Animals最新文献

{"title":"The Gut Microbiota of the Greater Horseshoe Bat Confers Rapidly Corresponding Immune Cells in Mice.","authors":"Shan Luo, Xinlei Huang, Siyu Chen, Junyi Li, Hui Wu, Yuhua He, Lei Zhou, Boyu Liu, Jiang Feng","doi":"10.3390/ani15050685","DOIUrl":"10.3390/ani15050685","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Emerging infectious diseases threaten human and animal health, with most pathogens originating from wildlife. Bats are natural hosts for many infectious agents. Previous studies have demonstrated that changes in some specific genes in bats may contribute to resistance to viral infections, but they have mostly overlooked the immune function of the bat gut microbiota.</p><p><strong>Aims: </strong>In this study, we used fecal transplants to transfer the gut microbiota from the Greater Horseshoe Bat (<i>Rhinolophus ferrumequinum</i>) into mice treated with antibiotics. The gut microbiota changes in mice were detected using 16S rRNA high-throughput sequencing technology. Flow cytometry was used to detect changes in associated immune cells in the spleen and mesenteric lymph nodes of the mice.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The results showed that the gut microbiota of mice showed characteristics of some bat gut microbiota. The Greater Horseshoe Bat's gut microbiota changed some immune cells' composition in the spleen and mesenteric lymph nodes of mice and also conferred a faster and higher proportion of natural killer cell activation.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>This result provides new evidence for the regulatory immune function of bat gut microbiota and contributes to a deeper insight into the unique immune system of bats.</p>","PeriodicalId":7955,"journal":{"name":"Animals","volume":"15 5","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.7,"publicationDate":"2025-02-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11899282/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143613156","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Storage Conditions of Sperm Samples and Gametic Characterization by Sperm Head Morphometry in Drones (<i>Apis mellifera</i>).","authors":"Milagros Cristina Esteso, Adolfo Toledano-Díaz, Cristina Castaño, Mariano Higes, Raquel Martín-Hernández, Agustin López-Goya, Pilar De la Rúa, Belén Martínez-Madrid, Julián Santiago-Moreno","doi":"10.3390/ani15050672","DOIUrl":"10.3390/ani15050672","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The present study aimed to evaluate an optimal method to transport and store drone sperm samples, as well as to characterize drone spermatozoa through sperm head morphometry. A total of 291 mature drones were used. We performed three experiments. In a first experiment, sperm variables were assessed under different incubation conditions (5 °C, 15 °C, and 37 °C with 5% CO₂). Results showed that sperm viability was optimally maintained at 15 °C (<i>p</i> ˂ 0.05). In the second experiment, the supplementation of extender with catalase (200 UI) improved (<i>p</i> ˂ 0.05) the sperm viability and motility during liquid storage at different incubation times. Finally, a morphometric analysis of sperm head was made: length 5.13 µm, width 0.85 µm, area 3.78 µm², perimeter 15.01 µm, acrosome length 3.50 µm. The variability in sperm head morphometry was calculated by coefficients of variation (CV) within- and between-drones. The CV within-drone was higher than the CV between-drones for all morphometric parameters regardless of hive origin, indicating a high degree of sperm pleomorphism.</p>","PeriodicalId":7955,"journal":{"name":"Animals","volume":"15 5","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.7,"publicationDate":"2025-02-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11898524/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143613053","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Limb-Sparing Surgery and Stifle Arthrodesis Using Patient-Specific 3D-Printed Guides and Endoprosthesis for Distal Femoral Chondrosarcoma in a Dog: A Case Report.","authors":"Enrico Panichi, Marco Tabbì, Gaetano Principato, Valentina Dal Magro, Fabio Valentini, Marco Currenti, Francesco Macrì","doi":"10.3390/ani15050673","DOIUrl":"10.3390/ani15050673","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Limb-sparing techniques for appendicular primary bone