Australian journal of science and medicine in sport最新文献_第3页

Technical note: anthropometric normative data for female international basketball players. 技术说明:国际女篮球运动员人体测量标准数据。

Australian journal of science and medicine in sport Pub Date : 1997-03-01

T R Ackland, A Schreiner, D A Kerr

引用次数: 0

Effect of high intensity board training on upper body anaerobic capacity and short-lasting exercise performance. 高强度板训练对上肢无氧能力和短时运动表现的影响。

Australian journal of science and medicine in sport Pub Date : 1997-03-01

D P Morton, P B Gastin

{"title":"Effect of high intensity board training on upper body anaerobic capacity and short-lasting exercise performance.","authors":"D P Morton, P B Gastin","doi":"","DOIUrl":"","url":null,"abstract":"Seven conditioned post-pubescent male subjects (VO2peak = 2.8 +/- 0.1 l.min-1) performed three high intensity board training sessions per week for an eight week period, followed by ten days of reduced training (taper). Subjects performed a 60 second all-out test, on a Biokinetic swim bench ergometer, on five occasions throughout the duration of the study. Testing occurred pre-training (T1), during the third week of training (T2), during the sixth week of training (T3), following eight weeks of training (T4), and post-taper (T5). Performance parameters as well as oxygen deficit (OD) were recorded during the 60 second all-out tests for the assessment of anaerobic capacity. Time trials were completed at times corresponding to T1, T3 and T5 over distances of 75, 140 and 250 metres. Over the duration of the study improvements of 17 percent (p < 0.05) and 60 percent (p < 0.01) were observed for Biokinetic swim bench mean power and peak power, respectively. Improvements in mean power and OD reached significance after five weeks of training. Improvements of 11 (p < 0.05), seven (p < 0.05) and six (p < 0.05) percent were noted from pre-training to post-taper for the 75, 140 and 250 metre time trials, respectively. Peak oxygen uptake improved by five percent from pre-training to post-taper which was almost significant at the 0.05 level (p = 0.052). Mean power correlated significantly with the 75 (r = -0.74, p < 0.05) and 140 (r = -0.79, p < 0.05) metre time trials, indicating that in-water performance and Biokinetic swim bench ergometry are well related. The ten day period of reduced training had no effect on performance parameters assessed during the 60 second all-out tests. It was concluded that improvements in the anaerobic energy systems, and associated performance in short-lasting exercise of high intensity, can be induced within five weeks of high intensity training with no decrements in the aerobic energy system.","PeriodicalId":79393,"journal":{"name":"Australian journal of science and medicine in sport","volume":"29 1","pages":"17-21"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1997-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"20075469","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

The incidence of injury in surfboat rowers. 桨手受伤的发生率。

Australian journal of science and medicine in sport Pub Date : 1996-12-01

L Moseley

引用次数: 0

The effect of different types of exercise on gastro-oesophageal reflux. 不同类型运动对胃食管反流的影响。

Australian journal of science and medicine in sport Pub Date : 1996-12-01

E Yazaki, A Shawdon, I Beasley, D F Evans

{"title":"The effect of different types of exercise on gastro-oesophageal reflux.","authors":"E Yazaki, A Shawdon, I Beasley, D F Evans","doi":"","DOIUrl":"","url":null,"abstract":"Sportsmen and women frequently experience abdominal and chest pain during exertion. The symptoms could be cardiac but may be caused by gastro-oesophageal reflux (GOR). The aim of our study was to investigate the effect of the two activities on GOR in 17 fit, healthy adults. GOR, assessed by intraoesophageal pH, was recorded on portable monitoring equipment before, during and after rowing and running. GOR was also measured after a light meal to simulate pre-training hydration. Three studies were performed: rowing, fasted running, and post-prandial running. GOR was infrequent before exercise, being seen in only 2 subjects. However, GOR was induced in 70% of rowers, 45% of fasted runners, and 90 % of fed runners during and immediately after exercise. The presence of food in the stomach greatly increased the amount of reflux during post-prandial running, (p < 0.006 against control) but reflux was also significantly higher in those who refluxed during fasted running (p < 0.03) and rowing (p < 0.08). There was no statistical difference in the amount of GOR between the two exercise periods. This study shows that both running and rowing induce significant amounts of GOR in a normally asymptomatic group of athletes. GOR should be considered in the investigation of exertional chest pain in patients attending a sports clinic.","PeriodicalId":79393,"journal":{"name":"Australian journal of science and medicine in sport","volume":"28 4","pages":"93-6"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1996-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"19999312","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

