Animal Cognition最新文献_第3页

The problem with two-event sequence learning by pigeons 鸽子的双事件序列学习问题。

IF 1.9 2区生物学

Animal Cognition Pub Date : 2024-10-03 DOI: 10.1007/s10071-024-01906-1

Thomas R. Zentall, Daniel N. Peng

{"title":"The problem with two-event sequence learning by pigeons","authors":"Thomas R. Zentall, Daniel N. Peng","doi":"10.1007/s10071-024-01906-1","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s10071-024-01906-1","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Bonobos appear to show little evidence of learning to make one response (R1) to an AB sequence and a different response (R2) to sequences BB, AA, and BA (Lind et al. PLoS ONE 18(9):e0290546, 2023), yet under different conditions, pigeons can learn this (Weisman et al. Exp Psychol Anim Behav Process 6(4):312, 1980). Aspects of the bonobo procedure may have contributed to this failure. Most important, no response was required in the presence of the stimuli to encourage attention to them. Furthermore, learning to make one response to the target sequence and another to the other sequences involves a bias that allows for better than chance responding. With the two-alternative forced-choice procedure used with the bonobos, the R1 response is correct for one sequence, whereas the R2 response is correct for three sequences. To correct for this, there are three times as many AB trials as each of the other sequences. However, this correction allows a bias to develop in which reinforcement often can be obtained by using only the last stimulus seen as the basis of choice (e.g., when the last stimulus is B respond R1 when the last stimulus is A respond R2). This solution yields reinforcement on five out of six, or 83%, of the trials. In the present experiment with pigeons, using this two-alternative forced choice procedure, most subjects tended to base their choice on the last-seen stimulus. This design allowed subjects to use a suboptimal but relatively effective choice strategy.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":7879,"journal":{"name":"Animal Cognition","volume":"27 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2024-10-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11450055/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142364032","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Idiosyncratic gesture use in a mother-infant dyad in chimpanzees (Pan troglodytes schweinfurthii) in the wild 野外黑猩猩（Pan troglodytes schweinfurthii）在母婴关系中的手势使用。

IF 1.9 2区生物学

Animal Cognition Pub Date : 2024-10-03 DOI: 10.1007/s10071-024-01904-3

Bas van Boekholt, Isabelle Clark, Nicole J. Lahiff, Kevin C. Lee, Katie E. Slocombe, Claudia Wilke, Simone Pika

{"title":"Idiosyncratic gesture use in a mother-infant dyad in chimpanzees (Pan troglodytes schweinfurthii) in the wild","authors":"Bas van Boekholt, Isabelle Clark, Nicole J. Lahiff, Kevin C. Lee, Katie E. Slocombe, Claudia Wilke, Simone Pika","doi":"10.1007/s10071-024-01904-3","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s10071-024-01904-3","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>One promising method to tackle the question, “In which modality did language evolve?” is by studying the ontogenetic trajectory of signals in human’s closest living relatives, including chimpanzees (<i>Pan troglodytes)</i>. Concerning gestures, current debates centre on four different hypotheses: “<i>phylogenetic ritualization</i>”, “<i>social transmission through imitation</i>”, “<i>ontogenetic ritualization</i>”, and “<i>social negotiation</i>”. These differ in their predictions regarding idiosyncratic gestures, making such occurrences a crucial area of investigation. Here, we describe a novel and potential idiosyncratic behaviour — ‘hand-on-eye’ — which was initially observed in one mother-infant dyad in a community of chimpanzees living in the wild. We systematically investigated the form, sequential organisation, intentionality, usage, function, and distribution of the behaviour over a five-year period. The results showed that ‘hand-on-eye’ was nearly exclusively deployed in a single mother-infant dyad, was accompanied by hallmarks of intentionality, and served to initiate or resume joint dorsal travel. Although the behaviour was observed once in each of three other mother-infant dyads, these lacked the same frequency and hallmarks of intentionality. ‘Hand-on-eye’ thus qualifies as an idiosyncratic gesture. The proposed developmental pathway gives support to both the “<i>ontogenetic ritualization</i>” and “<i>social negotiation</i>” hypotheses. It also stresses the crucial need for longitudinal approaches to tackle developmental processes that are triggered by unique circumstances and unfold over relatively long time windows.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":7879,"journal":{"name":"Animal Cognition","volume":"27 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2024-10-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11450076/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142370786","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

