Annals of African Medicine最新文献_第9页

Successful Medical Management of Pigmented Fungal Keratitis Following Vegetative Trauma. 植物性外伤后色素性真菌性角膜炎的成功医学治疗。

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Annals of African Medicine Pub Date : 2026-04-17 DOI: 10.4103/aam.aam_200_26

Pranav More, Preethi Abraham, Jessica Sangwan, Kalibo Jakhalu

引用次数: 0

Hyperglycemia with Ketoacidosis following Acute Necrotizing Pancreatitis: A Case Suggestive of Pancreatogenic Diabetes. 急性坏死性胰腺炎后高血糖伴酮症酸中毒：一例提示胰源性糖尿病。

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Annals of African Medicine Pub Date : 2026-04-17 DOI: 10.4103/aam.aam_735_25

Ponvijaya Yadav, Avuthu Hemanjali, Divam Prakash Singh, Adheesh Phalke

引用次数: 0

Recurrent Lower Limb Venous Thrombosis in a Young Adult with Myotonia Congenita. 青年先天性肌强直患者下肢静脉血栓复发1例。

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Annals of African Medicine Pub Date : 2026-04-17 DOI: 10.4103/aam.aam_672_25

Suhail Sanaulla, Khadeeja Salim, A Saifudeen

引用次数: 0

Semi-active Robotic Over Free-hand Techniques for Evaluation of Dental Implant Placement Accuracy. 半主动机器人相对于徒手技术评估牙种植体放置精度。

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Annals of African Medicine Pub Date : 2026-04-17 DOI: 10.4103/aam.aam_149_26

Kailash Chandra Dash, Neetu Punhani, Sajith Abraham, Ahmad Saib Jameel, Mushir Mulla, Fahida P Subair, Muzammil Moin Ahmed, Munaz Mulla, Vinayak Meharwade, Kumuda Rao

{"title":"Semi-active Robotic Over Free-hand Techniques for Evaluation of Dental Implant Placement Accuracy.","authors":"Kailash Chandra Dash, Neetu Punhani, Sajith Abraham, Ahmad Saib Jameel, Mushir Mulla, Fahida P Subair, Muzammil Moin Ahmed, Munaz Mulla, Vinayak Meharwade, Kumuda Rao","doi":"10.4103/aam.aam_149_26","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4103/aam.aam_149_26","url":null,"abstract":"Introduction: Accurate three-dimensional positioning of dental implants is necessary for attaining optimal prosthetic outcomes and long-term implant success. Conventional free-hand implant placement is highly operator dependent and associated with greater positional deviations, whereas semi-active robotic systems offer real-time guidance and mechanical constraint to enhance surgical precision. To comparatively evaluate the accuracy of dental implant placement using a semi-active robotic assistance system versus the conventional free-hand technique in a randomized controlled clinical trial.Materials and methods: This prospective parallel-arm randomized controlled trial included 200 implant sites allocated equally to a semi-active robotic group and a free-hand group. Preoperative cone-beam computed tomography (CBCT)-based virtual planning was performed for all cases. Implant placement accuracy was assessed postoperatively by superimposing pre- and postoperative CBCT scans to measure coronal deviation, apical deviation, and angular deviation. Secondary outcomes, such as surgical time, intraoperative complications, and postoperative pain, were considered. Statistical analysis was performed using appropriate parametric and nonparametric tests with significance set at P < 0.05.Results: The semi-active robotic group demonstrated significantly lower coronal, apical, and angular deviations compared with the free-hand group (P < 0.001). Although surgical time was significantly longer in the robotic group, intraoperative complications and postoperative pain scores were comparable between groups.Conclusion: Semi-active robotic guidance significantly improves implant placement accuracy without increasing short-term patient morbidity, supporting its clinical utility in precision-driven implant dentistry.","PeriodicalId":7938,"journal":{"name":"Annals of African Medicine","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.7,"publicationDate":"2026-04-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147697306","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Stroke in Young Female as a Presenting Feature of Systemic Lupus Erythematosus with Central Nervous System Vasculitis and Its Management. 年轻女性中风是系统性红斑狼疮合并中枢神经系统血管炎的表现特征及其治疗。

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Annals of African Medicine Pub Date : 2026-04-17 DOI: 10.4103/aam.aam_207_26

Vijayashree S Gokhale, Avuthu Hemanjali, Divam Prakash Singh, Triveen Varma Vetukuri