The influence of resistance training on the critical power function & time to fatigue at critical power. 阻力训练对临界功率函数及临界功率疲劳时间的影响。

Australian journal of science and medicine in sport Pub Date : 1996-12-01

D Bishop, D G Jenkins

{"title":"The influence of resistance training on the critical power function & time to fatigue at critical power.","authors":"D Bishop, D G Jenkins","doi":"","DOIUrl":"","url":null,"abstract":"The present study examined whether a six-week resistance training program would influence the critical power (CP) function, time to exhaustion (TE) at CP and/or peak oxygen uptake (VO2 peak). The CP function is believed to provide an index of endurance ability (CP given by the slope), and anaerobic work capacity (the y-intercept). Eight healthy, untrained males undertook lower-body resistance training (90 min/day, 3-4 times/wk) for six weeks; eight controls refrained from resistance or endurance training for the same period. Before and immediately following the training period, subjects completed three trials to determine their CP function, a test of VO2 peak, a one-repetition maximum (1-RM) leg press test and TE at their CP. Training significantly increased both 1-RM leg press (28.6%, P < 0.05) and the y-intercept (34.9%, P < 0.05) while no changes in CP, VO2 peak or TE (p > 0.05) were found. Changes in the y-intercept following resistance training were negatively correlated with changes in the CP (r = -0.94, p < 0.05, N = 8). The present data show that the y-intercept of the CP function is sensitive to, and modified by, six weeks of resistance training. Given that resistance training had no significant influence on CP, TE at CP or VO2 peak, the present study has also shown that six weeks of resistance training will not alter indices of endurance ability. The negative relationship between changes in the y-intercept and CP exposes a potential limitation of the linear CP function when evaluating changes in endurance ability following an intervention which significantly alters the y-intercept.","PeriodicalId":79393,"journal":{"name":"Australian journal of science and medicine in sport","volume":"28 4","pages":"101-5"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1996-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"19997250","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Heart rate response and perceived exertion during twenty consecutive karate sparring matches. 连续20场空手道对打时的心率反应和感觉用力。

Australian journal of science and medicine in sport Pub Date : 1996-12-01

H Imamura, Y Yoshimura, K Uchida, A Tanaka, S Nishimura, A T Nakazawa

引用次数: 0

The role of upper limb segment rotations in the development of spin in the tennis forehand. 上肢节旋转在网球正手旋转发展中的作用。

Australian journal of science and medicine in sport Pub Date : 1996-12-01

K Takahashi, B Elliott, G Noffal

{"title":"The role of upper limb segment rotations in the development of spin in the tennis forehand.","authors":"K Takahashi, B Elliott, G Noffal","doi":"","DOIUrl":"","url":null,"abstract":"Increased topspin in the tennis forehand is produced by maintaining a perpendicular racket-face to the court surface at impact and increasing the trajectory and vertical velocity of the racket-head. These modifications to stroke technique from those previously identified in the flat forehand drive are the result of changes to the movement patterns of the segments of the upper limb. The contributions that the upper limb segment's anatomical rotations make to racket-head velocity at impact depend on both their angular velocity and the instantaneous position of the racket with respect to these movements. Six high performance tennis players were filmed at a nominal rate of 200 Hz by three Photosonics cameras while hitting flat (no spin) and topspin groundstrokes and a forehand topspin lob. The three-dimensional (3-D) displacement histories of 16 selected landmarks were then calculated using the direct linear transformation approach and 3-D individual segment rotations for the upper limb were calculated using vector equations. Significant differences were recorded in the effect that the various segment rotations made to the x-direction (forward) and y-direction (upward) impact velocities of the racket-head. These differences were not reflected in the contributions to racket-head velocity when the absolute velocities were expressed relative to the impact velocity. Trunk rotation, upper arm flexion/abduction, upper arm internal rotation, hand palmar and ulnar flexion all played integral roles in producing impact racket speed.","PeriodicalId":79393,"journal":{"name":"Australian journal of science and medicine in sport","volume":"28 4","pages":"106-13"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1996-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"19997251","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Safe depths for teaching children to dive. 教孩子潜水的安全深度。