From small to tall: breed-varied household pet dogs can be trained to detect Parkinson’s Disease 从小到大：可以训练不同品种的家养宠物狗来检测帕金森病。

IF 1.9 2区生物学

Animal Cognition Pub Date : 2024-10-01 DOI: 10.1007/s10071-024-01902-5

Lisa Holt, Samuel V. Johnston

{"title":"From small to tall: breed-varied household pet dogs can be trained to detect Parkinson’s Disease","authors":"Lisa Holt, Samuel V. Johnston","doi":"10.1007/s10071-024-01902-5","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s10071-024-01902-5","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Parkinson’s Disease (PD) is a clinically diagnosed disease that carries a reported misdiagnosis rate of 10–20%. Recent scientific discoveries have provided evidence of volatile organic compounds in sebum that are unique to patients with PD. The primary objective of this study was to determine if companion dogs could be trained to distinguish between sebum samples provided by PD-positive patients and PD-negative human controls. This was a randomized, handler-blind, controlled study. Twenty-three canines of varying breeds, ages, and environmental backgrounds were included. The study period encompassed 200 total working days from 2021 to 2022. Factors investigated included donor gender and levodopa drug affectivity, as well as canine breed, age, and duration of training time. The findings in this study were compiled from data collected during the final two years of a seven-year research program. For this two-year reporting period, when averaged as a group, the 23 dogs were 89% sensitive and 87% specific to olfactory distinction between PD-positive and PD-negative human donor samples. Ten of the twenty-three dogs averaged 90% or higher in both sensitivity and specificity. In 161 separate trials, a dog was presented with both novel PD-positive and PD-negative samples. For these novel exposures, the dogs collectively averaged 86% sensitivity and 89% specificity. PD medication was also investigated and was found to have no discernible impact on canine sensitivity or specificity results. Study findings support the application of companion dogs, trained with force-free, reward-based methodologies, for the detection of PD-positive and PD-negative samples under controlled conditions.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":7879,"journal":{"name":"Animal Cognition","volume":"27 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2024-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11445332/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142339536","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Evidence for the communicative function of human-directed gazing in 6- to 7-week-old dog puppies 6-7周大的幼犬在人类引导下凝视的交流功能证据。

IF 1.9 2区生物学

Animal Cognition Pub Date : 2024-09-23 DOI: 10.1007/s10071-024-01898-y

Stefanie Riemer, Alina Bonorand, Lisa Stolzlechner

{"title":"Evidence for the communicative function of human-directed gazing in 6- to 7-week-old dog puppies","authors":"Stefanie Riemer, Alina Bonorand, Lisa Stolzlechner","doi":"10.1007/s10071-024-01898-y","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s10071-024-01898-y","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>In human infants, the ability to show gaze alternations between an object of interest and another individual is considered fundamental to the development of complex social-cognitive abilities. Here we show that well-socialised dog puppies show gaze alternations in two contexts at an early age, 6–7 weeks. Thus, 69.4% of puppies in a novel object test and 45.59% of puppies during an unsolvable task alternated their gaze at least once between a person’s face and the object. In both contexts, the frequency of gaze alternations was positively correlated with the duration of whimpering, supporting the communicative nature of puppies’ gazing. Furthermore, the number of gaze alternations in the two contexts was correlated, indicating an underlying propensity for gazing at humans despite likely different motivations in the two contexts. Similar to humans, and unlike great apes or wolves, domestic dogs show gaze alternations from an early age if they are well-socialised. They appear to have a genetic preparedness to communicate with humans via gaze alternations early in ontogeny, but they may need close contact with humans for this ability to emerge, highlighting the interactive effects of domestication and environmental factors on behavioural development in dogs.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":7879,"journal":{"name":"Animal Cognition","volume":"27 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2024-09-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11420273/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142279385","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Dogs distinguish authentic human emotions without being empathic 狗狗能分辨人类的真实情感，但不会产生共鸣。

