APL Materials最新文献_第3页

Synergizing intrinsic symmetry breaking with spin–orbit torques for field-free perpendicular magnetic tunnel junction 无磁场垂直磁隧道结的本征对称性破缺与自旋轨道力矩协同作用

IF 6.1 2区材料科学

APL Materials Pub Date : 2024-08-30 DOI: 10.1063/5.0221776

Jing Zhou, Lisen Huang, Sherry Lee Koon Yap, Dennis Jing Xiong Lin, Bingjin Chen, Shaohai Chen, Seng Kai Wong, Jinjun Qiu, James Lourembam, Anjan Soumyanarayanan, Sze Ter Lim

{"title":"Synergizing intrinsic symmetry breaking with spin–orbit torques for field-free perpendicular magnetic tunnel junction","authors":"Jing Zhou, Lisen Huang, Sherry Lee Koon Yap, Dennis Jing Xiong Lin, Bingjin Chen, Shaohai Chen, Seng Kai Wong, Jinjun Qiu, James Lourembam, Anjan Soumyanarayanan, Sze Ter Lim","doi":"10.1063/5.0221776","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1063/5.0221776","url":null,"abstract":"Current-induced spin–orbit torque (SOT) facilitates the ultrafast electrical manipulation of magnetic tunnel junction (MTJ), which is a leading non-volatile technology for the microelectronic industry. The key bottleneck to the commercial application of SOT-MTJ is the absence of a practicable symmetry-breaking scheme to switch perpendicular magnetization without an external magnetic field. Here, we demonstrate the wafer-scale realization of internalized field-free switching in perpendicular SOT-MTJ using conventional materials and device structure. We utilize a dual-function tungsten (W) spacer, which generates sizable SOT while concomitantly breaking symmetry via interlayer exchange coupling (IEC). Tuning the W thickness enables field-free switching with two types of IEC. An optimized combination of SOT and IEC ensures competitive switching performance, with our device exhibiting excellent thermal stability, low switching current density, and fast operating speed. This work builds the long-sought bridge between SOT manipulation of magnetization and wafer-scale field-free perpendicular MTJ. It underscores the urgent need to incorporate perpendicular SOT-MTJ in integrated circuits for applications in logic, memory, and unconventional computing.","PeriodicalId":7985,"journal":{"name":"APL Materials","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":6.1,"publicationDate":"2024-08-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142197804","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Unveiling charge transport in monolayer and few-layer CoPS3/metal contact: Insight from C-AFM 揭示单层和少层 CoPS3/金属接触中的电荷传输：C-AFM 的洞察力

IF 6.1 2区材料科学

APL Materials Pub Date : 2024-08-28 DOI: 10.1063/5.0222472

Mouhui Yan, Haotian Wang, Wenqi Wei, Tianxiang Zhu, Guanghui Cao, Jianxin Zhong, Wei Ren

引用次数: 0

Immunomodulatory hydrogels for tissue repair and regeneration 用于组织修复和再生的免疫调节水凝胶

IF 6.1 2区材料科学

APL Materials Pub Date : 2024-08-23 DOI: 10.1063/5.0228692

Xiangjun Liu, Yue Hu, Yikun Ju, Pu Yang, Naisi Shen, Anqi Yang, Rui Wu, Bairong Fang, Liangle Liu

{"title":"Immunomodulatory hydrogels for tissue repair and regeneration","authors":"Xiangjun Liu, Yue Hu, Yikun Ju, Pu Yang, Naisi Shen, Anqi Yang, Rui Wu, Bairong Fang, Liangle Liu","doi":"10.1063/5.0228692","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1063/5.0228692","url":null,"abstract":"Tissue repair and regeneration have long been a focus of research, with growing evidence highlighting the role played by immunomodulation. The repair of tissue cells can be significantly promoted through the localized immunomodulation of tissues. Hydrogels are increasingly used in this field due to their biocompatibility, versatility, and relative ease of fabrication. This Review highlights the critical role of inflammation and immune development in the complex process of tissue repair after injury, highlighting the dynamic interactions between immune cells that ultimately influence the outcome of tissue healing. We also summarize the precise functions of immune cells and their responses in various tissue injury scenarios, which are critical for harnessing the full potential of immunomodulatory strategies to promote tissue repair. We discuss recent advances in drug-carrying hydrogels, which offer promising avenues for tissue regeneration with precise control of the immune environment for constructive tissue repair. Further advances in our understanding of the mechanisms driving inflammation and immune cell behavior during tissue injury are expected to foster the development of increasingly effective hydrogel-based immunomodulatory strategies to promote tissue repair and regeneration.","PeriodicalId":7985,"journal":{"name":"APL Materials","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":6.1,"publicationDate":"2024-08-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142197831","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Enhancing terahertz magneto-optical effects in wafer-scale RIG single crystal thick films with anti-reflective coatings for improved transmittance 利用抗反射涂层增强晶圆级 RIG 单晶厚膜的太赫兹磁光效应，从而提高透射率

