Animals最新文献

{"title":"Consequences of Domestication on Gut Microbiome: A Comparative Analysis Between Wild Boars and Domestic Pigs.","authors":"Da-Yun Bae, Sung-Hyun Moon, Taek Geun Lee, Young-Seung Ko, Yun-Chae Cho, Hamin Kang, Chan-Soo Park, Jung-Sun Kang, Yeonsu Oh, Ho-Seong Cho","doi":"10.3390/ani15050747","DOIUrl":"10.3390/ani15050747","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The gut microbiota plays a vital role in the physiological functions and health of animals. Domestic pigs (<i>Sus scrofa domesticus</i>) and wild boars (<i>Sus scrofa scrofa</i>), which share a common ancestor, present a unique model for exploring the evolutionary changes in gut microbiota due to domestication. Comparing the gut microbiota of these two groups provides a unique opportunity to identify microorganisms that may have been lost or altered during domestication. This study employed 16S rRNA sequencing to compare the gut microbiota compositions of domestic pigs and wild boars, analyzing 69 fecal samples from both groups. Our results indicate significant differences in the taxonomic profiles of the gut microbiota between the two groups. Specifically, the genera <i>Bifidobacterium</i> and <i>Lactobacillus</i>, were found in higher abundance in wild boars. In contrast, domestic pigs exhibited a decreased variety of these potentially health-enhancing bacteria, likely due to factors such as simplified diets and antibiotic use. Functional gene analysis revealed that pathways related to carbohydrate metabolism, lipid metabolism, immune response, and environmental adaptability were more enriched in wild boars. These findings demonstrate significant differences in the gut microbiota composition between domestic pigs and wild boars, underscoring the impact of domestication on microbial diversity. Further research is necessary to explore the potential of transferring beneficial microbes from wild to domestic populations.</p>","PeriodicalId":7955,"journal":{"name":"Animals","volume":"15 5","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.7,"publicationDate":"2025-03-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11899531/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143612943","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A Literature Review on Equine Bedding: Impacts on Horse and Human Welfare, Health, and the Environment.","authors":"Naod Thomas Masebo, Beatrice Benedetti, Maria Mountricha, Leonie Lee, Barbara Padalino","doi":"10.3390/ani15050751","DOIUrl":"10.3390/ani15050751","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Bedding is an important component of equine accommodation management. Choosing the right bedding is important for stable management and its selection may include considerations such as the sourcing of the material, the capital investment and ongoing costs, delivery, storage, installation, ongoing labour and maintenance, removal and disposal. Furthermore, it is crucial that the consequences for the health and welfare of horses and humans and the impact on the environment should also be considered. This review aimed to outline the advantages and disadvantages of different horse bedding types, focusing on their effects on the well-being of horses, humans, and the environment. The Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA) technique was used as the methodology for this review. The search was performed in Scopus and Web of Science bibliometric databases and a total of 176 records were screened reading the title and the abstract. After screening, 58 records were retained and another 19 records were identified using their reference lists (i.e., snowballing). Therefore, a total of 77 records were considered. Straw and wood shavings were the most commonly used and studied bedding materials, while research on alternative options remains limited. Straw is identified as horses' preferred option, while shavings appear to be the easiest to clean, making them the preferred choice for stable workers. The parameters to consider when choosing the bedding most fit for purpose are many and their attributes differ across the various bedding types. This review has compared all the bedding types within the research literature to determine the best overall option using the research-based evidence. Each bedding type offers unique benefits and drawbacks summarised in a user-friendly table. Stable managers must consider and evaluate them to suit their specific needs, including the health and welfare of each horse and the husbandry system involved. Our findings may, therefore, be useful in the decision-making process of equine industry members.</p>","PeriodicalId":7955,"journal":{"name":"Animals","volume":"15 5","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.7,"publicationDate":"2025-03-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11899278/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143612948","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Optimization of Split Feeding Strategy for Laying Hens Through a Response Surface Model.","authors":"Nasima Akter, Thi Hiep Dao, Tamsyn M Crowley, Amy F Moss","doi":"10.3390/ani15050750","DOIUrl":"10.3390/ani15050750","url":null,"abstract":"&lt;p&gt;&lt;p&gt;Laying hens' metabolism goes through a cyclic process to produce eggs, which requires higher dietary protein and energy in the morning (AM) and higher calcium (Ca) in the afternoon/evening (PM) than the rest of the day. Therefore, poultry scientists are trying to adopt a new feeding strategy called AM/PM or split feeding to precisely meet hen's requirements more