Animal Reproduction最新文献

{"title":"Analgesic combinations to reduce the stress/pain responses in ewes submitted to non-surgical embryo recovery: butorphanol associated with meloxicam or with dipyrone/hyoscine.","authors":"Ana Paula Pereira Schmidt, Ana Clara Sarzedas Ribeiro, Juliana Dantas Rodrigues Santos, Pedro Henrique Nicolau Pinto, Aline Matos Arrais, Joanna Maria Gonçalves Souza-Fabjan, Mário Felipe Alvarez Balaro, Jeferson Ferreira da Fonseca, Rodolfo Ungerfeld, Felipe Zandonadi Brandão","doi":"10.1590/1984-3143-AR2025-0177","DOIUrl":"10.1590/1984-3143-AR2025-0177","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The aim of this study was to compare the effectiveness of different analgesic protocols in reducing physiological stress markers in Santa Inês ewes undergoing non-surgical embryo recovery (NSER). In Experiment 1 (n = 32), ewes received a combination of butorphanol and meloxicam, whereas in Experiment 2 (n = 34), animals were treated with butorphanol combined with dipyrone and hyoscine. In Experiment 1, ewes received butorphanol (0.1 mg/kg IM) associated with meloxicam (1 mg/kg IV). In Experiment 2, animals were treated with butorphanol (0.1 mg/kg IM) combined with a dipyrone-hyoscine mixture (5 g dipyrone + 0.04 g hyoscine; 5 mL IM and 5 mL IV). Controls received equivalent volumes of saline. In Experiment 2, dipyrone-hyoscine was re-administered 24 h post-procedure. Ewes were synchronized, superovulated, and subjected to cervical dilation before NSER. Heart rate, respiratory rate, and blood biomarkers were recorded before sedation (BS), after sedation (AS), before cervical transposition (BCT), immediately after collection (IAC), and at 0.5, 1.5, 3, 6, 12, 24, and 48 h after collection (AC). In Experiment 1, respiratory rate was affected by treatment over time, it was greater (P=0.048) in control ewes than in ewes that received butorphanol associated with meloxicam at AS and 0.5hAC. No other variable differed significantly between groups. In Experiment 2, there was an interaction between treatment and time in heart rate. Heart rate was greater in ewes treated with butorphanol combined with a dipyrone-hyoscine mixture than in control ewes (P = 0.001), and there was also a significant interaction between treatment and time (P = 0.001). It was greater in treated ewes than in control ewes at AS, IAC, 0.5hAC, and 1.5hAC. No significant effects were detected for the remaining parameters. Under the tested conditions, neither analgesic protocol significantly reduced physiological indicators of stress.</p>","PeriodicalId":7889,"journal":{"name":"Animal Reproduction","volume":"23 3","pages":"e20250177"},"PeriodicalIF":2.3,"publicationDate":"2026-08-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13520587/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148838484","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Sperm motility parameters as indicators of seminal quality: a comparative study between fish species.","authors":"Lorena Pacheco da Silva, Stella Indira Rocha Lobato, Rodrigo Yutaka Dishoff Kasai, Letícia Giosa Paulino, Carmen Fila Zeca Manjate, Laís Pedroso Borges, Rosicleire Veríssimo-Silveira, Alexandre Ninhaus-Silveira","doi":"10.1590/1984-3143-AR2025-0140","DOIUrl":"10.1590/1984-3143-AR2025-0140","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>This study investigated the patterns of sperm kinetics in two fish species, <i>Piaractus mesopotamicus</i> and <i>Pseudoplatystoma reticulatum</i> and their relationship with seminal quality. Semen samples were collected after hormonal induction, with the aim of identifying indicators of seminal quality and their relationship with reproductive success. The results revealed marked interspecific differences: <i>P. reticulatum</i> exhibited longer-lasting motility (83 ± 31 s) with stable linear movement patterns after activation, while <i>P. mesopotamicus</i> showed more intense but shorter-lasting motility (41 ± 8 s), exhibiting initial circular trajectories that transitioned to linear patterns. In <i>P. reticulatum</i>, positive correlations were found between total motility (MOT), progressivity (PROG), velocities: curvilinear (VCL), straight-line (VSL) and average (VAP), with hatching rate (HR). These are suggested to be reliable predictors of seminal quality. For <i>P. mesopotamicus</i>, multivariate analysis (PCA) indicated that sperm quality was associated