Animals最新文献

{"title":"Neurobehavioral Comorbidities in Canine Idiopathic Epilepsy: New Insights into Cognitive and Emotional Domains.","authors":"Rosado Belén, Palacio Jorge, Menchaca Carolina, García-Belenguer Sylvia","doi":"10.3390/ani15111592","DOIUrl":"10.3390/ani15111592","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Neurobehavioral comorbidities in dogs with idiopathic epilepsy (IE) are increasingly recognized, yet their phenotypic variability and clinical implications remain poorly understood. This study aimed to identify behavioral changes following seizure onset and to explore the feasibility of stratifying patients based on neurobehavioral profiles. Seventy client-owned dogs with IE were enrolled and grouped according to treatment: 29 had drug-resistant epilepsy (DRE), 29 were drug-sensitive (DSE), and 12 remained untreated. Owners completed a modified version of the C-BARQ questionnaire, assessing behaviors before and after seizure onset. Nearly one-third of behavioral items showed significant changes, particularly in attachment and attention-seeking behaviors, separation-related behaviors, eating behavior, and signs of cognitive decline such as reduced trainability and dementia-like signs. Principal component analysis followed by cluster analysis revealed two distinct neurobehavioral profiles: Cognitive and Emotional. The Cognitive cluster was associated with a higher total questionnaire score, poorer seizure control (predominantly DRE), and lower owner-perceived quality of life. In contrast, the Emotional cluster was more frequently observed in dogs with DSE or no treatment and was associated with higher quality of life scores. These findings support the clinical relevance of behavioral stratification in canine epilepsy and underscore the need for individualized, multimodal approaches to improve patient care.</p>","PeriodicalId":7955,"journal":{"name":"Animals","volume":"15 11","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.7,"publicationDate":"2025-05-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12153923/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144282159","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A Mixture of Free and Microencapsulated Essential Oils Combined with Turmeric and Tannin in the Diet of Dairy Cows: Effects on Productive Efficiency and Animal Health.","authors":"Emeline Pizzolatto de Mello, Miklos Maximiliano Bajay, Tainara Leticia Dos Santos, Renato Santos de Jesus, Guilherme Luiz Deolindo, Luisa Nora, Mario Augusto Tortelli, Gilnei Bruno da Silva, Daiane Manica, Margarete Dulce Bagatini, Francisco Machado, Aleksandro S da Silva","doi":"10.3390/ani15111588","DOIUrl":"10.3390/ani15111588","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>This study aimed to evaluate whether the addition of a phytobiotic additive formulated based on cinnamon and oregano essential oils (50% free and 50% microencapsulated) combined with turmeric extract and tannins to the diet of cows has beneficial effects on health, productivity, and milk quality. In a completely randomized design, eighteen Jersey cows were used in a compost barn system over 45 days. The cows were divided into two homogeneous groups: one control (without additive; <i>n</i> = 9) and another treatment (with a phytobiotic at a dose of 2 g/cow/day; <i>n</i> = 9). The diet was formulated based on corn silage, hay and concentrate for daily 30 L/cow production. Blood and milk samples were collected at 15-day intervals. There was a treatment × day interaction: cows that consumed the phytobiotic additive produced a more significant amount of milk at days 14, 17, 18, 30, 39 and 45 (<i>p</i> ≤ 0.05). When we corrected milk production for fat percentage, we observed higher milk production in the cows that consumed phytobiotics compared to the control during the experimental period (<i>p</i> = 0.01). The feed intake of cows fed phytobiotics was lower (<i>p</i> = 0.01). Thus, feed efficiency was better in cows that consumed phytogenics. There was a higher percentage of fat in the milk of cows that consumed phytobiotics and a higher amount of polyunsaturated fatty acids compared to the control (<i>p</i> = 0.02). There was an increase in total protein and globulin levels (<i>p</i> = 0.01), which may be associated with the interaction of the antimicrobial, antioxidant, and immunomodulatory properties of the phytobiotic additive. An increase in immunoglobulins (<i>p</i> = 0.01) and a reduction in acute-phase proteins (<i>p</i> ≤ 0.05) were observed in the blood of cows in the phytobiotic group. Lower levels of TNF-α, IL-1β and IL-6 and higher levels of IL-10 in the serum of cows that consumed the phytoactive (<i>p</i> = 0.01) reaffirm the anti-inflammatory effect of the additive. Lower levels of lipid peroxidation (TBARS) and reactive oxygen species (ROS) were observed in the serum of cows in the phytobiotic group. Greater catalase and superoxide dismutase activity was observed in cows that consumed the phytogenic (<i>p</i> < 0.01). Therefore, it can be concluded that the additive in question has antioxidant, immunological, and anti-inflammatory actions and has the potential to improve productive performance when corrected for milk fat.