Animal Feed Science and Technology最新文献

{"title":"Effect of multi-species probiotic as a functional feed additive on immune response, health status, and offspring quality of female rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss) breeders","authors":"Erfan Akbari Nargesi ,&nbsp;Mir Masoud Sajjadi ,&nbsp;Bahram Falahatkar","doi":"10.1016/j.anifeedsci.2025.116403","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.anifeedsci.2025.116403","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>As a functional feed additive, probiotics have the potential to improve the health status of fish and enhance the quality of offspring. The present study aimed to investigate the effects of multi-species probiotic supplementation on immunological parameters, enzyme activities, stress response, and alevins' malformations in female rainbow trout (<em>Oncorhynchus mykiss</em>) breeders. To achieve this goal, a total of 60 three-year-old female breeders with an average initial weight of 2267.4 ± 54.9 g were randomly divided into four groups (in triplicate) and fed diets (twice a day up to satiation) containing 0 (P0), 1 × 10⁹ (P1), 2 × 10⁹ (P2), and 4 × 10⁹ (P4) colony-forming unit (CFU) of commercial multi-species probiotics (contains eight bacterial and one yeast species) kg⁻¹ of diet for eight weeks. In the experiment, fish were placed in twelve different sections (three sections per feed) in a flow-through system, each with a water volume of 4 m³ . Blood samples were collected after the end of the feeding trial from the caudal vein of three fish per replicate using a heparinized syringe both before and after stripping. According to the results, the complement component 3, complement component 4, and immunoglobulin M concentrations significantly increased in the P4 treatment compared to the P0 group (<em>P</em> &lt; 0.05). Plasma enzyme activities were significantly reduced following multi-strain probiotics administration in P2 and P1-treated fish (<em>P</em> &lt; 0.05). No significant differences were observed in plasma ions concentration among the experimental groups. For the stress indicators, breeders of P4 treatment showed significantly lower cortisol (41.0 ± 5.2 ng mL⁻¹) and glucose (151.5 ± 3.3 mg dL⁻¹) concentrations compared to the P0 fish, which had represented cortisol and glucose levels of 71.8 ± 4.0 ng mL⁻¹ and 184.9 ± 5.8 mg dL⁻¹, respectively (<em>P</em> &lt; 0.05). Moreover, the administration of multi-species probiotics decreased the percentage of yolk-sac resorption defects (up to 17.9 %) and total malformations (up to 0.24 %) in the offspring of P2 and P4 treatments (<em>P</em> &lt; 0.05). In conclusion, multi-species probiotics supplementation in the diet (i.e., the level of 4 × 10⁹ CFU kg⁻¹) of female rainbow trout breeders could be suggested as a functional feed additive to improve immune response, well-being, and offspring quality.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":7861,"journal":{"name":"Animal Feed Science and Technology","volume":"327 ","pages":"Article 116403"},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2025-05-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144166112","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Feeding a bromoform-based feed additive for methane mitigation in beef cattle","authors":"T. Gyeltshen ,&nbsp;P.S. Alvarez-Hess ,&nbsp;S. Jacques ,&nbsp;M.J. Auldist ,&nbsp;F.C. Cowley","doi":"10.1016/j.anifeedsci.2025.116401","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.anifeedsci.2025.116401","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Bromoform (CHBr₃) is a compound with strong methane-mitigating potential that binds to reduced vitamin B₁₂, thereby inhibiting the cobalamin-dependent methyltransferase step of methane formation. However, bromoform is highly volatile and requires stabilization. This experiment evaluated the methane (CH₄) mitigating effect of feeding Rumin8 Investigational Veterinary Product (Rumin8 IVP), a feed additive containing stabilized bromoform in an oil medium to beef cattle in a cross-over design experiment with two treatments and 10 animals, i.e., Control and Rumin8 IVP (with the active ingredient at 30 mg bromoform/kg dry matter). Methane and hydrogen (H₂) gases emitted were measured using respiration chambers. Rumen fluid and blood samples were collected 3 h post-feeding on the days steers exited the respiration chambers to assess rumen function and plasma biochemical parameters. On average, supplementing with Rumin8 IVP reduced CH₄ emission by 93 % and CH₄ yield by 94 %, and increased hydrogen (H₂) emission by more than 2.5-fold when compared to Control. There was a shift in the dissolved CH₄ and H₂ concentration in the rumen fluid samples consistent with the reduction in the CH₄ production and CH₄ yield. Supplementing Rumin8 IVP had no effect on feed dry matter intake or plasma biochemical parameters. Rumin8 IVP containing stabilized bromoform when fed at 30 mg bromoform/kg DMI is a promising feed additive to reduce enteric CH₄ emissions. However, further investigation is necessary to understand its long-term effect on the animal.