Australian journal of science and medicine in sport最新文献_第7页

Gastrointestinal blood loss in triathletes: it's etiology and relationship to sports anaemia. 铁人三项运动员胃肠出血:病因及与运动性贫血的关系。

Australian journal of science and medicine in sport Pub Date : 1995-03-01

S J Rudzki, H Hazard, D Collinson

{"title":"Gastrointestinal blood loss in triathletes: it's etiology and relationship to sports anaemia.","authors":"S J Rudzki, H Hazard, D Collinson","doi":"","DOIUrl":"","url":null,"abstract":"Twenty male triathletes (R 18-39 mean = 27.5 yrs) provided blood and faecal samples during intense training, pre-race taper and post-competition. All answered a closed-end questionnaire on intake of aspirin, NSAIDS, Vitamin C, iron and red meat. History of GIT blood loss and training distances were also obtained. Blood samples were taken on three occasions and analysed for Haemoglobin(Hb) and Serum Ferritin concentrations. Faecal specimens were collected on five occasions and assessed for blood loss using Haemoccult II and Monohaem (a monoclonal antibody test specific for human haemoglobin). Mean Hb and 95% confidence intervals at the three stages were 14.53gm/l (13.95-15.10), 14.9gm/l (14.46-15.34), 14.57gm/l (14.18-14.97) respectively. There was a small, but statistically significant, increase in Hb during the pre-race taper period (paired t = 2.65, p < 0.05), and a non-significant drop in Hb post-event (paired t = 1.89, p = 0.075). Mean ferritin, MCV and haematocrit values did not significantly change. Eighty percent of the group exhibited faecal blood loss on one or more of the tests used. There were significant increases in both Haemoccult (chi 2 = 5.44, p < 0.04) and Monohaem (chi 2 = 7.36 p < 0.02). Regression analysis demonstrated a significant relationship between training Hb and total training intensity (R = -0.61, F1,l5 = 8.98, p < 0.009) and training run intensity (R = -0.55, F1,l5 = 6.17, p < 0.026), as estimated using Coopers aerobic points system. These results confirm that GIT blood loss is common in endurance athletes, and appears to be related to exercise intensity. The possible mechanisms of blood loss are discussed.","PeriodicalId":79393,"journal":{"name":"Australian journal of science and medicine in sport","volume":"27 1","pages":"3-8"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1995-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"18780852","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Reply by Rushall and King to replies to their AJSMS (1994) article. Rushall和King对AJSMS(1994)文章的回复。

Australian journal of science and medicine in sport Pub Date : 1994-09-01

B S Rushall, H A King

引用次数: 0

Low-power lasers in medicine. A report by the Australian Health Technology Advisory Committee (AHTAC) June 1994. 医学中的低功率激光器。澳大利亚卫生技术咨询委员会1994年6月的报告。

Australian journal of science and medicine in sport Pub Date : 1994-09-01

引用次数: 0

Injury profile of amateur Australian rules footballers. 业余澳式足球运动员的伤情分析。

Australian journal of science and medicine in sport Pub Date : 1994-09-01

A Shawdon, P Brukner

{"title":"Injury profile of amateur Australian rules footballers.","authors":"A Shawdon, P Brukner","doi":"","DOIUrl":"","url":null,"abstract":"Australian Rules Football is played by numerous young Australians throughout winter each year. There have been a number of studies on professional and semi-professional footballers, establishing the nature and frequency of injuries within this football code. Medical cover of an amateur football club over the 1993 season allowed detailed recording of injuries over this period. The data collected revealed a markedly different injury profile to that seen previously. The injury rate in this study was 96 per 1000 player hours. The most common injury was concussion (15%), with hand fractures next most frequent (13.5%). The lower limb was the most common site of injury, with head and neck second and upper limb third. Injuries with an overuse component were seen less commonly in the amateur group while traumatic injuries were more frequent. The time allocated by amateur footballers to their sport is less than professional players, quite aside from the difference in skill level attained. Overuse injuries may be correspondingly much less frequent on a time basis alone. The increased incidence of traumatic injuries is postulated to be a manifestation of both less well developed skills and possibly less available and effective preventative measures such as ankle strapping and tape supplies. Considering the large number of young people playing amateur football and the significant time and cost of what are often relatively minor injuries, more work is required to establish what injuries are most common, and importantly, what measures can be taken to decrease their incidence.","PeriodicalId":79393,"journal":{"name":"Australian journal of science and medicine in sport","volume":"26 3-4","pages":"59-61"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1994-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"19640919","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

