The European Physical Journal B最新文献

{"title":"How oscillations in SIRS epidemic models are affected by the distribution of immunity times","authors":"Daniel Henrik Nevermann,&nbsp;Claudius Gros","doi":"10.1140/epjb/s10051-024-00858-2","DOIUrl":"10.1140/epjb/s10051-024-00858-2","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Models for resident infectious diseases, like the SIRS model, may settle into an endemic state with constant numbers of susceptible (<i>S</i>), infected (<i>I</i>) and recovered (<i>R</i>) individuals, where recovered individuals attain a temporary immunity to reinfection. For many infectious pathogens, infection dynamics may also show periodic outbreaks corresponding to a limit cycle in phase space. One way to reproduce oscillations in SIRS models is to include a non-exponential dwell-time distribution in the recovered state. Here, we study a SIRS model with a step-function-like kernel for the immunity time, mapping out the model’s full phase diagram. Using the kernel series framework, we are able to identify the onset of periodic outbreaks when successively broadening the step-width. We further investigate the shape of the outbreaks, finding that broader steps cause more sinusoidal oscillations while more uniform immunity time distributions are related to sharper outbreaks occurring after extended periods of low infection activity. Our main results concern recovery distributions characterized by a single dominant timescale. We also consider recovery distributions with two timescales, which may be observed when two or more distinct recovery processes co-exist. Surprisingly, two qualitatively different limit cycles are found to be stable in this case, with only one of the two limit cycles emerging via a standard supercritical Hopf bifurcation.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":787,"journal":{"name":"The European Physical Journal B","volume":"98 2","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.6,"publicationDate":"2025-02-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://link.springer.com/content/pdf/10.1140/epjb/s10051-024-00858-2.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143107943","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"物理与天体物理","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Inverse temperature dependent energy diffusion in positive and negative temperature regimes for the 1d coupled rotator lattice with bounded kinetic energy","authors":"Hongbin Chen,&nbsp;Nianbei Li","doi":"10.1140/epjb/s10051-025-00866-w","DOIUrl":"10.1140/epjb/s10051-025-00866-w","url":null,"abstract":"<p>The negative temperature with Boltzmann description can be realized in Hamiltonian with bounded energy terms such as the 1d coupled rotator lattice with bounded kinetic energy. Normal heat conduction behavior has also been found for this 1d nonlinear lattice model. In this paper, we will systematically investigate the energy diffusion behavior for such 1d nonlinear lattice in both the positive and negative temperature regimes via equilibrium diffusion method. Normal energy diffusion is confirmed with Gaussian fitting and inverse temperature dependent energy diffusion constants are obtained over the whole temperature range.</p>","PeriodicalId":787,"journal":{"name":"The European Physical Journal B","volume":"98 2","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.6,"publicationDate":"2025-02-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143108238","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"物理与天体物理","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Effect of annealing temperature on structural, optical and electrical properties of CdO nanoparticles for lighting applications","authors":"Jaswanth Arcot,&nbsp;Kaleemulla Shaik","doi":"10.1140/epjb/s10051-025-00867-9","DOIUrl":"10.1140/epjb/s10051-025-00867-9","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Cadmium oxide (CdO) nanoparticles (NP) were prepared using mechanical milling and annealing. The CdO powders were grinded for 16 h using Agate mortar and Pestle and subjected to air annealing at 400 °C, 500 °C, 600 °C and 700 °C for one hour. The powder samples annealed at different temperatures were subjected to various characterization techniques such as XRD, UV–Vis-NIR spectroscopy, FT-IR spectroscopy, Raman spectroscopy, photoluminescence spectrophotometer and electrical measurements. The XRD results confirmed the polycrystalline cubic structure of the CdO nanoparticles. Rietveld analysis from XRD revealed the