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":7861,"journal":{"name":"Animal Feed Science and Technology","volume":"326 ","pages":"Article 116401"},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2025-05-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144166563","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Efficacy of 3-NOP applied in drinking water on enteric methane reduction in sheep","authors":"Ines Rivelli ,&nbsp;Rafael Hueso ,&nbsp;Isabel Müller ,&nbsp;Josef Hoermansperger ,&nbsp;Iván Gaytán-Pérez ,&nbsp;Maik Kinderman ,&nbsp;David R. Yáñez-Ruiz","doi":"10.1016/j.anifeedsci.2025.116400","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.anifeedsci.2025.116400","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The most effective strategy to reduce CH₄ emissions is to incorporate CH₄ inhibitors into ruminant diets. However, there is a need to broaden the actual presentation form (i.e., solid powder) of the commercially available products to allow their use in grazing systems. This study aimed to test the efficacy of 3-NOP on enteric CH₄ reduction in sheep when applied in drinking water as a possible delivery system in livestock grazing conditions. The study followed a 4 × 4 Latin square design, enrolling 4 non-lactating female adult sheep with an average body weight (BW) of 44.9 ± 2.6 kg. The study lasted 8 weeks, with 4 experimental periods of 2 weeks each. The experimental periods consisted of 7 days of adaptation to the treatments and 3 days of enteric gas emission measurements (CH₄ and H₂) in open-circuit respiration chambers, followed by a wash-out period of 4 days. Sheep were randomly assigned to 1 of the 4 experimental treatments. The treatments were: i) a basal diet without supplementation (CTL); ii) a basal diet supplemented with 80 mg of 3-NOP per kg of dry matter intake (DMI) (Bovaer® 10); iii) a basal diet supplemented with 80 mg of 3-NOP in the drinking water (DW80) per kg of DMI; and iv) a basal diet supplemented with 120 mg of 3-NOP in the drinking water (DW120) per kg of DMI. There were no significant differences (<em>P</em> &gt; 0.05) in the feed or water intakes across treatments. Methane emissions (g/d) and yield (g/kg DMI) were significantly lower in Bovaer® 10 (-26.8 %), DW80 (-41.4 %), and DW120 (-35.7 %) than in CTL (<em>P</em> &lt; 0.05). Sheep in the Bovaer® 10 treatment had a greater emissions reduction in the first 2 hours after feeding and a smaller reduction in the following 2 hours. In contrast to Bovaer® 10, the impact of treatments in DW80 and DW120 lasted for 4 hours post-feeding. For the second half of the day (i.e., 4 hours after the second feeding), Bovaer® 10, DW80, and DW120 had lower emission values than CTL. The lower emissions in sheep in DW80 and DW120 treatments than Bovaer® 10 is explained by their drinking pattern and, thereby, the supply of 3-NOP into the rumen. Results suggest that adding 3-NOP to the drinking water could be a potential strategy where feed formulation does not necessarily allow for the delivery of 3-NOP mixed with the diet. This strategy requires further research in livestock systems with different drinking water patterns.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":7861,"journal":{"name":"Animal Feed Science and Technology","volume":"327 ","pages":"Article 116400"},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2025-05-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144166110","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Effects of Bacillus subtilis supplementation on growth performance, immunity, and intestinal health of juvenile Salmo trutta fario","authors":"Kuankuan Lei ,&nbsp;Wanliang Wang ,&nbsp;Zhuangzhuang Wang ,&nbsp;Ming Li ,&nbsp;Jianshe Zhou","doi":"10.1016/j.anifeedsci.2025.116398","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.anifeedsci.2025.116398","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div><em>Bacillus subtilis</em> (BS) is a widely used feed additive in aquaculture, enhancing growth rates, feed conversion, and immunity in farmed aquatic animals. This study aims to explore the effects of adding different doses of BS in the feed on the health and growth of juvenile Salmo trutta fario to investigate the effective dose of BS as an additive. The experiment included a control group (CG), a B1 group (0.25 %), a B2 group (0.5 %), and a B3 group (1 %) in a 70-day feeding trial. The effects of BS on juvenile Salmo trutta fario growth parameters, blood biochemical indexes, liver antioxidant capacity, and intestinal health were investigated. The results showed that compared to CG, FBW and WGR significantly increased in the B2 and B3 groups, while CF significantly decreased (P &lt; 0.05). Regarding blood biochemical indices, AST activity was significantly elevated in the B1 group (<em>P</em> &lt; 0.05), and ALP activity decreased considerably in the B3 group (<em>P</em> &lt; 0.05). Liver antioxidant analyses revealed that MDA content was significantly higher in the B1 group compared to the CG (<em>P</em> &lt; 0.05), whereas it was substantially lower in the B2 and B3 groups (<em>P</em> &lt; 0.05). The activities of SOD in the B1 and B3 groups were significantly higher than those in the CG group (<em>P</em> &lt; 0.05), but there was no significant change between the B2 and CG groups (<em>P</em> &gt; 0.05). There were no substantial changes in CAT and GSH activities in the B1, B2, and B3 groups compared with the CG group (<em>P</em> &gt; 0.05). Gut microbiota analysis showed that the OTUs of the B1, B2, and B3 groups were higher than those of the CG group, but there was no significant difference in alpha diversity (<em>P</em> &gt; 0.05). Beta diversity analysis showed that the clusters of microbial communities in groups B1, B2, and B3 were more similar than those in the CG group. Co-occurrence network analysis revealed a more complex and stable microbial community structure in the B2 group. In conclusion, adding <em>Bacillus subtilis</em> to the feed enhances the growth performance, liver antioxidant capacity, and intestinal microbiome stability of juvenile <em>Salmo trutta fario</em>, with the effect being more pronounced at an addition of 0.5 % <em>Bacillus subtilis</em>.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":7861,"journal":{"name":"Animal Feed Science and Technology","volume":"327 ","pages":"Article 116398"},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2025-05-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144194713","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The lubricating effect of fats on pellet manufacturing","authors":"T.M.M. Bastiaansen ,&nbsp;G. Verge-Mèrida ,&nbsp;R.T. Benders ,&nbsp;J.A. Dijksman ,&nbsp;M. Thomas ,&nbsp;W.H. Hendriks ,&nbsp;S. de Vries ,&nbsp;M. Devant ,&nbsp;G. Bosch","doi":"10.1016/j.anifeedsci.2025.116390","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.anifeedsci.2025.116390","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Increased fat inclusion in livestock feed reduces physical pellet quality, which is often attributed to die lubrication. Concrete evidence for lubrication remains, however, limited to a water-based lubrication layer. Here, we investigated the lubricating role of fat during pellet manufacturing. Feed mashes were formulated to contain different levels (0, 20, 40, 60 g kg⁻¹) of separately added (exogenous) fat with a low- (soya oil; −22 °C) or high melting point (poultry fat; 30 °C), or fat stored within feed particles (intrinsic) by including sunflower expeller. Increasing fat content decreased net energy consumption by the compactor (-0.02 ± 0.01 kWh t⁻¹ (g kg⁻¹ dry matter)⁻¹; P = 0.001) and the addition of exogeneous fats resulted in fat-enriched areas on the pellet surface, indicating the formation of a lubrication layer. Higher inclusion levels of fat reduced compressive pellet strength (-0.08 ± 0.04 kN m⁻¹ (g kg⁻¹ dry matter)⁻¹; P &lt; 0.001), which is partially attributable to the concurrent decrease in pellet temperature increment during compaction due to lubrication. Inclusion of intrinsic fat had a more limited effect on net specific energy consumption (0.02 ± 0.01 kWh t⁻¹ (g (kg⁻¹ dry matter)⁻¹; P = 0.049) relative to the inclusion of exogeneous soya oil. A similar trend was observed for pellet compressive strength (0.07 ± 0.04 kN m⁻¹ (g kg⁻¹ dry matter)⁻¹; P = 0.084). The selection of fat source and inclusion level are essential for producing high quality pellets, by managing the occurrence of lubrication.