IF 6.1 2区材料科学

APL Materials Pub Date : 2024-08-19 DOI: 10.1063/5.0219811

Qiang Xue, Yuan-Jing Zhang, Qing-Hui Yang, Huai-Wu Zhang, Qi-Ye Wen

{"title":"Enhancing terahertz magneto-optical effects in wafer-scale RIG single crystal thick films with anti-reflective coatings for improved transmittance","authors":"Qiang Xue, Yuan-Jing Zhang, Qing-Hui Yang, Huai-Wu Zhang, Qi-Ye Wen","doi":"10.1063/5.0219811","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1063/5.0219811","url":null,"abstract":"Wafer-scale rare-earth iron garnet (RIG) single crystal thick films were fabricated on 3-in. gadolinium gallium garnet (GGG) substrates using liquid phase epitaxy. The terahertz transmittance of the RIG crystals improved after removing the GGG substrate by polishing. The time-domain spectra at Terahertz (THz) frequencies indicate the existence of a magneto-optical effect in RIG samples. The results indicate that the RIG samples exhibit a high refractive index of ∼4.50 within the 0.1–1.0 THz frequency range, a transmittance of around 40%, and an absorption rate of only 10–50 cm−1. The Faraday rotation angles of the thick single-crystal films of the RIG samples were measured using a THz-TDS system. The RIG has a thickness of ∼330 μm. The Faraday rotation angles of RIG crystals at THz frequencies can reach up to 16° when an external magnetic field of 0.18 T is applied. The Verdet constants of the RIG sample were calculated to be ∼120°/mm/T. To improve the transmittance of the RIG sample, epoxy resin and polymethylpentene (TPX) were used as anti-reflective films. The transmittance of the RIG sample increased by ∼5% for the 80 μm thick epoxy and about 10% for the 320 μm thick TPX. Therefore, this RIG single crystal thick film can achieve a low loss, a high transmittance, and a strong magneto-optical effect in the terahertz region with the cooperation of a reflection-reducing film. It is expected to have wide applications in terahertz magnetic polarization conversion, non-reciprocal phase shifters, and isolators.","PeriodicalId":7985,"journal":{"name":"APL Materials","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":6.1,"publicationDate":"2024-08-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142197823","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Role of the coupling of the electronic transitions on the order of the metal-to-insulator phase transition in nickelates 电子转变耦合对镍酸盐中金属-绝缘体相变顺序的影响

IF 6.1 2区材料科学

APL Materials Pub Date : 2024-08-19 DOI: 10.1063/5.0221334

Lucia Varbaro, Lukas Korosec, Chih-Ying Hsu, Duncan T. L. Alexander, Nicolas Jaouen, Jean-Marc Triscone

引用次数: 0

Surface reconstructions and electronic structure of metallic delafossite thin films 金属 delafossite 薄膜的表面重构和电子结构

IF 6.1 2区材料科学

APL Materials Pub Date : 2024-08-15 DOI: 10.1063/5.0217540

Qi Song, Zhiren He, Brendan D. Faeth, Christopher T. Parzyck, Anna Scheid, Chad J. Mowers, Yufan Feng, Qing Xu, Sonia Hasko, Jisung Park, Matthew R. Barone, Y. Eren Suyolcu, Peter A. van Aken, Betül Pamuk, Craig J. Fennie, Phil D. C. King, Kyle M. Shen, Darrell G. Schlom

