Annals of Biomedical Engineering最新文献

{"title":"Glucose and Oxygen Availability Shape Growth and Architecture of Tumor Spheroids in a Microfluidic 3D Model.","authors":"Paula Guerrero-López, Jose Manuel Garcia-Aznar","doi":"10.1007/s10439-026-04377-2","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s10439-026-04377-2","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Glucose and oxygen availability are fundamental drivers of tumor progression, deeply influencing cancer cell proliferation, metabolism, and spatial organization. In this study, we present a simplified microfluidic-based 3D model of tumorigenesis that allows for controlled and dynamic analysis of key tumor parameters under metabolic stress. Using this platform, lung adenocarcinoma (A549) spheroids embedded in a collagen-based extracellular matrix were monitored over time to assess growth kinetics, hypoxic response via HIF-1α expression, and structural organization. A multifactorial experimental design combining variations in glucose, glutamine, and oxygen availability revealed distinct and specific effects of each nutrient. Glutamine deprivation led to widespread cell death, while glucose limitation strongly arrests cell proliferation. Finally, oxygen restriction disrupted spheroid architecture, resulting in loss of the proliferative outer capsule and the formation of internal cavities. Our approach provides a flexible system to study how microenvironmental cues shape tumor behavior, offering insights into metabolic vulnerabilities and the morphofunctional consequences of nutrient stress in cancer.</p>","PeriodicalId":7986,"journal":{"name":"Annals of Biomedical Engineering","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":5.2,"publicationDate":"2026-10-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"149164332","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Patient-Specific Analysis of Ventricular Vortex Formation and Flow Energetics in Rheumatic and Calcific Mitral Stenosis.","authors":"Marshall Davey, Mohammad Saber Hashemi, Gregg S Pressman, Arash Kheradvar, Boyce E Griffith","doi":"10.1007/s10439-026-04364-7","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s10439-026-04364-7","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Purpose: </strong>Mitral stenosis (MS) accounts for 12% of cardiac patients with single valve disease. There are two main causes: rheumatic disease of the mitral valve (MV) and mitral annular calcification (MAC). While both result in increased transmitral pressure gradients, each has unique effects on valve morphology and pathophysiology. We aimed to study differences in transmitral vortex formation and stroke energetics between the two valve types. We created an in silico experimental system using an immersed finite element-finite difference fluid-structure interaction (FSI) scheme and performed three-dimensional flow field analysis.</p><p><strong>Materials and methods: </strong>Patient-specific, echocardiographic-derived geometries from a healthy MV, a MAC-associated MS valve, and a rheumatic disease-associated MS (RMS) valve were translated into finite element meshes and situated within a left ventricle model driven by a pump-approximating pressure boundary condition at 70 bpm and cardiac outputs of 1.5, 3, 3.5, and 5 L/min over eight cycles.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>RMS had smaller geometric and effective orifice areas than MAC, but the RMS-MAC differences in mean transmitral pressure gradient and peak transmitral velocity depended on cardiac output. Across equivalent cardiac output conditions, the MAC case required greater pump stroke work and exhibited higher three-dimensional ventricular kinetic energy and viscous energy dissipation than the RMS case. Both diseased cases showed disrupted mitral vortex formation.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Three-dimensional FSI simulations suggest that MAC-associated MS may impose a greater energetic burden on ventricular flow than RMS, revealing etiology-specific hemodynamic signatures and providing potential mechanistic insight for improved characterization of MS, warranting further investigation with an expanded valve cohort.</p>","PeriodicalId":7986,"journal":{"name":"Annals of Biomedical Engineering","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":5.2,"publicationDate":"2026-10-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"149147514","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Left Ventricle Velocity Patterns and Energy Changes During Controlled External Impact: A Quantitative Experimental Insight.","authors":"Dorian Sweidy, Andrew Mathyssen, Kowsar Teimouri, Ghassan Maraouch, Wei Wei, Wael Saleh, Lyes Kadem, Morgane Evin","doi":"10.1007/s10439-026-04405-1","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s10439-026-04405-1","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Purpose: </strong>While motor vehicle crashes are a leading cause of death, blunt chest injuries represent a major component of these fatalities. In-vitro experiments provide a reproducible and ethically acceptable approach to replicating blunt chest trauma scenarios. This paper quantifies the effect of low-velocity impacts at different timings of the cardiac cycle on the acute hemodynamic response and energy levels inside models of the left ventricle (LV) and the aorta.