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":7861,"journal":{"name":"Animal Feed Science and Technology","volume":"326 ","pages":"Article 116390"},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2025-05-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144146790","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Improving lipid utilization and growth through lecithin inclusion in diets for giant grouper (Epinephelus lanceolatus)","authors":"Grace Butler ,&nbsp;Caroline Lourdes Candebat ,&nbsp;Simon Kumar Das ,&nbsp;Leo Nankervis","doi":"10.1016/j.anifeedsci.2025.116393","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.anifeedsci.2025.116393","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Giant grouper (<em>Epinephelus lanceolatus</em>) is a culturally and economically significant farmed fish species in Asia and an emerging aquaculture species in Australia. However, the historical reliance on ‘trash fish’ as feed has hindered the development of species-specific formulated diets. Preliminary findings suggest that methionine and choline influence lipid metabolism, highlighting the need to re-evaluate dietary lipid levels for optimal growth. Building on these findings, this study examined how dietary lipid levels and phospholipid (lecithin) inclusion interact to influence lipid metabolism and growth performance in <em>E</em>. <em>lanceolatus</em>. Six isoproteic diets (44.47 ± 0.05 % protein) were formulated with 10 % or 15 % lipid and 0, 0.5 %, or 1 % lecithin inclusion. The results showed that increasing lipid content from 10 % to 15 %, combined with 1 % lecithin inclusion, enhanced weight gain by 12.14 %. This growth-promoting effect was associated with elevated circulating triglycerides and altered cholesterol and glucose levels, suggesting improved lipid transport and utilization. In contract, no growth improvement was observed with 0 % or 0.5 % lecithin inclusion. These findings demonstrate the critical role of lecithin in optimizing lipid metabolism and growth performance in juvenile <em>E</em>. <em>lanceolatus</em>, providing a foundation for sustainable, species-specific diet formulations.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":7861,"journal":{"name":"Animal Feed Science and Technology","volume":"326 ","pages":"Article 116393"},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2025-05-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144146791","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A phytogenic feed additive blend as a replacement for monensin in lactating Rahmani ewes' diets: Effects on feed utilization and milk production","authors":"Hossam H. Azzaz ,&nbsp;Noha A. Hassaan ,&nbsp;Gouda A. Gouda ,&nbsp;Yanting Chen ,&nbsp;Ahmed E. Kholif","doi":"10.1016/j.anifeedsci.2025.116397","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.anifeedsci.2025.116397","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>This study evaluated the potential of phytogenic feed additives (PFAs) as a replacement for monensin in the diets of lactating Rahmani ewes. Two experiments were conducted using a completely randomized design. The first was an <em>in vitro</em> study that evaluated the effects of increasing doses (0, 0.3, 0.6, and 1 g/kg dry matter [DM]) of PFAs and monensin. The second experiment was an <em>in vivo</em> trial involving 30 lactating ewes (53 ± 0.5 kg body weight), all in their first week of lactation (1–7 days in milk). The ewes were randomly assigned to one of three dietary treatments: control, 0.3 g PFAs, or 0.3 g monensin/ kg DM diet, with 10 ewes per treatment, over a 60-day period. The doses for PFAs and monensin were selected based on the optimal results observed in the <em>in vitro</em> experiment. Before the 60-day experimental period, all ewes underwent a 14-day adaptation period to their respective diets. In the <em>in vitro</em> study, both PFAs and monensin significantly reduced gas and methane production (<em>p</em> &lt; 0.01), with the most substantial reductions observed at the 1 % inclusion level, decreasing by up to 17.6 % and 35.3 %, respectively. Digestibility of DM, organic matter (OM), and fiber improved at moderate inclusion levels (<em>p</em> &lt; 0.01) but declined at 1 %. Additionally, short-chain fatty acids were significantly reduced (<em>p</em> &lt; 0.01) with both additives. In the lactation experiment, supplementation improved nutrient digestibility, including DM, OM, crude protein, and fiber (<em>p</em> &lt; 0.01), with no differences between PFAs and monensin. Blood parameters such as total protein, albumin, glucose, and cholesterol were positively influenced (<em>p</em> &lt; 0.05), while blood urea nitrogen and liver enzymes decreased (<em>p</em> &lt; 0.01). Milk yield, energy output, and feed efficiency improved significantly (<em>p</em> &lt; 0.001), with no differences between the two supplements. The milk fatty acid profile showed reductions in total saturated fatty acids (SFA) and increases in unsaturated fatty acids (UFA), with a higher UFA:SFA ratio. Specific fatty acids, such as α-linolenic acid, increased significantly (<em>p</em> = 0.019). This study concludes that PFAs, at 0.3 g/kg, could effectively replace monensin to improve feed efficiency and lactational performance in Rahmani ewes.