with a specific combination of VCL, VAP, and amplitude and lateral displacement of the head (ALH), although no single parameter was directly correlated with HR. These differences reflect distinct evolutionary adaptations to their lotic reproductive environment, associated with effective oocyte fertilization capacity and larval hatching rate. <i>P. mesopotamicus</i> is adapted for rapid fertilization, with higher sperm speed, while <i>P. reticulatum</i> demonstrates more sustained sperm motility. These results highlight the need for species-specific approaches and demonstrate that the simple evaluation of sperm kinetic parameters in fish does not allow seminal qualification, requiring detailed knowledge of sperm movement by species, essential information to optimize the nutritional and reproductive management of breeders, and seminal cryopreservation protocols.</p>","PeriodicalId":7889,"journal":{"name":"Animal Reproduction","volume":"23 3","pages":"e20250140"},"PeriodicalIF":2.3,"publicationDate":"2026-07-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13440221/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148676956","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Antioxidant properties of <i>Moringa oleifera</i> Lam. hay and its effect on the reproductive capacity of rams.","authors":"Michele Pereira da Silva, Hymerson Costa Azevedo, Evandro Neves Muniz, Rafael Dantas Dos Santos, Ana Mara de Oliveira E Silva, Larissa de Oliveira Queiroz, Iranildo Soares Bispo, Matheus Batista de Oliveira, Julio Constantino Jerí Molina, Gladston Rafael de Arruda Santos","doi":"10.1590/1984-3143-AR2025-0078","DOIUrl":"10.1590/1984-3143-AR2025-0078","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The objective of this study was to evaluate the antioxidant properties of <i>Moringa oleifera</i> hay and the effects of its dietary inclusion on the reproductive potential of rams. Twenty-eight adult rams, with a mean age of two years and an average body weight of 69.36 ± 1.29 kg, were randomly allocated into four experimental groups (G) and subjected to isoproteic diets composed of 30% concentrate (corn, soybean meal, and urea), sorghum silage (SS), and MOH in different proportions: G0 (control: 0% MOH, 70% SS); G10 (10% MOH, 60% SS); G20 (20% MOH, 50% SS); G30 (30% MOH, 40% SS), along with <i>ad libitum</i> water. Semen collections were performed every 15 days for seminal and sperm evaluations. <i>M. oleifera</i> (MO) hay was analyzed for total phenolic compounds, flavonoid content, and in vitro antioxidant capacity and was compared with fresh MO. Total antioxidant capacity of seminal plasma was determined using the ferric reducing antioxidant power (FRAP) assay. MOH did not differ from MO in total phenolic content (33.38 vs. 33.64mg GA Eq/g), but its flavonoid content was higher (4.75 vs. 3.88 mg CAT Eq/g). DPPH (802.00 vs. 1840.38 µg/mL), ABTS (1091.78 vs. 2943.82 µg/mL), and FRAP (418.08 vs. 146.83 mg/mL) The results indicated greater antioxidant and reducing capacity in MO hay. No differences were observed among groups regarding total antioxidant capacity of seminal plasma or conventional seminal parameters (P> 0.05). However, regardless of the inclusion level, groups supplemented with MO hay showed a higher percentage of sperm plasma membrane integrity (P < 0.05) compared with the control group at all evaluation time points. It is concluded that the haymaking process enhances the antioxidant capacity of MO and that its inclusion in the diet of rams improves sperm plasma membrane integrity, positively reflecting semen quality. Thus, the use of MO hay may be considered a promising nutritional strategy to increase the reproductive potential of rams.</p>","PeriodicalId":7889,"journal":{"name":"Animal Reproduction","volume":"23 3","pages":"e20250078"},"PeriodicalIF":2.3,"publicationDate":"2026-07-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13411996/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148618127","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Application of omics technologies to identify reproductive phenotypes in the context of assisted reproductive technologies for cattle.","authors":"Rochelle Veldhuizen, Maria Belen Rabaglino","doi":"10.1590/1984-3143-AR2026-0084","DOIUrl":"10.1590/1984-3143-AR2026-0084","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Fertility is a key determinant of reproductive