspectives and Policy","volume":"46 4","pages":"1429-1449"},"PeriodicalIF":3.3,"publicationDate":"2024-05-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/aepp.13447","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141122587","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"经济学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Forecast combination in agricultural economics: Past, present, and the future 农业经济学中的预测组合：过去、现在和未来
IF 3.3 2区 经济学
Applied Economic Perspectives and Policy Pub Date : 2024-05-16 DOI: 10.1002/aepp.13445
A. Ford Ramsey, Michael K. Adjemian
{"title":"Forecast combination in agricultural economics: Past, present, and the future","authors":"A. Ford Ramsey,&nbsp;Michael K. Adjemian","doi":"10.1002/aepp.13445","DOIUrl":"10.1002/aepp.13445","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Forecasts are common in agricultural settings where they are routinely used for decision-making. The advent of the computer age has allowed for rapid generation of individual forecasts that can be updated in real time. It is well known that the selection and use of a single forecast can expose the forecaster to serious error as a result of model mis-specification. Forecast combination avoids this problem by combining information from different forecasts. Although forecast combination can be as simple as averaging across forecasts, advances in machine learning have made it possible to combine forecasts according to more complicated weighting schemes and criteria. We provide an overview of forecast combination techniques, including those at the frontier of current practice and involving machine learning. We also provide a retrospective on the use of forecast combination in agricultural economics and prospects for the future. Several of the techniques are illustrated in an application to forecasting nationwide corn and soybean planted acreage and we demonstrate how forecast combination can improve expert USDA projections.</p>","PeriodicalId":8004,"journal":{"name":"Applied Economic Perspectives and Policy","volume":"46 4","pages":"1450-1478"},"PeriodicalIF":3.3,"publicationDate":"2024-05-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/aepp.13445","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140970059","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"经济学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Can the American Community Survey provide new insight into household food security? An illustration of cross-survey multiple imputation 美国社区调查能否提供有关家庭粮食安全的新见解？跨调查多重估算说明
IF 3.3 2区 经济学
Applied Economic Perspectives and Policy Pub Date : 2024-05-16 DOI: 10.1002/aepp.13441
Judith Bartfeld, Madeline Reed-Jones
{"title":"Can the American Community Survey provide new insight into household food security? An illustration of cross-survey multiple imputation","authors":"Judith Bartfeld,&nbsp;Madeline Reed-Jones","doi":"10.1002/aepp.13441","DOIUrl":"10.1002/aepp.13441","url":null,"abstract":"<p>National food security data have been vital in raising public awareness and motivating policy. This paper uses cross-survey multiple imputation as a flexible way to assess within-state food security patterns that cannot be measured well with the Current Population Survey. Using a CPS-based model, we impute food security status to households in the much larger American Community Survey. We illustrate the value of this approach by showing how grouping households by demographic or geographic attributes can provide insight into disparities within states by race and ethnicity, as well as variation in food security across substate geographies.</p>","PeriodicalId":8004,"journal":{"name":"Applied Economic Perspectives and Policy","volume":"46 4","pages":"1627-1645"},"PeriodicalIF":3.3,"publicationDate":"2024-05-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/aepp.13441","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140969046","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"经济学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Attracting and securing budgets for agricultural and applied economics departments 为农业和应用经济学部门吸引和确保预算
IF 3.3 2区 经济学
Applied Economic Perspectives and Policy Pub Date : 2024-05-13 DOI: 10.1002/aepp.13443
Matthew T. Holt, Frances R. Homans, Jayson Lusk, Rodolfo M. Nayga Jr