{"title":"Stroke in Young Female as a Presenting Feature of Systemic Lupus Erythematosus with Central Nervous System Vasculitis and Its Management.","authors":"Vijayashree S Gokhale, Avuthu Hemanjali, Divam Prakash Singh, Triveen Varma Vetukuri","doi":"10.4103/aam.aam_207_26","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4103/aam.aam_207_26","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract: Systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) is a chronic, inflammatory, autoimmune disorder involving multiple systems. A 18-year-old female patient presented with complaints of headache, weakness, and tingling sensation in the left upper limb and lower limb. On magnetic resonance imaging (MRI), acute nonhemorrhagic infarct in right thalamo-capsular region was seen. The patient gave a history of malar rash and intermittent joint pains for which she had taken nonspecific treatment. Antineutrophilic antibody (ANA) by innumoflourescence and ANA blot was suggestive of SLE. Hence, the patient had central nervous system vasculitis and stroke due to SLE. The patient was started on antiplatelet therapy, tablet prednisolone 40 mg once daily, and tablet warfarin 5 mg once daily. The patient was readmitted after 2 weeks with menorrhagia and deranged INR. Tablet Warfarin was with-held, fresh frozen plasma transfusions were given. Repeat MRI did not show any new changes. Patient was given tablet nicoumalone and three doses of injection cyclophosphamide 800 mg. Hemiplegia has improved by 90%, her menstrual cycles are now regular.","PeriodicalId":7938,"journal":{"name":"Annals of African Medicine","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.7,"publicationDate":"2026-04-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147697274","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Congenital or Juvenile-Onset Hypothyroidism Presenting in Adulthood: A Case Series. 成年期出现先天性或少年性甲状腺功能减退：一个病例系列。

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Annals of African Medicine Pub Date : 2026-04-17 DOI: 10.4103/aam.aam_67_26

Zagabathina Siddu Nikith, Anudeep Gadda, Sunanda Tirupati, Shruthi Ravindra, Melkunte Shanthaiah Dhananjaya, Vijaya Sarathi

{"title":"Congenital or Juvenile-Onset Hypothyroidism Presenting in Adulthood: A Case Series.","authors":"Zagabathina Siddu Nikith, Anudeep Gadda, Sunanda Tirupati, Shruthi Ravindra, Melkunte Shanthaiah Dhananjaya, Vijaya Sarathi","doi":"10.4103/aam.aam_67_26","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4103/aam.aam_67_26","url":null,"abstract":"Purpose: Congenital or juvenile-onset hypothyroidism presenting in adulthood is rare but clinically important and may provide a unique opportunity to explore the effects of long-standing hypothyroidism from childhood. Here, we describe five such cases and analyze their unique features.Methods: This retrospective study includes five cases of congenital (n = 2) or probable juvenile-onset (n = 3) primary hypothyroidism presenting in adulthood, identified at a tertiary healthcare center in South India. We noted the clinical manifestations, laboratory and radiological (roentgenograms and magnetic resonance imaging) investigations, and treatments offered from the record review.Results: All five patients (age: 18-34 years) exhibited severe short stature and impaired puberty. Four patients had myxedematous features, while one patient presented with a marasmic appearance. Bone maturity was delayed in all cases, with epiphyseal dysgenesis, metaphyseal sclerosis, persistent Wormian bones, flattened vertebrae, and pericardial effusion in one or more patients. Uncommon radiological observations included cortical thickening of long bones, dislocation of dysgenetic femoral head epiphyses, and extensive vascular calcification of superficial femoral arteries in one or more patients. One each exhibited pituitary hyperplasia, partial empty sella, enlarged pituitary with a concave superior margin and a normal-sized pituitary gland.Conclusions: Alongside the well-known effects on growth, puberty, epiphyses, growth plates, and vertebrae, the cases highlight the unique impacts of long-standing pediatric-onset hypothyroidism on cortical thickness, vascular calcification and pituitary.","PeriodicalId":7938,"journal":{"name":"Annals of African Medicine","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.7,"publicationDate":"2026-04-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147697154","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Prevalence of Nonalcoholic Fatty Liver Disease in Type 1 Diabetes Mellitus and Utility of Noninvasive Tests. 1型糖尿病非酒精性脂肪性肝病的患病率及无创检查的应用

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Annals of African Medicine Pub Date : 2026-04-17 DOI: 10.4103/aam.aam_716_25