effectively than conventional methods. A 10-week cage layer trial was carried out via a Box-Behnken response surface design to identify the optimal amount of protein, energy, and calcium of the AM/PM diets. There were 13 test treatments with three levels of crude protein (19.6%/18.4%, 20.3%/17.7%, 21%/17%), calcium (3.3%/4.9%, 2.5%/5.7%, 1.6%/6.6%), and apparent metabolizable energy (AME) (12 MJ/kg/11.2 MJ/kg, 12.4 MJ/kg/10.8 MJ/kg, 12.8 MJ/kg/10.4 MJ/kg) for AM/PM diets respectively and a control treatment with industry baseline (CP-19%, Ca-4.1% and ME 11.6 MJ/kg). These are the calculated values of nutrients on a dry matter basis. A total of 364 hens were randomly distributed into 2 dietary treatments where each treatment had 13 replicates (2 hens per replicate cage, 26 hens per treatment). AM and PM diets were swapped out at approximately 8 am and 4 pm each day. Egg production and hen performance were measured daily and weekly, respectively, with egg quality, serum Ca, and nutrient digestibility measured at week 10. AM:PM intake and feed cost were calculated for each treatment. The optimal FCR, feed cost, and AM:PM intake were used to determine Ca, CP, and AME levels. The result showed that 6 out of 13 of our test treatments gave improved FCR compared to the control treatment (&lt;i&gt;p&lt;/i&gt; = 0.017). Dietary treatments did not affect overall hen weight and serum Ca and egg quality at week 10, except for the lower yolk color score in the control treatment (&lt;i&gt;p&lt;/i&gt; = 0.002). Hens in the experimental treatment, with calcium levels of 1.6% and 6.6%, crude protein (CP) levels of 19.6% and 18.4%, and AME content of 12.4 MJ/kg and 10.8 MJ/kg in the AM and PM diet, respectively, showed the highest apparent protein digestibility (56.6%) compared to the control group (&lt;i&gt;p&lt;/i&gt; &lt; 0.05). Similarly, hens receiving a treatment containing calcium at 3.3% and 4.9%, CP at 21% and 17%, and AME at 12.4 MJ/kg and 10.8 MJ/kg in the AM and PM diet, respectively, achieved the highest calcium digestibility (62.13%), while the control treatment yielded the lowest calcium digestibility (&lt;i&gt;p&lt;/i&gt; &lt; 0.05). After analyzing the data using the Box-Behnken response surface methodology, we found that (21/17)% CP, (3.3/4.9)% Ca, and (12/11.12) MJ/kg energy in the AM/PM diet gave the optimum performance in terms of lower feed cost and better feed efficiency. The data of AM:PM intake demonstrate that selective feeding occurs in between treatments (&lt;i&gt;p&lt;/i&gt; &lt; 0.001) and the degree of selection depends on the difference between the level of nutrients in AM and PM diet. This study revealed that when optimized, AM/PM feedi","PeriodicalId":7955,"journal":{"name":"Animals","volume":"15 5","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.7,"publicationDate":"2025-03-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11899109/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143613062","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Occurrence of Ocular Disorders in California Sea Lions Under Human Care: Comparing Freshwater and Saltwater Housing Conditions.","authors":"Ingrid Brehm, Silas Herzner, Katrin Baumgartner, Jörg Beckmann, Ralph Simon, Lorenzo von Fersen","doi":"10.3390/ani15050739","DOIUrl":"10.3390/ani15050739","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>California sea lions (<i>Zalophus californianus</i>) are susceptible to various ocular diseases, with some literature suggesting a heightened risk for those kept in freshwater pools as opposed to saltwater. Given the potential implications of housing conditions on animal health, we wanted to analyze the ocular health of two distinct groups of California sea lions kept at Nuremberg Zoo, one housed in freshwater and the other in saltwater. Data extracted from the animals' medical records during a ten-year period were used to compare the incidence of eye conditions and other medical conditions observed. The results revealed no significant difference in the overall occurrence of eye diseases between the two environments. However, a distinct seasonal pattern was noted: California sea lions kept in freshwater exhibited a peak in eye disorders during the summer months, while those in saltwater displayed a more uniform distribution of the occurrence of ocular diseases throughout the year. These findings suggest that sun exposure and water quality are potentially more influential factors in the development of ocular diseases in pinnipeds than salinity. Further studies are necessary to elucidate the underlying mechanisms and optimize care practices for these marine mammals.</p>","PeriodicalId":7955,"journal":{"name":"Animals","volume":"15 5","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.7,"publicationDate":"2025-03-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11899396/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143612854","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Morphological and Genetic Assessments of Coyote Diet in Qualla Boundary, North Carolina, Show Interaction with Humans.","authors":"Caitlin Miller, Donald Linzey, Eric Hallerman","doi":"10.3390/ani15050741","DOIUrl":"10.3390/ani15050741","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Throughout the 20th century, coyotes (<i>Canis latrans</i>) expanded from their historical geographic range west of the Mississippi River to a current range of almost all of North America. Over the course of this expansion, coyotes have demonstrated diverse and variable omnivorous diets that change with the food resources available. This study examined the stomach contents of 25 coyotes in an area where they are relatively new, the Qualla Boundary in North Carolina, to better understand the diets of coyotes in this area. A combination of morphological identification and DNA barcoding was used to characterize the stomach contents of coyotes. Both plant and animal material were identified from anthropogenic and natural sources, the latter including native mammals. This study provides one example of the breadth and flexibility of coyote diets and helps build an understanding of how coyotes can adapt to new conditions.