efficiency, economic performance, and sustainability in cattle production systems. Traditional fertility phenotypes that are still widely used today, such as conception rate, calving interval, non-return rate, and semen quality parameters, primarily describe reproductive outcomes rather than predict fertility. Consequently, important molecular and physiological differences between animals with contrasting fertility may remain undetected. Omics technologies provide new opportunities to identify reproductive phenotypes that more accurately reflect the biological mechanisms underlying fertility in cattle. Genomics enables the identification of single nucleotide polymorphisms, quantitative trait loci, and haplotypes associated with variation in fertility. Transcriptomics has revealed gene expression patterns related to spermatogenesis, sperm function, uterine receptivity, and embryo-maternal communication. Proteomics has identified protein profiles associated with oocyte developmental competence, fertilization capacity, and embryonic development, while metabolomics reflects the biochemical state most closely linked to the expressed phenotype, identifying biomarkers associated with oxidative balance and energy, lipid, and protein metabolism. This manuscript reviews selected studies that have applied omics technologies to identify measurable reproductive phenotypes that better capture the biological basis of fertility in cattle within the context of assisted reproductive technologies. While genomics remains the most widely applied omics approach due to the stability and accessibility of DNA, downstream omics may provide a more accurate representation of the dynamic biological processes defining fertility. Future research should focus on translating these findings into practical assays for rapid and accessible biomarker measurement, supporting informed decision-making at the farm level.</p>","PeriodicalId":7889,"journal":{"name":"Animal Reproduction","volume":"23 4","pages":"e20260084"},"PeriodicalIF":2.3,"publicationDate":"2026-07-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13412143/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148618143","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Spermatogonial stem cell markers and distribution in different regions of the testis of adult Nile tilapia (<i>Oreochromis niloticus</i>).","authors":"Sunny Okechukwu Abarikwu, Samyra Maria Dos Santos Nassif Lacerda, Guilherme Mattos Jardim Costa, Luiz Renato de França","doi":"10.1590/1984-3143-AR2025-0162","DOIUrl":"10.1590/1984-3143-AR2025-0162","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Highly conserved vertebrate molecular markers, such as Gfra1, Pou5f3, Notch1, Plzf, and Nanos2, represent important candidates for evaluating spermatogonial stem cells (SSCs) physiology and preferential location in the fish testis. In tilapia, germ cell cysts are distributed within seminiferous tubules oriented along the dorso-ventral axis, while the adult testis continues to grow along both the longitudinal (cranio-caudal) and dorso-ventral axes. Herein we investigated the spatial distribution of undifferentiated spermatogonia (A_und) expressing established SSC-associated markers in the testes of sexually mature Nile tilapia. Topographical analysis along the longitudinal axis showed that A_und were predominantly located in regions of the seminiferous tubules adjacent to the interstitial compartment, with approximately 53% of A_und in the caudal region and 18% in the cranial region of the testis. Accordingly, most A_und positive for Gfra1, Plzf, and Nanos2 (>70%; p<0.05) were preferentially detected in the caudal region. Analysis along the dorso-ventral axis showed that A_und positive for Plzf, Gfrα1, Nanos2, Nanos1, Notch1, and Notch3 were more frequently observed in areas closer to the tunica albuginea compared with regions adjacent to the efferent ducts. Together, these findings demonstrate pronounced regional differences in the distribution of A_und along both the cranio-caudal and dorso-ventral axes of the Nile tilapia testis, highlighting a spatially organized germinal architecture that may be relevant for the maintenance of the germinal epithelium and post-pubertal testicular growth. To our knowledge, this is the first study to systematically describe the spatial distribution of A_und-associated markers in a teleost species.