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":7861,"journal":{"name":"Animal Feed Science and Technology","volume":"326 ","pages":"Article 116397"},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2025-05-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144146788","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The use of phytobiotics in the form of complexed organometallic phytoncides and micronized herbs in the nutrition of Ross 308 broiler chickens: Effects on growth performance, meat quality, and immune response","authors":"Marcin Gumowski ,&nbsp;Cassandra Ceccopieri ,&nbsp;Jan P. Madej ,&nbsp;Katarzyna Leicht ,&nbsp;Małgorzata Korzeniowska ,&nbsp;Anna Lipińska ,&nbsp;Kamil Sierżant ,&nbsp;Damian Konkol ,&nbsp;Henryk Różański ,&nbsp;Muhammad Umair Asghar ,&nbsp;Mariusz Korczyński","doi":"10.1016/j.anifeedsci.2025.116391","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.anifeedsci.2025.116391","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Phytobiotics are being investigated as possible substitutes for synthetic growth promoters in poultry feeding because to the increased demand in natural feed additives. This investigation assesses the impact of several phytobiotic formulations on the morphology of the intestinal and lymphoid organs, meat quality, and broiler performance. A total of 1280 Ross 308 broiler chickens were allocated into five experimental groups, including two control groups and three groups administered varying kinds or doses of phytobiotic prototypes. During the course of the 35-day study, key performance metrics such as body weight, feed conversion ratio, and mortality were observed. In addition to histological examinations of the intestines and lymphoid organs to evaluate morphological changes, measurements of pH, colour, tenderness, and chemical composition were used to evaluate the quality of the meat. The findings demonstrated that a single herbal prototype increased (P ≤ 0.05) the body weight of broilers at seven and thirty-five days, with effects similar to those of antibiotic growth promoters. Additionally, this group’s leg muscles showed less drip loss (P ≤ 0.05), which suggests that their meat quality was improved and their ability to retain water was improved. In comparison to controls, chickens that were fed lower concentrations of the same prototype exhibited significantly wider ileal villi (P ≤ 0.05), whereas a second prototype resulted in an increase in villus size. The investigation further demonstrated a rise in CD8 + cells in the spleens of broilers given certain phytobiotic formulations (P ≤ 0.05), suggesting a possible improvement in the immune response via the Th1 signalling pathway. In summary, phytobiotic preparations provide a viable substitute for traditional growth-promoting chemicals in poultry production, with the potential to improve broiler performance, meat quality, and gut health. These results are a valuable addition to the expanding body of evidence that underpins the utilization of plant-derived substances in poultry nutrition.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":7861,"journal":{"name":"Animal Feed Science and Technology","volume":"326 ","pages":"Article 116391"},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2025-05-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144146789","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Emulsifier is beneficial for declining dietary lipid requirement of aquatic crustaceans by accelerating the absorption, transport and deposition of lipids: A case study in mud crab (Scylla paramamosain)","authors":"Zihao Ye ,&nbsp;Jinjin Liu ,&nbsp;Shihui Cui ,&nbsp;Jing Chen ,&nbsp;Mengyao Tang ,&nbsp;Chaojia Chen ,&nbsp;Yifang Xu ,&nbsp;Ziyi Wang ,&nbsp;Yuan Huang ,&nbsp;Shaowei Zhai ,&nbsp;Ziping Zhang ,&nbsp;Chao Fan ,&nbsp;Xuexi Wang","doi":"10.1016/j.anifeedsci.2025.116389","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.anifeedsci.2025.116389","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>To investigate the potential of emulsifiers in reducing dietary lipid requirements of juvenile <em>Scylla paramamosain</em> and the associated physiological and biochemical responses, three isonitrogenous experimental diets (45 % crude protein content) with 10 % lipid content (FO, fish oil as the main lipid source), 5 % lipid content (LF) and 5 % lipid content with the addition of 0.2 % emulsifier (LF+EMU) were formulated. A total of 30 juveniles mud crabs (30.56 ± 0.56 g) per treatment was cultured for 12 weeks in single crab cells. Compared to LF, the LF+EMU group had higher weight gain and specific growth rate. Crabs in the LF+EMU group had significantly lower lipid contents in muscle and hepatopancreas, along with reduced lipase activity, resorptive and blister-like cell