Annals of General Psychiatry最新文献

{"title":"Approaches for difficult-to-induce-seizures electroconvulsive therapy cases (DEC): a Japanese expert consensus.","authors":"Yoshiteru Takekita, Taro Suwa, Kazuyuki Yasuda, Hirotsugu Kawashima, Wataru Omori, Naoki Kurimoto, Takashi Tsuboi, Takamasa Noda, Nobuatsu Aoki, Ken Wada, Ken Inada, Minoru Takebayash","doi":"10.1186/s12991-024-00543-9","DOIUrl":"10.1186/s12991-024-00543-9","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Seizure threshold increases with age and the frequency of electroconvulsive therapy (ECT). Therefore, therapeutic seizures can be difficult to induce, even at maximum stimulus charge with available ECT devices. Such cases are known as difficult-to-induce-seizures electroconvulsive therapy cases (DECs). However, no clinical guidelines exist for DECs; thus, clinicians often face difficulties determining treatment strategies. This study aimed to obtain a consensus among clinical experts regarding the treatment of DECs.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>We asked Japanese ECT experts to rate 14 approaches under six conditions of DECs on a 9-point Likert scale (1 = \"disagree\" to 9 = \"agree\"). Based on responses from 195 experts, the approaches were classified as first-line (95% confidence interval mean ≥ 6.5), second-line (mean, 3.5-6.5), or third-line strategies (mean < 3.5). Approaches rated 9 points by at least 50% of the respondents were considered \"treatments of choice.\"</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>To avoid difficult seizure induction, dose reduction of benzodiazepine receptor agonist (BZRA) (8.33 ± 1.25), dose reduction or discontinuation of antiepileptic drugs (AEDs) or other drugs that may make seizure induction difficult (8.16 ± 1.18), and ensure hyperventilation (7.95 ± 1.47) were classified as treatments of choice. First-line treatment strategies were BRZA discontinuation (7.89 ± 1.45), stimulation timing adjustment (7.00 ± 2.00), and anesthetic dose reduction (6.93 ± 1.94). Dose reduction or discontinuation of AEDs or other drugs that might make seizure induction difficult and ensure hyperventilation were the treatments of choice across all patient conditions. The results of rating approaches for patients with mood disorders and schizophrenia were similar, with differences observed among the approaches for patients with catatonia, high risk of cognitive impairment, and cardiovascular events.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>ECT expert recommendations are useful and can assist in clinical decision-making. Our results suggest that while some strategies are applicable across all conditions, others should be tailored to meet the specific needs of patients. These recommendations should be further evaluated in future clinical studies.</p>","PeriodicalId":7942,"journal":{"name":"Annals of General Psychiatry","volume":"24 1","pages":"2"},"PeriodicalIF":3.6,"publicationDate":"2025-01-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11727425/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142969508","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Bilingual side effect: a case of foreign language syndrome following chlorpromazine-induced neuroleptic malignant syndrome.","authors":"Sanja Andric Petrovic, Nadja P Maric","doi":"10.1186/s12991-024-00538-6","DOIUrl":"10.1186/s12991-024-00538-6","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Foreign language syndrome is a rare neuropsychiatric phenomenon typically following general anesthesia. To date, foreign language syndrome has not been associated with neuroleptic malignant syndrome (NMS) in the literature. This case aims to broaden the clinical understanding of NMS by presenting an atypical manifestation of foreign language syndrome and emphasizing the need for prompt recognition of such presentations for accurate diagnosis and management.</p><p><strong>Case presentation: </strong>A 34-year-old Caucasian male with a history of schizoaffective disorder and recurrent psychiatric hospitalizations was admitted for a depressive episode. His condition worsened hours after the administration of intramuscular chlorpromazine, leading to NMS characterized by agitation, muscle rigidity, hyperthermia, autonomic instability, abnormal laboratory findings, and altered mental status, including foreign language syndrome. Management included the discontinuation of the prior psychopharmacotherapy, intravenous hydration, and medications (biperiden, lorazepam). The patient showed significant improvement, with resolution of NMS symptoms and normalized sleep patterns by the time of discharge.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Foreign language syndrome is an exceptionally rare occurrence, with only nine documented cases to date, all involving male patients. This case presents a novel instance of foreign language syndrome in the context of NMS in a male patient, providing insight into the potential sex-specific mechanisms underlying this rare phenomenon. This case adds valuable evidence to the understanding of the clinical spectrum of NMS and highlights the importance of recognizing atypical presentations in managing patients with neuropsychiatric conditions.