Annals of Biomedical Engineering最新文献

{"title":"A Mixed Effect Analysis of Head Impact Accelerations During Rugby Head Impacts Under Different Gameplay Conditions.","authors":"Danyon Stitt, Nicole Spriggs, Stefan Henley, Keith Alexander, Nick Draper, Natalia Kabaliuk","doi":"10.1007/s10439-026-04225-3","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s10439-026-04225-3","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Purpose: </strong>Exposure to head acceleration events in rugby can lead to both physical and mental health problems, even without a diagnosed traumatic brain injury. This study aimed to explore relationships between gameplay head impact conditions and head acceleration metrics experienced by rugby players.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Using head impact kinematic data from two high school rugby union teams in New Zealand (one male and one female), linear mixed-effect models identified significant trends between gameplay techniques, head impact mechanisms, and the resulting linear and rotational peak accelerations and injury criteria.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Head impacts to bony body regions, crushing head impacts, and head impacts to the ground produced the highest linear and rotational acceleration metrics. Impacts between the head and the ball also resulted in higher rotational accelerations than head impacts with the hip and soft body regions. Indirect head acceleration events and head-to-tackle pad impacts resulted in the lowest acceleration metrics. Males showed lower acceleration metrics during training drills, mauls, and scrums than females. Impacts to the chin resulted in the highest peak accelerations, followed by impacts to the rear of the head, with impacts to the front, top, or side of the head resulting in the lowest acceleration metrics. Indirect head acceleration events resulting in flexion/extension or lateral rotational motion induced the highest acceleration metrics. The tackling technique had limited effect on the acceleration metrics of the tackler, with tackles made to the torso/hip region and upper leg region, both with the head beside the tackle location, resulting in the highest peak accelerations.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>This analysis could indicate gameplay events that require further investigation to improve player safety without employing protective equipment.</p>","PeriodicalId":7986,"journal":{"name":"Annals of Biomedical Engineering","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":5.2,"publicationDate":"2026-08-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148849749","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Correction: Kinematics Limit the Potential to Capitalize on Available Muscle Strength During Sit-to-Stand for Patients Before and After Total Knee Arthroplasty.","authors":"Kathryn S Blessinger, Reese A Lloyd, Laura C Schmitt, Ajit M W Chaudhari, Robert A Siston","doi":"10.1007/s10439-026-04361-w","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s10439-026-04361-w","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":7986,"journal":{"name":"Annals of Biomedical Engineering","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":5.2,"publicationDate":"2026-08-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148849731","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Enhancing Current-Source Imaging in Magnetocardiography: The Impact of Sensor Array Configuration.","authors":"Wenyu Shang, Motofumi Fushimi, Shinichi Chikaki, Masaki Sekino","doi":"10.1007/s10439-026-04343-y","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s10439-026-04343-y","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>While magnetocardiography (MCG) is a non-invasive tool for assessing cardiac electrophysiology, its conventional planar sensor array often struggles to accurately estimate sources distant from the sensor. This limitation hinders the precise localization of deep cardiac activity. This study aims to overcome this challenge by investigating a novel cylindrical sensor array designed to improve source current estimation accuracy. We combined numerical simulations, phantom measurements, and in vivo rat experiments to compare a cylindrical sensor array with a conventional planar array. Single dipole localization was used in the simulation and phantom experiments under controlled focal source conditions, whereas both single-dipole fitting and minimum norm estimation (MNE)-based distributed source analyses were applied to the animal MCG data. The simulations and phantom measurements showed that the cylindrical array achieved more accurate single-dipole localization than the planar array under comparable sensor-source distance conditions. In the animal experiments, this advantage was not clearly observed using single-dipole fitting. The MNE-based distributed source analysis showed geometry-dependent reconstruction patterns, with the cylindrical array producing more posteriorly distributed activity and higher source map repeatability. The cylindrical sensor array provided complementary spatial information to anterior planar sampling, particularly for deeper or posterior cardiac activity. These findings suggest that surrounding sensor coverage may provide complementary information for MCG-based reconstruction, although further validation with realistic activation models remains necessary.