structural formation of CdO nanoparticles. The crystallite size decreased from 33 to 24 nm with an increase in annealing temperature. The chemical bonds in FT-IR spectra confirmed the formation of CdO nanoparticles. Raman spectra of the CdO nanparticles were recorded at room temperature and observed two distinct peaks at 269 cm⁻¹ and 956 cm⁻¹. Optical absorbance and reflectance spectra were recorded using UV–Vis-NIR spectrophotometer and the optical band gap of the nanoparticles were calculated using Tauc’s relation and Cody’ method. A decrease in the band gap was observed in both methods. The PL spectra of the CdO nanoparticles were recorded at room temperature with an excitation wavelength of 380 nm and observed emission peaks at 423 nm, 485 nm, 532 nm, and 606 nm. The electrical resistivity of the CdO nanoparticles was studied using two-probe method using the Keithley source meter and observed decrease in resistivity with annealing temperature.</p><h3>Graphical abstract</h3>\u0000<div><figure><div><div><picture><source><img></source></picture></div></div></figure></div></div>","PeriodicalId":787,"journal":{"name":"The European Physical Journal B","volume":"98 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.6,"publicationDate":"2025-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143107989","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"物理与天体物理","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Thermodynamic parameters and phonon stability of CdX (X = Te, Se, S): a comparative study","authors":"Zalak S. Kachhia,&nbsp;Sunil H. Chaki,&nbsp;Sefali R. Patel,&nbsp;Jiten P. Tailor,&nbsp;Mitesh B. Solanki,&nbsp;Millind. P. Deshpande","doi":"10.1140/epjb/s10051-025-00870-0","DOIUrl":"10.1140/epjb/s10051-025-00870-0","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>This study offers a comprehensive exploration of the thermal characteristics of cadmium chalcogenide (CdX, X = Te, Se, S) compounds. The CdXs are synthesized by mixing high purity precursor elements at elevated temperature under vacuum. The crystalline phases of the samples are investigated through X-ray diffraction (XRD) analysis. The XRD revealed that CdTe exhibits cubic, while CdSe and CdS possess a hexagonal crystalline phase. The thermal properties of CdTe, CdSe, and CdS compounds are determined from the acquired thermogravimetric (TG) and differential thermogravimetric (DTG) analysis. The TG and DTG curves are synchronously acquired for heating rate of 5 K·min⁻¹ in an inert nitrogen atmosphere, for temperature range of ambient to 1248 K. The results of TG analysis reveal that CdTe remains stable up to 965 K, whereas CdSe and CdS exhibit stability beyond 965 K upto 1125 K. The solitary peak in DTG analysis for each samples evident degradation of the samples in one step. The thermal degradation kinetics of all samples is assessed through the application of non-isoconversional Broido, Coats–Redfern, and Piloyan–Novikova relations. The findings from the kinetic parameters corroborate the observed trends in the thermocurves. The outcomes suggest that CdTe undergoes more pronounced weight loss with degradation initiated earlier than CdS and CdSe. The experimental findings about the thermal stability of CdX compounds are reinforced through theoretical investigation into phonon dynamics employing DFT simulations, offering requisite insights into their thermal behaviour.</p><h3>Graphical abstract</h3>\u0000<div><figure><div><div><picture><source><img></source></picture></div></div></figure></div></div>","PeriodicalId":787,"journal":{"name":"The European Physical Journal B","volume":"98 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.6,"publicationDate":"2025-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143107990","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"物理与天体物理","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Electronic structure and optical property of Cd(_{2-x})Y(_{x})SnO4 using the first-principles calculation","authors":"Mei Tang,&nbsp;Cuilian Wen","doi":"10.1140/epjb/s10051-025-00868-8","DOIUrl":"10.1140/epjb/s10051-025-00868-8","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>The electronic structure and optical properties of Cd_2-<i>x</i>Y_<i>x</i>SnO₄ are studied using the first-principle calculation within the generalized-gradient approximation and the Coulomb repulsion effect. Three defect models are constructed by Y atom occupying Cd sites. The energy band shows that the 4d electrons of Y atom mainly affect the bottom of conduction