</p>","PeriodicalId":7942,"journal":{"name":"Annals of General Psychiatry","volume":"24 1","pages":"1"},"PeriodicalIF":3.6,"publicationDate":"2025-01-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11697761/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142920599","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Effectiveness of a social cognition remediation intervention for patients with schizophrenia: a randomized-controlled study.","authors":"Luigi Giuliani, Pasquale Pezzella, Armida Mucci, Davide Palumbo, Edoardo Caporusso, Giuseppe Piegari, Giulia Maria Giordano, Pietro Blasio, Claudio Mencacci, Sara Torriero, Silvana Galderisi","doi":"10.1186/s12991-024-00535-9","DOIUrl":"10.1186/s12991-024-00535-9","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>This randomized-controlled study evaluates the effectiveness of a newly developed social cognition rehabilitation intervention, the modified Social Cognition Individualized Activity Lab (mSoCIAL), in improving social cognition and clinical and functional outcomes of persons with schizophrenia recruited in two Italian sites: University of Campania \"Luigi Vanvitelli\" in Naples and ASST Fatebenefratelli-Sacco in Milan. mSoCIAL consists of a social cognitive training module focusing on different domains of social cognition and of a narrative enhancement module. We assessed changes in social cognition, clinical characteristics and functional variables in patients with schizophrenia who participated in 10 weekly sessions of mSoCIAL or received treatment as usual (TAU). A paired-sample t test and a repeated-measures MANOVA were used to investigate respectively within and between-group differences. Twenty people with schizophrenia were blindly assigned to mSoCIAL and 20 to TAU. After 10 weeks, mSoCIAL significantly improved disorganization, emotion recognition, functional capacity and real-life functioning. As compared to TAU, the mSoCIAL group showed a significant improvement in minimal and enriched social inference domain of theory of mind, and in key domains of real-life functioning (interpersonal relationships, everyday life skills, and work skills). mSoCIAL improved social cognition and real-life functioning of people with schizophrenia. These results highlight the importance of social cognition deficit treatment in schizophrenia and the necessity for these interventions to be multifaced and personalized. Such an approach ensures that improvements in social cognition translate into enhanced functional outcomes.Trial registration NCT05130853, registered on 24 November 2021.</p>","PeriodicalId":7942,"journal":{"name":"Annals of General Psychiatry","volume":"23 1","pages":"52"},"PeriodicalIF":3.6,"publicationDate":"2024-12-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11682650/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142891365","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Can dissociative amnesia be a residual symptom of prolonged complex post-traumatic stress disorder?","authors":"İzzet Çağrı Metin, Selman Yıldırım, Aykut Karahan","doi":"10.1186/s12991-024-00536-8","DOIUrl":"10.1186/s12991-024-00536-8","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Dissociative amnesia, a disorder characterized by impairments in multiple memory areas, is frequently associated with trauma. Complex post-traumatic stress disorder (CPTSD) is marked by mood dysregulation, negative self-concept, and impaired interpersonal relationships, in addition to the classic symptoms of post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD). The relationship between CPTSD and dissociative amnesia, as well as whether CPTSD should be considered a dissociative subtype, remains uncertain in the literature. Individuals diagnosed with CPTSD tend to exhibit higher levels of dissociative symptoms than those diagnosed with PTSD.</p><p><strong>Clinical presentation: </strong>We present the clinical report of a 42-year-old male who, after a car accident, exhibited core symptoms of PTSD along with symptoms of self-organization disorders. While these symptoms persisted, the patient developed dissociative amnesia years after the trauma. Neuroimaging studies, psychometric tests, reviewed hospital records, and clinical interviews were conducted to speculate on the differential diagnosis of organic psychiatric conditions and potential diagnoses. The possible relationship between dissociative amnesia and complex post-traumatic stress disorder was examined.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>This case demonstrates the complexity of differentiating dissociative amnesia from organic conditions. Discussing the possible shared mechanisms between CPTSD and dissociative amnesia could contribute to a better understanding of both conditions.</p>","PeriodicalId":7942,"journal":{"name":"Annals of General Psychiatry","volume":"23 1","pages":"51"},"PeriodicalIF":3.6,"publicationDate":"2024-12-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11660661/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142863144","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Mood instability and risk of gastrointestinal diseases - a univariable and multivariable mendelian randomization study.","authors":"Rui-Lin Liu, Qing-Chun Song, Li-Ming Liu, Yi-Feng Yang, Wei-Hong Zhu","doi":"10.1186/s12991-024-00537-7","DOIUrl":"10.1186/s12991-024-00537-7","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Mood instability, characterized by sudden and unpredictable mood shifts, is prevalent in psychiatric disorders and as a personality trait. Its association with gastrointestinal diseases has been recognized but remains poorly understood in terms of causality.