Annals of Biomedical Engineering最新文献

{"title":"A Novel Valveless Pulsatile Flow Pump for Extracorporeal Blood Circulation.","authors":"Joaquín Anatol, Emanuele Vignali, Emanuele Gasparotti, Francisco Castro-Ruiz, Manuel Rubio, César Barrios-Collado, Jose Sierra-Pallares, Simona Celi","doi":"10.1007/s10439-024-03672-0","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s10439-024-03672-0","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Extracorporeal Membrane Oxygenation (ECMO) is a modality of extracorporeal life support which allows temporary support in cases of cardiopulmonary failure and cardiogenic shock. This study presents a valveless pump that works by the Liebau effect as a possible pumping system in ECMO circuits, replacing the current roller and centrifugal pumps. For this purpose, a mock circulatory loop emulating the haemodynamic of the right part of the heart has been constructed. A veno-venous ECMO circuit with the integrated Liebau pump has been incorporated to analyse its performance. The Liebau pump in the ECMO circuit showed a flow assistance in the range of paediatric ECMO and low blood flow range for adults. In addition, experimental tests conducted demonstrated the advantage of the Liebau pump over currently used pumps as the ability to generate a pulsatile flow, which has many advantages in biomedical applications.</p>","PeriodicalId":7986,"journal":{"name":"Annals of Biomedical Engineering","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.0,"publicationDate":"2025-01-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143045265","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Mechanical Wear of Degraded Articular Cartilage.","authors":"Amin Joukar, Sonali Karnik, Hessam Noori-Dokht, Sogol Younesi, Stephen B Trippel, Diane R Wagner","doi":"10.1007/s10439-025-03680-8","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s10439-025-03680-8","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Purpose: </strong>To evaluate the mechanical wear of cartilage with different types of degradation.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Bovine osteochondral explants were treated with interleukin-1β (IL-1β) to mimic inflammatory conditions, with chondroitinase ABC (ChABC) to specifically remove glycosaminoglycans (GAGs), or with collagenase to degrade the collagen network during 5 days of culture. Viscoelastic properties of cartilage were characterized via indentation. Biochemical assays were performed to quantify the cartilage matrix loss to the media during culture and from an accelerated, ex vivo wear test. The coefficient of friction during the wear test was measured. Distribution of GAGs in the tissue was assessed histologically.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>All three degradative treatments decreased the cartilage modulus values and depleted GAGs in histological sections. However, wear was not uniform among the different treatments. Collagen loss from the tissue due to mechanical wear was only higher with IL-1β and collagenase treatment, while collagen loss due to wear with ChABC treatment was similar to untreated controls. In addition, less GAG was released due to mechanical wear in all degraded groups than the controls, likely because GAGs had already been depleted from these tissues during culture. As no significant differences in the coefficient of friction were observed between groups, changes in wear were attributed to altered tissue composition and structure rather than to changes in frictional forces.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Results suggest that cartilage with a degraded collagen network is more susceptible to mechanical wear, but that cartilage wear may be relatively unaffected by the loss of GAGs. Furthermore, exacerbated mechanical wear could be an additional mechanism by which inflammatory cytokines induce cartilage breakdown.</p>","PeriodicalId":7986,"journal":{"name":"Annals of Biomedical Engineering","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.0,"publicationDate":"2025-01-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143035766","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Measurement and Assessment of Head-to-Helmet Contact Forces.","authors":"Turner Jennings, Aidan Tillman, D'mitra Mukasa, Michael Marchev, Sinan Müftü, Rouzbeh Amini","doi":"10.1007/s10439-025-03677-3","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s10439-025-03677-3","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Purpose: </strong>To evaluate the population variation in head-to-helmet contact forces in helmet users.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Four different size Kevlar composite helmets were instrumented with contact pressure sensors and chinstrap tension meters. A total number of 89 volunteers (25 female and 64 male volunteers) participated in the study. The length, width, and circumference of their heads were measured and each volunteer was assigned a helmet size. Volunteers were asked to wear the helmet in three different configurations and the chinstrap tension and contact force between the head and each of the seven interior pads were recorded.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The majority of forces measured on any individual pad were between 0 and 5 N. However, some users exhibited pressure points with forces as high as 30 N. The contact force distribution is non-uniform across the interior of the helmet, with the largest force concentrated at the front. Head shape is a major driver of the observed contact force. There was a statistically significant difference between female and male volunteers, and between groups with different experience levels.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>The fit of helmet systems is highly subject specific. The current metrics used to assign helmet sizes may not accurately predict correct helmet fit.