band. The density of state reveals that the 4d state of Y atom hybridizes with the O 2p and Cd 5s states at the bottom of conduction band. With the increment of the substitution numbers, Y 4d states increases gradually to enhance the hybrid intensity. The average effective mass of Cd_1.875Y_0.125SnO₄ model attains 0.352<i>m</i>₀, which is lower than 0.484<i>m</i>₀ of Cd₂SnO₄. It indicates that the conductivity of Cd₂SnO₄ is improved by Y occupying Cd site. Moreover, the absorption edges of Cd_1.9375Y_0.0625SnO₄ and Cd_1.875Y_0.125SnO₄ models blueshift to induce optical transmittance reaching about 90% in the visible light region. Therefore, Cd_1.875Y_0.125SnO₄ can be applied to prepare a short wavelength optical device in future.</p><h3>Graphical abstract</h3><p>As the substitution concentration increases, both the conduction band and the valence band move to the low energy direction. The band gap value of Cd_1.9375Y_0.0625SnO₄ is 2.19 eV, which is the closest to the band gap value of Cd₂SnO₄. The band gap value decreases slightly with increasing substitution concentration of Y at Cd site. Compared with the effective mass <i>m</i>* of Cd₂SnO₄, the effective mass <i>m</i>* decreases after the entry of Y atoms. It indicates that Y atoms substitution has a certain improvement for the conductivity of Cd₂SnO₄. The transmittance of Cd_1.9375Y_0.0625SnO₄ and Cd_1.875Y_0.125SnO₄ models can attain 90%, which is somewhat higher than that of Cd₂SnO₄.</p>\u0000<div><figure><div><div><picture><source><img></source></picture></div></div></figure></div></div>","PeriodicalId":787,"journal":{"name":"The European Physical Journal B","volume":"98 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.6,"publicationDate":"2025-01-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143109890","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"物理与天体物理","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"First-principles calculations to investigate thermal and optical response properties of CdSe(_{x})Te(_{1-x}) alloys","authors":"D. A. Adem,&nbsp;T. E. Ada,&nbsp;K. N. Nigussa","doi":"10.1140/epjb/s10051-025-00862-0","DOIUrl":"10.1140/epjb/s10051-025-00862-0","url":null,"abstract":"<p>This study investigates the structural, electronic, thermal, and optical properties of the zinc blende CdSe<span>(_{x})</span>Te<span>(_{1-x})</span> alloy systems (where x = 0.0, 0.25, 0.50, 0.75, and 1.0 using first-principles density functional theory (DFT) calculations. To analyze the electronic structure and related properties, we employed the full-potential linear-augmented plane wave (FP-LAPW) method, utilizing the generalized gradient approximation (GGA) with the Perdew–Burke–Ernzerhof (PBE) functional and Hubbard correction (U). To understand the thermodynamical properties of these alloys, we performed quasi-harmonic lattice dynamics calculations considering phonon-phonon interactions. This approach enabled us to compute phonon group velocities, phonon lifetimes, and lattice thermal conductivity. The findings are compared with relevant previous theoretical and experimental studies, and, thus, provide valuable insights into the structural, electronic, thermal, and optical characteristics of CdSe<span>(_{x})</span>Te<span>(_{1-x})</span> alloys. Our study reveals that the CdSe<span>(_{0.5})</span>Te<span>(_{0.5})</span> ternary alloy has a potential as a better promising candidate for dual energy conversion applications by behaving as a photovoltaic as well as thermoelectric material.</p>","PeriodicalId":787,"journal":{"name":"The European Physical Journal B","volume":"98 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.6,"publicationDate":"2025-01-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143109624","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"物理与天体物理","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Green anti-solvent modulation of the growth of binary FAXMA1-X tin-based perovskite and their photovoltaic properties","authors":"Longtao Deng,&nbsp;Linfeng He,&nbsp;Xinyao Chen,&nbsp;Jin Cheng,&nbsp;Chunqian Zhang,&nbsp;Zhenjun Li,&nbsp;Junming Li","doi":"10.1140/epjb/s10051-025-00871-z","DOIUrl":"10.1140/epjb/s10051-025-00871-z","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Tin-based perovskite represents a highly promising alternative to lead-based perovskite, offering a number of significant advantages. These include non-toxicity, high absorbance, and excellent photovoltaic properties. The use of the toxic anti-solvent chlorobenzene (CBZ) in the preparation