</p>","PeriodicalId":7889,"journal":{"name":"Animal Reproduction","volume":"23 3","pages":"e20250162"},"PeriodicalIF":2.3,"publicationDate":"2026-07-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13412013/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148617964","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"<i>In vivo versus in vitro</i> embryo production in small ruminants: strengths, limitations, and practical outcomes.","authors":"Joanna Maria Gonçalves Souza-Fabjan, Ana Paula Silva Cupello, Nicole Oliveira Rocha, Matheus Silva Admiral Gomes, Marie Saint-Dizier, Ribrio Ivan Tavares Pereira Batista","doi":"10.1590/1984-3143-AR2026-0048","DOIUrl":"10.1590/1984-3143-AR2026-0048","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Embryo transfer technologies have become essential tools for accelerating genetic gain, disseminating superior genetics, and preserving valuable germplasm in livestock species. In small ruminants, embryo production has historically relied on multiple ovulation and embryo transfer (MOET), whereas <i>in vitro</i> embryo production (IVEP) has expanded substantially over recent decades. Despite this technological progress, the global embryo industry in sheep and goats remains dominated by MOET systems, in contrast to cattle, where IVEP has rapidly become the prevailing technology. This review critically examines the biological, technical, and logistical factors underlying the current balance between MOET and IVEP in small ruminants. We discuss the main biological determinants influencing embryo production efficiency, including oocyte developmental competence, species-specific reproductive traits, and the intrinsic sensitivity of small ruminant gametes and embryos to <i>in vitro</i> environments. A comparative analysis with bovine systems highlights that several operational advantages that have driven the expansion of IVEP in cattle, such as the possibility of repeated ovum pick-up without hormonal superstimulation, minimally invasive oocyte recovery, and efficient use of sex-sorted semen, are not readily transferable to sheep and goats. Conversely, recent advances in nonsurgical embryo recovery have reinforced the practical advantages of MOET in small ruminants by reducing procedural invasiveness and improving animal welfare. Emerging perspectives for IVEP are also discussed, including innovations in embryo culture systems and the integration of IVEP with genomic selection and sexed semen technologies. Overall, current evidence indicates that the predominance of MOET in small ruminants reflects not a technological delay but rather a complex interplay of biological robustness and operational simplicity. We believe that IVEP is more likely to expand as a complementary tool rather than to replace MOET as the dominant embryo production strategy in sheep and goats.</p>","PeriodicalId":7889,"journal":{"name":"Animal Reproduction","volume":"23 4","pages":"e20260048"},"PeriodicalIF":2.3,"publicationDate":"2026-07-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13418095/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148618010","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Let the female tract choose: finding the sperm to enhance <i>in vitro</i> embryo production.","authors":"Marie Saint-Dizier, Luna Ehrhardt, Alba Perez-Gomez, Joanna Maria Gonçalves Souza-Fabjan, Coline Mahé","doi":"10.1590/1984-3143-AR2026-0061","DOIUrl":"10.1590/1984-3143-AR2026-0061","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p><i>In vitro</i> embryo production (IVEP) has become an essential tool for livestock breeding, genetic dissemination, and research. Despite its widespread use, overall efficiency remains limited, as only approximately 25% of fertilized oocytes develop into transferable embryos, and pregnancy outcomes are consistently lower than with <i>in vivo</i>-derived embryos. While oocyte quality is a major determinant, fertilization success and early embryonic development are also strongly influenced by sperm functional competence, which is only partially captured by conventional selection methods based primarily on motility and morphology. <i>In vivo</i>, the female reproductive tract imposes stringent physical and molecular barriers, with fewer than 0.01% of inseminated sperm reaching the fertilization site. This selection involves key processes, including i) passage through the utero-tubal junction, ii) formation