tumors are still associated with a high rate of complications. Three-dimensional (3D)-printed patient-specific instruments could reduce these complications. The aim of this study is to describe a limb-sparing surgery using 3D-printed patient-specific guides (PSGs) and an endoprosthesis (PSE) to treat femoral chondrosarcoma in a dog. An eight-year-old female Golden Retriever presented with persistent lameness of the right hind limb, reluctance to move and difficulty in maintaining a standing position. Palpation of the right femur revealed an approximately 4 cm painful lesion. Cytological analysis of the needle aspiration supported the clinical and radiological suggestion of a cartilaginous bone neoplasm. Computed tomography (CT) scans suggested the presence of an aggressive lesion on the right distal femur. CT scans of the femur and tibia were then reconstructed using a bone tissue algorithm and processed with computer-aided design (CAD) software, which allowed for performing virtual surgical planning (VSP) and the fabrication of both the PSG and the PSE. Anti-inflammatory drugs and monoclonal antibodies were used for pain management while waiting for surgery. Adjuvant chemotherapy was also administered. An ostectomy of the distal third of the femur to completely remove the tumor was performed with the designed PSG, while the bone defect was filled with the designed PSE. Histopathological examination of the osteotomized bone segment confirmed a grade 2 central chondrosarcoma. There was no excessive tumor growth during the 28 days between the CT scans and surgery. Both PSG and PSE fitted perfectly to the bone surfaces. PSG eliminated the need for intraoperative imaging and ensured a faster and more accurate osteotomy. PSE optimized load sharing and eliminated the complications of the commercial endoprosthesis, such as incongruity and the need for manual intraoperative adjustment. Overall, the use of VSP, 3D-printed PSG and PSE significantly reduced surgical time, risk of infection and intra- and postoperative complications.</p>","PeriodicalId":7955,"journal":{"name":"Animals","volume":"15 5","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.7,"publicationDate":"2025-02-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11898944/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143613134","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Animal Cruelty in New York City: Cruelty Cases Presented to the ASPCA in Partnership with the NYPD 2013-2022.","authors":"Shiny Caldwell, Emily Patterson-Kane, Elizabeth Brandler, Maya Gupta, Randall Lockwood","doi":"10.3390/ani15050662","DOIUrl":"10.3390/ani15050662","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Between September 2013 and 2022, the American Society for the Prevention of Cruelty to Animals (ASPCA) received 2783 suspected animal cruelty cases involving 5745 animals through a partnership with the New York City Police Department (NYPD). These cases involved dogs (2271/2783, 82%), cats (408/2783, 15%), and other species (104/2783, 4%). Dogs were most likely to be presented for suspected neglect (1424/2271, 63%), and cats for suspected non-accidental injury (233/408, 58%). Animals were most often presented by law enforcement (1018/2783, 37%), municipal shelters (383/2783, 14%), and veterinarians (311/2783, 11%). These findings contribute to understanding neglect as a commonly reported type of animal cruelty. Cruelty toward cats appears less well understood and may be under-reported or more severe, requiring further research and attention.</p>","PeriodicalId":7955,"journal":{"name":"Animals","volume":"15 5","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.7,"publicationDate":"2025-02-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11898196/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143612739","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Genetic Evaluation of Resilience Indicators in Holstein Cows.","authors":"Eva Kašná, Ludmila Zavadilová, Jan Vařeka","doi":"10.3390/ani15050667","DOIUrl":"10.3390/ani15050667","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The analysis of resilience indicators was based on daily milk yields recorded from 3347 lactations of 3080 Holstein cows located on 10 farms between 2022 and 2024. Six farms used an automatic milking system. A random regression function with a fourth-degree