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>A left heart simulator incorporating a transparent silicone LV was used in this study. The LV was submerged in a water-glycerol mixture, which also served as the circulating working fluid, flowing through the left atrium, into the LV and the aorta. Bioprosthetic valves were used in both the mitral and aortic positions. Two linear motors were employed to simulate LV contraction and externally imposed impact at five different timings within the cardiac cycle. Particle Image Velocimetry (PIV) was used to track seeded particles in the fluid, enabling reconstruction of the velocity field and quantification of energy dissipation in the LV and aorta.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The LV velocity field was altered in all cases except during early systolic impact. We observed that vorticity decreased most prominently during late systolic impact, while viscous energy dissipation (VED) increased in all cases at the moment of impact. In the aorta, we observed that flow velocity, flow rate, kinetic energy (KE), and VED increased primarily during systolic impact conditions.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>These findings demonstrate that the biomechanical response of the heart is phase-dependent, and that even short, sub-physiological impacts can induce flow disturbances.</p>","PeriodicalId":7986,"journal":{"name":"Annals of Biomedical Engineering","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":5.2,"publicationDate":"2026-10-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"149134692","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Detecting Intervention-Specific Change in Soft Tissue Mobility Aligned with Regional Pain Through Optically Measured Skin Surface Strains.","authors":"Anika R Kao, M Terry Loghmani, Gregory J Gerling","doi":"10.1007/s10439-026-04373-6","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s10439-026-04373-6","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Purpose: </strong>Soft tissue manipulation (STM) is a widely used massage-based intervention for myofascial pain, yet its effects on soft tissue mobility are primarily assessed through subjective clinical observations. Mechanical changes underlying symptom relief therefore remain unclear. No objective gold standard exists; current methods either measure stiffness in small regions, missing lateral mobility between fascial layers, or rely on clinical palpation. Optical measurement of tissue mobility from the skin surface offers an objective approach compatible with clinical practice.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Digital image correlation captured skin surface deformation during hands-on assessment of the cervicothoracic region. Nineteen participants underwent a standardized STM protocol. Tissue mobility was measured immediately before and after intervention, considering tissue pull direction (superior vs. inferior) and bilateral anatomy (left vs. right). Eleven strain-based biomarkers evaluated tissue glide and deformation.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Several biomarkers changed significantly following intervention, with maximum pull increasing 3.4 mm. STM produced tissue mobility changes in nearly all treated participants, with 88% improving on at least one body side. Among participants with baseline bilateral pain asymmetries, 90% showed greater mobility gains on their more painful side. Bilateral mobility asymmetries were observed in 53% of participants, eight of whom reported pain asymmetries; in all cases, the less mobile side corresponded to the more painful side.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Optically derived tissue glide and deformation measures can objectively detect soft tissue mobility changes immediately following STM. Mobility gains align with self-reported pain, supporting the clinical relevance of strain-based biomarkers and their potential to complement clinical assessment of myofascial restriction and therapeutic response.</p>","PeriodicalId":7986,"journal":{"name":"Annals of Biomedical Engineering","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":5.2,"publicationDate":"2026-10-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"149134668","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Pelvic Injuries and Mechanisms of Small Females in Different Postures in Frontal Impacts.","authors":"Narayan Yoganandan, Alok Shah, Frank A Pintar, Tyler F Rooks","doi":"10.1007/s10439-026-04385-2","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s10439-026-04385-2","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Purpose: </strong>Determine the mechanisms of pelvis injuries via an analysis of temporal sequence of the pelvic acceleration and load responses of small females under reclined and upright postures in frontal impacts.