</p>","PeriodicalId":7986,"journal":{"name":"Annals of Biomedical Engineering","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.0,"publicationDate":"2025-01-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143035638","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Alterations in Muscle Coordination to Reduce Knee Joint Loading for People with Limb Loss.","authors":"Jiayu Hu, Ziyun Ding, Anthony M J Bull","doi":"10.1007/s10439-025-03682-6","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s10439-025-03682-6","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Purpose: </strong>People with unilateral transtibial amputation experienced a higher incidence of knee osteoarthritis due to abnormal movement patterns. This study aimed to explore alternations in muscle coordination to reduce mechanical burdens in their daily activities.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Five males with unilateral transtibial amputation were recruited. Two daily activities (level walking and standing up from a chair) were simulated using muscle-driven simulation. Two cost functions were applied: minimising the knee adduction moment and minimising both the knee adduction moment and knee flexion moment. This enabled the identification of altered muscle coordination and any possible changes in kinematic patterns.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>For people with unilateral transtibial amputation, reducing knee adduction angles during stance was found effective in reducing knee adduction moments. To mitigate peak contact forces at the intact knee, muscle activations of vasti and gastrocnemius should be decreased, while muscle activations of soleus should be increased during activities of level walking and standing up from a chair.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Our study suggested that minimising knee adduction moments was effective in reducing joint loading during level walking while minimising both knee adduction moments and knee flexion moments was effective during standing up from a chair. Therefore, the alteration of muscle coordination should be carefully designed for different daily activities.</p>","PeriodicalId":7986,"journal":{"name":"Annals of Biomedical Engineering","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.0,"publicationDate":"2025-01-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143035637","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Optimising Instrumented Mouthguard Data Analysis: Video Synchronisation Using a Cross-correlation Approach.","authors":"James Tooby, Steve Rowson, Kevin Till, David Allan, Melanie Dawn Bussey, Dario Cazzola, Éanna Falvey, Kenzie Friesen, Andrew J Gardner, Cameron Owen, Gregory Roe, Thomas Sawczuk, Lindsay Starling, Keith Stokes, Gregory Tierney, Ross Tucker, Ben Jones","doi":"10.1007/s10439-025-03679-1","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s10439-025-03679-1","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Purpose: </strong>Head acceleration events (HAEs) are a growing concern in contact sports, prompting two rugby governing bodies to mandate instrumented mouthguards (iMGs). This has resulted in an influx of data imposing financial and time constraints. This study presents two computational methods that leverage a dataset of video-coded match events: cross-correlation synchronisation aligns iMG data to a video recording, by providing playback timestamps for each HAE, enabling analysts to locate them in video footage; and post-synchronisation event matching identifies the coded match event (e.g. tackles and ball carries) from a video analysis dataset for each HAE, this process is important for calculating the probability of match events resulting in HAEs. Given the professional context of iMGs in rugby, utilising commercial sources of coded match event datasets may expedite iMG analysis.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Accuracy and validity of the methods were assessed via video verification during 60 rugby matches. The accuracy of cross-correlation synchronisation was determined by calculating synchronisation error, whilst the validity of post-synchronisation event matching was evaluated using diagnostic accuracy measures (e.g. positive predictive value [PPV] and sensitivity).</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Cross-correlation synchronisation yielded mean synchronisation errors of 0.61-0.71 s, with all matches synchronised within 3 s' error. Post-synchronisation event matching achieved PPVs of 0.90-0.95 and sensitivity of 0.99-1.00 for identifying correct match events for SAEs.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Both methods achieved high accuracy and validity with the data sources used in this study. Implementation depends on the availability of a dataset of video-coded match events; however, integrating commercially available video-coded datasets offers the potential to expedite iMG analysis, improve feedback timeliness, and augment research analysis.</p>","PeriodicalId":7986,"journal":{"name":"Annals of Biomedical Engineering","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.0,"publicationDate":"2025-01-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142998844","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Swin UNETR Segmentation with Automated Geometry Filtering for Biomechanical Modeling of Knee Joint Cartilage.","authors":"Reza Kakavand, Peyman Tahghighi, Reza Ahmadi, W Brent Edwards, Amin Komeili","doi":"10.1007/s10439-024-03675-x","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s10439-024-03675-x","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Purpose: </strong>Simulation studies, such as finite element (FE) modeling, offer insights into knee joint biomechanics, which may not be achieved through experimental methods without direct involvement of patients. While generic FE models have been used to predict tissue biomechanics, they overlook variations in population-specific geometry, loading, and material properties. In contrast, subject-specific models account for these factors, delivering enhanced predictive precision but requiring significant effort and time for development.