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>This study aims to investigate the causal relationship between mood instability and a spectrum of gastrointestinal diseases by univariable and multivariable mendelian randomization analysis. The exposure and outcome data were retrieved from the IEU open GWAS database, the UK biobank and the FinnGen study. Instrumental variables were selected to meet relevance, independence, and exclusion restriction criteria. GWAS datasets for mood instability and 28 gastrointestinal diseases were utilized, incorporating diverse populations and genders. Univariable and multivariable Mendelian randomization analyses were conducted using R software. MR statistics from different datasets for the same disease were meta-analyzed to maximize the study population.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>In univariable MR analysis, genetic predisposition to mood instability showed significant associations with increased risk for several gastrointestinal diseases, including: gastroesophageal reflux disease, gastric ulcer, acute gastritis, irritable bowel syndrome, internal hemorrhoids, cirrhosis, cholecystitis, cholelithiasis, acute pancreatitis, chronic pancreatitis. In multivariable MR analysis, after adjusting for major depression, bipolar disorder, anxiety disorder, and schizophrenia, associations with the following gastrointestinal diseases remained statistically significant: internal hemorrhoids, cirrhosis, acute pancreatitis, chronic pancreatitis.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>This study provides compelling evidence for a potential causal relationship between mood instability and certain gastrointestinal diseases underscoring the importance of considering mood instability as a potential risk factor for gastrointestinal diseases as well as the positive role of maintaining mood stability in the prevention of gastrointestinal disorders.</p>","PeriodicalId":7942,"journal":{"name":"Annals of General Psychiatry","volume":"23 1","pages":"50"},"PeriodicalIF":3.6,"publicationDate":"2024-12-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11660901/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142863146","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Study protocol and preliminary baseline characteristics of a VA multi-site, mixed methods, randomized controlled study evaluating supported employment provided to veterans with opioid use disorder.","authors":"Mercy Mumba, Teresa Granger, George Mugoya, Stephen Brackett, Junfei Lu, Emily Lund, Charles Lynn, Anchal Ghera, Whitney Gay, Lori Davis","doi":"10.1186/s12991-024-00533-x","DOIUrl":"10.1186/s12991-024-00533-x","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Opioid Use Disorder (OUD) is a pervasive and devastating public health crisis that continues to take a heavy toll on individuals and communities across the United States. In 2021, approximately 473,000 veterans misused opioids in the past year. In the context of their military service and post-service life, Veterans with OUD often encounter unique barriers to recovery, including the reintegration into civilian society and the pursuit of stable, meaningful employment. The path to recovery from OUD is inextricably linked to the restoration of a stable and purposeful life, a fact underscored by the interplay of substance use, mental health, and employment outcomes. These factors necessitate a comprehensive approach to treatment that extends beyond mere pharmacological interventions. One such approach is Individual Placement and Support (IPS), a well-established evidence-based practice that focuses on supporting individuals with severe mental illness in their pursuit of competitive employment. The primary objective of this manuscript is to describe a two-arm, multi-site RCT designed to rigorously evaluate the efficacy of IPS when provided to veterans with OUD and provide the baseline demographics and characteristics of the participants who have enrolled to date. The central hypothesis guiding this research is that IPS can significantly improve vocational, psychosocial, and treatment outcomes of veterans in recovery from OUD, ultimately leading to a more successful reintegration into civilian life. Our study is timely as the VA has expanded IPS services to veterans with SUD this past year. Thus, this study is one of the first to examine IPS in a subpopulation of veterans with a SUD and may provide actionable data to support sustainment of IPS with this population.</p>","PeriodicalId":7942,"journal":{"name":"Annals of General Psychiatry","volume":"23 1","pages":"49"},"PeriodicalIF":3.6,"publicationDate":"2024-12-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11658381/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142852218","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Prediction of non-suicidal self-injury (NSSI) among rural Chinese junior high school students: a machine learning approach.","authors":"Zhongliang Jiang, Yonghua Cui, Hui Xu, Cody Abbey, Wenjian Xu, Weitong Guo, Dongdong Zhang, Jintong Liu, Jingwen Jin, Ying Li","doi":"10.1186/s12991-024-00534-w","DOIUrl":"10.1186/s12991-024-00534-w","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Aims: </strong>Non-suicidal self-injury (NSSI) is a serious issue that is increasingly prevalent among children and adolescents, especially in rural areas. Developing a suitable predictive model for NSSI is crucial for early identification and intervention.