African Health Sciences最新文献

{"title":"Impacts of Covid-19 & black fungus on diabetes patients in India","authors":"Anchana P Belmon, Jeraldin Auxillia","doi":"10.4314/ahs.v23i3.49","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4314/ahs.v23i3.49","url":null,"abstract":"The Novel coronavirus disease Covid-19 is a highly acute respiratory, viral pathogenic and pandemic disease caused by the SARS-CoV-2 (severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2) virus which leads to a heavy loss of mankind worldwide. The origin of the virus is not well known as it confirms the transfer of disease from person to person. As the disease is a novel clinical trial of antiviral drugs only seems to be better for emergency pathogenic Covid-19 impacts. The after all effect of Covid-19 results severely elevated glucose levels causing Diabetes Mellitus. The various symptoms of black fungus also report a heavy impact on diabetic patients. The analysis of Covid-19, mucormycosis and Covid vaccines with respect to diabetes is described in the paper.
 Keywords: Diabetes mellitus; diabetes complications; diabetic patient.","PeriodicalId":7853,"journal":{"name":"African Health Sciences","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-10-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"136211967","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Physical inactivity and barriers to physical activity among Type-2 diabetics in Kumasi, Ghana","authors":"Linda Kumah Taylor, David Adjatey Nyakotey, Alexander Kwarteng","doi":"10.4314/ahs.v23i3.38","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4314/ahs.v23i3.38","url":null,"abstract":"Background: Although the benefits of physical activity (PA) in diabetes management are well documented, there insufficientdata on physical activity levels and barriers to physical activity among Type-2 diabetics in Ghana. This study assessed physicalactivity and barriers to physical activity among Type-2 diabetics at Manhyia Hospital in Kumasi, Ghana.
 Methods: The study recruited 97 participants (32% men, 68% women). Physical activity was assessed using the Global physicalactivity questionnaire and barriers to PA were assessed using the Barriers to being active Quiz. Anthropometry and sociodemographicdata were also collected.
 Results: Prevalence of overweight/ obesity was 63.9%. About 60% of participants were inactive. Social influence (60.8%)was the most prevalent PA barrier followed by lack of energy (59.8%) and lack of willpower (58.8%). Majority of participants(57.7%) reported at least 4 barriers to being active. There was a significant negative correlation between age and number of PAbarriers (r = -0.214, p = 0.035). A significantly higher proportion of employed participants were active compared to the unemployed/retired participants (p = 0.035).
 Conclusion: This population of Type-2 diabetics needs urgent lifestyle interventions to improve physical activity and weight,considering that the main physical activity barriers were personal motivation related.
 Keywords: Physical activity barriers; Type 2 diabetics; Ghana; physical activity.","PeriodicalId":7853,"journal":{"name":"African Health Sciences","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-10-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"136211969","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Risk factors analysis of endoscopy and TIPS in the treatment of secondary esophagogastric varicose bleeding with cirrhosis","authors":"Xiaoyan Liu, Yanli Wang, Lei Zheng, Jinzhao Zhu","doi":"10.4314/ahs.v23i3.76","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4314/ahs.v23i3.76","url":null,"abstract":"Objective: To analyse the risk factors of secondary hemorrhage and survival rate in cirrhotic patients with esophagogastric varicealrupture and to compare the efficacy and safety of endoscopic hemostasis and TIPS (transjugular intrahepatic portosystemicshunt).&#x0D; Methods: A total of 120 patients with secondary bleeding after endoscopic treatment of esophagogastric varicose bleeding withcirrhosis in our hospital during the past 3 years were retrospectively analysed. There were 65 males and 55 females, ranging inage from 49 to 74 years old, with an average of (59.5 ± 8.4) years old. The etiology, degree of varicose veins, bleeding location,hemostasis method, Infection, ascites, portal vein thrombosis or cancer thrombus, albumin, platelets, prothrombin activity, ChildPugh (Child-Pugh classification is a diagnostic criterion for liver reserve function) grade were compared in each group. The riskfactors of treatment failure and analyse the survival time was analysed.&#x0D; Results: There were statistically significant differences in varicosis degree, infection, ascites, portal vein thrombosis or cancerthrombus, child Pugh grade, albumin and prothrombin activity between the failed Endoscopy group and the successful hemostasisgroup (P< 0.05). There were statistically significant differences in child Pugh grade, albumin and prothrombin activity betweenthe failed TIPS treatment group and successful hemostasis group (P< 0.05). There was no significant difference in 1-yearsurvival between the endoscopy group and the TIPS group.