quantity in hepatopancreas than those in FO group, while these values were higher than that in crabs from LF group. Emulsifier supplementation into LF diet elevated the activity of superoxide dismutase, glutathione peroxidase and catalase, while exhibiting a significantly decrease in malondialdehyde content in hepatopancreas. Furthermore, the addition of an emulsifier into LF diet did not only upregulate genes associated with lipid anabolism like <em>sterol regulatory element binding protein 1</em>, <em>glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase, delta-9 fatty acyl desaturase and fatty acid synthase,</em> but also upregulate genes related to lipid catabolism such as <em>acyl-CoA oxidase 3</em>, <em>carnitine palmitoyl transferase Ⅰ</em>, and transport such as <em>fatty acid-binding protein 1 and 3</em>, <em>fatty acid transport protein 4, scavenger receptor b, low-density lipoprotein receptor</em> and <em>low-density lipoprotein receptor-related protein 2</em>. The analysis of intestinal microbiota revealed that crabs fed with LF+EMU and FO had significantly higher Simpson, Shannon, Ace, and Chao 1 than those fed with LF diet. In the LF+EMU treatment, the abundances of Fusobacteria and Bacteroidetes phyla, along with the genera <em>Photobacterium</em> and <em>Hypnobacterium</em>, were significantly elevated compared to LF treatment, the abundances of <em>Candidatus_Hepatoplasma</em> genera presented an opposite trend. Therefore, emulsifier supplementation in low-fat diet could regulate intestinal microbiota, accelerate secretion and activities of digestive enzymes, facilitate the upregulation of genes associated with lipid metabolism, and thus improve the absorption, transport, deposition of lipid and growth performance and indicate the potential in diminishing dietary lipid requirement of <em>S. paramamosain</em>.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":7861,"journal":{"name":"Animal Feed Science and Technology","volume":"326 ","pages":"Article 116389"},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2025-05-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144146792","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Optimal myo-inositol requirement for growth performance in juvenile freshwater crayfish","authors":"Changchang Pu ,&nbsp;Yuanyi Liu ,&nbsp;Ruyi Sun ,&nbsp;Zihui Wei ,&nbsp;Bingke Wang ,&nbsp;Aimin Wang ,&nbsp;Chunnuan Zhang","doi":"10.1016/j.anifeedsci.2025.116392","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.anifeedsci.2025.116392","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Myo-inositol (MI), as a growth factor, plays a vital role in regulating the health of crustaceans. However, the optimal MI requirement of juvenile freshwater crayfish and the mechanisms that regulate growth and nutrition remain unknown. This experiment investigated the effect of MI addition on the growth, ecdysis performance, and ecdysone signaling pathway of juvenile freshwater crayfish (<em>Procambarus clarkii</em>). Six diets were prepared by adding 0 mg/kg (control group), 500 mg/kg, 1000 mg/kg, 2000 mg/kg, 3000 mg/kg, and 4000 mg/kg MI to the basal diet. A total of 360 juvenile freshwater crayfish were cultured for six weeks, in three parallel groups and their average body weight was (6.39 ± 0.05) g. Compared with the control group, the diet supplemented with 500 mg/kg and 1000 mg/kg MI significantly increased the weight gain rate (WGR) and specific growth rate (SGR) of freshwater crayfish (<em>P</em> &lt; 0.05). Using WGR and SGR as evaluation indexes, the addition of 917–942 mg/kg MI does promote the growth of freshwater crayfish. Dietary supplementation with 1000 mg/kg inositol can significantly increase the expression of ecdysone receptor (ECR) and retinoic acid X receptor (RXR) genes in the hepatopancreas and inhibit the transcription level of ecdysis inhibitory hormone (MIH) gene (<em>P</em> &lt; 0.05). Also, dietary MI enhanced digestive enzyme activity and induced the expression of genes related to the GH-IGF growth axis to promote the digestion and absorption of nutrients in freshwater crayfish. Furthermore, dietary MI reduced serum lipid molecule levels and increased serum antioxidant capacity. The results of this paper revealed the growth mechanism of juvenile freshwater crayfish in terms of digestive enzyme activities, ecdysis performance, and expression of GH-IGF axis-related genes.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":7861,"journal":{"name":"Animal Feed Science and Technology","volume":"326 ","pages":"Article 116392"},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2025-05-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144130920","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}