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>This study included 2090 Chinese rural children and adolescents. Participants' sociodemographic information, symptoms of anxiety as well as depression, personality traits, family environment and NSSI behaviors were collected through a questionnaire survey. Gender, age, grade, and all survey results except sociodemographic information were used as relevant factors for prediction. Support vector machines, decision tree and random forest models were trained and validated by the train set and valid set, respectively. The metrics of each model were tested and compared to select the most suitable one. Furthermore, the mean decrease Gini index was calculated to measure the importance of relevant factors.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The prevalence of NSSI was 38.3%. Out of the 6 models assessed, the random forest model demonstrated the highest suitability in predicting the prevalence of NSSI. It achieved sensitivity, specificity, AUC, accuracy, precision, and F1 scores of 0.65, 0.72, 0.76, 0.70, 0.57, and 0.61, respectively. Anxiety and depression were the top two contributing factors in the prediction model. Neuroticism and conflict were the factors that contributed the most to personality traits and family environment, respectively, in terms of prediction. In addition, demographic factors contributed little to the prediction in this study.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>This study focused on Chinese children and adolescents in rural areas and demonstrated the potential of using machine learning approaches in predicting NSSI. Our research complements the application of machine learning methods to psychiatric and psychological problems.</p>","PeriodicalId":7942,"journal":{"name":"Annals of General Psychiatry","volume":"23 1","pages":"48"},"PeriodicalIF":3.6,"publicationDate":"2024-12-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11622475/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142791039","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Psychotropic drug-induced adverse drug reactions in 462,661 psychiatric inpatients in relation to age: results from a German drug surveillance program from 1993-2016.","authors":"Johanna Seifert, Matthias A Reinhard, Stefan Bleich, Andreas Erfurth, Waldemar Greil, Sermin Toto, Renate Grohmann, Catherine Glocker","doi":"10.1186/s12991-024-00530-0","DOIUrl":"10.1186/s12991-024-00530-0","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Clinical practice suggests that older adults (i.e., ≥ 65 years of age) experience adverse drug reactions (ADRs) more often than younger patients (i.e., < 65 years of age). ADRs such as falls, extrapyramidal symptoms (EPS), metabolic disorders, sedation, and delirium are particularly worrisome and often associated with psychotropic drugs.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>This observational study investigated the risk for psychotropic drug-related ADRs in older (n = 99,099) and younger adults (n = 363,562) in psychiatric inpatients using data from the German pharmacovigilance program \"Arzneimittelsicherheit in der Psychiatrie\" (AMSP) from 1993-2016. The aim was to assess whether age influenced the risk of specific ADR types and if certain psychotropic drugs posed particular concerns.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The risk for ADRs did not differ between older and younger patients (relative risk 0.98, 95% confidence interval 0.92-1.05). However, older patients had a higher risk for delirium (2.35, 1.85-2.99), hyponatremia (3.74, 2.85-4.90), and orthostatic syncope (2.37, 1.72-3.26), as well as certain types of EPS, e.g., parkinsonism (1.89, 1.45-2.48) and Pisa-/metronome syndrome (3.61, 2.51-5.18). The risk for other ADRs, such as acute dystonia (0.20, 0.10-0.37), akathisia (0.47, 0.29-0.76), liver dysfunction (0.63, 0.48-0.82), weight gain (0.07, 0.04-0.14), sexual dysfunction (0.03, CI 0.00-0.25), and hyperprolactinemia/galactorrhea (0.05, 0.02-0.17) was significantly lower for older patients. Older patients treated with any type of antidepressant drug (1.33, 1.26-1.40)-especially selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors (1.57, 1.26-1.40) and selective serotonin-norepinephrine reuptake inhibitors (2.03, 1.80-2.29)-and lithium (1.74, 1.52-2.00) had a higher ADR risk than younger patients. Second-generation antipsychotic drugs had a lower (0.74, 0.71-0.77) and low-potency first-generation antipsychotic drugs a higher (1.19, 1.07-1.33) ADR risk in older patients. The risk for ADRs involving multiple drugs was higher in older patients (1.28, 1.22-1.34). ADRs in older patients were 6.4 times more likely to result in death.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Clinicians and pharmacists should be aware of the types of ADRs and high-risk drugs across age groups and provide appropriate monitoring. Pharmacovigilance is crucial in psychiatric patients of all ages and should not be neglected, even for drugs generally considered \"safe\".