and regulation of the oviductal sperm reservoir, and iii) guided sperm navigation toward the oocyte. These mechanisms ensure functional selection of sperm and synchronized meeting with oocytes, features that are largely absent or poorly replicated in conventional <i>in vitro</i> fertilization (IVF) systems. Current sperm selection methods include swim-up and density gradient centrifugation. Emerging biomimetic approaches aim to better replicate physiological conditions, notably through microfluidic platforms and oviduct cell-based selection systems. These approaches have shown promising improvements in IVEP, although their routine application remains constrained by limited throughput, standardization, and scalability. This review synthesizes current knowledge on both the <i>in vivo</i> mechanisms of sperm selection and emerging biomimetic techniques, particularly in cattle, where improving sperm selection remains a key challenge for IVEP efficiency.</p>","PeriodicalId":7889,"journal":{"name":"Animal Reproduction","volume":"23 4","pages":"e20260061"},"PeriodicalIF":2.3,"publicationDate":"2026-07-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13412149/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148618109","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Molecular and developmental consequences of heat stress on the bovine oocyte and embryo competence.","authors":"Ghyslaine Giselle Ramírez, Nico Graham Menjivar, Samuel Gebremedhn, Ahmed Gad, Eva Held-Hoelker, Michael Hoelker, Genet Zewdie, Dawit Tesfaye","doi":"10.1590/1984-3143-AR2026-0067","DOIUrl":"10.1590/1984-3143-AR2026-0067","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Seasonal heat stress (HS) is a pervasive environmental challenge with profound consequences for female reproductive physiology, affecting ovarian function, oocyte maturation, and early embryonic development. At the ovarian level, HS disrupts follicular growth, impairs steroidogenesis, and compromises granulosa cell function, thereby creating a suboptimal microenvironment that reduces oocyte competence. In oocytes, HS induces oxidative stress, mitochondrial dysfunction, endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress, spindle abnormalities, chromosomal missegregation, and persistent epigenetic alterations. These disruptions extend into early embryonic development, where redox imbalance, apoptosis, ER stress, and altered lineage allocation reduce cleavage and blastocyst formation, compromise trophectoderm and inner cell mass integrity, and impair implantation potential. Maternal heat exposure further exacerbates embryonic vulnerability by altering the oviductal and uterine environment, reducing embryotrophic factors and antioxidant defenses, and ultimately influencing offspring phenotype and fertility, potentially across generations. Accordingly, this review aims to synthesize current knowledge on the physiological and molecular impacts of heat stress on ovarian function, oocyte maturation, and early embryonic development. To this end, we consider studies conducted under both in vivo and in vitro conditions, highlighting shared and distinct mechanisms of thermal stress at the organ and cellular levels to identify potential targets for intervention.</p>","PeriodicalId":7889,"journal":{"name":"Animal Reproduction","volume":"23 4","pages":"e20260067"},"PeriodicalIF":2.3,"publicationDate":"2026-07-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13412142/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148618088","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Histological features of <i>Jaculus jaculus</i> male-reproductive system: detection of metalloproteinases in testes and seminal vesicles during the active-reproductive phase.","authors":"Nesrine Zeghloul, Nemcha Lebaili-Benmoussa, Mohamed El Fadel Ousmaal, Salim Lamine, Nesrine Lina Gharnaout, Sabrina Lekmine, Nassim Moula, Walid Elfalleh, Fehmi Boufahja, Hamdi Bendif, Hichem Tahraoui, Abdeltif Amrane","doi":"10.1590/1984-3143-AR2025-0117","DOIUrl":"10.1590/1984-3143-AR2025-0117","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Our study explored the histological and histo-functional characteristics of the testis and seminal vesicles of <i>Jaculus jaculus</i>, collected from the Biskra (34° 51' 0\" N 5° 43' 59.999\" E) and M'sila regions in Algeria (35°42'20.99\" N 4°32'30.98\" E) from autumn to early spring, corresponding