Legendre polynomial was used to predict the lactation curve. The indicators were the natural log-transformed variance (LnVar), lag-1 autocorrelation (r-auto), and skewness (skew) of daily milk yield (DMY) deviations from the predicted lactation curve, as well as the log-transformed variance of DMY (Var). The single-step genomic prediction method (ssGBLUP) was used for genomic evaluation. A total of 9845 genotyped animals and 36,839 SNPs were included. Heritability estimates were low (0.02-0.13). The strongest genetic correlation (0.87) was found between LnVar and Var. The genetic correlation between r-auto and skew was also strong but negative (-0.73). Resilience indicators showed a negative correlation with milk yield per lactation and a positive correlation with fat and protein contents. The negative correlation between fertility and two resilience indicators may be due to the evaluation period (50th-150th day of lactation) being when cows are most often bred after calving, and a decrease in production may accompany a significant oestrus. The associations between resilience indicators and health traits (clinical mastitis, claw health) were weak but mostly favourable.</p>","PeriodicalId":7955,"journal":{"name":"Animals","volume":"15 5","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.7,"publicationDate":"2025-02-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11899513/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143612849","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Effects and Mechanisms of Imperatorin on Vitrified Mouse Oocytes.","authors":"Yuan Feng, Mengyuan Zhang, Wenqing Yuan, Dan Zhao, Zhixuan Luo, Zihui Tang, Yongheng Wang, Ming Cang","doi":"10.3390/ani15050661","DOIUrl":"10.3390/ani15050661","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Imperatorin (IMP) is a naturally occurring furanocoumarin with beneficial biological activities such as anticancer, antioxidant, and neuromodulatory properties. Currently, the protective effects and mechanisms of IMP on oxidative stress experienced by mouse oocytes after vitrification-thawing remain unclear. To investigate the influence of IMP on mouse oocyte development after vitrification-thawing, we added different concentrations of IMP to the vitrification and thawing media. Results indicated that the addition of 40 μM IMP enhanced post-thaw fertilization capacity, reduced intracellular reactive oxygen species (ROS) levels, and increased intracellular glutathione (GSH) levels. IMP also improved mitochondrial health by alleviating the decrease in mitochondrial membrane potential (MMP) and enhancing mitochondrial distribution. IMP reduced intracellular ROS levels by affecting the transcription of the antioxidant genes <i>SOD2</i>, <i>NRF2</i>, and <i>HO-1</i> and enhancing SOD activity. It also elevated GSH levels via <i>GPX1</i>, improved mitochondrial function, and decreased early apoptosis through <i>Bcl-2.</i> In conclusion, IMP enhanced ovum health through the alleviation of oxidative stress. The present study provides useful information for further exploration of the molecular mechanisms of IMP in female reproductive cells and offers a novel approach for the improvement of vitrification technology.</p>","PeriodicalId":7955,"journal":{"name":"Animals","volume":"15 5","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.7,"publicationDate":"2025-02-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11898152/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143613069","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Effects of Follicular Fluid and Serum Supplementation on Cumulus Cell Expansion and Nuclear Progression of Guinea Pig Oocytes, Using a Baseline Medium Established with Bovine Oocytes.","authors":"Jorge X Samaniego, José L Pesantez, Luis E Ayala, Fernando P Perea, Diego A Galarza, Jorge B Dutan, Salvador Ruiz","doi":"10.3390/ani15050666","DOIUrl":"10.3390/ani15050666","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>This study evaluated the effects of serum (egpS) and follicular fluid (egpFF) from estrus guinea pigs as in vitro maturation (IVM) supplements for natural cycle guinea pig oocytes. Two experiments were conducted: the first assessed three IVM media, a commercial medium (CMOM) and two homemade media (HMOM-P and HMOM-S), for oocyte in vitro maturation using 615 bovine oocytes, while the