</p>","PeriodicalId":7955,"journal":{"name":"Animals","volume":"15 11","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.7,"publicationDate":"2025-05-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12153632/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144282038","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A Novel Postbiotic Reduces Canine Halitosis.","authors":"Aylesse Sordillo, Liza Casella, Raphaël Turcotte, Ravi U Sheth","doi":"10.3390/ani15111596","DOIUrl":"10.3390/ani15111596","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>A majority of dogs suffer from some form of periodontal disease. This frequently manifests as halitosis or oral malodor, caused by microbes underlying poor oral health. Pathogenic oral microbes process dietary or host proteins into volatile sulfur compounds (VSCs), which are perceived as malodorous and can further contribute to inflammation and periodontal disease progression. This double-blind, placebo-controlled, randomized clinical trial evaluated the ability of Superculture^® Pet Oral, a novel canine oral health postbiotic (COHP), to reduce canine oral malodor. In total, 24 dogs were stratified into two groups based on starting VSC levels. The groups received either COHP or a placebo as a powder topper for 14 days. VSC levels were measured via a Halimeter on Days 0, 7, and 14. Perceived malodor was also scored on the same days. COHP significantly decreased VSCs from baseline by Day 7 by 22% (<i>p</i> = 0.002). In the placebo group, VSCs increased over the course of the study. Throughout the study, COHP lowered VSC levels by 27% compared to the placebo (<i>p</i> = 0.004), and fully prevented an increase in VSCs compared to the baseline. Additionally, VSCs were correlated with the human perception of malodor, and twice as many dogs in the COHP group had perceptibly improved breath on Day 7 compared to the placebo, measured through a 10-point scaled survey. These findings validate the ability of this novel postbiotic to effectively reduce canine oral malodor and provide preliminary evidence that it may more broadly help to maintain canine oral health.</p>","PeriodicalId":7955,"journal":{"name":"Animals","volume":"15 11","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.7,"publicationDate":"2025-05-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12153626/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144282040","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Characterisation of the Gastrointestinal Microbiome of Green Sea Turtles (<i>Chelonia mydas</i>): A Systematic Review.","authors":"Dawood Ghafoor, Orachun Hayakijkosol, Carla Ewels, Robert Kinobe","doi":"10.3390/ani15111594","DOIUrl":"10.3390/ani15111594","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The gut microbiome of sea turtles is essential for their ecological resilience and adaptation to environmental stressors. We hypothesised that different gut microbial profiles existed between green sea turtles kept in captivity and those in the wild. The aim of this systematic review was to determine dominant bacterial phyla in the gut microbiomes of wild and captive green sea turtles. Comparison of the top four bacterial phyla revealed that Bacillota was the most abundant phylum in captive turtles (40.9-87.5%), but it only ranked second (3.5-57.8%) in wild turtles. Bacteroidota had comparable relative abundance in captive (8.7-45.6%) and wild (3.6-43.1%) populations. By contrast, the relative abundance of Pseudomonadota was higher in wild turtles (6.2-68.1%) compared to the captive population (0.1-6.6%). Verrucomicrobiota was less prevalent in wild and captive populations, with relative abundances ranging from 0.28 to 5.4% and 2.3 to 7.2%, respectively. These findings highlight a putative gut microbial shift between wild and captive green sea turtle populations. This shift may be shaped by variations in environmental factors in captivity or the wild. Nonetheless, the significance of these putative changes is still unknown; the potential to use microbial shifts to guide management, rehabilitation, and conservation of green sea turtles is promising, but remains limited.