The physiological requirements of Soccer refereeing. 足球裁判的生理要求。

Australian journal of science and medicine in sport Pub Date : 1994-09-01

L Johnston, L McNaughton

{"title":"The physiological requirements of Soccer refereeing.","authors":"L Johnston, L McNaughton","doi":"","DOIUrl":"","url":null,"abstract":"The movement patterns and heart rate responses of Soccer referees during matches were examined. A movement analysis was performed using a grid method and subjects wore a PE 3000 heart rate monitor during the match. The mean distance (+/- SD) covered was 9,408 m (+/- 838m) which comprised: walking (18.9%), jogging (46.6%), running/striding (12.1%), sprinting (6.2%) and backwards movement (16.2%). If walking and jogging are pooled as low intensity activity and high intensity work is defined as running/striding and sprinting then the majority of distance was covered by low intensity activity (65.5%). No differences in the total distance covered during the two halves was evident. However, in the second half the subjects walked more than in the first half (p < 0.01), while they ran/strode more in the first when compared to the second half (p < 0.01). The subjects' mean heart rate during the first and second halves was not significantly different and were 163 and 162 beats per minute (b.min-1) respectively. If the theoretical maximum heart rate for each subject (220-age) is used, the major percentage of the time was spent at heart rates above 85% HRmax. Based upon the distance results of this study, the major energy source for Soccer refereeing would appear to be the aerobic system with the anaerobic system contributing to ATP production to a lesser extent. The results of this study suggest that refereeing at a high level places a significant physiological demand upon these athletes; they therefore require specialised assessment and training.","PeriodicalId":79393,"journal":{"name":"Australian journal of science and medicine in sport","volume":"26 3-4","pages":"67-72"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1994-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"19640920","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Sport performance attributions: a special case of self-serving bias? 运动成绩归因:一种特殊的自我服务偏见?

Australian journal of science and medicine in sport Pub Date : 1994-09-01

J L Van Raalte

引用次数: 0

Exercise-induced muscle damage and inflammation: a review. 运动引起的肌肉损伤和炎症:综述。

Australian journal of science and medicine in sport Pub Date : 1994-09-01

D B Pyne

{"title":"Exercise-induced muscle damage and inflammation: a review.","authors":"D B Pyne","doi":"","DOIUrl":"","url":null,"abstract":"Unaccustomed exercise may result in significant damage to skeletal muscle and cause delayed onset muscle soreness (DOMS) in both recreational and elite athletes. Two basic mechanisms-'metabolic' and 'mechanical' stress--have been proposed to explain how exercise initiates damage to skeletal muscle fibres. The extent of damage, particularly after eccentrically-biased exercise, has been assessed by histological and ultrastructural examination, and the measurement of the efflux of cytosolic enzymes into the circulation. The role of reactive oxygen species in the mediation of exercise-induced oxidative damage to muscle and the protection offered by anti-oxidant defence systems have been well studied. Free radical generation is normally estimated by indirect methods such as chemiluminescence, spectrophotometry, flow cytometry, or the measurement of products of lipid peroxidation such as malondialdehyde (MDA) and thiobarbituric acid reactive substances (TBARS). Although several theories have been proposed to account for the DOMS phenomenon, the underlying mechanisms are still to be elucidated. A group of proteins known collectively as cytokines regulate inflammatory and immunological processes involved in the repair of damaged tissue.","PeriodicalId":79393,"journal":{"name":"Australian journal of science and medicine in sport","volume":"26 3-4","pages":"49-58"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1994-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"19640922","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Leuko and Nessa Ankle braces: effectiveness before and after exercise. 白细胞和内萨踝关节支架:运动前后的有效性。

Australian journal of science and medicine in sport Pub Date : 1994-09-01

R Tweedy, T Carson, B Vicenzino

引用次数: 0