Animal Cognition最新文献_第2页

Effect of pre-session discrimination training on performance in a judgement bias test in dogs 会前辨别力训练对狗的判断偏差测试成绩的影响

IF 1.9 2区生物学

Animal Cognition Pub Date : 2024-10-12 DOI: 10.1007/s10071-024-01905-2

Joseph Krahn, Amin Azadian, Camila Cavalli, Julia Miller, Alexandra Protopopova

{"title":"Effect of pre-session discrimination training on performance in a judgement bias test in dogs","authors":"Joseph Krahn, Amin Azadian, Camila Cavalli, Julia Miller, Alexandra Protopopova","doi":"10.1007/s10071-024-01905-2","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s10071-024-01905-2","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Spatial judgement bias tests (JBTs) can involve teaching animals that a bowl provides a reward in one location but does not in another. The animal is then presented with the bowl placed between the rewarded and the unrewarded locations (i.e., ambiguous locations) and their latency to approach reflects expectation of reward or ‘optimism’. Some suggest that greater ‘optimism’ indicates better welfare. Performance in JBTs, however, may also indicate a learning history independently from welfare determinants. We hypothesized that dogs’ ‘optimism’ in a follow-up JBT may be impacted by a learning treatment involving additional trials of a different discrimination task. Once enrolled, companion dogs (<i>n</i> = 16) were required to complete three study phases: (1) a pre-treatment JBT, (2) a learning treatment, and (3) a post-treatment JBT. During the JBTs, dogs were presented with five locations: one rewarded, one unrewarded, and three ambiguous (all unrewarded). Dogs were randomly assigned to a trial-based learning task—a nose-touch to the palm of the hand. In the Experimental discrimination treatment phase (<i>n</i> = 8), dogs were presented with two hands in each trial and only rewarded for touching one specific hand. In the Control treatment phase (<i>n</i> = 8), dogs were presented with one hand per trial in alternating sequence and were yoked to dogs in the Experimental group to receive the same number of rewarded and unrewarded trials (to control for possible frustration). Using a repeated measures mixed model with JBT repeated within dog, we found no difference in the change in approach latency to the ambiguous locations between the dogs across treatments. ‘Optimism’ as measured in this JBT was not altered by the additional discrimination trials used in our study.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":7879,"journal":{"name":"Animal Cognition","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2024-10-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://link.springer.com/content/pdf/10.1007/s10071-024-01905-2.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142411508","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Correction to: Are lateralized and bold fish optimistic or pessimistic? 更正：横向大胆的鱼是乐观还是悲观？

IF 1.9 2区生物学

Animal Cognition Pub Date : 2024-10-08 DOI: 10.1007/s10071-024-01894-2

Flavia Berlinghieri, Gabriele Rizzuto, Lara Kruizinga, Bernd Riedstra, Ton G. G. Groothuis, Culum Brown

引用次数: 0

The problem with two-event sequence learning by pigeons 鸽子的双事件序列学习问题。

IF 1.9 2区生物学

Animal Cognition Pub Date : 2024-10-03 DOI: 10.1007/s10071-024-01906-1

Thomas R. Zentall, Daniel N. Peng

{"title":"The problem with two-event sequence learning by pigeons","authors":"Thomas R. Zentall, Daniel N. Peng","doi":"10.1007/s10071-024-01906-1","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s10071-024-01906-1","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Bonobos appear to show little evidence of learning to make one response (R1) to an AB sequence and a different response (R2) to sequences BB, AA, and BA (Lind et al. PLoS ONE 18(9):e0290546, 2023), yet under different conditions, pigeons can learn this (Weisman et al. Exp Psychol Anim Behav Process 6(4):312, 1980). Aspects of the bonobo procedure may have contributed to this failure. Most important, no response was required in the presence of the stimuli to encourage attention to them. Furthermore, learning to make one response to the target sequence and another to the other sequences involves a bias that allows for better than chance responding. With the two-alternative forced-choice procedure used with the bonobos, the R1 response is correct for one sequence, whereas the R2 response is correct for three sequences. To correct for this, there are three times as many AB trials as each of the other sequences. However, this correction allows a bias to develop in which reinforcement often can be obtained by using only the last stimulus seen as the basis of choice (e.g., when the last stimulus is B respond R1 when the last stimulus is A respond R2). This solution yields reinforcement on five out of six, or 83%, of the trials. In the present experiment with pigeons, using this two-alternative forced choice procedure, most subjects tended to base their choice on the last-seen stimulus. This design allowed subjects to use a suboptimal but relatively effective choice strategy.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":7879,"journal":{"name":"Animal Cognition","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2024-10-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11450055/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142364032","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Idiosyncratic gesture use in a mother-infant dyad in chimpanzees (Pan troglodytes schweinfurthii) in the wild 野外黑猩猩（Pan troglodytes schweinfurthii）在母婴关系中的手势使用。

IF 1.9 2区生物学

Animal Cognition Pub Date : 2024-10-03 DOI: 10.1007/s10071-024-01904-3

Bas van Boekholt, Isabelle Clark, Nicole J. Lahiff, Kevin C. Lee, Katie E. Slocombe, Claudia Wilke, Simone Pika