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>A secondary analysis of pre-existing NHTSA database sled tests under the two postures was conducted. Temporal responses were analyzed using data from pelvic accelerometers and inboard and outboard load cells attached to the lap belt. Pelvic injuries were scored using the Abbreviated Injury Scale (AIS). Three specimens were tested in each posture/group.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The mean age, stature, total body mass, and body mass index of the six specimens were 80.3 years, 1.6 m, 41.3 kg, 17.0 kg/m², respectively. All three reclined specimens and two specimens in the upright groups sustained pelvic fractures. Injuries were more severe/unstable and greater in number in the reclined group. It should be noted that fractures in the posterior pelvic region (ring and other structural components such as sacrum) are considered as unstable injuries and coded at the AIS 4 level of severity. Temporal details and AIS scores are given in the body of the paper.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>The attainment of peak pelvis vertical acceleration earlier than the peak lap belt loads in the reclined group suggests that the distal pelvic structures absorb the axial loading prior to the loading of the iliac wing. While a similar phenomenon occurred for the upright posture, timings were delayed. These results appear to indicate a dual mechanism of load transfer for pelvic fractures. The pre-angulation of the reclined pelvis anatomy is a critical factor for earlier pelvic loading, potentially influencing the severity and number of injuries, as determined by the temporal analysis of accelerations and loads. Because of the limitations in the sample size, the present findings should be considered as an initial first step in an understanding of the kinematics and injuries under reclined and upright postures. More samples with controlled variables should be sled-tested to reinforce the initial observations.</p>","PeriodicalId":7986,"journal":{"name":"Annals of Biomedical Engineering","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":5.2,"publicationDate":"2026-10-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"149126231","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Aortic Longitudinal Stretch and Recoil Affect Cerebral Perfusion: Insights from a Physiologically Accurate In-Vitro Experiment Model.","authors":"Haojie Geng, Arian Aghilinejad, Coskun Bilgi, Daniel A Nation, Niema M Pahlevan","doi":"10.1007/s10439-026-04408-y","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s10439-026-04408-y","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Purpose: </strong>Blood transport in the cardiovascular system depends on the interaction between cardiac dynamics and arterial function. While the left ventricle is the primary driver of flow, recent evidence suggests that longitudinal stretch and recoil of the aorta may generate a wave-pumping effect. However, the contribution of this mechanism to cerebral blood flow remains unclear.</p><p><strong>Method: </strong>In this study, we developed a physiologically relevant in-vitro model to isolate the effects of longitudinal aortic motion in the absence of left ventricular pumping. Aortic phantoms with varying stiffness (quantified by pulse wave velocity [PWV]) were subjected to controlled physiologically accurate cyclic stretching across a range of frequencies and amplitudes. Carotid flow waveforms were measured, and a mechanistic model was formulated based on two governing parameters: an elastic energy term associated with longitudinal stretch and a dimensionless wave condition number characterizing wave dynamics.</p><p><strong>Result: </strong>Our results suggest that longitudinal stretch-recoil generated a wave-pumping effect in the carotid artery, producing bidirectional net mean flow depending on wave conditions. The magnitude and direction of flow were strongly dependent on PWV, stretching frequency, and amplitude. Furthermore, the proposed mechanistic model showed strong agreement with the measured experimental data ( <math><mrow><mi>r</mi> <mo>=</mo> <mn>0.827</mn></mrow> </math> , <math><mrow><mi>p</mi> <mo><</mo> <mn>0.0001</mn></mrow> </math> ).</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Our findings demonstrate that aortic longitudinal stretch and recoil can actively contribute to cerebral blood flow through a wave-based pumping mechanism. This provides a mechanistic link among the heart, aorta, and cerebral perfusion.