second evaluated the incorporation of 5%, 10%, and 20% egpFF or egpS into IVM media for 1744 guinea pig oocytes. Initially, we optimized the IVM base medium using bovine oocytes to determine the most suitable culture conditions. The results obtained from these experiments served as a critical foundation for subsequent supplementation trials conducted with guinea pig oocytes. The oocytes were cultured in 70 μL drops under controlled atmospheric conditions, and maturation rates were assessed based on cumulus cell expansion and nuclear progression. The HMOM-S medium significantly enhanced cumulus cell expansion (72.5 ± 2.88%) compared with the CMOM medium (57.7 ± 5.33%; <i>p</i> < 0.05). Supplementation with egpFF at 5% (68.8 ± 6.22%), 10% (76.3 ± 5.39%), and 20% (80.9 ± 6.22%) significantly improved both cumulus cell expansion and nuclear progression in high-quality oocytes (types A and B), compared to the control group (43.3 ± 4.82%). Conversely, supplementation with egpS did not have a significant effect on cumulus cell expansion (<i>p</i> > 0.05); however, it notably improved nuclear maturation in low-quality oocytes (type C) at concentrations of 10% and 20% (<i>p</i> < 0.05). This resulted in an overall improvement in maturation outcomes, particularly for oocytes with compromised initial quality. These findings demonstrated that the IVM of guinea pig oocytes using HMOM-S medium was significantly enhanced by the presence of egpFF, whereas egpS supplementation exhibited a less pronounced effect on IVM outcomes.</p>","PeriodicalId":7955,"journal":{"name":"Animals","volume":"15 5","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.7,"publicationDate":"2025-02-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11899534/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143613121","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Analysis of the Transcriptional Control of <i>Bcl11b</i> in Chicken: IRF1 and GATA1 as Negative Regulators.","authors":"Lingling Qiu, Haojie Wang, Wenhao Li, Ting Yang, Hao Bai, Guobin Chang","doi":"10.3390/ani15050665","DOIUrl":"10.3390/ani15050665","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>B-cell lymphoma/leukemia 11B (Bcl11b) plays roles in cell proliferation and apoptosis and holds a pivotal position within the immune system. Our previous studies have demonstrated that Bcl11b can promote cell apoptosis to curb ALV-J infection. To gain insights into the molecular mechanisms underlying <i>Bcl11b</i> expression regulation in chickens, we constructed various truncated dual luciferase reporter vectors and analyzed the promoter region of <i>Bcl11b</i>. We employed promoter-binding TF profiling assay and the dual luciferase assay of site-directed mutagenesis and the expression level of interfering or overexpressing transcription factors were used to study their transcriptional regulation mechanism of chicken <i>Bcl11b</i> and functions in ALV-J infection. Our findings revealed core regulatory regions of the chicken <i>Bcl11b</i> promoter. By examining the -606~-363 bp region, we identified several transcription factors and their binding sites. Mutational and functional analysis further revealed interferon regulatory factor-1 (IRF1) and GATA-binding protein 1 (GATA1) as critical factors for the repression of chicken <i>Bcl11b</i>, thereby affecting cell apoptosis and ALV-J replication. Furthermore, DNA methylation analysis indicated that methylation may also contribute to changes in <i>Bcl11b</i> promoter activity. These findings offer valuable insights into the regulatory mechanisms of chicken <i>Bcl11b</i> and provide promising targets for molecular breeding and genetic improvement of disease resistance in chickens.</p>","PeriodicalId":7955,"journal":{"name":"Animals","volume":"15 5","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.7,"publicationDate":"2025-02-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11898421/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143612736","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Human Recombinant Interleukin-6 and Leukemia Inhibitory Factor Improve Inner Cell Mass Cell Number but Lack Cryoprotective Activities on In Vitro-Produced Bovine Blastocysts.","authors":"Mary A Oliver, Kayla J Alward, Michelle L Rhoads, Alan D Ealy","doi":"10.3390/ani15050668","DOIUrl":"10.3390/ani15050668","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>This