of tin-based perovskite thin films has the dual disadvantage of increasing the environmental hazards and the cost of subsequent treatment. The use of acetic acid (HAc) as a green anti-solvent has been demonstrated to effectively regulate the crystallization process of tin-based perovskite FASnI₃, resulting in the preparation of perovskite films of superior quality. To further enhance the performance of tin-based perovskite, Zhao et al., organic cation mixing was used to add MAI to the FASnI₃ system and optimize the ratio, resulting in an optimal ratio of FA (0.75) MA (0.25) (FA = NH₂CH = NH₂⁺, MA = CH₃NH₃⁺) (Zhao et al. Adv Sci 4(11):1700204, 2024). In this study, we choose the crystallization process during the preparation of binary FA_0.75MA_0.25SnI₃ perovskite using a green anti-solvent HAc. The findings demonstrated that HAc was capable of influencing the crystallization of binary tin-based perovskite, facilitating the formation of perovskite films with minimal pinholes and enhanced uniformity and crystallinity. Additionally, the resulting perovskite exhibits a band gap of 1.35 eV, which is in close alignment with the predicted ideal band gap as postulated by Schottky's theory. Furthermore, it displays enhanced hydrophobic properties. In the binary perovskite photovoltaic device prepared using the anti-solvent HAc, the maximum device efficiency reached 3.62%. The findings of this study will contribute to the understanding of the crystallization process of diverse perovskite materials in the presence of a green anti-solvent.</p><h3>Graphical Abstract</h3>\u0000<div><figure><div><div><picture><source><img></source></picture></div></div></figure></div></div>","PeriodicalId":787,"journal":{"name":"The European Physical Journal B","volume":"98 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.6,"publicationDate":"2025-01-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143109621","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"物理与天体物理","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"First-principles study of the electronic structure of 2 H-, 3C-, 4 H-, and 6 H-silicon carbide under strain","authors":"Shuchao Zhang,&nbsp;Changhai Shi,&nbsp;Bangzhao Wang,&nbsp;Zichen Zhang","doi":"10.1140/epjb/s10051-025-00863-z","DOIUrl":"10.1140/epjb/s10051-025-00863-z","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Numerous silicon carbide (SiC) polymorphs are wide-bandgap (BG) and low carrier concentration semiconductors, which have been extensively applied in high-temperature, frequency, power, and voltage electronic and optoelectronic devices. Comprehensively understanding the electronic structure of SiC is of practical significance and an indispensable necessity. In this work, the first-principles calculation based on density functional theory is applied to probe the electronic structures of polymorphs (2 H-, 3C-, 4 H-, and 6 H-) SiC under compressive and tensile strains (<span>(epsilon )</span>). The mechanical properties of 2 H-, 4 H-, and 6 H-SiC exhibit very analogous characteristics: the BGs shrinking with the compressive strain rising; it increasing initially following by decreasing when stretch applied along the [100]-direction. If stretching along the [001]-direction, however, the BGs of 2 H-SiC shows a maximum value at <span>(epsilon =0.03)</span>. The BGs of 4 H-SiC and 6 H-SiC diminish if amplify tensile strain along the [001]-direction. In the case of 3C-SiC, the BGs shrinkages along with the compressing strain intensifying and vanishes finally at <span>(epsilon =0.1)</span> in the [001] and [110]-directions, and in both [001] and [110]-directions the evolution is almost identical and changing linearly. In contrast, the BGs decreases much faster along the [110]-direction compared to the [001]-direction under tensile strain, that disappearing as <span>(epsilon =0.12)</span> in the [110]-direction and <span>(epsilon =0.29)</span> in the [001]-direction. We discuss in detail the mechanical properties and electronic structures evolutions under the strain of 2 H-, 4 H-, 3C-, and 6 H-SiC and expose that have the gigantic potential for practical and research value in valleytronics.