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>This study aimed to facilitate subject-specific knee joint FE modeling by integrating an automated cartilage segmentation algorithm using a 3D Swin UNETR. This algorithm provided initial segmentation of knee cartilage, followed by automated geometry filtering to refine surface roughness and continuity. In addition to the standard metrics of image segmentation performance, such as Dice similarity coefficient (DSC) and Hausdorff distance, the method's effectiveness was also assessed in FE simulation. Nine pairs of knee cartilage FE models, using manual and automated segmentation methods, were developed to compare the predicted stress and strain responses during gait.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The automated segmentation achieved high Dice similarity coefficients of 89.4% for femoral and 85.1% for tibial cartilage, with a Hausdorff distance of 2.3 mm between the automated and manual segmentation. Mechanical results including maximum principal stress and strain, fluid pressure, fibril strain, and contact area showed no significant differences between the manual and automated FE models.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>These findings demonstrate the effectiveness of the proposed automated segmentation method in creating accurate knee joint FE models. The automated models developed in this study have been made publicly accessible to support biomechanical modeling and medical image segmentation studies ( https://data.mendeley.com/datasets/dc832g7j5m/1 ).</p>","PeriodicalId":7986,"journal":{"name":"Annals of Biomedical Engineering","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.0,"publicationDate":"2025-01-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142942912","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Exploring Sex-Based Variations in Head Kinematics During Soccer Heading.","authors":"Alireza Abbasi Ghiri, Morteza Seidi, James Wallace, Kelly Cheever, Marzieh Memar","doi":"10.1007/s10439-024-03670-2","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s10439-024-03670-2","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>While studies indicate that females experience a higher concussion risk and more severe outcomes in soccer heading compared to males, comprehensive data on the underlying factors contributing to these sex-based differences are lacking. This study investigates the sex differences in the head-to-ball impact kinematics among college-aged soccer headers in a laboratory-controlled setting. Forty subjects (20 females, 20 males) performed ten headers, and impact kinematics, including peak angular acceleration and velocity (PAA, PAV) and peak linear acceleration (PLA), were measured using mouthguards. Video recordings verified impacts and impact locations. Participants' head mass was estimated from their weights. The relationship between head mass and kinematic parameters was analyzed using Pearson correlation. The effects of head mass, sex, and impact location on kinematic parameters were assessed using MANOVA with and without head mass as a covariate. Results showed that head mass, larger in males than females, significantly affects PAA and PLA, the greater the head mass, the lower PAA and PLA. However, head mass has no effect on PAV. Females showed significantly higher PAA and PLA components but no significant differences in PAV. Impact location significantly influenced PAV, showing higher magnitudes for frontal impacts compared to top-front impacts, with no significant effects on PAA and PLA. Our results agree with epidemiological evidence that female soccer players face greater concussion risks than males, which can be attributed to their higher header-induced PAA. Future research could consider interventions like changing ball pressure, using protective headgear, and improving heading techniques to reduce high-magnitude accelerations in females.</p>","PeriodicalId":7986,"journal":{"name":"Annals of Biomedical Engineering","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.0,"publicationDate":"2025-01-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142942910","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Artificial Intelligence in Physical Therapy: Evaluating ChatGPT's Role in Clinical Decision Support for Musculoskeletal Care","authors":"Jie Hao,&nbsp;Zixuan Yao,&nbsp;Yaogeng Tang,&nbsp;Andréas Remis,&nbsp;Kangchao Wu,&nbsp;Xin Yu","doi":"10.1007/s10439-025-03676-4","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s10439-025-03676-4","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><p>The integration of artificial intelligence into medicine has attracted increasing attention in recent years. ChatGPT has emerged as a promising tool for delivering evidence-based recommendations in various clinical domains. However, the application of ChatGPT to physical therapy for musculoskeletal conditions has yet to be investigated.</p><h3>Methods</h3><p>Thirty clinical questions related to spinal, lower extremity, and upper extremity conditions were quired to ChatGPT-4. Responses were assessed for accuracy against clinical practice guidelines by two reviewers. Intra- and inter-rater reliability were measured using Fleiss’ kappa (<i>k</i>).</p><h3>Results</h3><p>ChatGPT's responses were consistent with CPG recommendations for 80% of the questions. Performance was highest for upper extremity conditions (100%) and lowest for spinal conditions (60%), with a moderate performance for lower extremity conditions (87%). Intra-rater reliability was good (<i>k</i> = 0.698 and <i>k</i> = 0.631 for the two reviewers), and inter-rater reliability was very good (<i>k</i> = 0.847).