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A physiological profile of elite surf ironmen, full time lifeguards & patrolling surf life savers. 精英冲浪铁人，全职救生员和巡逻冲浪救生员的生理特征。

Australian journal of science and medicine in sport Pub Date : 1996-09-01

J P Gulbin, J W Fell, P T Gaffney

{"title":"A physiological profile of elite surf ironmen, full time lifeguards & patrolling surf life savers.","authors":"J P Gulbin, J W Fell, P T Gaffney","doi":"","DOIUrl":"","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The physiological profiles and proficiency of 32 volunteer surf life savers (LS), 15 professional lifeguards (LG), and 8 elite surf ironmen (IM) aged from 18 to 44 were compared. Measurements included anthropometry, muscular power, muscular strength-endurance, flexibility, VO2max, maximum heart rate, peak blood lactate response and proficiency in 3 rescue simulations. Both LG and IM were significantly faster than LS in all rescue simulations. IM had significantly greater VO2max (68.6 ml.kg-1.min-1) than LS (56.3) and LG (57.9). IM had significantly lower heart rates than LS after maximal swimming and running, and significantly lower blood lactate 3 minutes post swim (8.4 mmol/L) in comparison with LS (14.0) and LG (12.2). LG obtained better results than LS in 2 of the 3 muscular strength-endurance tasks. It is concluded that: LG and IM are significantly faster in aquatic rescue simulations than LS; IM have greater aerobic capacities than both other groups; the majority of Australian LS have adequate fitness and aquatic skills for surf rescue, although a small subset of LS do not. This group of poorly performing LS are not identified by current surf rescue screening procedures.</p>","PeriodicalId":79393,"journal":{"name":"Australian journal of science and medicine in sport","volume":"28 3","pages":"86-90"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1996-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"19901534","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Golf-related injuries seen at hospital emergency departments. 医院急诊科看到的高尔夫相关伤害。

Australian journal of science and medicine in sport Pub Date : 1996-06-01

J Wilks, D Jones

引用次数: 0

Stability of human proportions through adolescent growth. 通过青春期的成长来实现人体比例的稳定。

Australian journal of science and medicine in sport Pub Date : 1996-06-01

T R Ackland, J Bloomfield

{"title":"Stability of human proportions through adolescent growth.","authors":"T R Ackland, J Bloomfield","doi":"","DOIUrl":"","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Male and female subjects (n = 125) were measured on a battery of anthropometric tests every six months for a period of five years. Using maturity status as the temporal component (pubescent assessment stages one through five), proportionality characteristics of subjects were monitored as they matured toward the adult form. Subjects were assigned to one of the Hi, Mid and Lo sub-groups based on their score at PA stage one for each of 15 proportionality characteristics. Subsequently, those in the Mid group were removed from the analysis, while male and female subjects were pooled for the final ANOVA model. The results showed that a number of variables remained stable from PA stages one through five. That is, differences between the Hi and Lo groups were maintained throughout maturation. Predominantly, these included the proportional body segment breadth measures. Proportionality characteristics of the upper limbs appeared to stabilise from mid-adolescence. However, those related to the lower limb were not stable. In other words, a significant difference for the lower limb variables at PA stage one was not maintained through stages four and five. The results raised some doubts as to the suitability of using lower limb proportions as selection criteria in talent identification programs.</p>","PeriodicalId":79393,"journal":{"name":"Australian journal of science and medicine in sport","volume":"28 2","pages":"57-60"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1996-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"19804891","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

The calibration of gas volume measuring devices at continuous and pulsatile flows. 连续和脉动流量下气体体积测量装置的校准。

Australian journal of science and medicine in sport Pub Date : 1996-06-01

J D Hart, R T Withers

引用次数: 0

Kinaesthetic sensitivity of adolescent male and female athletes and non-athletes. 青少年男女运动员和非运动员的动觉敏感性。

Australian journal of science and medicine in sport Pub Date : 1996-06-01

M L Freeman, P Broderick

引用次数: 0

Injury surveillance at a national multi-sport event. 一项全国性多项体育赛事的伤病监测。

Australian journal of science and medicine in sport Pub Date : 1996-06-01

C Cunningham, S Cunningham

{"title":"Injury surveillance at a national multi-sport event.","authors":"C Cunningham, S Cunningham","doi":"","DOIUrl":"","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The 1994 Australian Universities Games represents a multi-sport event which featured 5106 participants competing in nineteen sports. Injury surveillance was conducted by means of the injury Surveillance Form, which recorded time, mechanism, site, type and severity of injury, as well as initial treatment and referral patterns. Over six days of competition, 1177 presentations with injury were recorded, sustained by 994 athletes or 19.5% of all participating athletes. Tae kwon do and hockey were the sports with the greatest incidence of injury. Haematomas, muscle strains and ligament sprains were the most common injuries, with contact and overuse the most common mechanisms of injury. Mild injuries dominated and severe injuries were uncommon. 75% of injuries were initially assessed and treated by a nurse, first aid officer or sports trainer; 15% by a physiotherapist and 10% by a doctor. The authors' recommendation is that such a team of medical staff should be an integral part of any large sporting event, whether participants are professionals or amateurs. Additionally, they need to be supported by facilities and services such as central clinics, a nearby x-ray centre, a nearby hospital and an ambulance/first aid transport network.</p>","PeriodicalId":79393,"journal":{"name":"Australian journal of science and medicine in sport","volume":"28 2","pages":"50-6"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1996-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"19804890","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Notational analysis on game strategy used by the world's top male squash players in international competition. 世界顶尖男子壁球运动员在国际比赛中比赛策略的符号分析。