{"title":"Surface reconstructions and electronic structure of metallic delafossite thin films","authors":"Qi Song, Zhiren He, Brendan D. Faeth, Christopher T. Parzyck, Anna Scheid, Chad J. Mowers, Yufan Feng, Qing Xu, Sonia Hasko, Jisung Park, Matthew R. Barone, Y. Eren Suyolcu, Peter A. van Aken, Betül Pamuk, Craig J. Fennie, Phil D. C. King, Kyle M. Shen, Darrell G. Schlom","doi":"10.1063/5.0217540","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1063/5.0217540","url":null,"abstract":"The growing interest in the growth and study of thin films of low-dimensional metallic delafossites, with the general formula ABO2, is driven by their potential to exhibit electronic and magnetic characteristics that are not accessible in bulk systems. The layered structure of these compounds introduces unique surface states as well as electronic and structural reconstructions, making the investigation of their surface behavior pivotal to understanding their intrinsic electronic structure. In this work, we study the surface phenomena of epitaxially grown PtCoO2, PdCoO2, and PdCrO2 films, utilizing a combination of molecular-beam epitaxy and angle-resolved photoemission spectroscopy. Through precise control of surface termination and treatment, we discover a pronounced 3×3 surface reconstruction in PtCoO2 films and PdCoO2 films, alongside a 2 × 2 surface reconstruction observed in PdCrO2 films. These reconstructions have not been reported in prior studies of delafossites. Furthermore, our computational investigations demonstrate the BO2 surface’s relative stability compared to the A-terminated surface and the significant reduction in surface energy facilitated by the reconstruction of the A-terminated surface. These experimental and theoretical insights illuminate the complex surface dynamics in metallic delafossites, paving the way for future explorations of their distinctive properties in low-dimensional studies.","PeriodicalId":7985,"journal":{"name":"APL Materials","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":6.1,"publicationDate":"2024-08-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142197825","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Interpretable machine learning for materials discovery: Predicting CO2 adsorption properties of metal–organic frameworks 用于材料发现的可解释机器学习：预测金属有机框架的二氧化碳吸附特性

IF 6.1 2区材料科学

APL Materials Pub Date : 2024-08-15 DOI: 10.1063/5.0222154

Yukun Teng, Guangcun Shan

{"title":"Interpretable machine learning for materials discovery: Predicting CO2 adsorption properties of metal–organic frameworks","authors":"Yukun Teng, Guangcun Shan","doi":"10.1063/5.0222154","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1063/5.0222154","url":null,"abstract":"Metal–organic frameworks (MOFs), as novel porous crystalline materials with high porosity and a large specific surface area, have been increasingly utilized for CO2 adsorption. Machine learning (ML) combined with molecular simulations is used to identify MOFs with high CO2 adsorption capacity from millions of MOF structures. In this study, 23 structural and molecular features and 765 calculated features were proposed for the ML model and trained on a hypothetical MOF dataset for CO2 adsorption at different pressures. The calculated features improved the prediction accuracy of the ML model by 15%–20% and revealed its interpretability, consistent with the analysis of the interaction potential. Subsequently, the importance of the relevant features was ranked at different pressures. Regardless of the pressure, the molecular structure and pore size were the most critical factors. van der Waals force-related descriptors gained more competitive advantages at low pressures, whereas electrical-field-related descriptors gradually dominated at high pressures. Overall, this study provides a novel perspective to guide the initial high-throughput screening of MOFs as high-performance CO2 adsorption materials.","PeriodicalId":7985,"journal":{"name":"APL Materials","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":6.1,"publicationDate":"2024-08-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142197826","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Room temperature chiral magnetoresistance in a chiral-perovskite-based perpendicular spin valve 基于手性透闪石的垂直自旋阀中的室温手性磁阻

IF 6.1 2区材料科学

APL Materials Pub Date : 2024-08-15 DOI: 10.1063/5.0221834

Min-Gu Kang, In-Kook Hwang, Hee-Chang Kyung, Jaimin Kang, Donghyeon Han, Soogil Lee, Junyoung Kwon, Kyung-Jin Lee, Jihyeon Yeom, Byong-Guk Park

{"title":"Room temperature chiral magnetoresistance in a chiral-perovskite-based perpendicular spin valve","authors":"Min-Gu Kang, In-Kook Hwang, Hee-Chang Kyung, Jaimin Kang, Donghyeon Han, Soogil Lee, Junyoung Kwon, Kyung-Jin Lee, Jihyeon Yeom, Byong-Guk Park","doi":"10.1063/5.0221834","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1063/5.0221834","url":null,"abstract":"Chirality-induced spin selectivity (CISS) allows for the generation of spin currents without the need for ferromagnets or external magnetic fields, enabling innovative spintronic device designs. One example is a chiral spin valve composed of ferromagnetic and chiral materials, in which the resistance depends on both the magnetization direction of the ferromagnet and the chirality of the chiral material. So far, chiral spin valves have predominately employed chiral organic molecules, which have limited device applications. Chiral perovskites, which combine the properties of inorganic perovskites with chiral organic molecules, provide an excellent platform for exploring CISS-based devices. However, previous chiral perovskite-based spin valves exhibited magnetoresistance (MR) only at low temperatures. Here, we report room temperature MR in a chiral spin valve consisting of chiral perovskites/AlOx/perpendicular ferromagnet structures. It is observed that the chiral MR increases with rising temperature, suggesting the crucial role of phonon-induced enhancement of spin–orbit coupling in CISS in our device. Furthermore, we enhanced the chiral MR by introducing chiral molecules with amplified chirality. This highlights the potential of chirality engineering to improve CISS and the associated chiral MR, thereby opening possibilities for chiral spin valves tailored for cutting-edge spintronic applications.","PeriodicalId":7985,"journal":{"name":"APL Materials","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":6.1,"publicationDate":"2024-08-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142225268","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Elastocaloric effect and cooling performance of NiTi sheets in a continuous rotating bending elastocaloric cooler 连续旋转弯曲弹性冷却器中镍钛板的弹性热效应和冷却性能