&#x0D; Conclusion: Severe varicose veins, infection, ascites, portal vein thrombosis or cancer thrombus, child pugh classification, albumin,and prothrombin activity were the major risk factors for failed secondary endoscopic therapy, child Pugh classification,albumin and prothrombin activity were the main risk factors for failure TIPS treatment. There is no significant difference inlong-term survival between the two methods.&#x0D; Keywords: Liver cirrhosis; esophagogastric varicose bleeding; Endoscopy; TIPS.","PeriodicalId":7853,"journal":{"name":"African Health Sciences","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-10-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"136211976","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Contraceptive use and sexual quality of life of patients with thalassemia in Northern Cyprus: a descriptive cross-sectional study","authors":"Sevinc Tastan, Hafize Dogan Ciftci","doi":"10.4314/ahs.v23i3.10","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4314/ahs.v23i3.10","url":null,"abstract":"Objective: Although contraception methods are an important factor affecting sexual life, no literature has been recorded aboutthe contraceptive methods used and the sexual life of thalassemia patients. The aim of this study is to document the effects ofand preferences of contraception methods used in the sexual lives of patients with thalassemia.&#x0D; Methods: The descriptive and cross-sectional study took place in Northern Cyprus at a Thalassemia Center in a State Hospital.The study sample consisted of 100 thalassemia major or intermedia patients. The data includes descriptive characteristics, thepreference of contraception methods used by men and women and Sexual Quality of Life Questionnaires.&#x0D; Results: Participants learned about contraception methods mostly from social media/internet, and 58.3% of the women and46.2% of the men did not use any contraception method within the last year. Women’s sexual quality of life score was 70.3±19.9and men’s Sexual Quality of Life score was 78.9±20.6. Women having knowledge of contraception methods had higher scoresthan man (p<0.05). Male patients not having physical exercise had sexual quality of life scores significantly lower than those whofollowed exercise programs (p<0.05).&#x0D; Conclusions: Results indicate a significant need to include family planning and sexual health subjects that specifically addressthalassemia patients.&#x0D; Keywords: Thalassemia; contraceptive; sexual quality of life.","PeriodicalId":7853,"journal":{"name":"African Health Sciences","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-10-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"136211980","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Effects of 0.15% ropivacaine alone and combination with sufentanil on epidural labor analgesia and adverse reactions","authors":"Huanhui Zhong, Yongdong Wang, Yiqun Wang, Heng Li","doi":"10.4314/ahs.v23i3.66","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4314/ahs.v23i3.66","url":null,"abstract":"Objective: The aim of this study was to compare the impacts of 0.15% ropivacaine alone and 0.15% ropivacaine combined withsufentanil on epidural labor analgesia.&#x0D; Methods: A total of 297 eligible primiparae were randomly divided into group A (n=149, 0.15% ropivacaine + sufentanil) andgroup B (n=148, 0.15% ropivacaine). Visual analogue scale (VAS) scores prior to analgesia and 20 min following epidural medication,the maximum VAS score during labor, dosage of analgesic drugs, modified Bromage score, satisfaction degree, laborduration, delivery mode, 1-min and 5-min Apgar scores of newborns, adverse reactions during analgesia, and fever during laborwere recorded.&#x0D; Results: Group A and B had similar VAS scores 20 min following epidural medication and maximum score during labor(P>0.05), which significantly fell compared with those before labor analgesia (P<0.05). The occurrence rates of nausea andvomiting were of significant difference (P<0.05).&#x0D; Conclusion: 0.15% ropivacaine alone achieves a comparable epidural labor analgesia effect to that of 0.15% ropivacaine + 0.05μg/mL sufentanil on primiparae.&#x0D; Keywords: Ropivacaine; sufentanil; epidural labor analgesia; adverse reaction.","PeriodicalId":7853,"journal":{"name":"African Health Sciences","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-10-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"136213462","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Outcome of preventive nursing intervention, prophylactic anticoagulation and the use of the Caprini score on venous thromboembolism after varicose vein surgery","authors":"Ting Zheng, Xiaofei Zheng","doi":"10.4314/ahs.v23i3.72","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4314/ahs.v23i3.72","url":null,"abstract":"Objective: This research was devoted to estimate the outcome of preventive nursing intervention on venous thromboembolism (VTE) after varicose vein surgery in lower extremities.