Australian journal of science and medicine in sport Pub Date : 1996-03-01

Y Hong, P D Robinson, W K Chan, C R Clark, T Choi

{"title":"Notational analysis on game strategy used by the world's top male squash players in international competition.","authors":"Y Hong, P D Robinson, W K Chan, C R Clark, T Choi","doi":"","DOIUrl":"","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The purpose of this study was to provide a profile of the competition strategy used by the world's top squash players at the international level and provide recommendations for other players to improve their playing strategy. A total of 10 matches including three in round one, the four quarter finals, the two semi-finals, and the final of the 1993 Hong Kong Squash Open were filmed using a 3-CDD video camera. The tournament was played under the North American scoring system. Notational analysis which is based on frame by frame video analysis was used to categorize a player's motion. The frequency of each stroke, and the success or failure rate of each stroke were recorded. Shots were classified as \"effective\", \"ineffective\", \"winning\" and \"losing\" shots and the analysis demonstrated that 70.28% were \"effective\", 19.86% were \"ineffective\", 5.37% were \"winning\" and 4.48% were \"losing\" shots. The mean number of shots per game was 252.09. The order of priority using different kinds of strokes in matches were as follows: drive (length) (60.79%), drop (17.91%), volley (11.79%), boast (4.80%), and lob (4.72%). The results of this study show that the \"pressure and attack game\" was the most important strategy for the world's top squash players in producing winning performances. Also identified are the strokes and the strategies which should be practiced to improve performance. This method of notational analysis can be utilized to evaluate the strengths and weaknesses of players at all levels of competition.</p>","PeriodicalId":79393,"journal":{"name":"Australian journal of science and medicine in sport","volume":"28 1","pages":"18-23"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1996-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"19715835","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Attributions for recovery and adherence to sport injury rehabilitation. 归因恢复和坚持运动损伤康复。

Australian journal of science and medicine in sport Pub Date : 1996-03-01

W J Laubach, B W Brewer, J L Van Raalte, A J Petitpas

引用次数: 0

A comparison of the injuries sustained by female basketball and netball players. 女子篮球运动员和无挡板篮球运动员受伤情况的比较。

Australian journal of science and medicine in sport Pub Date : 1996-03-01

G D McKay, W R Payne, P A Goldie, B W Oakes, J J Stanley

{"title":"A comparison of the injuries sustained by female basketball and netball players.","authors":"G D McKay, W R Payne, P A Goldie, B W Oakes, J J Stanley","doi":"","DOIUrl":"","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>A prospective and reliable method of injury surveillance was implemented to document a comprehensive injury profile in female basketball and netball. The study further aimed to compare the injury profiles of the two sports. Trained observers viewed basketball and netball games, noting the occurrence of injuries. Injuries were confirmed by questioning all players on site after the game. Injured players completed a questionnaire and the progress of their injury was monitored by telephone interview. A total of 16,162 player participations were observed; 6,972 for basketball and 9,190 for netball. Comparable injury rates were observed for female basketball and netball players; 18.22 and 17.30 injuries per 1,000 participations, respectively. The ankle, hand and knee were the body parts injured most frequently in both sports, whilst head and neck injuries were prevalent in basketball only. Netball players sustained severe injuries at a rate 3.3 times that of female basketball players. The major and severe injuries occurred at an average of one injury in 625 games in female basketball and one in 250 games in netball. The ankle, knee and calf/shin were the body parts most frequently involved in the more serious injuries.</p>","PeriodicalId":79393,"journal":{"name":"Australian journal of science and medicine in sport","volume":"28 1","pages":"12-7"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1996-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"19715834","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

An injury profile of elite ironman competitors. 精英铁人选手的伤病档案。

Australian journal of science and medicine in sport Pub Date : 1996-03-01

L J Pen, R S Barrett, R J Neal, J R Steele

{"title":"An injury profile of elite ironman competitors.","authors":"L J Pen, R S Barrett, R J Neal, J R Steele","doi":"","DOIUrl":"","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>An injury questionnaire was administered to the 30 elite ironman competitors (mean age = 25.7 +/- 4.6 yrs) participating in a commercially sponsored seven race national series. Responses provided retrospective data from the preceding three years indicating the type, location, frequency, cause and severity of injuries sustained by ironmen, and associated these injuries with particular race components (run, swim, board, ski). Twenty self-reported questionnaires were returned for analysis that described a total of 67 injuries incurred by 19 subjects. Results indicated the following: (i) the most frequently injured body parts were the knee (n = 18) and shoulder (n = 14) with the lower extremity accounting for 55% of all injuries reported; (ii) knee, shin and calf injuries had a significant association with the run component and upper extremity injuries had a significant association with the swim component; (iii) running was perceived to be the most injurious race component in terms of the frequency and severity of injury; (iv) overtraining was perceived to be the main cause of injury; (v) tendinitis was perceived to be the main type of injury; (vi) athletes adjusted their training mode to accommodate injury so that total training volume could be maintained; and (vii) injury did not result in withdrawal from competition. Further research investigating the techniques used in the ironman event and their relationship to injury is recommended.</p>","PeriodicalId":79393,"journal":{"name":"Australian journal of science and medicine in sport","volume":"28 1","pages":"7-11"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1996-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"19715833","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

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