</p>","PeriodicalId":7955,"journal":{"name":"Animals","volume":"15 11","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.7,"publicationDate":"2025-05-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12153662/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144282056","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Economic Performance and Meat Quality Traits of Extensively Reared Beef Cattle in Greece.","authors":"Vasiliki Papanikolopoulou, Stella Dokou, Anestis Tsitsos, Stergios Priskas, Sotiria Vouraki, Angeliki Argyriadou, Georgios Arsenos","doi":"10.3390/ani15111601","DOIUrl":"10.3390/ani15111601","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Extensive cattle farming significantly contributes to Greece's agricultural economy. In such systems, animals mainly graze on natural grasslands whose biodiversity significantly affects meat quality traits. In Greece, the sector faces several economic challenges, while the literature investigating beef quality produced by these systems is scarce. Hence, this study aimed to (i) evaluate farms' economic performance; (ii) assess meat quality; and (iii) investigate the presence of heavy metals in liver samples of extensively reared beef cattle. The study involved three farms located in the Axios River Delta, a protected area of significant ecological importance in Northern Greece. A designated questionnaire was used to collect farm technical (herd size, meat production, grazing, feeding, reproduction, animal health) and economic data (income, variable costs). Meat samples of the <i>Longissimus dorsi</i> muscle (ninth rib) from 54 carcasses were collected and subjected to physicochemical (color, pH, texture, chemical composition, fatty acid profile) and microbiological analyses. Additionally, heavy metal analysis was conducted on 14 liver samples. A comparative analysis using parametric and non-parametric tests was performed to assess differences in meat quality traits between the 1st and 15th days of storage. The economic analysis showed that all studied farms operated with losses, with the average gross margin excluding subsidies being negative at EUR 130.5 ± 92.60/year per animal. Beef exhibited low fat content (1.1 ± 1.12%), with an average pH₂₄ value of 5.5 ± 0.36, respectively. The concentrations of polyunsaturated, monounsaturated, and saturated fatty acids were 2.7 ± 0.72%, 44.6 ± 4.71%, and 47.3 ± 4.91%, respectively. Over the 15-day storage period, the yellowness (b*) value (<i>p</i> < 0.01), hue angle (<i>p</i> < 0.001), cohesiveness (<i>p</i> < 0.01), and springiness (<i>p</i> < 0.01) significantly decreased, while the lightness (L*) value significantly increased (<i>p</i> < 0.01). The mean Total Mesophilic Viable Counts and Total Enterobacterales were 5.0 log₁₀ CFU/g and 2.34 log₁₀ CFU/g, respectively, while heavy metal concentrations in bovine livers were below the maximum limits set by the European Commission. The results suggest that, despite the financial losses observed, beef's improved color parameters during storage, along with other favorable quality traits, highlight the potential of extensive cattle farming to meet consumer demand and support value-added marketing.</p>","PeriodicalId":7955,"journal":{"name":"Animals","volume":"15 11","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.7,"publicationDate":"2025-05-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12153860/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144282110","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"People and Pets in the COVID-19 Pandemic and the Cost-of-Living Crisis: Identifying Trends in the Intake, Adoption and Return of Companion Animals During Times of Uncertainty.","authors":"Lindsay Murray, Janine Carroll, Jane Tyson","doi":"10.3390/ani15111584","DOIUrl":"10.3390/ani15111584","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Pet ownership is the most common form of human-animal interaction (HAI), is prevalent worldwide and confers benefits for the health and wellbeing of humans. Here, we examined a large set of anonymised data from the Royal Society for the Prevention of Cruelty to Animals (RSPCA) to identify trends in the intake, adoption and relinquishment of companion animals in England and Wales before and during times of uncertainty, namely, the COVID-19 pandemic and the cost-of-living crisis (COLC). We employed an interrupted time series (ITS) design which controls for pre-existing trends by comparing observed outcomes post-intervention with those expected if the intervention had not occurred. Nearly 200,000 animals were taken in by the RSPCA and over 140,000 animals were adopted or released over the four-year period from 2018 to 2022. When controlling for the brief closure of RSPCA sites, fewer dogs and cats were taken in and adopted during the pandemic compared to pre-pandemic, and the intake and adoption of animals were lower during the COLC than before. A downward trend in the return of animals was observed, and the principal reasons for return were problem behaviours, owner unpreparedness and a change in circumstances. Our ITS analysis also permitted forecast predictions to be made which could prove helpful to the RSPCA.