IF 1.9 2区生物学

Animal Cognition Pub Date : 2024-09-21 DOI: 10.1007/s10071-024-01899-x

Juliane Bräuer, Dorothea Eichentopf, Nomi Gebele, Louise Jandke, Veronique Mann, Katharina Schulte, Yana Bender

{"title":"Dogs distinguish authentic human emotions without being empathic","authors":"Juliane Bräuer, Dorothea Eichentopf, Nomi Gebele, Louise Jandke, Veronique Mann, Katharina Schulte, Yana Bender","doi":"10.1007/s10071-024-01899-x","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s10071-024-01899-x","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Several recent studies have investigated how dogs perceive human emotional expressions. They have measured the reactions of dogs when exposed to stimuli presented in different modalities, such as photographs, audio recordings or odor samples, or to humans simulating various emotional situations. In the current study, dog owners were manipulated to genuinely experience emotions of happiness, sadness, and neutrality. We measured how dogs responded to their owners’ authentic emotions in two different natural situations: induction of the emotion through a video clip and training of a new task. Through a detailed analysis of dog behavior in these naturalistic settings, we investigated whether dogs show behavioral responses to genuine human emotions. We found that dogs behaved differently depending on the owner’s emotional state: they gazed and jumped less at owners when they were sad, and their compliance with the ‘sit’ command was also diminished. When owners were happy, dogs performed better in the trained task. These results are discussed in light of how dogs perceive human emotional expressions and the adaptive value of this skill.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":7879,"journal":{"name":"Animal Cognition","volume":"27 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2024-09-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11416375/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142279384","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Cross-population variation in usage of a call combination: evidence of signal usage flexibility in wild bonobos 呼叫组合使用的跨种群变异：野生倭黑猩猩信号使用灵活性的证据。

IF 1.9 2区生物学

Animal Cognition Pub Date : 2024-08-30 DOI: 10.1007/s10071-024-01884-4

Isaac Schamberg, Martin Surbeck, Simon W. Townsend

引用次数: 0

Correction to: Welldeveloped spatial reversal learning abilities in harbor seals (Phoca vitulina) Correction to：港海豹发育成熟的空间逆向学习能力：期号 : 25_5_Issue.

IF 1.9 2区生物学

Animal Cognition Pub Date : 2024-08-30 DOI: 10.1007/s10071-024-01893-3

Benedikt Niesterok, Shanie Martin, Lisa Hildebrand, Guido Dehnhardt, Frederike D. Hanke

引用次数: 0

Surfacing of Latent Time Memories Supports the Representational Basis of Timing Behavior in Mice 潜伏时间记忆的浮现支持小鼠计时行为的表征基础

IF 1.9 2区生物学

Animal Cognition Pub Date : 2024-08-29 DOI: 10.1007/s10071-024-01889-z

Tutku Öztel, Fuat Balcı

{"title":"Surfacing of Latent Time Memories Supports the Representational Basis of Timing Behavior in Mice","authors":"Tutku Öztel, Fuat Balcı","doi":"10.1007/s10071-024-01889-z","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s10071-024-01889-z","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Animals can adapt their reward expectancy to changes in delays to reward availability. When temporal relations are altered, associative models of interval timing predict that the original time memory is lost due to the updating of the underlying associative weights, whereas the representational models render the preservation of the original time memory (as previously demonstrated in the extinction of conditioned fear). The current study presents the critical test of these theoretical accounts by training mice with two different intervals in a consecutive fashion (short → long or long → short) and then testing timing behaviors during extinction where neither temporal relation is in effect. Mice that were trained with the long interval first clustered their anticipatory responses around the average of two intervals (indirect higher-order manifestation of two memories in the form of temporal averaging), whereas mice trained with the short interval first clustered their responses either around the short or long interval (direct manifestation of memory representations by their independent indexing). We assert that the original memory representation formed during training with the long interval “metrically affords” the integration of subsequent experiences with a shorter interval, allowing their co-activation during extinction. The original memory representation formed during training with the short interval would not metrically afford such integration and thus result in the formation of a new (mutually exclusive) time memory representation, which does not afford their co-activation during extinction. Our results provide strong support for the representational account of interval timing. We provide a new theoretical account of these findings based on the “metric affordances” of the original memory representation formed during training with the original intervals.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":7879,"journal":{"name":"Animal Cognition","volume":"27 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2024-08-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11362479/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142103707","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Serial visual reversal learning in captive black-handed spider monkeys, Ateles geoffroyi 人工饲养的黑手蜘蛛猴（Ateles geoffroyi）的序列视觉反转学习。