</p>","PeriodicalId":7986,"journal":{"name":"Annals of Biomedical Engineering","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":5.2,"publicationDate":"2026-10-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"149102867","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Scoliosis Induction in the Porcine Spine Using a Growth-Modulating Posterior Tether: Finite Element Model Development and Calibration.","authors":"Christian R D'Andrea, Mattan R Orbach, Alessandra Fusco, Edward J Vresilovic, Brian D Snyder, Thomas P Schaer, Patrick J Cahill, Sriram Balasubramanian","doi":"10.1007/s10439-026-04403-3","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s10439-026-04403-3","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Purpose: </strong>Predictable correction of early onset scoliosis through mechanical modulation of endochondral growth requires understanding vertebral stress-growth relationships. Here, we develop image-based finite element models (FEMs) to estimate vertebral stress-growth relationships under prescribed loading conditions using a porcine model of spine deformity induced mechanically via a posterolateral tether, assuming that, after initial tether-induced elastic deformation, subsequent deformity develops solely from vertebral endochondral growth against the tether and elastic anatomical structures.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Image-based FEMs were generated to simulate juvenile Yorkshire pigs instrumented with a posterolateral tether implant which applied asymmetric force across the spine. FEM growth parameters were calibrated to best match in vivo data using landmark points obtained from 3D imaging for each pig.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Asymmetric stresses generated by loading of the posterolateral offset cable produced multi-planar spine deformity. Calibrated FEMs achieved moderate agreement with frontal plane projections of the deformity: Cobb angle (MAE = 4.6-8.5° across all pigs and timepoints) and anatomic landmark point correspondence (MAE = 2.1-2.9 mm), but sagittal plane agreement was more limited, partly attributable to variability in positioning during imaging. FEM-derived vertebral body growth rates were reduced for vertebrae along the concavity of the deformity.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Image-based FEMs estimated vertebral stress-growth relationships and reproduced deformity with comparable Cobb angle error to an existing parametric FE model (current 2.5 ± 1.6° vs. reported ~ 2.0 ± 2.4° in a single-pig matched comparison) with realistic baseline IVD stresses (current ~ 0.45 MPa vs. reported 0.48 MPa in the growth plate). With expanded validation, such models may support preclinical evaluation of implant designs and surgical configurations prior to in vivo testing.</p>","PeriodicalId":7986,"journal":{"name":"Annals of Biomedical Engineering","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":5.2,"publicationDate":"2026-10-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"149102965","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Implantable Polymer-Based Medical Devices Go Supercritical: From Cleaning to Sterilization.","authors":"Zohra Laggoune, Yasmine Masmoudi, Valentine Pepe, Elisabeth Badens","doi":"10.1007/s10439-026-04392-3","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s10439-026-04392-3","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The biomedical industry has made significant progress in recent years with the emergence of medical devices made from biocompatible polymers, improving implant performance, longevity, and patient safety. However, a major challenge for manufacturers remains the incompatibility of certain polymers with conventional processing techniques involving organic solvents or harsh operating conditions. Supercritical CO₂ offers a sustainable and environmentally friendly alternative that can be applied throughout the manufacturing cycle of medical devices, including cleaning, impregnation, foaming, and sterilization. It enables the recovery of a dry, residue-free final product while preserving the integrity and functionality of the material.This article provides a comprehensive and up-to-date review of the latest developments in the use of supercritical CO₂ for the different stages of manufacturing and treatment of implantable medical devices. It evaluates scCO₂-based process efficiency across various applications and emphasizes processing aspects such as operating modes, key parameters, and process conditions. The review discusses the potential for scale-up and industrial implementation, providing insights into the practical challenges, advantages, limitations, and prospects of scCO₂ technology in processing implantable polymer-based medical devices, with a particular focus on chemical engineering aspects.