{"title":"Attracting and securing budgets for agricultural and applied economics departments","authors":"Matthew T. Holt,&nbsp;Frances R. Homans,&nbsp;Jayson Lusk,&nbsp;Rodolfo M. Nayga Jr","doi":"10.1002/aepp.13443","DOIUrl":"10.1002/aepp.13443","url":null,"abstract":"<p>The aim of this paper is to discuss the challenges in attracting and securing adequate budgets for departments of agricultural and applied economics, while recognizing that the institutional and political contexts matter. Agricultural and applied economics departments that operate with an entrepreneurial mindset, that maintain and grow their student numbers, and that have a vibrant demand for their extension and research activities will thrive. The good news is we often have considerable control over the factors that contribute to our longer-term success.</p>","PeriodicalId":8004,"journal":{"name":"Applied Economic Perspectives and Policy","volume":"46 3","pages":"905-920"},"PeriodicalIF":3.3,"publicationDate":"2024-05-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/aepp.13443","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140982381","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"经济学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Carbon supply elasticity and determinants of farmer carbon farming decisions 碳供应弹性和农民碳耕作决策的决定因素
IF 3.3 2区 经济学
Applied Economic Perspectives and Policy Pub Date : 2024-05-13 DOI: 10.1002/aepp.13442
Tong Wang, Hailong Jin, David Clay, Heidi L. Sieverding, Stephen Cheye
{"title":"Carbon supply elasticity and determinants of farmer carbon farming decisions","authors":"Tong Wang,&nbsp;Hailong Jin,&nbsp;David Clay,&nbsp;Heidi L. Sieverding,&nbsp;Stephen Cheye","doi":"10.1002/aepp.13442","DOIUrl":"10.1002/aepp.13442","url":null,"abstract":"<p>This paper analyzed farmers' willingness to accept (WTA) payment and uncertainties toward carbon market through a 2021 U.S. Midwest farmer survey. The findings showed that farmer carbon supply was elastic at intermediate prices ($20–50/Mg), but inelastic at low ($10–20/Mg) and high ($50–70/Mg) price levels. While perceived co-benefits play significant roles in promoting participation at low-price levels, variables such as age, education, farm size, and soil quality are more likely to influence producers' choices at intermediate- and high-price levels. To enhance farmers' support for carbon programs, measures should be taken to improve benefit, while reducing cost and uncertainty.</p>","PeriodicalId":8004,"journal":{"name":"Applied Economic Perspectives and Policy","volume":"46 3","pages":"1190-1213"},"PeriodicalIF":3.3,"publicationDate":"2024-05-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140984494","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"经济学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Is union membership associated with higher wages of U.S. farmworkers? An empirical analysis using the National Agricultural Workers Survey 加入工会是否与美国农场工人的高工资有关？利用全国农业工人调查进行的实证分析
IF 3.3 2区 经济学
Applied Economic Perspectives and Policy Pub Date : 2024-05-09 DOI: 10.1002/aepp.13440
Monica Fisher, Jeffrey J. Reimer, Paul A. Lewin
{"title":"Is union membership associated with higher wages of U.S. farmworkers? An empirical analysis using the National Agricultural Workers Survey","authors":"Monica Fisher,&nbsp;Jeffrey J. Reimer,&nbsp;Paul A. Lewin","doi":"10.1002/aepp.13440","DOIUrl":"10.1002/aepp.13440","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Using National Agricultural Workers Survey (NAWS) data, we examine which farmworkers are unionized and whether their status differs systematically from non-unionized farmworkers. Logit results indicate farmworkers are less likely to be unionized if they are Black, unauthorized to work in the U.S., less educated, have English proficiency, work for farm labor contractors (versus growers), and cultivate field (vs. horticulture) crops. Blinder-Oaxaca decomposition reveals that union members earn $0.87 more in hourly wages, are 4.8% points more likely to receive a bonus, and are 15.6% points more likely to have employer-provided health insurance than comparable non-unionized farmworkers.</p>","PeriodicalId":8004,"journal":{"name":"Applied Economic Perspectives and Policy","volume":"46 3","pages":"1175-1189"},"PeriodicalIF":3.3,"publicationDate":"2024-05-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140940125","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"经济学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
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