IF 1.9 2区生物学

Animal Cognition Pub Date : 2024-08-13 DOI: 10.1007/s10071-024-01897-z

Jules Dorschner, Laura Teresa Hernandez Salazar, Matthias Laska

{"title":"Serial visual reversal learning in captive black-handed spider monkeys, Ateles geoffroyi","authors":"Jules Dorschner, Laura Teresa Hernandez Salazar, Matthias Laska","doi":"10.1007/s10071-024-01897-z","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s10071-024-01897-z","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Recent research suggests that socio-ecological factors such as dietary specialization and social complexity may be drivers of advanced cognitive skills among primates. Therefore, we assessed the ability of 12 black-handed spider monkeys (<i>Ateles geoffroyi</i>), a highly frugivorous platyrrhine primate with strong fission-fusion dynamics, to succeed in a serial visual reversal learning task. Using a two-alternative choice paradigm we first trained the animals to reliably choose a rewarded visual stimulus over a non-rewarded one. Upon reaching a pre-set learning criterion we then switched the reward values of the two stimuli and assessed if and how quickly the animals learned to reverse their choices, again to a pre-set learning criterion. This stimulus reversal procedure was then continued for a total of 80 sessions of 10 trials each. We found that the spider monkeys quickly learned to reliably discriminate between two simultaneously presented visual stimuli, that they succeeded in a visual reversal learning task, and that they displayed an increase in learning speed across consecutive reversals, suggesting that they are capable of serial reversal learning-set formation with visual cues. The fastest-learning individual completed five reversals within the 80 sessions. The spider monkeys outperformed most other primate and nonprimate mammal species tested so far on this type of cognitive task, including chimpanzees, with regard to their learning speed in both the initial learning task and in the first reversal task, suggesting a high degree of behavioral flexibility and inhibitory control. Our findings support the notion that socio-ecological factors such as dietary specialization and social complexity foster advanced cognitive skills in primates.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":7879,"journal":{"name":"Animal Cognition","volume":"27 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2024-08-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11322210/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141970494","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Sex-specific discrimination of familiar and unfamiliar mates in the Tokay gecko 托卡伊壁虎对熟悉和不熟悉配偶的性别鉴别。

IF 1.9 2区生物学

Animal Cognition Pub Date : 2024-08-07 DOI: 10.1007/s10071-024-01896-0

Marie-Ornélia Verger, Maëlle Devillebichot, Eva Ringler, Birgit Szabo

{"title":"Sex-specific discrimination of familiar and unfamiliar mates in the Tokay gecko","authors":"Marie-Ornélia Verger, Maëlle Devillebichot, Eva Ringler, Birgit Szabo","doi":"10.1007/s10071-024-01896-0","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s10071-024-01896-0","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Social animals need to keep track of other individuals in their group to be able to adjust their behaviour accordingly and facilitate group cohesion. This recognition ability varies across species and is influenced by cognitive capacities such as learning and memory. In reptiles, particularly Squamates (lizards, snakes, and worm lizards), chemical communication is pivotal for territoriality, reproduction, and other social interactions. However, the cognitive processes underlying these social interactions remain understudied. In our study, we examined the ability of male and female Tokay geckos (<i>Gekko gecko</i>) to chemically differentiate familiar and unfamiliar mating partners. Our findings suggest that both sexes can make this distinction, with males responding more to the odour of a familiar mate, and females responding more to unfamiliar mates. The lizards maintained their discriminatory abilities for two to three weeks but not up to six weeks after separation. This research highlights the efficacy of using odours as social stimuli for investigating social cognition in lizards, a promising avenue to better understand social cognition in these animals.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":7879,"journal":{"name":"Animal Cognition","volume":"27 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2024-08-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11306719/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141896562","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0