{"title":"Idiosyncratic gesture use in a mother-infant dyad in chimpanzees (Pan troglodytes schweinfurthii) in the wild","authors":"Bas van Boekholt, Isabelle Clark, Nicole J. Lahiff, Kevin C. Lee, Katie E. Slocombe, Claudia Wilke, Simone Pika","doi":"10.1007/s10071-024-01904-3","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s10071-024-01904-3","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>One promising method to tackle the question, “In which modality did language evolve?” is by studying the ontogenetic trajectory of signals in human’s closest living relatives, including chimpanzees (<i>Pan troglodytes)</i>. Concerning gestures, current debates centre on four different hypotheses: “<i>phylogenetic ritualization</i>”, “<i>social transmission through imitation</i>”, “<i>ontogenetic ritualization</i>”, and “<i>social negotiation</i>”. These differ in their predictions regarding idiosyncratic gestures, making such occurrences a crucial area of investigation. Here, we describe a novel and potential idiosyncratic behaviour — ‘hand-on-eye’ — which was initially observed in one mother-infant dyad in a community of chimpanzees living in the wild. We systematically investigated the form, sequential organisation, intentionality, usage, function, and distribution of the behaviour over a five-year period. The results showed that ‘hand-on-eye’ was nearly exclusively deployed in a single mother-infant dyad, was accompanied by hallmarks of intentionality, and served to initiate or resume joint dorsal travel. Although the behaviour was observed once in each of three other mother-infant dyads, these lacked the same frequency and hallmarks of intentionality. ‘Hand-on-eye’ thus qualifies as an idiosyncratic gesture. The proposed developmental pathway gives support to both the “<i>ontogenetic ritualization</i>” and “<i>social negotiation</i>” hypotheses. It also stresses the crucial need for longitudinal approaches to tackle developmental processes that are triggered by unique circumstances and unfold over relatively long time windows.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":7879,"journal":{"name":"Animal Cognition","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2024-10-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11450076/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142370786","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

From small to tall: breed-varied household pet dogs can be trained to detect Parkinson’s Disease 从小到大：可以训练不同品种的家养宠物狗来检测帕金森病。

IF 1.9 2区生物学

Animal Cognition Pub Date : 2024-10-01 DOI: 10.1007/s10071-024-01902-5

Lisa Holt, Samuel V. Johnston

{"title":"From small to tall: breed-varied household pet dogs can be trained to detect Parkinson’s Disease","authors":"Lisa Holt, Samuel V. Johnston","doi":"10.1007/s10071-024-01902-5","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s10071-024-01902-5","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Parkinson’s Disease (PD) is a clinically diagnosed disease that carries a reported misdiagnosis rate of 10–20%. Recent scientific discoveries have provided evidence of volatile organic compounds in sebum that are unique to patients with PD. The primary objective of this study was to determine if companion dogs could be trained to distinguish between sebum samples provided by PD-positive patients and PD-negative human controls. This was a randomized, handler-blind, controlled study. Twenty-three canines of varying breeds, ages, and environmental backgrounds were included. The study period encompassed 200 total working days from 2021 to 2022. Factors investigated included donor gender and levodopa drug affectivity, as well as canine breed, age, and duration of training time. The findings in this study were compiled from data collected during the final two years of a seven-year research program. For this two-year reporting period, when averaged as a group, the 23 dogs were 89% sensitive and 87% specific to olfactory distinction between PD-positive and PD-negative human donor samples. Ten of the twenty-three dogs averaged 90% or higher in both sensitivity and specificity. In 161 separate trials, a dog was presented with both novel PD-positive and PD-negative samples. For these novel exposures, the dogs collectively averaged 86% sensitivity and 89% specificity. PD medication was also investigated and was found to have no discernible impact on canine sensitivity or specificity results. Study findings support the application of companion dogs, trained with force-free, reward-based methodologies, for the detection of PD-positive and PD-negative samples under controlled conditions.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":7879,"journal":{"name":"Animal Cognition","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2024-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11445332/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142339536","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Evidence for the communicative function of human-directed gazing in 6- to 7-week-old dog puppies 6-7周大的幼犬在人类引导下凝视的交流功能证据。

