Anatomy & Cell Biology最新文献_第8页

Aloe vera gel extract and bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells ameliorate thioacetamide-induced liver fibrosis via modulating lincRNA-p21/miR-17-5p axis. 芦荟凝胶提取物和骨髓间充质干细胞通过调节lincRNA-p21/miR-17-5p轴改善硫代乙酰胺诱导的肝纤维化。

IF 1.1

Anatomy & Cell Biology Pub Date : 2026-03-31 Epub Date: 2026-01-29 DOI: 10.5115/acb.25.331

Bassant T Abd Elbaki, Basma A Ibrahim, Walaa E Omar, Sara Ali Kandeel

{"title":"Aloe vera gel extract and bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells ameliorate thioacetamide-induced liver fibrosis via modulating lincRNA-p21/miR-17-5p axis.","authors":"Bassant T Abd Elbaki, Basma A Ibrahim, Walaa E Omar, Sara Ali Kandeel","doi":"10.5115/acb.25.331","DOIUrl":"10.5115/acb.25.331","url":null,"abstract":"Thioacetamide (TAA)-induced liver fibrosis, triggered by inflammation and oxidative stress, is prompted by hepatic stellate cells (HSCs) activation via several pathways. This study explores the hepatoprotective effect of aloe vera gel (AVG) extract and bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells (BM-MSCs) transplantation on regulating long intergenic non-coding RNA (lincRNA-p21) and microRNA (miR-17-5p) expressions and their impact on TGF-β1/Smad-3 and Wnt-10a/β-Catenin cascades in TAA-induced liver damage. The study involved 48 adult male albino rats divided into four groups: control, TAA, TAA treated with BM-MSCs, and TAA treated with BM-MSCs+AVG extract. After 8 weeks, liver enzymes and hepatic oxidative parameters were evaluated alongside lincRNA-p21, miR-17-5p, TGF-β1, Smad-3, Wnt-10a, and β-Catenin expressions. Liver tissue sections were examined by light and electron microscopes and analyzed morphometrically. Group II showed increased aspartate aminotransferase, alanine aminotransferase, malondialdehyde, reduced glutathione levels, and deteriorated hepatocytes with distorted mitochondria and dilated rough endoplasmic reticulum. Group IV restored lincRNA-p21 expression, which downregulated miR-17-5p and suppressed activated HSCs by inhibiting TGF-β1/Smad-3 and Wnt-10a/β-Catenin pathways, and improved hepatic tissue architecture. Additionally, immunohistochemically, alpha-smooth muscle actin and cyclin D1 expressions were markedly decreased in group IV compared to group II. We concluded that AVG suppresses fibrotic pathways, boosts BM-MSCs differentiation, and reduces HSCs activation in liver fibrosis caused by TAA.","PeriodicalId":7831,"journal":{"name":"Anatomy & Cell Biology","volume":"59 1","pages":"125-140"},"PeriodicalIF":1.1,"publicationDate":"2026-03-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13072635/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147572135","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Morphology and morphometry of renal arteries in Indian cadavers. 印度尸体肾动脉的形态学和形态计量学。

IF 1.2

Anatomy & Cell Biology Pub Date : 2025-12-31 Epub Date: 2025-10-02 DOI: 10.5115/acb.25.044

Sweta Maurya

{"title":"Morphology and morphometry of renal arteries in Indian cadavers.","authors":"Sweta Maurya","doi":"10.5115/acb.25.044","DOIUrl":"10.5115/acb.25.044","url":null,"abstract":"The classical arrangement of renal hilar structures in popular anatomy texts is described as: renal vein, renal artery, and renal pelvis arranged from anterior to posterior. Variations in this arrangement frustrate the vascular surgeon while creating splenorenal anastomoses and performing segmental nephrectomies. The study was carried out in the Department of Anatomy in conjunction with the Department of Anatomy, Vardhman Mahavir Medical College and Safdarjung Hospital, New Delhi on 100 renal blocks in the period of 3 years (2019-2022). Course of renal arteries was classified in the following types: straight ascending, straight descending, straight horizontal, sinuous, tortuous, upward curved, and downward curved. Distance from superior mesenteric artery for left renal artery was 0.83±1.05 cm while it was 0.90±1.11 cm for right renal artery. Length of left renal artery was 2.85±1.29 cm, and right renal artery was 3.70±1.34 cm. The length of right renal artery was longer than left renal artery (P<0.001). Multiple arteries were seen in 24.5% of cases. Renal arteries commonly arose from lateral surface of aorta in 88.93% and from anterior surface in 11.07%. Most common course taken by either of the renal artery was straight horizontal (40.48% left, 33.59% right) followed by straight descending (33.33% left, 31.35% right). Hilar renal artery was the most common type observed (95.24% left and 93.75% right). On an average renal artery on either side gave three branches.","PeriodicalId":7831,"journal":{"name":"Anatomy & Cell Biology","volume":" ","pages":"551-560"},"PeriodicalIF":1.2,"publicationDate":"2025-12-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12719110/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145205343","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