</p>","PeriodicalId":7986,"journal":{"name":"Annals of Biomedical Engineering","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":5.2,"publicationDate":"2026-08-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148849758","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"SSS Framework: A Think-First, AI-Second Model for AI-Assisted Writing.","authors":"Louie Giray","doi":"10.1007/s10439-026-04358-5","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s10439-026-04358-5","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>It is remarkable how quickly AI has become woven into the ways we think, write, and create, bringing renewed attention to intellectual autonomy and the long-term consequences of relying too heavily on algorithms. In this paper, I argue that effective human-AI collaboration depends on a deliberate sequence: human cognition must come first, before AI assistance enters the process. Inspired by Marcus Aurelius' sphere of control, empirical cognitive science on desirable difficulties, and the growing literature on automation bias, I propose the SSS framework, a structured, three-phase model in AI-assisted writing comprising the following: (1) Set an AI-Free Zone, (2) Struggle, and (3) Spar with AI. The framework operationalizes a think-first, AI-second model that has been independently supported by recent empirical research demonstrating that think-first AI interaction models preserve and enhance independent cognitive performance beyond task completion. Unlike traditional cognitive offloading models or uncritical human-AI collaboration paradigms, SSS framework introduces productive friction as an intentional design principle, countering both automation bias and epistemic erosion. The framework also addresses the ethical imperatives of AI adoption (e.g., algorithmic bias, transparency deficits, deification of technology) through user-centered, agency-preserving engagement. Pedagogical implications and boundary conditions for applying SSS across varying task complexity and user expertise are discussed.</p>","PeriodicalId":7986,"journal":{"name":"Annals of Biomedical Engineering","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":5.2,"publicationDate":"2026-08-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148838598","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Fracking in Tumors: A Key Drug Transport Mechanism.","authors":"Vitor Mori, Atena Farhangian, Dylan T Casey, Jacob S Warner, Chris Thomson, Kurt Schulz, Nirav Daphtary, Minara Aliyeva, Loa Georgesdottir, McCarthy Kennedy, Chad E Eckert, Nicole Storer, Jason H T Bates, C Matthew Kinsey","doi":"10.1007/s10439-026-04340-1","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s10439-026-04340-1","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Purpose: </strong>To understand the pharmacokinetic and biophysical mechanisms governing how an intratumorally injected agent is ultimately retained and distributed within a tumor and how it can guide injections at the bedside.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>We injected a radiopaque agent at clinically relevant constant flows into nine freshly resected canine lung tumors while continuously monitoring the fluid pressure, <math><mrow><mi>P</mi> <mo>(</mo> <mi>t</mi> <mo>)</mo></mrow> </math> , within the injection needle. Quantification of agent retention was performed in six of the tumors from post-injection micro-CT images. The remaining three tumors were imaged continuously by fluoroscopy during the injection procedure to visualize how the agent was distributed.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong><math><mrow><mi>P</mi> <mo>(</mo> <mi>t</mi> <mo>)</mo></mrow> </math> consistently exhibited an initial linear increase to a sharply defined peak, followed by a transition phase toward an eventual steady-state plateau. These morphological features in <math><mrow><mi>P</mi> <mo>(</mo> <mi>t</mi> <mo>)</mo></mrow> </math> show striking similarities to those observed in the fluid pressures generated during petroleum fracking. This analogy, along with the micro-CT and fluoroscopy images, suggests that transport of the agent within a tumor during IT injection does not occur via flow through the pre-existing pores in the tumor tissue, as is conventionally thought. Instead, our data provide strong evidence of transport occurring through fracture-mediated pathways in the tissue created once a critical pressure is reached.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>This interpretation suggests that real-time monitoring of <math><mrow><mi>P</mi> <mo>(</mo> <mi>t</mi> <mo>)</mo></mrow> </math> can help the physician decide when an exit pathway has been created that allows the drug to flow from the injection site to the outside of the tumor. Halting the injection at this point in favor of its continuation at a new site in the tumor may help reduce systemic exposure to the injected agent and its attendant side effects. Accordingly, intraoperative monitoring of <math><mrow><mi>P</mi> <mo>(</mo> <mi>t</mi> <mo>)</mo></mrow> </math> could offer a low-cost non-invasive means of improving the efficacy and safety of IT injection for the treatment of malignant tumors.</p>","PeriodicalId":7986,"journal":{"name":"Annals of Biomedical Engineering","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":5.2,"publicationDate":"2026-08-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148838595","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Level-Specific Lumbar Spine Injury Tolerance Under High-Rate Vertical Loading Relevant to Underbelly Blast Environments: A Combined Cadaveric Experimental and Finite Element Study of Three-Vertebra Spinal Segments.","authors":"Kwong Ming Tse, Dale Robinson, Melanie Franklyn, Peter Vee Sin Lee","doi":"10.1007/s10439-026-04347-8","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s10439-026-04347-8","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Purpose: </strong>This study aimed to investigate lumbar vertebral level-specific fracture susceptibility under high‑rate vertical loading using a combined experimental-computational approach.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Five three-segment spinal units, spanning L1-L5, were tested under dynamic axial compression and used to validate corresponding specimen-specific finite element models. Model performance was evaluated against experimental force-displacement responses (R² = 0.93-0.98) and fracture loads (within 10-34% of experimental data). Parametric simulations were then performed to assess the effects of spinal posture (flexion, extension, lateral bending), vertebral geometry (height and cross-sectional area), and areal bone mineral density on tolerance of the lumbar spine to compression-type fractures.