IF 6.1 2区材料科学

APL Materials Pub Date : 2024-08-15 DOI: 10.1063/5.0217563

Siyuan Cheng, Wanju Sun, Xueshi Li, Jiongjiong Zhang

{"title":"Elastocaloric effect and cooling performance of NiTi sheets in a continuous rotating bending elastocaloric cooler","authors":"Siyuan Cheng, Wanju Sun, Xueshi Li, Jiongjiong Zhang","doi":"10.1063/5.0217563","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1063/5.0217563","url":null,"abstract":"Elastocaloric cooling technology has the prospect of becoming a commercialized green alternative to current vapor-compression technology, and the systematic characterization of the elastocaloric effect and microstructure has become increasingly significant for the optimization of elastocaloric coolers and heat pumps. In this work, a comprehensive elastocaloric effect characterization for a dog-bone shaped NiTi sheet with a thickness of 0.5 mm was performed for the application in a compact continuous rotating bending elastocaloric cooler. The elastocaloric effect was found to be nearly identical under Brayton-like and sinusoidal force-controlled cyclic tensile loadings. The maximum adiabatic temperature change values of 31 and 23 K were recorded in Brayton-like cyclic loadings under maximum applied stress of 600 and 400 MPa, respectively, with an applied strain rate of 0.1 s−1. During fatigue tests, large applied stress (&gt;600 MPa) and high applied strain rates (&gt;0.1 s−1) tended to result in premature failure of the NiTi sheet samples. In the continuous rotating bending elastocaloric cooler, the sheets generated a temperature span of 6 K between the copper heat sink and heat source. The results of this work provide a set of thermophysical property data for the elastocaloric solid refrigerant and insights for the optimization of structural and operational parameters in elastocaloric coolers and heat pumps.","PeriodicalId":7985,"journal":{"name":"APL Materials","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":6.1,"publicationDate":"2024-08-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142197822","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Enhanced electrical performance in graphene field-effect transistors through post-annealing of high-k HfLaO gate dielectrics 通过对高 K HfLaO 栅极电介质进行后退火处理提高石墨烯场效应晶体管的电气性能

IF 6.1 2区材料科学

APL Materials Pub Date : 2024-08-14 DOI: 10.1063/5.0207559

Chunlin Liu, Xuesong Li, Ling-Xuan Qian, Jing Tian, Xiping Zhang

{"title":"Enhanced electrical performance in graphene field-effect transistors through post-annealing of high-k HfLaO gate dielectrics","authors":"Chunlin Liu, Xuesong Li, Ling-Xuan Qian, Jing Tian, Xiping Zhang","doi":"10.1063/5.0207559","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1063/5.0207559","url":null,"abstract":"High-k gate dielectrics have attracted a great deal of attention in the investigation of transistors due to their unique properties such as superior gate controllability. However, their integration into graphene field-effect transistors (GFETs) remains problematic and the physical mechanisms governing the performance of these devices are still not fully understood. In this study, the effects of post-annealing on GFETs utilizing the high-k HfLaO ternary oxide as the gate dielectric were comprehensively investigated. The HfLaO film was deposited on top of graphene by magnetron sputtering, and the device performance with various post-annealing temperatures was conducted. It was found that post-annealing temperature can effectively increase the dielectric constant through balancing the oxygen-vacancy defects and moisture absorption. Both the surface morphology of HfLaO and performance of GFETs were investigated, and the fabricated GFETs exhibit notable electrical performance enhancements. Specifically, GFETs with a 200 °C post-annealed HfLaO gate dielectric demonstrate the optimal device performance, featuring a minimal Dirac point voltage (VDirac) of 1.1 V and a minimal hysteresis (ΔVDirac) of 0.5 V. The extracted hole and electron mobilities are 4012 and 1366 cm2/V · s, respectively, nearly one order of magnitude higher than that of GFETs with as-deposited HfLaO. This work outperforms other existing GFETs utilizing high-k gate dielectric and chemical vapor deposition grown graphene in terms of both carrier mobility and on–off ratio. It is also noted that the excessive post-annealing temperature can negatively impact the GFET performance through introducing oxygen vacancies, increasing the surface roughness, lowering the breakdown voltage, and inducing recrystallization.","PeriodicalId":7985,"journal":{"name":"APL Materials","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":6.1,"publicationDate":"2024-08-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142197834","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0