A unique symmetrical variation of the median accessory anterior digastric muscle. 二腹肌正中副前肌的独特对称变异。

IF 1.2

Anatomy & Cell Biology Pub Date : 2025-12-31 Epub Date: 2025-09-25 DOI: 10.5115/acb.25.041

Daniel Andrew Martinez, Everett Johnson, Nicole Marie Zipay

引用次数: 0

Prevalence of variants in gonadal vessels: a systematic review with meta-analysis. 性腺血管变异的患病率：一项系统综述和荟萃分析。

IF 1.2

Anatomy & Cell Biology Pub Date : 2025-12-31 Epub Date: 2025-10-20 DOI: 10.5115/acb.25.161

Ioannis Paschopoulos, George Triantafyllou, Vasileios Ediaroglou, Nikolaos Arkadopoulos, Rǎzvan Costin Tudose, Mugurel Constantin Rusu, George Tsakotos, Juan Jose Valenzuela-Fuenzalida, Maria Piagkou

{"title":"Prevalence of variants in gonadal vessels: a systematic review with meta-analysis.","authors":"Ioannis Paschopoulos, George Triantafyllou, Vasileios Ediaroglou, Nikolaos Arkadopoulos, Rǎzvan Costin Tudose, Mugurel Constantin Rusu, George Tsakotos, Juan Jose Valenzuela-Fuenzalida, Maria Piagkou","doi":"10.5115/acb.25.161","DOIUrl":"10.5115/acb.25.161","url":null,"abstract":"Gonadal arteries (GAs) and gonadal veins (GVs) display substantial anatomical variation, which has direct implications for surgical procedures, radiological interpretation, and fertility management. This study aimed to systematically review and meta-analyze the prevalence, origin, course, and drainage patterns of gonadal vessels in human anatomy. A systematic review and meta-analysis were conducted in line with current Evidence-Based Anatomy and PRISMA 2020 guidelines. A comprehensive search of major databases and anatomical journals yielded 31 eligible studies, comprising data on 2,875 gonadal vessels. The typical GA anatomy (single artery arising from the abdominal aorta) was observed in 98.72% of cases. Accessory GAs were found in 1.12%, most commonly arising from the renal artery (5.52%), with rare origins (<0.01%) from the accessory renal or suprarenal arteries. A normal arterial course was present in 90.24%, while an arched course occurred in 9.76%. The typical GV pattern (single vein draining into the inferior vena cava [IVC] or renal vein) was seen in 94.97%, and accessory GVs in 5.03%. The right GV drained into the IVC in 96.51%, with aberrant drainage to the right renal vein in 4.41%. The left GV drained into the left renal vein in 95.35%, with aberrant IVC drainage in 4.17%. Although the typical gonadal vascular anatomy predominates, variants, especially in GA origin and GV drainage, are not rare and must be recognized. These findings underscore the clinical importance of anatomical awareness in surgical planning, radiological evaluation, and the management of urological and reproductive conditions.","PeriodicalId":7831,"journal":{"name":"Anatomy & Cell Biology","volume":" ","pages":"561-569"},"PeriodicalIF":1.2,"publicationDate":"2025-12-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12719107/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145328045","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Ultrasound observational anatomical guideline for retrobulbar hyaluronidase injection. 球后透明质酸酶注射的超声观察解剖指南。

IF 1.2

Anatomy & Cell Biology Pub Date : 2025-12-31 Epub Date: 2025-10-23 DOI: 10.5115/acb.24.229