IF 1.9 2区生物学

Animal Cognition Pub Date : 2024-09-23 DOI: 10.1007/s10071-024-01898-y

Stefanie Riemer, Alina Bonorand, Lisa Stolzlechner

{"title":"Evidence for the communicative function of human-directed gazing in 6- to 7-week-old dog puppies","authors":"Stefanie Riemer, Alina Bonorand, Lisa Stolzlechner","doi":"10.1007/s10071-024-01898-y","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s10071-024-01898-y","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>In human infants, the ability to show gaze alternations between an object of interest and another individual is considered fundamental to the development of complex social-cognitive abilities. Here we show that well-socialised dog puppies show gaze alternations in two contexts at an early age, 6–7 weeks. Thus, 69.4% of puppies in a novel object test and 45.59% of puppies during an unsolvable task alternated their gaze at least once between a person’s face and the object. In both contexts, the frequency of gaze alternations was positively correlated with the duration of whimpering, supporting the communicative nature of puppies’ gazing. Furthermore, the number of gaze alternations in the two contexts was correlated, indicating an underlying propensity for gazing at humans despite likely different motivations in the two contexts. Similar to humans, and unlike great apes or wolves, domestic dogs show gaze alternations from an early age if they are well-socialised. They appear to have a genetic preparedness to communicate with humans via gaze alternations early in ontogeny, but they may need close contact with humans for this ability to emerge, highlighting the interactive effects of domestication and environmental factors on behavioural development in dogs.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":7879,"journal":{"name":"Animal Cognition","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2024-09-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11420273/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142279385","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Dogs distinguish authentic human emotions without being empathic 狗狗能分辨人类的真实情感，但不会产生共鸣。

IF 1.9 2区生物学

Animal Cognition Pub Date : 2024-09-21 DOI: 10.1007/s10071-024-01899-x

Juliane Bräuer, Dorothea Eichentopf, Nomi Gebele, Louise Jandke, Veronique Mann, Katharina Schulte, Yana Bender

{"title":"Dogs distinguish authentic human emotions without being empathic","authors":"Juliane Bräuer, Dorothea Eichentopf, Nomi Gebele, Louise Jandke, Veronique Mann, Katharina Schulte, Yana Bender","doi":"10.1007/s10071-024-01899-x","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s10071-024-01899-x","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Several recent studies have investigated how dogs perceive human emotional expressions. They have measured the reactions of dogs when exposed to stimuli presented in different modalities, such as photographs, audio recordings or odor samples, or to humans simulating various emotional situations. In the current study, dog owners were manipulated to genuinely experience emotions of happiness, sadness, and neutrality. We measured how dogs responded to their owners’ authentic emotions in two different natural situations: induction of the emotion through a video clip and training of a new task. Through a detailed analysis of dog behavior in these naturalistic settings, we investigated whether dogs show behavioral responses to genuine human emotions. We found that dogs behaved differently depending on the owner’s emotional state: they gazed and jumped less at owners when they were sad, and their compliance with the ‘sit’ command was also diminished. When owners were happy, dogs performed better in the trained task. These results are discussed in light of how dogs perceive human emotional expressions and the adaptive value of this skill.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":7879,"journal":{"name":"Animal Cognition","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2024-09-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11416375/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142279384","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Cross-population variation in usage of a call combination: evidence of signal usage flexibility in wild bonobos 呼叫组合使用的跨种群变异：野生倭黑猩猩信号使用灵活性的证据。

IF 1.9 2区生物学

Animal Cognition Pub Date : 2024-08-30 DOI: 10.1007/s10071-024-01884-4

Isaac Schamberg, Martin Surbeck, Simon W. Townsend

引用次数: 0

Correction to: Welldeveloped spatial reversal learning abilities in harbor seals (Phoca vitulina) Correction to：港海豹发育成熟的空间逆向学习能力：期号 : 25_5_Issue.

IF 1.9 2区生物学

Animal Cognition Pub Date : 2024-08-30 DOI: 10.1007/s10071-024-01893-3

Benedikt Niesterok, Shanie Martin, Lisa Hildebrand, Guido Dehnhardt, Frederike D. Hanke

引用次数: 0

Surfacing of Latent Time Memories Supports the Representational Basis of Timing Behavior in Mice 潜伏时间记忆的浮现支持小鼠计时行为的表征基础

IF 1.9 2区生物学

Animal Cognition Pub Date : 2024-08-29 DOI: 10.1007/s10071-024-01889-z

Tutku Öztel, Fuat Balcı

{"title":"Surfacing of Latent Time Memories Supports the Representational Basis of Timing Behavior in Mice","authors":"Tutku Öztel, Fuat Balcı","doi":"10.1007/s10071-024-01889-z","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s10071-024-01889-z","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Animals can adapt their reward expectancy to changes in delays to reward availability. When temporal relations are altered, associative models of interval timing predict that the original time memory is lost due to the updating of the underlying associative weights, whereas the representational models render the preservation of the original time memory (as previously demonstrated in the extinction of conditioned fear). The current study presents the critical test of these theoretical accounts by training mice with two different intervals in a consecutive fashion (short → long or long → short) and then testing timing behaviors during extinction where neither temporal relation is in effect. Mice that were trained with the long interval first clustered their anticipatory responses around the average of two intervals (indirect higher-order manifestation of two memories in the form of temporal averaging), whereas mice trained with the short interval first clustered their responses either around the short or long interval (direct manifestation of memory representations by their independent indexing). We assert that the original memory representation formed during training with the long interval “metrically affords” the integration of subsequent experiences with a shorter interval, allowing their co-activation during extinction. The original memory representation formed during training with the short interval would not metrically afford such integration and thus result in the formation of a new (mutually exclusive) time memory representation, which does not afford their co-activation during extinction. Our results provide strong support for the representational account of interval timing. We provide a new theoretical account of these findings based on the “metric affordances” of the original memory representation formed during training with the original intervals.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":7879,"journal":{"name":"Animal Cognition","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2024-08-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11362479/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142103707","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0