work explored whether supplementing recombinant human interleukin-6 (IL6), interleukin-11 (IL11), or leukemia inhibitory factor (LIF) improves IVP bovine embryo development, morphology, and cryosurvivability. Embryos were treated from day 5 to 8 post-fertilization with either the carrier only (control) or 100 ng/mL of IL6, IL11, or LIF. Blastocyst formation and stage were determined on day 7 and 8. A subset of day 8 blastocysts was processed for immunofluorescence to count trophectoderm (TE) and inner cell mass (ICM) cell numbers and another subset was slow frozen and stored in liquid nitrogen until thawing. No differences in the blastocyst rate or blastocyst stage of development were detected. Increases in ICM cell numbers were observed for IL6 and LIF but not the IL11 treatment. None of the cytokine treatments applied before freezing affected post-thaw survival, TE or ICM cell number, or cell death 24 h after thawing. In conclusion, supplementing IL6 and LIF improves ICM cell numbers in non-frozen blastocysts, but there was no evidence that any of these cytokine treatments contain cryoprotective properties in bovine embryos.</p>","PeriodicalId":7955,"journal":{"name":"Animals","volume":"15 5","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.7,"publicationDate":"2025-02-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11899334/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143613070","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"<i>miR-192-2</i> Regulates the Proliferation and Apoptosis of Ovarian Granulosa Cells by Targeting <i>IGFBP2</i> in Zhedong White Geese.","authors":"Size Wang, Chuicheng Zeng, Yue Pan, Zhengyu Zang, Yuanliang Zhang, Shan Yue, Xiuhua Zhao, He Huang","doi":"10.3390/ani15050663","DOIUrl":"10.3390/ani15050663","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The proliferation and apoptosis of ovarian granulosa cells (GC) is critical for follicular development and ovulation, especially for egg-laying performance in female birds. In geese, follicular atrophy is accompanied by follicular GC apoptosis during brooding stages. MicroRNAs are involved in follicular development, atrophy, ovulation, and degeneration. Our previous high-throughput sequencing study of ovaries from laying and brooding geese revealed that <i>miR-192-2</i> may be involved in follicle growth and development, as well as follicle cell proliferation and apoptosis in geese. To further investigate the effect of <i>miR-192-2</i> on GC in geese, we screened the target gene of <i>miR-192-2</i> (<i>IGFBP2</i>) and constructed a <i>miR-192-2</i> overexpression and interference vector, synthesized a small interfering RNA for <i>IGFBP2</i>. The results showed that after <i>miR-192-2</i> overexpression, the mRNA and protein expression of proliferation-related genes (<i>PCNA</i>, <i>CDK2</i>, <i>CCND1</i>, and <i>CCND2</i>) were significantly decreased, the mRNA and protein expression of apoptosis-related genes (<i>Caspase3</i>, <i>Caspase8</i>, and <i>Caspase9</i>) were significantly increased, and the mRNA and protein expression of anti-apoptosis gene <i>Bcl-2</i> were significantly decreased. While the mRNA and protein expressions of <i>PCNA</i>, <i>CDK2</i>, <i>CCND1</i>, and <i>CCND2</i> were significantly decreased after the downregulation of <i>IGFBP2</i> expression, the mRNA and protein expressions of <i>Caspase3</i>, <i>Caspase8</i>, and <i>Caspase9</i> were significantly increased, and the mRNA and protein expression of <i>Bcl-2</i> was significantly decreased. In conclusion, <i>miR-192-2</i> inhibited proliferation and promoted apoptosis of follicular GC by targeting <i>IGFBP2</i> in Zhedong White geese. Apoptosis of GC leads to follicular atresia, which in turn leads to brooding behavior in female geese. Therefore, it is possible to explore inhibiting the expression of <i>miR-192-2</i> in production to alter the brooding behavior of Zhedong White Geese, thereby improving egg production and economic returns for producers.</p>","PeriodicalId":7955,"journal":{"name":"Animals","volume":"15 5","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.7,"publicationDate":"2025-02-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11898151/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143612945","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}