</p>","PeriodicalId":7955,"journal":{"name":"Animals","volume":"15 5","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.7,"publicationDate":"2025-03-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11899644/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143612873","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Potential Genetic Markers Associated with Environmental Adaptability in Herbivorous Livestock.","authors":"Xiaotong Liu, Yongdong Peng, Xinhao Zhang, Wenting Chen, Yinghui Chen, Lin Wei, Qifei Zhu, Muhammad Zahoor Khan, Changfa Wang","doi":"10.3390/ani15050748","DOIUrl":"10.3390/ani15050748","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Herbivorous livestock, such as cattle, sheep, goats, horses, and donkeys, play a crucial role in agricultural production and possess remarkable resilience to extreme environmental conditions, driven by complex genetic mechanisms. Recent advancements in high-throughput sequencing, genome assembly, and environmental data integration have enabled a deeper understanding of the genetic basis of their environmental adaptation. This review identifies key genes associated with high-altitude, heat, cold, and drought adaptation, providing insights into the molecular mechanisms underlying these traits. By elucidating these genetic adaptations, our study aims to support conservation efforts, inform selective breeding programs, and enhance agricultural productivity, ultimately contributing to sustainable livestock farming and economic benefits for farmers.</p>","PeriodicalId":7955,"journal":{"name":"Animals","volume":"15 5","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.7,"publicationDate":"2025-03-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11898825/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143613083","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Single-Cell RNA Sequencing Reveals an Atlas of Meihua Pig Testis Cells.","authors":"Mao Zhang, Yiming Yan, Guoliang Peng, Shuang Gao, Hongyi Li, Yuan Li","doi":"10.3390/ani15050752","DOIUrl":"10.3390/ani15050752","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Mammalian spermatogenesis is a complex biological process that is regulated by multiple types of cells. The heterogeneity of these cells poses a challenge for analyzing different cell types at different developmental stages. To characterize the transcriptomic landscape of porcine spermatogenesis and identify potential marker genes for spermatogonia, an unbiased transcriptomic study of spermatogenesis in neonatal and sexually mature six-month-old Meihua pigs was performed using 10× Genomics single-cell RNA sequencing (scRNA-seq). Through the collection of scRNA-seq data from 13,839 cells from Meihua pig testes, three germ cells (spermatogonia, spermatocytes and spermatids) and eight somatic cells (Sertoli cells, Leydig cells, myoid/stromal cells, endothelial cells, T cells/macrophages and erythroblasts) were identified. Pseudo-timing analysis showed that myoid cells and stromal cells originated from common progenitors in Meihua pigs. Functional enrichment analysis revealed that the differentially expressed genes (DEGs) in testicular somatic cells were enriched in the pathways of Ribosome, Oxidative phosphorylation, Protein processing in endoplasmic reticulum, Retrograde endocannabinoid signaling, Cellular senescence and Insulin signaling. Meanwhile, in the three different germ cells, except for pathways which were the same as the first three pathways for somatic cells, DEGs were also enriched in the Spliceosome, Cell cycle, Autophagy and Mitophagy pathways. Furthermore, the candidate marker gene TKTL1 in spermatogonia was identified using immunohistochemistry and immunofluorescence. In conclusion, we collected transcription datasets and constructed single-cell developmental maps of germ cells and somatic cells during the testicular development of Meihua pigs, which provided new insights into the spermatogenesis of Meihua pigs and the development of various types of cells in their testes.</p>","PeriodicalId":7955,"journal":{"name":"Animals","volume":"15 5","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.7,"publicationDate":"2025-03-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11899385/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143613051","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Classification of FAMACHA© Scores with Support Vector Machine Algorithm from Body Condition Score and Hematological Parameters in Pelibuey Sheep.","authors":"Oswaldo Margarito Torres-Chable, Cem Tırınk, Rosa Inés Parra-Cortés, Miguel Ángel Gastelum Delgado, Ignacio Vázquez Martínez, Armando Gomez-Vazquez, Aldenamar Cruz-Hernandez, Enrique Camacho-Pérez, Dany Alejandro Dzib-Cauich, Uğur Şen, Hacer Tüfekci, Lütfi Bayyurt, Hilal Tozlu Çelik, Ömer Faruk Yılmaz, Alfonso J Chay-Canul","doi":"10.3390/ani15050737","DOIUrl":"10.3390/ani15050737","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The aim of this study is to