to activity and transitional periods of the reproductive cycle. An immunohistochemical analysis of matrix metalloproteinases (MMP-2 and MMP-9) was conducted on the seminal vesicles and testes during the active reproductive. The study utilized an indirect immunohistochemistry protocol with amplification through streptavidin-biotin-peroxidase. Histologically, seminiferous tubules in <i>Jaculus jaculus</i>, captured during the transitional period of the reproductive cycle, multinucleated giant cells of germinal origin were observed during the transitional phase of the reproductive cycle, reflecting a process of seasonal testicular remodelling. The histological structure of seminal vesicles appears highly characteristic of the studied species, with the vesicular epithelium organized into complex acinar glands surrounded by basal lamina and connective tissue. Gland cells secrete a heterogeneous product. In the testis, cells of the seminiferous epithelium express MMP-2 and MMP-9 in their cytoplasm, with a strong expression of MMP-2; however, both proteins are absent from the extracellular matrix. During the active period, in seminal vesicles, a significant immunohistochemical signal of MMP-2 and MMP-9 was observed in epithelial cells, smooth muscle cells, with no immunoexpression in the extracellular matrix. MMP-2 and MMP-9 are expressed in a pattern consistent with a potential role in the seasonal reproductive cycle.</p>","PeriodicalId":7889,"journal":{"name":"Animal Reproduction","volume":"23 3","pages":"e20250117"},"PeriodicalIF":2.3,"publicationDate":"2026-07-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13412014/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148618032","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Cryopreservation of jaguar (<i>Panthera onca</i>) fibroblast-like cells in straws and cryovials: a comparison of rapid and slow-freezing protocols.","authors":"Sofia Regina Polizelle, Ian Figueiredo Navarezi, Maite Cardoso Coelho da Silva, Giulia Correia Vieira, Liandra Martiliano Gaeth, Larissa Schneider Brandão-Souza, Bianca Rodrigues Acacio, Pedro Nacib Jorge-Neto, Eliane Vianna da Costa E Silva, Thyara de Deco-Souza, Alexsandra Fernandes Pereira, Gediendson Ribeiro de Araujo","doi":"10.1590/1984-3143-AR2025-0096","DOIUrl":"10.1590/1984-3143-AR2025-0096","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Somatic cells serve as essential genetic resources for biobanking. Traditionally, jaguar fibroblast-like cells are frozen in cryovials using slow-freezing protocols. However, this approach necessitates access to ultra-low temperature freezers and requires substantial storage capacity. This study aimed to evaluate the efficacy of a rapid-freezing protocol as a feasible alternative for the freezing of jaguar fibroblasts. Following cultivation to the third passage, cells were frozen using either slow-freezing (SF) or rapid-freezing (RF). For SF, cells were frozen in cryovials (-1 ºC/min), whereas RF involved rapid-freezing (-60 ºC/min) using nitrogen vapor and storage in 0.25 mL straws. Post-thaw, cells were re-cultured to assess recovery. Cell viability was assessed via light microscopy (Trypan blue), fluorescence microscopy (acridine orange + propidium iodide), and flow cytometry (Hoechst 33342 + propidium iodide) immediately post-thaw and upon reaching confluency (> 80%). Fresh culture viability assessed by Trypan blue, acridine orange, and flow cytometry was 98.2 ± 0.3%, 88.7 ± 3.9%, and 94.2 ± 2.2%, respectively. No significant differences in viability were observed between SF and RF immediately post-thaw or after subsequent cultivation. All three assays revealed significant differences (<i>p</i> < 0.05) between cells assessed immediately after thawing and those assessed at confluence. Upon reaching confluence, there was no significant difference (<i>p</i> > 0.05) between fresh and frozen-thawed cells. These findings indicate that RF in straws is a viable alternative to SF for jaguar fibroblast cryopreservation, offering optimized storage density for genetic resource banks.</p>","PeriodicalId":7889,"journal":{"name":"Animal Reproduction","volume":"23 3","pages":"e20250096"},"PeriodicalIF":2.3,"publicationDate":"2026-07-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13412005/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148618081","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}