Kyu-Ho Yi, Soo-Bin Kim, Hyewon Hu, Jesper Thulesen, Jovian Wan, Hee-Jin Kim

{"title":"Ultrasound observational anatomical guideline for retrobulbar hyaluronidase injection.","authors":"Kyu-Ho Yi, Soo-Bin Kim, Hyewon Hu, Jesper Thulesen, Jovian Wan, Hee-Jin Kim","doi":"10.5115/acb.24.229","DOIUrl":"10.5115/acb.24.229","url":null,"abstract":"The growing use of injectable cosmetic fillers has been accompanied by an increase in reports of acute vision loss, typically caused by inadvertent intravascular injection and subsequent embolization of the ophthalmic artery, resulting in ocular ischemia. Effective management of this complication remains challenging, as clear clinical guidelines for retrobulbar hyaluronidase injection are lacking. This ultrasound-based observational anatomical guideline provides practical recommendations for retrobulbar administration of hyaluronidase. Real-time ultrasonography allows for direct visualisation of orbital anatomy, enabling the injector to identify the optic nerve sheath complex and surrounding vascular structures. The central retinal artery's entry point into the optic canal is a key anatomical landmark for directing treatment. Based on ultrasound observations, the inferolateral quadrant of the orbit is identified as the safest and most accessible entry site, reducing the risk of damage to extraocular muscles, cranial nerves, and major vessels. The use of ultrasonography enhances both precision and safety, supporting timely and effective management of filler-related ocular complications. Ultrasound observation further confirms that the inferolateral orbital approach offers the most reliable and safe access for retrobulbar hyaluronidase injection. The superior orbital rim and close proximity of the globe restrict needle trajectory from above, increasing the risk of ocular injury. In contrast, the inferior approach provides a wider anatomical corridor, reduces the likelihood of direct contact with the eyeball, and allows safer navigation around critical neurovascular structures. Incorporating real-time ultrasound enhances precision, making the inferior approach the preferred route for managing filler-related ocular complications.","PeriodicalId":7831,"journal":{"name":"Anatomy & Cell Biology","volume":" ","pages":"504-510"},"PeriodicalIF":1.2,"publicationDate":"2025-12-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12719111/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145342867","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Possible therapeutic trepanation on a frontal sinus of a skull from the Old Kingdom period of Egypt. 在埃及古王国时期的头骨额窦上可能的治疗性钻孔。

IF 1.1

Anatomy & Cell Biology Pub Date : 2025-12-31 Epub Date: 2025-07-11 DOI: 10.5115/acb.25.119

Hisashi Fujita, In Sun Lee, Jong Ha Hong, Dong Hoon Shin

{"title":"Possible therapeutic trepanation on a frontal sinus of a skull from the Old Kingdom period of Egypt.","authors":"Hisashi Fujita, In Sun Lee, Jong Ha Hong, Dong Hoon Shin","doi":"10.5115/acb.25.119","DOIUrl":"10.5115/acb.25.119","url":null,"abstract":"Trepanation has been reported on skulls from major ancient civilizations since the Neolithic period. In this study, on a skull excavated from the Qau village site during the Old Kingdom period of ancient Egypt (7th to 8th dynasties; 2181-2160 BCE), we found a highly probable sign of therapeutic trepanation in the frontal bone. The practice of trepanation was suggested by the healing sign observed at the site on the frontal bone of case QAU-26. Based on our radiological findings, we presume that this ancient Egyptian male likely suffered from frontal sinus pathology, which may have led to the accumulation of exudates inside the cavity. To alleviate the symptoms of sinusitis, the ancient practitioner may have attempted to induce drainage of exudates from the left frontal sinus by therapeutic trepanation. Our findings are significant in medical history, considering that, thus far, trepanation has been reported rarely in ancient Egyptian civilization. This is also the first reported case of trepanation presumed to have been performed to alleviate paranasal sinusitis, which is of paleopathological and clinical significance.","PeriodicalId":7831,"journal":{"name":"Anatomy & Cell Biology","volume":" ","pages":"544-550"},"PeriodicalIF":1.1,"publicationDate":"2025-12-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12719123/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144607199","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

The transient external granular layer in human foetal cerebellum: insights into neurogenesis, genetic regulation, and developmental disorders. 人类胎儿小脑的瞬时外颗粒层：对神经发生、遗传调控和发育障碍的见解。

IF 1.2

Anatomy & Cell Biology Pub Date : 2025-12-31 Epub Date: 2025-10-15 DOI: 10.5115/acb.25.050

Aamna Kausar, Shalini Sanjeeva Nayak, Sapna Marpalli, Veeresh, Bincy Muthukattu George, Mamatha Hosapatna