Australian journal of science and medicine in sport Pub Date : 1996-09-01

B A Blanksby, F K Wearne, B C Elliott

引用次数: 0

Musculoskeletal injuries in track and field: incidence, distribution and risk factors. 田径运动中肌肉骨骼损伤:发生率、分布和危险因素。

Australian journal of science and medicine in sport Pub Date : 1996-09-01

K L Bennell, K Crossley

{"title":"Musculoskeletal injuries in track and field: incidence, distribution and risk factors.","authors":"K L Bennell, K Crossley","doi":"","DOIUrl":"","url":null,"abstract":"This study evaluated the incidence, distribution and types of musculoskeletal injuries sustained by 95 track and field athletes in a 12 month period using a retrospective cohort design, and analysed selected training, anthropometric, menstrual and clinical biomechanical risk factors. Overall, 72 athletes sustained 130 injuries giving an athlete incidence rate of 76% and an injury exposure rate of 3.9 per 1000 training hours. The majority of injuries were overuse in nature and approximately one-third of all injuries were recurrent. The risk of injury was not influenced by gender or event group. The most common sites of injury were the leg (28%), thigh (22%) and knee (16%) with the most common diagnoses being stress fractures (21%) and hamstring strains (14%). Injury patterns varied between event groups with middle-distance and distance runners sustaining more overuse injuries, and sprinters, hurdlers, jumpers and multi event athletes more acute injuries (p < 0.05). Increasing age, greater overall flexibility and a greater prevalence of menstrual disturbances were associated with a greater likelihood of injury. The results of this study show that track and field athletes are at high risk for musculoskeletal injury and that it may be possible to identify those who are more likely to sustain an injury.","PeriodicalId":79393,"journal":{"name":"Australian journal of science and medicine in sport","volume":"28 3","pages":"69-75"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1996-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"19902252","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

An on-demand system of delivering pre-mixed inspiratory gas for use during physical activity. 一种按需输送用于身体活动期间的预混合吸入气体的系统。

Australian journal of science and medicine in sport Pub Date : 1996-09-01

A D Taylor, R Bronks

{"title":"An on-demand system of delivering pre-mixed inspiratory gas for use during physical activity.","authors":"A D Taylor, R Bronks","doi":"","DOIUrl":"","url":null,"abstract":"This study analysed the effectiveness of an on-demand system of supplying pre-mixed inspiratory gases to subjects under working conditions. A supply of pre-mixed inspiratory gas is often required in order to study the effects of acute hypoxia/hyperoxia on numerous physiological variables whilst normobaric pressure is maintained. The principle aim of this investigation was to determine if the introduction of the on-demand system resulted in any changes in minute ventilation (VE), oxygen consumption (VO2), respiratory rate (RR), tidal volume (VT) or endurance performance during incremental cycle ergometry to exhaustion. Trained male subjects participated in the study (n = 9). The subjects completed two incremental trials on a Monark cycle ergometer. The trials commenced at a power output of 60W implementing a 30 W.4 min-1 work increment. In one trial the subjects inspired ambient room air as per normal VO2max testing, whilst in the other trial the subjects inspired compressed air supplied from high pressure cylinders using a demand valve. Trial order was randomised. Raw data (time, heart rate, VI[ATPS], respiratory rate, tidal volume, FEO2 and FECO2) were recorded on line every 15 seconds. No differences in gas exchange variables were apparent at rest (VO2 VE RR, VT) nor during submaximal work between normal and on-demand trials. VO2max, VEmax and physical performance were also not significantly different between trials. On the basis of these findings, it was suggested that the on-demand system of supplying inspiratory gas resulted in minimal changes in gas exchange variables and performance during incremental work. Using this system of gas supply researchers can effectively supply subjects with premixed gas for little financial expense.","PeriodicalId":79393,"journal":{"name":"Australian journal of science and medicine in sport","volume":"28 3","pages":"76-8"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1996-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"19902255","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0