</p><h3>Conclusion</h3><p>ChatGPT demonstrates promise as a supplementary decision-making support tool for physical therapy, with good accuracy and reliability in aligning with clinical practice guideline recommendations. Further research is needed to evaluate its performance across broader scenarios and refine its clinical applicability.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":7986,"journal":{"name":"Annals of Biomedical Engineering","volume":"53 1","pages":"9 - 13"},"PeriodicalIF":3.0,"publicationDate":"2025-01-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142930467","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Chemotherapy-Induced Cell-Surface GRP78 Expression as a Prognostic Marker for Invasiveness of Metastatic Triple-Negative Breast Cancer.","authors":"Martha B Alvarez-Elizondo, Annat Raiter, Rinat Yerushalmi, Daphne Weihs","doi":"10.1007/s10439-024-03673-z","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s10439-024-03673-z","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Metastasis remains the leading cause (90%) of cancer-related mortality, especially in metastatic triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC). Improved understanding of molecular drivers in the metastatic cascade is crucial, to find accurate prognostic markers for invasiveness after chemotherapy treatment. Current breast cancer chemotherapy treatments include doxorubicin and paclitaxel, inducing various effects, such as the unfolded protein response (UPR). The key regulator of the UPR is the 78-kDa glucose-regulated protein (GRP78), which is associated with metastatic disease, although, its expression level in the context of invasiveness is still controversial. We evaluate doxorubicin effects on TNBC cells, identifying GRP78 subpopulations linked to invasiveness. Specifically, we evaluate the motility and invasiveness of GRP78 positive vs. negative cell subpopulations by two different assays: the in vitro Boyden chamber migration assay and our innovative, rapid (2-3 h) clinically relevant, mechanobiology-based invasiveness assay. We validate chemotherapy-induced increase in the subpopulation of cell-surface GRP78(+) in two human, metastatic TNBC cell lines: MDA-MB-231 and MDA-MB-468. The GRP78(+) cell subpopulation exhibits reduced invasiveness and metastatic potential, as compared to whole-population control and to the GRP78(-) cell subpopulation, which are both highly invasive. Thus, using our innovative, clinically relevant assay, we rapidly (on clinical timescale) validate that GRP78(-) cells are likely linked with invasiveness, yet also demonstrate that combination of the GRP78(+) and GRP78(-) cells could increase the overall metastatic potential. Our results and approach could provide patient-personalized predictive marker for the expected benefits of chemotherapy in TNBC patients and potentially reveal non-responders to chemotherapy while also allowing evaluation of the clinical risk for metastasis.</p>","PeriodicalId":7986,"journal":{"name":"Annals of Biomedical Engineering","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.0,"publicationDate":"2025-01-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142930470","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Effects of anatomy and head motion on spatial patterns of deformation in the human brain.","authors":"Jordan D Escarcega, Ruth J Okamoto, Ahmed A Alshareef, Curtis L Johnson, Philip V Bayly","doi":"10.1007/s10439-024-03671-1","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s10439-024-03671-1","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Purpose: </strong>To determine how the biomechanical vulnerability of the human brain is affected by features of individual anatomy and loading.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>To identify the features that contribute most to brain vulnerability, we imparted mild harmonic acceleration to the head and measured the resulting brain motion and deformation using magnetic resonance elastography (MRE). Oscillatory motion was imparted to the heads of adult participants using a lateral actuator (n = 24) or occipital actuator (n = 24) at 20 Hz, 30 Hz, and 50 Hz. Displacement vector fields and strain tensor fields in the brain were obtained from MRE measurements. Anatomical images, as well as displacement and strain fields from each participant were rigidly and deformably aligned to a common atlas (MNI-152). Vulnerability of the brain to deformation was quantified by the ratio of strain energy (SE) to kinetic energy (KE) for each participant. Similarity of deformation patterns between participants was quantified using strain field correlation (C_V). Linear regression models were used to identify the effect of similarity of brain size, shape, and age, as well as similarity of loading, on C_V.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The SE/KE ratio decreased with frequency and was larger for participants undergoing lateral, rather than occipital, actuation. Head rotation about the inferior-superior axis was correlated with larger SE/KE ratio. Strain field correlations were primarily affected by the similarity of rigid-body motion.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>The motion applied to the skull is the most important factor in determining both the vulnerability of the brain to deformation and the similarity between strain fields in different individuals.</p>","PeriodicalId":7986,"journal":{"name":"Annals of Biomedical Engineering","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.0,"publicationDate":"2024-12-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142909079","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}