{"title":"The transient external granular layer in human foetal cerebellum: insights into neurogenesis, genetic regulation, and developmental disorders.","authors":"Aamna Kausar, Shalini Sanjeeva Nayak, Sapna Marpalli, Veeresh, Bincy Muthukattu George, Mamatha Hosapatna","doi":"10.5115/acb.25.050","DOIUrl":"10.5115/acb.25.050","url":null,"abstract":"The external granular layer (EGL) is a transient yet crucial layer for the formation of cerebellar cortex. Genetic mechanisms, including the sonic hedgehog (SHH) pathway is key to the proliferation of granule cell progenitors (GCPs), and disruptions in this process can lead to cerebellar disorders like medulloblastoma and Dandy-Walker malformation (DWM). The review consolidates findings from studies on human cerebellar development, primarily focusing on neurogenesis, the role of genetic pathways in EGL regulation, and its involvement in congenital disorders. In total 42 articles were comprehensively reviewed and the research gaps in current research on human foetal cerebellum development was highlighted. The key findings from various sections of the review are summarized as follows. In terms of gestational development, the timeline for the appearance and regression of the EGL in humans remains imprecise. Regarding morphometry, the EGL thickness shows a marked increase between 16 and 28 gestational weeks, reaching an average peak of approximately 50.05 μm around 24th to 28th weeks, and then declines during the late third trimester. In the context of gene expression, SHH signalling plays a critical role in driving the proliferation of GCPs within the EGL. When considering congenital disorders, disruptions in EGL development are associated with conditions such as medulloblastomas, DWM, and pilocytic astrocytoma. The review highlights major research gaps and underscores the need for further human-specific studies to enhance understanding and guide therapies for cerebellar disorders.","PeriodicalId":7831,"journal":{"name":"Anatomy & Cell Biology","volume":" ","pages":"511-520"},"PeriodicalIF":1.2,"publicationDate":"2025-12-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12719120/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145290686","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Morphological analysis of Whitnall's tubercle: an anatomical landmark in orbital surgery. 惠特纳结节的形态学分析：眶外科的解剖学里程碑。

IF 1.2

Anatomy & Cell Biology Pub Date : 2025-12-31 Epub Date: 2025-10-17 DOI: 10.5115/acb.25.130

Stanislav Malakhov, Petra Lukacikova, Andrii Shmarhalov, Ladislava Wsolova, Andriy Polovinshchykov, Stefan Polak, Hisham El Falougy

{"title":"Morphological analysis of Whitnall's tubercle: an anatomical landmark in orbital surgery.","authors":"Stanislav Malakhov, Petra Lukacikova, Andrii Shmarhalov, Ladislava Wsolova, Andriy Polovinshchykov, Stefan Polak, Hisham El Falougy","doi":"10.5115/acb.25.130","DOIUrl":"10.5115/acb.25.130","url":null,"abstract":"The orbital tubercle, also known as Whitnall's tubercle, was first described by S.E. Whitnall in 1911 and is a significant anatomical landmark on the zygomatic bone that serves various structural and clinical functions. Understanding its anatomy is essential for protecting adjacent soft tissues during surgical procedures and its role in forensic studies. This study aims to assess the prevalence, precise location, and morphological characteristics of Whitnall's tubercle in adult human skulls. A cross-sectional observational study was conducted on 108 orbital fossae of 54 well-preserved adult human skulls. Whitnall's tubercle was classified as apparent if visible or non-apparent if detectable only by palpation. Its dimensions and distances from nearby anatomical landmarks were measured. Statistical analyses were performed to compare measurements between sides. Whitnall's tubercle was present in 106 (98.1%) out of 108 examined orbital fossae, with 67 classified as apparent and 39 as non-apparent. The mean longitudinal length was 6.59±0.99 mm on the right and 6.86±1.30 mm on the left (P=0.025), while the transverse lengths showed no significant difference (P=0.63). The majority of Whitnall's tubercle presented an oval shape (92.5%), with no significant difference between sides (P=0.63). The distances between Whitnall's tubercle and selected anatomical landmarks showed minor variations, but none reached statistical significance. This study provides valuable insights into the anatomical characteristics of Whitnall's tubercle, emphasizing its clinical relevance in orbital surgery and forensic applications. Understanding these features can enhance surgical precision and improve patient outcomes.","PeriodicalId":7831,"journal":{"name":"Anatomy & Cell Biology","volume":" ","pages":"521-527"},"PeriodicalIF":1.2,"publicationDate":"2025-12-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12719122/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145306871","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Site-dependent differences and common features of lymph node architecture, with special reference to the distribution of nodal dendritic cells and macrophages: a cadaveric study. 淋巴结结构的位点依赖性差异和共同特征，特别是淋巴结树突状细胞和巨噬细胞的分布：一项尸体研究