</p>","PeriodicalId":787,"journal":{"name":"The European Physical Journal B","volume":"98 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.6,"publicationDate":"2025-01-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143109767","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"物理与天体物理","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Theoretical investigation of electronic and magnetic properties in low-dimensional spin (frac{1}{2}) compounds: (hbox {CuInO}(hbox {XO}_{4})) (X = P, V)","authors":"Dilruba Khanam,&nbsp;Asif Iqbal,&nbsp;Badiur Rahaman","doi":"10.1140/epjb/s10051-025-00861-1","DOIUrl":"10.1140/epjb/s10051-025-00861-1","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>This paper presents a comparative study of low-dimensional spin <span>(frac{1}{2})</span> compounds, CuInO<span>((hbox {PO}_{4}))</span> and CuInO<span>((hbox {VO}_{4}))</span>, utilizing first-principles density functional theory within the generalized gradient approximation for exchange-correlation functionals. The primary objective is to investigate the electronic and magnetic properties of these compounds, emphasizing the superexchange interactions between the magnetic ions and deriving the underlying spin models. The dominant magnetic interaction J1 = 9.89 meV which is antiferromagnetic for CuInO<span>((hbox {PO}_{4}))</span> whereas J1 = 22.8 meV and J2 = 7.7 meV which are also antiferromagnetic in nature for CuInO<span>((hbox {VO}_{4}))</span>. This analysis reveals distinct magnetic structures i.e CuInO<span>((hbox {PO}_{4}))</span> features an interacting spin <span>(frac{1}{2})</span> antiferromagnetic chain, while CuInO<span>((hbox {VO}_{4}))</span> exhibits an interacting spin <span>(frac{1}{2})</span> antiferromagnetic tetramer. The magnetic behavior of both materials is primarily governed by dominant antiferromagnetic interactions J1 though the presence of sizable interactions J2 and J4 in the CuInO<span>((hbox {VO}_{4}))</span> compound make the difference in the magnetic structure. The obtained results contribute to a deeper understanding of these materials’ microscopic properties.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":787,"journal":{"name":"The European Physical Journal B","volume":"98 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.6,"publicationDate":"2025-01-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143109375","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"物理与天体物理","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Theoretical study on superconductivity of metal-intercalated boron carbon compounds","authors":"Ya-Ping Li,&nbsp;Ying-Jie Chen,&nbsp;Meng-Meng Zheng","doi":"10.1140/epjb/s10051-024-00860-8","DOIUrl":"10.1140/epjb/s10051-024-00860-8","url":null,"abstract":"<p>In recent years, two-dimensional (2D) superconducting materials have garnered significant interest due to their unique properties and potential applications. Here, we conducted thermodynamic and dynamic stability studies on 51 metal-intercalated hexagonal boron carbon (<i>h</i>-BC) compounds, and ultimately identified 22 stable compounds. Among these 22 compounds, 18 materials are metals, while the remaining 4 materials include 1 semiconductor (<span>(hbox {MgB}_{2}hbox {C}_{2})</span>) and 3 semimetals (<span>(hbox {TiB}_{2}hbox {C}_{2})</span>, <span>(hbox {ZrB}_{2}hbox {C}_{2})</span>, and <span>(hbox {HfB}_{2}hbox {C}_{2})</span>). The possible superconductivity of eighteen metals is studied by solving the Allen–Dynes modified McMillan equation to estimate their superconducting transition temperature (<span>(T_{c})</span>). The highest <span>(T_{c})</span> is observed in <span>(hbox {KB}_{2}hbox {C}_{2})</span> (<span>(T_{c})</span> = 53.47 K), followed by <span>(hbox {NaB}_{2}hbox {C}_{2})</span> (<span>(T_{c})</span> = 48.30 K), while the lowest <span>(T_{c})</span> is in <span>(hbox {AlB}_{2}hbox {C}_{2})</span> (<span>(T_{c})</span> = 0.04 K). Due to the high <span>(T_{c})</span> of alkali metal intercalation compounds, this work mainly focuses on them. For alkali metal intercalation compounds, we found that the <span>(T_{c})</span> rises with the increase of the main group atomic number, mainly due to the degree of metalization of the <span>(sigma )</span>-bonding band at the Fermi level. Another important reason is the softening of the phonon spectrum. These findings enrich the family of 2D superconductors, providing new theoretical insights for experimental synthesis and opening research ideas for 2D superconducting electronic devices.</p>","PeriodicalId":787,"journal":{"name":"The European Physical Journal B","volume":"98 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.6,"publicationDate":"2025-01-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143109380","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"物理与天体物理","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}