evaluate the model performance in the classification of FAMACHA© scores using Support Vector Machines (SVMs) with a focus on the estimation of the FAMACHA© scoring system used for early diagnosis and treatment management of parasitic infections. FAMACHA© scores are a color-based visual assessment system used to determine parasite load in animals, and in this study, the accuracy of the model was investigated. The model's accuracy rate was analyzed in detail with metrics such as sensitivity, specificity, and positive/negative predictive values. The results showed that the model had high sensitivity and specificity rates for class 1 and class 3, while the performance was relatively low for class 2. These findings not only demonstrate that SVM is an effective method for classifying FAMACHA© scores but also highlight the need for improvement for class 2. In particular, the high accuracy rate (97.26%) and high kappa value (0.9588) of the model indicate that SVM is a reliable tool for FAMACHA© score estimation. In conclusion, this study demonstrates the potential of SVM technology in veterinary epidemiology and provides important information for future applications. These results may contribute to efforts to improve scientific approaches for the management of parasitic infections.</p>","PeriodicalId":7955,"journal":{"name":"Animals","volume":"15 5","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.7,"publicationDate":"2025-03-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11898691/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143612827","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Game Species Management and Ecosystem Health: Leveraging Vulture Scavenging to Improve Carcass Disposal and Health Risk Reduction.","authors":"Inmaculada Navarro, Raquel Castillo-Contreras","doi":"10.3390/ani15050732","DOIUrl":"10.3390/ani15050732","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Avian scavengers, particularly vultures, play a crucial role in ecosystem health by efficiently consuming carcasses, thereby reducing pathogen abundance and limiting disease transmission to wildlife, livestock, and humans. In addition to the indispensable role of vultures, they are a particularly threatened group of birds. This study investigates the environmental factors that optimize this ecosystem service by examining the scavenging dynamics of vultures and other species at deer carcasses in a hunting area in Sierra Madrona, Ciudad Real, Spain. Carcasses were placed in habitats with different vegetation densities (open vs. dense) and altitudes (high vs. low) and were monitored for 30 days using camera traps. Data on scavenger diversity, arrival times, and carcass persistence were analyzed using Bayesian multilevel models. Results reveal that vegetation density and altitude significantly influence vulture arrival times and carcass duration, with dense vegetation and low altitudes delaying scavenger access. These findings provide actionable insights for game management to enhance vulture conservation and improve both public and ecosystem health through timely and effective carcass removal.</p>","PeriodicalId":7955,"journal":{"name":"Animals","volume":"15 5","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.7,"publicationDate":"2025-03-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11899110/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143612902","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The Role of <i>NFAT5</i> in Immune Response and Antioxidant Defense in the Thick-Shelled Mussel (<i>Mytilus coruscus</i>).","authors":"Yijiang Bei, Xirui Si, Wenjun Ma, Pengzhi Qi, Yingying Ye","doi":"10.3390/ani15050726","DOIUrl":"10.3390/ani15050726","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Nuclear Factor of Activated T Cells 5 (<i>NFAT5</i>) is a transcription factor that plays a pivotal role in immune regulation. While its functions have been extensively studied in mammalian immune systems, its role in marine invertebrates, particularly in bivalves, remains largely unexplored. This study provides the first characterization of the <i>NFAT5</i> gene in the thick-shelled mussel (<i>Mytilus coruscus</i>), investigating its evolutionary characteristics and immunological functions. Using direct RNA sequencing, <i>McNFAT5</i> was comprehensively analyzed, revealing its critical involvement in the innate immune response of <i>M. coruscus</i> to <i>Vibrio alginolyticus</i> challenge. Differential expression patterns of <i>McNFAT5</i> were observed across various tissues with the highest expression detected in hemolymphs. The knockdown of <i>McNFAT5</i> using small interfering RNA (siRNA) led to a significant reduction in the activities of superoxide dismutase (SOD), Na⁺/K⁺-ATPase, and antioxidant enzymes compared to levels observed post-infection. These findings highlight the central role of <i>McNFAT5</i> in modulating antioxidant defense mechanisms. In conclusion, <i>McNFAT5</i> is a key regulatory factor in the innate immune system of <i>M. coruscus</i>, providing valuable insights into the immune adaptive mechanisms and evolutionary mechanisms of bivalve immunity. This study contributes to a deeper understanding of the immune regulatory networks in marine invertebrates.</p>","PeriodicalId":7955,"journal":{"name":"Animals","volume":"15 5","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.7,"publicationDate":"2025-03-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11898675/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143613168","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}