Rachana Kishore Ubrangala, Y P Ganavi, Avinash Balekuduru, Pramila Kalra, Chitra Selvan, Manjunath Paidakula Ramakrishna

{"title":"Prevalence of Nonalcoholic Fatty Liver Disease in Type 1 Diabetes Mellitus and Utility of Noninvasive Tests.","authors":"Rachana Kishore Ubrangala, Y P Ganavi, Avinash Balekuduru, Pramila Kalra, Chitra Selvan, Manjunath Paidakula Ramakrishna","doi":"10.4103/aam.aam_716_25","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4103/aam.aam_716_25","url":null,"abstract":"Objectives: Ultrasound often misses mild steatosis and does not assess fibrosis, a key mortality predictor in nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD). Due to the invasiveness of biopsy and the impracticality of magnetic resonance imaging, we evaluated transient elastography (TE) and noninvasive tests (NITs) in type 1 Diabetes Mellitus.Methodology: In 85 patients, NAFLD was defined using a controlled attenuation parameter (CAP) ≥248 dB/m or a Liver Stiffness Measurement (LSM) ≥7 kPa with TE, which served as the reference standard. Serum chemerin, aspartate aminotransferase/Alanine aminotransferase (AST/ALT) ratio, AST to Platelet Ratio Index, FIB-4 score, and the Enhanced Liver Fibrosis (ELF) score were assessed.Results: The prevalence of NAFLD by TE was 23 (27%), with steatosis in 18 (21.4%) and fibrosis in 8 (9.5%). Lean NAFLD was seen in 11 patients, with 6 having fibrosis. Patients with NAFLD had higher weight, waist circumference (WC), waist-hip ratio, and systolic blood pressure. The AST/ALT ratio and chemerin performed poorly for steatosis detection, and ELF scores were not significantly elevated in fibrosis. FIB-4 was significantly higher in fibrosis (0.69) than in those without (0.40). A cut-off of 0.5 predicted fibrosis, with 75% sensitivity, 31.6% specificity and a negative predictive value of 86.2% for excluding fibrosis. LSM correlated with the FIB-4 score. Insulin resistance measured by estimated glucose disposal rate showed no difference across body mass index categories or in Metabolic Syndrome.Conclusion: NAFLD was observed in nearly one-quarter of individuals. NITs, including a lower FIB-4 score, could aid in screening this high-risk population.","PeriodicalId":7938,"journal":{"name":"Annals of African Medicine","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.7,"publicationDate":"2026-04-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147697238","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Expanding the Clinical Spectrum of Pediatric Nutcracker Syndrome: A Case of Nonrenal Presentation. 扩大儿童胡桃夹子综合征的临床谱：一例非肾表现。

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Annals of African Medicine Pub Date : 2026-04-17 DOI: 10.4103/aam.aam_209_26

Sanjay Chavan, Yaddalapudi Lakshmi Harshitha, G Nikitha Reddy, Shradha Salunkhe, Shailaja Mane

{"title":"Expanding the Clinical Spectrum of Pediatric Nutcracker Syndrome: A Case of Nonrenal Presentation.","authors":"Sanjay Chavan, Yaddalapudi Lakshmi Harshitha, G Nikitha Reddy, Shradha Salunkhe, Shailaja Mane","doi":"10.4103/aam.aam_209_26","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4103/aam.aam_209_26","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract: Nutcracker syndrome (NCS) is an uncommon vascular compression disorder resulting from entrapment of the left renal vein (LRV), most often between the superior mesenteric artery and the abdominal aorta. Although it is well described in adults, the condition remains underdiagnosed in children because of its nonspecific and variable clinical manifestations. We report the case of a 15-year-old adolescent girl presented with recurrent epigastric abdominal pain, nonbilious vomiting, retrosternal chest pain, and severe dysmenorrhea, without hematuria or flank pain. Initial laboratory investigations, urinalysis, and cardiac evaluation are unremarkable. Ultrasonography visualized the head of the pancreas as appearing mildly heterogeneous. Upper gastrointestinal endoscopy showed nonspecific gastropathy. Contrast-enhanced computed tomography of the abdomen and pelvis demonstrated a markedly reduced aortomesentric angle with compression of LRV, consistent with anterior nutcracker. The patient was managed conservatively with dietary modification and symptomatic therapy, resulting in significant clinical improvement. This case highlights the importance of considering NCS in adolescents presenting with unexplained abdominal or chest pain and emphasises the role of appropriate imaging in diagnosis. Conservative management remains the preferred approach in pediatric patients owing to the high likelihood of spontaneous resolution with growth and weight gain.","PeriodicalId":7938,"journal":{"name":"Annals of African Medicine","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.7,"publicationDate":"2026-04-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147697180","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Prevalence of Misconceptions and Taboos about Dental Health Based on Educational Qualification. 基于学历的口腔健康误区与禁忌流行情况分析。