</p>","PeriodicalId":7955,"journal":{"name":"Animals","volume":"15 11","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.7,"publicationDate":"2025-05-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12153778/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144282164","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The Spatial Dynamics of Japanese Sardine (<i>Sardinops sagax</i>) Fishing Grounds in the Northwest Pacific: A Geostatistical Approach.","authors":"Yongzheng Tang, Yuanting Gong, Heng Zhang, Guoqing Zhao, Fenghua Tang","doi":"10.3390/ani15111597","DOIUrl":"10.3390/ani15111597","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The Japanese sardine (<i>Sardinops sagax</i>), a key economic species in the Northwest Pacific Ocean (NWPO), has shown significant increases in both population abundance and catch volume over the past decade. To understand its spatiotemporal dynamics under climate change, this study analyzed light purse seine fishery data (2014-2021) from the NWPO. The results showed that the primary fishing season spans March to December, with peak catches concentrated in 40-43° N, 149-155° E. Annual catches grew steadily, accelerating notably in 2021. The fishing grounds' center shifted northeastward annually and seasonally (southwest-to-northeast trajectory), driven by directional aggregation. Spatial clustering with global positive autocorrelation was observed, weakening as distance thresholds increased. Resource hotspots migrated northeast, narrowing from 40-42° N (2016) to 42-44° N (2017-2021), while coldspots showed complementary fluctuations. Generalized additive model (GAM) analysis revealed that the catch per unit effort (CPUE) of Japanese sardine in the high seas of the NWPO was governed by temporal-spatial drivers and multivariate environmental determinants. Analytical findings substantiate the significant climate-driven impacts on the spatiotemporal distribution and population dynamics of Japanese sardine. The non-stationary interannual and seasonal patterns of fishing grounds highlight the need for adaptive management strategies.</p>","PeriodicalId":7955,"journal":{"name":"Animals","volume":"15 11","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.7,"publicationDate":"2025-05-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12153831/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144282218","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"How Happy Do These Animals Look? Exploring Factors Influencing Children's Perceptions of Animal Welfare at the Zoo.","authors":"María Ignacia Vera-Concha, Manuel Rojas, Daniel Cartes, Maria Camila Ceballos, Mari Carmen Villarroel, Martín Pérez, Vladimir Venegas, Cristóbal Briceño, Javiera Calderón-Amor, Daniela Luna","doi":"10.3390/ani15111595","DOIUrl":"10.3390/ani15111595","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Understanding how children and adolescents perceive zoo animal welfare provides insights into public views on captive conditions. This study used a mixed-methods approach to investigate these perceptions. A total of 254 participants (aged 7-18) were surveyed, with 113 completing the full circuit, which included species from distinct phylogenetic groups: monkey, macaw, caiman, frog, fish, and tarantula. Qualitative analysis (<i>n</i> = 254) evaluated children's recognition of animal needs, whereas quantitative analysis (<i>n</i> = 113) examined how phylogenetic distance, participants' emotional state, and overall welfare perception influenced animal and environmental assessments-a structured survey evaluating perceived animal health, enclosure conditions, and behavioral expression. Participants' understanding of animal welfare extended beyond basic needs, recognizing the importance of species-specific behaviors and appropriate environments. Environmental and animal assessment scores were significantly influenced by species, participants' emotional states, and overall welfare perceptions: fish received the highest scores, positive emotions were associated with higher ratings, and a better overall welfare perception correlated with more favorable assessments. We inferred that phylogenetic distance, emotional state, and general welfare impressions shaped how children and adolescents evaluate animal welfare. The study supported zoo-based educational strategies and reinforced the role of zoos in promoting welfare awareness and conservation-oriented attitudes.