&#x0D; Methods: A total of 516 subjects with varicose veins of lower extremities (from January 2020 to January 2022) treated in our hospital were separated into observation subgroup (n = 258) and control subgroup (n = 258) at random. The conventional nursing intervention was applied in the control subgroup, preventive nursing intervention, prophylactic anticoagulation and the use of Caprini score was applied in the observation subgroup. The levels of blood indexes [hemoglobin (Hb), platelet (PLT) and D-dimer (D-D)] were compared between the two subgroups before operation and 7 days postoperative, the occurrence of subcutaneous congestion, lower limb swelling and pain, VTE and nursing satisfaction of the subject 4 (four) weeks after discharge.&#x0D; Results: After intervention, the levels of PLT and D-D in the observation subgroup were notably lower than those in the control subgroup. Four weeks after discharge, the incidence of subcutaneous congestion, lower limb swelling and pain, there had no notable difference in two subgroups Versus the control subgroup, VTE in the observation subgroup was notably lower and nursing satisfaction was higher.&#x0D; Conclusion: Preventive nursing intervention can reduce the level of PLT and D-D, restrain in the incidence of VTE and improve the nursing satisfaction of subjects with varicose veins of lower extremities after varicose vein surgery of lower limb.&#x0D; Keywords: Varicose vein surgery; nursing intervention; Caprini score.","PeriodicalId":7853,"journal":{"name":"African Health Sciences","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-10-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"136213467","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Correlates of somatic symptom disorder among internally displaced persons in Ogoja displacement settlements, Nigeria: a cross-sectional study","authors":"Ugbe Maurice-Joel Ugbe, Ekpereonne Babatunde Esu, Obiageli Chiezey Onwusaka, Marvin Muji Bisongedam, Elizabeth Libuo-Beshel Nji, Joseph Ajah Efut, Ofem Irom Ekpo, Faith Ubi Okoi","doi":"10.4314/ahs.v23i3.81","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4314/ahs.v23i3.81","url":null,"abstract":"Background: Experiences of displacement have been associated with the prevalence of mental health disorders owing to certainfactors.&#x0D; Objectives: This study aimed to identify the correlates of Somatic Symptom Disorder (SSD) among internally displaced adultsin Ogoja displacement settlements, Nigeria.&#x0D; Methods: This was a cross-sectional study of 335 respondents. SSD was assessed using the SOM-SCL section of the CommonMental Disorder Questionnaire while a semi-structured questionnaire was used to collect data on sociodemographic and displacement-related factors. Data were analysed using descriptive statistics, Chi-square, and multivariable logistic regression.&#x0D; Result: The prevalence of somatoform disorder was 59.1%. Factors found to be significant in each bivariate Chi-square analysiswere modelled for the mental disorder. The multivariate analysis revealed that being married (AOR=2.80; p=0.020) prolongeddisplacement (AOR=3.29; p=0.003), discrimination (AOR=2.25; p=0.010), disease outbreak (AOR=1.92; p=0.030), loss ofloved ones (AOR=1.34; p=0.028), overcrowded households (AOR=2.30; p=0.008), and fear of reprisals (AOR=2.05; p=0.026)were significantly associated with somatoform disorder.&#x0D; Conclusion: The findings suggest that the high prevalence of the studied outcome is related to several stressors and eventsamong Internally displaced persons. Evidence-based mental health support efforts by different bodies in creating and routinelyarranging mental health clinical interventions for this population is recommended.&#x0D; Keywords: Somatoform; somatic symptom disorder; internally displaced adults.","PeriodicalId":7853,"journal":{"name":"African Health Sciences","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-10-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"136213782","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The balance between CD4+ T helper 17 and T-cell immunoglobulin and mucin domain 3 is involved in the pathogenesis and development of atrial fibrillation","authors":"Wenjing Dai, Jun Zhang, Yang Wang, Jingqun Zhou, Qiuting Dai, Jianfeng Lv","doi":"10.4314/ahs.v23i3.71","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4314/ahs.v23i3.71","url":null,"abstract":"Background: To investigate the expression of Th17, T lymphocyte immunoglobulin mucin 3 (TIM-3+) cells and their relatedcytokines in atrial fibrillation (AF) and their clinical significance.&#x0D; Methodology: A total of 90 patients with AF were divided into paroxysmal group (n=45) and chronic group (n=45), and 45healthy volunteers were selected as the control group. The proportion of Th17 cells and Tim-3 + cells in the peripheral bloodwere detected. The concentrations of related cytokines in peripheral blood serum were determined. The correlation betweenTh17 / Tim-3+ cells and related cytokines was analysed.&#x0D; Results: Compared with the control group, the proportion of Th17 cells and the concentration of related cytokines (IL-17, IL-6and Matrix metalloproteinase (MMP9)) in peripheral blood of patients with paroxysmal and chronic AF increased significantly,while the proportion of tim3 + cells and the concentration of related cytokines decreased significantly. Compared with theparoxysmal group, the proportion of Th17 cells and the concentration of related cytokines in the peripheral blood of patientsin the chronic group increased significantly, while the proportion of tim3 + cells and the concentration of related cytokinesdecreased significantly.