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Annals of African Medicine Pub Date : 2026-04-16 DOI: 10.4103/aam.aam_788_25

Tulsi Subramaniam, Monali Nikalje, Pramila Mallaiah, Arunkumar Acharya, Amit Jagtap, Shrikanth Muralidharan

{"title":"Prevalence of Misconceptions and Taboos about Dental Health Based on Educational Qualification.","authors":"Tulsi Subramaniam, Monali Nikalje, Pramila Mallaiah, Arunkumar Acharya, Amit Jagtap, Shrikanth Muralidharan","doi":"10.4103/aam.aam_788_25","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4103/aam.aam_788_25","url":null,"abstract":"Background: This study aims to evaluate the impact of educational qualifications on dental and oral health-related misconceptions and taboos prevalent in selected local populations. The main objective is to correlate variations in oral hygiene practices, knowledge, and attitudes toward self-medication with educational qualifications and demographic factors.Materials and methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted at a tertiary care hospital using a pretested and validated questionnaire. Data were collected from 448 individuals aged 18 years and older, excluding dentists, dental hygienists, dental mechanics, dental technicians, dental nurses, and other dental professionals.Results: In the present study, we tried to determine the level of dental awareness among the given sample and wanted to evaluate it based on their educational qualifications. The level of dental awareness was highest in Group D (68.28%), followed by Group C (63.1%). Group A (32.54%) was lower than Group B (49.03%). The level of awareness was distinctively higher in Groups C and D than in Groups A and B. This could be attributed to their formal education level and increased general awareness due to digital and media access.Conclusion: Various dental myths persist within the population. To combat unhealthy practices, health professionals must provide intensive health education and promote the adoption of healthy habits. Professionals must understand these myths and beliefs as they pose significant barriers to seeking appropriate treatment.","PeriodicalId":7938,"journal":{"name":"Annals of African Medicine","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.7,"publicationDate":"2026-04-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147697190","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Mindfulness Meditation: An Interventional Tool to Attenuate Cardiovascular Reactivity to Mental Stress in Undergraduate Medical Students. 正念冥想：一种减轻医科大学生心血管对心理压力反应的介入工具。

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Annals of African Medicine Pub Date : 2026-04-16 DOI: 10.4103/aam.aam_660_25

Ragini Rajappa, Ved Prakash Varshney, Mona Bedi

{"title":"Mindfulness Meditation: An Interventional Tool to Attenuate Cardiovascular Reactivity to Mental Stress in Undergraduate Medical Students.","authors":"Ragini Rajappa, Ved Prakash Varshney, Mona Bedi","doi":"10.4103/aam.aam_660_25","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4103/aam.aam_660_25","url":null,"abstract":"Background: We studied the effect of the single bout mindfulness meditation on cardiovascular reactivity (CVR) to acute mental stress to devise a method to assess and attenuate mental stress among Indian undergraduate medical students.Methodology: This was a pre- and post-comparative interventional study conducted in thirty healthy male undergraduate medical students. Anthropometric measurements, heart rate (HR), and blood pressure readings were recorded during the assessment. These participants are selected based on age criteria, weight, history of morbidity, and history of prior exposure to mindfulness meditation.Results: Data of Premindfulness meditation reactivity (T1-R1) and Post mindfulness meditation reactivity (T2-R2) were compared and analyzed for significance to draw conclusion. Systolic blood pressure reactivity, when compared between Pre-Mindfulness Meditation reactivity (T1-R1) and Postmindfulness Meditation reactivity (T2-R2), showed statistically significant results with P < 0.01, with no significance seen between diastolic blood pressure reactivity and HR reactivity. A significant difference in systolic blood pressure reactivity after mindfulness meditation intervention points toward the role of mindfulness meditation in decreasing CVR reactivity as opposed to increased CVR reactivity seen during mental stress without intervention.Conclusion: This concludes that mindfulness meditation influences CVR reactivity to mental stress even as a one-time Intervention.","PeriodicalId":7938,"journal":{"name":"Annals of African Medicine","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.7,"publicationDate":"2026-04-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147697207","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0