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Spinal posture exerted a strong, level‑dependent influence on fracture risk. Flexion generally reduced injury likelihood at L1, L2, and L4, whilst extension increased the risk, with L3 and L5 showing inverse or unique behaviour. Lateral bending increased fracture susceptibility, particularly at L5. Increased vertebral height reduced axial stiffness and fracture load, except at L5, whilst larger cross-sectional area consistently enhanced mechanical resistance. Areal bone mineral density was a strong positive predictor of compressive fracture tolerance across all levels. Level-specific injury prediction curves were developed using survival analysis and showed position-dependent trends, with inferior vertebrae generally more resistant, except L5, which remained highly vulnerable.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>This study provides the first vertebral level-specific injury prediction curves under dynamic axial compression and highlights the roles of posture, geometry, and bone quality in lumbar fracture tolerance. These findings offer insights for injury prediction and protective system design in defence contexts.</p>","PeriodicalId":7986,"journal":{"name":"Annals of Biomedical Engineering","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":5.2,"publicationDate":"2026-08-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148838589","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Targeted Analysis of Chondrocyte Central Metabolites in Response to Cyclical Compression and Shear Deformations.","authors":"Erik P Myers, Aurora Gallagher, Avery Welfley, Samuel Battles, Aidan Gregory, Priyanka Brahmachary, Mark Greenwood, Ronald K June","doi":"10.1007/s10439-026-04326-z","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s10439-026-04326-z","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Osteoarthritis results in deterioration of articular cartilage, the soft tissue covering articulating surfaces of bones in joints like the knee and hip. Cyclical mechanical stimulation of articular cartilage results in synthesis of cartilage matrix, suggesting that therapeutic mechanical stimulation might be beneficial for cartilage repair in osteoarthritis. Prior studies identify ion channels and cytoskeletal molecules as components of chondrocyte mechanotransduction. Glycolysis, the pentose phosphate pathway, and the tricarboxylic acid cycle are necessary for producing non-essential amino acids that are needed for synthesizing matrix proteins for cartilage repair, though it is currently unknown if and how levels of central metabolites change with applied mechanical stimulation. Here, we find that applied cyclical shear and compressive deformations drive changes in multiple central metabolites in primary chondrocytes. Cyclical compression and shear of primary chondrocytes embedded in agarose hydrogels alter the concentration of central carbon metabolism components. Glycolytic metabolites including glucose and pyruvate showed decreased abundance in loaded groups, suggesting altered consumption/production. Likewise, succinate levels were decreased in samples loaded by shear strain for extended periods of time. By finding compression- and shear-induced changes in central metabolites, these data support the potential for therapeutic mechanotransduction toward cartilage repair. Future studies may build on these results to understand the relationships between mechanical stimulation and chondrocyte central metabolism.</p>","PeriodicalId":7986,"journal":{"name":"Annals of Biomedical Engineering","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":5.2,"publicationDate":"2026-08-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148824291","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Effect of Parametric Variation of Chordae Tendineae Structure on Simulated Atrioventricular Valve Closure.","authors":"Nicolas R Mangine, Devin W Laurence, Patricia M Sabin, Wensi Wu, Christian Herz, Christopher N Zelonis, Justin S Unger, Csaba Pinter, Andras Lasso, Steve A Maas, Jeffrey A Weiss, Matthew A Jolley","doi":"10.1007/s10439-026-04310-7","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s10439-026-04310-7","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Purpose: </strong>Many approaches have been used to model chordae tendineae geometries in finite element simulations of atrioventricular heart valves. Unfortunately, current \"functional\" chordae tendineae geometries lack anatomical fidelity (e.g., branching) that would be helpful when informing clinical decisions. The objectives of this work are (i) to improve synthetic chordae tendineae geometric fidelity to consider branching and (ii) to evaluate how the chordae tendineae geometry affects finite element simulations of valve closure.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>In this work, we develop an open-source method to construct synthetic chordae tendineae geometries in the SlicerHeart Extension of 3D Slicer. The generated geometries are then used in FEBio finite element simulations of atrioventricular valve function to evaluate how variations in chordae tendineae geometry influence valve behavior. Effects are evaluated using functional and mechanical metrics. Three synthetic geometries were used (healthy mitral valve, mitral valve with annular dilation, and a tricuspid valve) and a patient specific healthy mitral valve.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Our findings demonstrated that altering the chordae tendineae geometry of a stereotypical mitral valve led to changes in clinically relevant valve metrics (regurgitant orifice area, contact area, and billowing volume) and valve mechanics (first principal strains). Specifically, cross sectional area had influence over 9 out of 10 valve closure metrics, followed by chordae tendineae density, length, radius and branches. The effects of these parameters can be drastic. For example, when primary chord density is decreased ROA increased by <math><mrow><mn>75</mn> <mo>%</mo></mrow> </math> relative to baseline.