</p>","PeriodicalId":7986,"journal":{"name":"Annals of Biomedical Engineering","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":5.2,"publicationDate":"2026-10-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"149102858","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"From Tissue to Simulation: A Review of Venous Valve Biomechanics, Extracellular Matrix Architecture, and Constitutive Modeling in Chronic Venous Insufficiency.","authors":"Nayyan Kaul, Hsiao-Ying Shadow Huang","doi":"10.1007/s10439-026-04412-2","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s10439-026-04412-2","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Chronic venous insufficiency (CVI) affects an estimated 25-40% of the adult population worldwide, yet the tissue-level mechanics driving venous valve failure remain largely uncharacterized. This review synthesizes experimental and computational literature on venous valve biomechanics as an integrated pipeline spanning biaxial mechanical testing, extracellular matrix (ECM) microstructural characterization, constitutive model development, and fluid-structure interaction (FSI) simulation. Our primary experimental source is biaxial data from bovine jugular and saphenous venous tissues, representing the only systematically characterized nonlinear anisotropic material parameters for venous tissue published to date. We situate those measurements within the broader landscape of soft-tissue constitutive modeling, tracing how model selection shapes both parameter identifiability and predictive reach. The ECM architecture of venous valve leaflets is not incidental background. Collagen crimp geometry, fiber orientation, and the parietal-to-luminal elastin gradient each leave distinct mechanical signatures in biaxial loading curves, and any constitutive model that ignores this structure cannot generalize reliably across loading states. Three unresolved gaps emerge from this synthesis: an off-axis circumferential prediction error in current exponential models, the absence of a failure criterion or damage evolution law for venous tissue under cyclic loading, and the lack of validated material parameters for bioprosthetic candidate materials. Each gap directly constrains the fidelity of FSI simulations coupling leaflet deformation to hemodynamic loading. We close by outlining the experimental and modeling steps required to close them, with particular emphasis on what the field needs before patient-specific simulation becomes clinically defensible.</p>","PeriodicalId":7986,"journal":{"name":"Annals of Biomedical Engineering","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":5.2,"publicationDate":"2026-10-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"149102913","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Evaluating Image Quality of Cone Beam Computed Tomography Using HyperSight® on the Varian TrueBeam.","authors":"Jesse Lohela, Santeri J O Rytky, Sakari S Karhula, Juha Nikkinen","doi":"10.1007/s10439-026-04372-7","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s10439-026-04372-7","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Purpose: </strong>The study evaluated the image quality of the cone beam computed tomography (CBCT) system on Varian TrueBeam linear accelerators with HyperSight (TB-HS) and compared it with the standard TrueBeam system (TB-S). Particular emphasis was placed on changes relevant to offline adaptive radiotherapy (ART).</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Image quality was assessed using a Catphan 504 phantom on two TB-HS and two TB-S machines. Quantitative parameters included HU accuracy, uniformity, contrast-to-noise ratio (CNR), modulation transfer function (MTF), low-contrast visibility (LCV), and noise power spectrum (NPS). Measurements were performed at 100 kV and 125 kV using default clinical CBCT protocols and reconstruction algorithms. Planning CT images acquired with matching clinical protocols served as reference values. Statistical comparisons of image quality parameters between techniques and agreement with internationally recommended tolerance criteria were performed using the pairwise linear mixed models and McNemar's tests, respectively. Additionally, eight radiographers conducted a blinded subjective image quality evaluation of CBCT images from 15 patients before and after the HyperSight installation RESULTS: Catphan analysis showed that TB-HS improved HU accuracy for high-density inserts, while uniformity and CNR showed minor, mostly non-significant differences. Spatial resolution, noise characteristics, and LCV remained unchanged. Both techniques generally met the tolerance criteria, though TB-HS did so more consistently. Subjective image quality evaluation showed no overall preference.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>The HyperSight upgrade provided minor image quality enhancements but demonstrated no clear clinical advantage. Nevertheless, findings support the potential of HyperSight for offline ART. However, further investigations in patient-based applications are needed to confirm its clinical value.</p>","PeriodicalId":7986,"journal":{"name":"Annals of Biomedical Engineering","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":5.2,"publicationDate":"2026-10-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"149102818","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}