&#x0D; Conclusion: Th17 / Tim-3 + cell balance is involved in AF, and can be used as a target for AF treatment.&#x0D; Keywords: Atrial fibrillation; Th17 cells; Tim-3; Cytokines; IL-17; Gal-9.","PeriodicalId":7853,"journal":{"name":"African Health Sciences","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-10-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"136213923","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Preoperative bowel preparation promotes intestinal functional recovery after esophagectomy","authors":"Junliang Ma, Shaolin Chen, Xiaoying Ren, Hao Han, Ming Gong, Yongxiang Song, Lijuan Liu","doi":"10.4314/ahs.v23i3.62","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4314/ahs.v23i3.62","url":null,"abstract":"Background: Patients are prone to intestinal dysfunction after esophagectomy. The value of preoperative bowel preparation before esophagectomy is controversial. There is a lack of evidence as to whether preoperative bowel preparation can help patients improve bowel function and shorten the recovery time of bowel function.&#x0D; Objectives: The objectives of this study were to explore whether preoperative bowel preparation can promote the recovery of intestinal function after esophagectomy.&#x0D; Methods: We analysed 139 patients who underwent elective radical esophagectomy in the Department of Thoracic Surgery at the Second Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University from May 2016 to December 2018. The enrolled patients were divided into the study group (bowel preparation group) and the control group (no bowel preparation group) of 71 cases and 68 cases. Patients in the study group were given dissolved polyethylene glycol electrolyte powder and a cleansing enema the day before surgery. Patients in the control group were neither given polyethylene glycol electrolyte powder nor cleansing enemas before surgery. The postoperative recovery of the two groups were compared.&#x0D; Results: Postoperative bed rest time, bowel function recovery time and the time of first flatus and defecation after surgery were significantly shorter in patients with bowel preparation than in those without bowel preparation, and the differences were statistically significant. (P=0.038, P﹤0.001, P﹤0.001, P﹤0.001; respectively).&#x0D; Conclusions: Preoperative bowel preparation can promote the recovery of patients with esophageal cancer, especially the recovery of bowel function, which can reduce the pain caused by abdominal distension and improve the quality of life of patients.&#x0D; Keywords: Intestinal dysfunction; esophagectomy; retrospective cohort study.","PeriodicalId":7853,"journal":{"name":"African Health Sciences","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-10-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"136214052","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Medical ethics and compliance amongst physician groups: a self-assessed survey in a hospital in Southeast Nigeria","authors":"Ogbonnia Godfrey Ochonma, Udunma Olive Chjioke, Justin Agorye Ingwu, Chikezie Adolf Nwankwor, Ifeyinwa Henry-Arize","doi":"10.4314/ahs.v23i3.84","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4314/ahs.v23i3.84","url":null,"abstract":"Background: Being a doctor remains a moral enterprise as he is expected to make some medical decisions based on ethical principles during encounter with patients.&#x0D; Objective: The objective of this study was to investigate the knowledge and application of medical ethical principles amongst physician groups in a Hospital in Enugu, Nigeria.&#x0D; Methods: This was a cross-sectional self-assessed study conducted amongst medical doctors in five specialty groups in a teaching hospital in Enugu, Nigeria.Descriptive and inferential statistics were used to summarize the items and determine whether significant differences on knowledge and application of medical ethics existed amongst the physician groups in the treatment of patients.&#x0D; Findings: Observance and compliance with medical ethical conduct was highest among doctors that were aged 55 years and above. In sex, male doctors had higher ethical conduct compliance than female doctors. Comparing the doctors by rank, medical officers, consultants and senior registrars respectively had the highest ethical conduct.&#x0D; Conclusions: Knowledge and practice of medical ethics were mostly deficient among younger Nigerian and female doctors. Remedying the situation will require better curricula both at the undergraduate and post-graduate medical school programmes for doctor trainees. Requiring certification in bioethics for license renewal will also help in resolving and improving the knowledge gap.&#x0D; Keywords: Professional; ethical; conduct; doctors; patients; survey; Nigeria; hospital.","PeriodicalId":7853,"journal":{"name":"African Health Sciences","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-10-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"136214062","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}