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>This study presents a flexible, open-source method for generating synthetic chordae tendineae with realistic branching structures. Further, we establish relationships between the chordae tendineae geometry and valve functional/mechanical metrics. This research contribution helps enrich our open-source workflow and brings the finite element simulations closer to use in a patient-specific clinical setting.</p>","PeriodicalId":7986,"journal":{"name":"Annals of Biomedical Engineering","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":5.2,"publicationDate":"2026-08-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148811810","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Optimising Fronto-Orbital Distraction for Management of Unicoronal Craniosynostosis.","authors":"Yunus Samiepour, Jonas Mellgren, Ce Liang, Philip G Cox, Hans Delye, Karin Säljö, Lars Kölby, Mehran Moazen","doi":"10.1007/s10439-026-04322-3","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s10439-026-04322-3","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Purpose: </strong>Unicoronal craniosynostosis (UCS) involves premature fusion of the left or right coronal suture, resulting in skull deformities and facial asymmetry. Fronto-orbital distraction (FOD) has proven effective for surgically correcting UCS; however, determining optimal surgical parameters (e.g. distraction angle, length, and distractor number) remains challenging. This study aimed to optimise FOD for UCS using finite element (FE) analysis and simulated surgical outcomes.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>We developed a patient-specific FE model using pre- and postoperative computed tomography (CT) scans from a 23-day-old UCS patient. The model simulated FOD with varying distraction angles (20°, 30°, 40°), lengths (20-40 mm), and use of single or dual distractors. Thirty-six scenarios were analysed to evaluate impact on skull morphology, orbital symmetry, and facial correction. The model was validated against clinical outcomes using postoperative CT scans. Key metrics included orbital index symmetry and orbital dystopia angle (ODA).</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Distraction length most significantly impacted outcomes, with 40-mm advancement yielding superior orbital symmetry. The optimal configuration (single distractor, 40°, 40-mm advancement) achieved an ODA of 2.2° and orbital index difference (OID) of 0.2%. Dual distractors offered only marginal improvements (ODA: 1.7°; OID: 0.2%) and introduced risks of excessive anterior displacement.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>These findings suggest that optimal FOD outcomes for UCS can be achieved with a single distractor at 40° and 40-mm advancement. Dual distractors provided minimal additional benefit and may increase surgical complexity and risks. The validated FE model offers a quantitative framework for surgical planning and improving the precision of craniosynostosis correction.</p>","PeriodicalId":7986,"journal":{"name":"Annals of Biomedical Engineering","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":5.2,"publicationDate":"2026-08-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148811861","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Kinematics Limit the Potential to Capitalize on Available Muscle Strength During Sit-to-Stand for Patients Before and After Total Knee Arthroplasty.","authors":"Kathryn S Blessinger, Reese A Lloyd, Laura C Schmitt, Ajit M W Chaudhari, Robert A Siston","doi":"10.1007/s10439-026-04338-9","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s10439-026-04338-9","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Sit-to-stand (STS) is a fundamental activity of daily living that is essential for independent living but remains difficult for many older adults, including those with knee osteoarthritis (KOA), even after a total knee arthroplasty (TKA). Investigating age- and disease-related changes in STS kinematics and muscle function is key for understanding whether there are kinematic changes that limit how patients' muscles are used to perform STS. This study compared STS kinematics, muscle function, and lower extremity muscle strength between individuals with KOA who received a TKA and similarly aged control individuals. Dynamic musculoskeletal simulations of STS were performed for seven age-matched healthy control adults (HC) and seven adults before and six months after TKA. Computed muscle control and induced potential analysis were used to determine individual muscle forces and potentials to contribute to center of mass (COM) accelerations, respectively. Individuals before and after TKA demonstrated deficits in lower extremity isometric muscle strength but generated larger iliacus and soleus muscle forces during STS, compared to HC. Moreover, despite the persistent strength deficits observed both before and after TKA, individuals' greater dorsiflexion and knee flexion, compared to HC, reduced the mechanical advantage of the gluteus maximus, vasti, and plantarflexors to accelerate the COM upward and/or forward during STS. This reduced mechanical advantage to accelerate the COM, when combined with a greater mechanical advantage from the quadriceps to horizontally decelerate the COM before and after TKA, may contribute to the persistent STS performance deficits often observed in individuals with KOA and after TKA.</p>","PeriodicalId":7986,"journal":{"name":"Annals of Biomedical Engineering","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":5.2,"publicationDate":"2026-08-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148811808","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}