</p>","PeriodicalId":7942,"journal":{"name":"Annals of General Psychiatry","volume":"23 1","pages":"47"},"PeriodicalIF":3.6,"publicationDate":"2024-11-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11575432/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142666938","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Clinical patterns of metabolic syndrome in young, clinically stable, olanzapine-exposed patients with schizophrenia.","authors":"Jun Ma, Lin Zhang, Zhengyuan Huang, Gaohua Wang","doi":"10.1186/s12991-024-00532-y","DOIUrl":"10.1186/s12991-024-00532-y","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Schizophrenia (SCZ) is a chronic, disabling mental illness with a high disease burden and is often comorbid with metabolic syndrome (MetS). The aim of this study was to determine the prevalence of MetS in young, clinically stable, olanzapine-exposed patients with SCZ and to explore predictive factors affecting the development and severity of MetS.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>A total of 274 patients with SCZ who met the inclusion criteria were enrolled in this study, and their demographic data and general clinical information were collected. Concurrently, patients were assessed for psychopathology, illness severity, and antipsychotic drug-related adverse effects.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The prevalence of MetS in the target population was 35.77%, and the MetS subtype of abdominal obesity + high triglycerides + low level of high-density lipoprotein cholesterol accounted for the majority of patients in the MetS subgroup. Binary logistic regression showed that body mass index (BMI), uric acid (UA), thyroid-stimulating hormone, and QT-c interval could significantly and positively predict the development of MetS. Multiple linear regression showed that olanzapine concentration, BMI, and UA could significantly and positively predict higher MetS scores.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>This study reports the clinical patterns of MetS in young, clinically stable, olanzapine-exposed patients with SCZ and identifies the correlations influencing the development and severity of MetS. These findings could potentially be applied toward the prevention of and intervention in MetS.</p>","PeriodicalId":7942,"journal":{"name":"Annals of General Psychiatry","volume":"23 1","pages":"46"},"PeriodicalIF":3.6,"publicationDate":"2024-11-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11562516/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142612285","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Glucagon-like peptide-1 receptor agonists (GLP-1RAs) as treatment for nicotine cessation in psychiatric populations: a systematic review.","authors":"Serene Lee, Maggie Li, Gia Han Le, Kayla M Teopiz, Maj Vinberg, Roger Ho, Hezekiah C T Au, Sabrina Wong, Kyle Valentino, Angela T H Kwan, Joshua D Rosenblat, Roger S McIntyre","doi":"10.1186/s12991-024-00527-9","DOIUrl":"10.1186/s12991-024-00527-9","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Nicotine use and nicotine use disorder (NUD) are the leading causes of preventable death in the United States. Persons with mental disorders  (e.g., bipolar disorder) are differentially susceptible to nicotine use. Glucagon-like peptide-1 receptor agonists (GLP-1RAs) are indicated for type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) and obesity and show preliminary evidence of efficacy in addiction-related behaviours. Herein, we synthesize extant preclinical and clinical evidence evaluating the effect of GLP-1RAs on neurobiological systems and behaviours salient to nicotine consumption and cessation.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Online databases (MedLine, Embase, AMED, PsychINFO, JBI EBP Database, PubMed, Web of Science, Google Scholar) were searched from inception to May 21, 2024. Relevant studies were also extracted from the reference lists of the obtained articles. All articles were screened against inclusion and exclusion criteria.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Administration of GLP-1RAs reduced nicotine self-administration and nicotine-seeking behaviour in animal models that, in some cases, is sustained beyond exposure to the agent. GLP-1RAs also mitigated post-nicotine cessation weight gain, craving, withdrawal, and hyperphagia. The preceding effects are attributable to modulation of reward-related brain regions (e.g., mesolimbic dopamine system), resulting in nicotine aversion. GLP-1RAs were also efficacious as adjunctive therapies [e.g., in combination with nicotine replacement therapies (NRTs)].</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>The multi-effect characteristics in NUD paradigms provide a compelling rationale for large, adequately powered, long-term, randomized controlled trials of GLP-1RAs in the treatment and prevention of NUD. The replicated effect on mitigating post-nicotine cessation weight gain is a differentiating feature of GLP-1RAs from extant proven therapies for NUD.</p>","PeriodicalId":7942,"journal":{"name":"Annals of General Psychiatry","volume":"23 1","pages":"45"},"PeriodicalIF":3.6,"publicationDate":"2024-11-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11552190/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142612291","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}