</p>","PeriodicalId":7955,"journal":{"name":"Animals","volume":"15 11","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.7,"publicationDate":"2025-05-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12153875/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144282102","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Antitumor Effect of Curcumin, D6 Turmeric, and Hydrochloride Mitoxantrone on Canine and Human Urothelial Cancer Cells.","authors":"Thayná Oliveira da Silva, Luís Gustavo Ramos de Moraes Calheiros, Felipe Barbosa, Fernanda Bueno Morrone, Liliana Rockenbach, Patrícia de Faria Lainetti, Antonio Fernando Leis Filho, Márcio de Carvalho, Carlos Eduardo Fonseca-Alves, Renée Laufer Amorim","doi":"10.3390/ani15111589","DOIUrl":"10.3390/ani15111589","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Bladder urothelial carcinoma (UC) is an aggressive malignancy in both humans and dogs, with limited treatment options. Owing to their biological and environmental similarities with humans, dogs serve as a valuable model for UC research. Standard treatments, including surgery, chemotherapy, and anti-inflammatory agents, have shown limited efficacy. Curcumin, a bioactive compound derived from turmeric, has demonstrated anticancer properties, but its potential in canine UC remains poorly understood. In this study, we evaluated the effects of curcumin, D6 turmeric, and mitoxantrone hydrochloride on canine and human UC cell lines. Cell viability was assessed via the MTT assay, apoptosis via flow cytometry, and gene expression (<i>β-catenin</i>, <i>β1-integrin</i>, <i>CDH1</i>, <i>MMP-2</i>, <i>MMP-9</i>, and <i>TIMP-2</i>) via quantitative PCR. Migration capacity was analyzed using a Transwell assay. Curcumin and D6 turmeric reduced cell viability and migration, while mitoxantrone hydrochloride exhibited strong cytotoxicity, especially in canine cells. Curcumin also induced apoptosis and modulated genes involved in epithelial-mesenchymal transition and invasion. The interindividual differences in response suggest underlying genetic variability and highlight the need for personalized therapeutic approaches. These findings suggest that curcumin and D6 turmeric hold promise as complementary therapies for canine UC, justifying further in vivo investigations.</p>","PeriodicalId":7955,"journal":{"name":"Animals","volume":"15 11","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.7,"publicationDate":"2025-05-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12153849/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144282048","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Diagnosis and Management of Chronic Nonbacterial Osteomyelitis in a Dog.","authors":"Young-Sun Jeong, Yun-Joo Geum, Hyun-Jung Han","doi":"10.3390/ani15111593","DOIUrl":"10.3390/ani15111593","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>This case presents the first documented successful medical management of chronic nonbacterial osteomyelitis (CNO) in a small dog-a condition rarely described in veterinary medicine. A 4-year-old castrated male Pomeranian dog weighing 4.6 kg was presented with a 3-week history of right hindlimb lameness. Radiographic examination revealed osteolytic lesions, periosteal reactions, and decreased muscle mass in the affected limb. Microbial and blood culture tests showed negative results, whereas cytological and histopathological analyses of the right distal femur confirmed neutrophilic inflammation and osteomyelitis, leading to a diagnosis of CNO. Clinical and radiographic improvements were observed following administration of bisphosphonates, disease-modifying anti-rheumatic drugs, and glucocorticoids. This case underscores the possibility of non-infectious osteomyelitis in dogs and suggests that adapting human treatment strategies may be beneficial. Further research is needed to clarify the diagnostic criteria and pathophysiology of CNO in veterinary medicine.</p>","PeriodicalId":7955,"journal":{"name":"Animals","volume":"15 11","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.7,"publicationDate":"2025-05-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12153622/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144282088","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}