IF 1.1

Anatomy & Cell Biology Pub Date : 2025-12-31 Epub Date: 2025-08-06 DOI: 10.5115/acb.25.138

Eri Miyamoto, Masaya Aoki, Kei Kitamura, Ryo Sekiya, Kazuma Morita, Gen Murakami, Shinichi Abe

{"title":"Site-dependent differences and common features of lymph node architecture, with special reference to the distribution of nodal dendritic cells and macrophages: a cadaveric study.","authors":"Eri Miyamoto, Masaya Aoki, Kei Kitamura, Ryo Sekiya, Kazuma Morita, Gen Murakami, Shinichi Abe","doi":"10.5115/acb.25.138","DOIUrl":"10.5115/acb.25.138","url":null,"abstract":"Although human lymph node architecture varies by site, the intranodal distribution of interdigitating dendritic cells (DCs) remains poorly understood. To address this, we compared the morphology of submandibular, paratracheal, mesenteric, and inguinal nodes obtained from 24 donated cadavers. Immunoreactivity was evaluated by comparing these cadaveric nodes with surgically resected lymph nodes obtained from five old-aged patients with nonmetastatic cancer. Despite the limited number of dendritic cell-specific ICAM-3-grabbing nonintegrin (DC-SIGN)-positive cells (candidate DCs) in cadaveric specimens, these tissues were deemed suitable for analysis. The submandibular and paratracheal nodes exhibited a belt-like cortex, with paracortical lymph sinus extending from the subcapsular sinus and surrounding the follicle. In contrast, the mesenteric and inguinal nodes contained multiple island-like cortices separated by thick paracortical lymph sinuses. Endothelial cells lining all lymph sinuses showed reactivity for smooth muscle actin and DC-SIGN. Macrophages and candidate DCs were abundant in the paratracheal and mesenteric node sinuses but scarce in the submandibular and inguinal nodes. Notably, the medullary sinus in the submandibular and inguinal nodes was filled with fibrous tissue, and the surrounding paracortical sinuses formed a \"sea\" around the island-like cortices, often resulting in loss of nodal polarization. Although the proportional area occupied by candidate DCs per nodal section was almost the same at the four sites, the overlap between DCs and macrophage clusters was small in paratracheal and inguinal nodes. The amount of afferent lymph and the retention of efferent lymph might determine the site-dependent architecture. Therefore, in aged nodes, DCs were preferentially localized in the paracortical sinus.","PeriodicalId":7831,"journal":{"name":"Anatomy & Cell Biology","volume":" ","pages":"528-543"},"PeriodicalIF":1.1,"publicationDate":"2025-12-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12719114/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144788083","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Junction between membranous and endochondral bones in the developing occipital squamosa. 发育中的枕鳞中膜性骨和软骨内骨之间的连接处。

IF 1.2

Anatomy & Cell Biology Pub Date : 2025-12-31 Epub Date: 2025-07-17 DOI: 10.5115/acb.25.095

Kotoko Imai, Kei Kitamura, Ryo Sekiya, Kazuma Morita, Sakiko Takahashi, Gen Murakami, Jose Francisco Rodríguez-Vázquez, Shinichi Abe

{"title":"Junction between membranous and endochondral bones in the developing occipital squamosa.","authors":"Kotoko Imai, Kei Kitamura, Ryo Sekiya, Kazuma Morita, Sakiko Takahashi, Gen Murakami, Jose Francisco Rodríguez-Vázquez, Shinichi Abe","doi":"10.5115/acb.25.095","DOIUrl":"10.5115/acb.25.095","url":null,"abstract":"The occipital bone squamosa (OCS) is unique because of its double origin from both endochondral and membranous bones. The present study attempted to demonstrate the process of connection between these two bone types. We examined sagittal and frontal histological sections from 29 human fetuses with a crown-rump length ranging from 38 to 328 mm (approximately 7-39 weeks of gestational age [GA]). An initial cartilage plate appeared in the posterior side of the fourth ventricle at GA 7-8 weeks and extended inferiorly to connect with the cartilaginous basioccipital and condyle. At GA 9-10 weeks, on the superior side of the cartilage plate, membranous bone fragments appeared and adopted an arrangement resembling a chain of irregularly-shaped beads. They did not form a complete plate-like bone until late-term. At GA 11-12 weeks, endochondral ossification centers appeared at the upper and lower ends of the cartilage plate. At GA 12-15 weeks, a bar-like periosteal bone developed near and superior to the upper ossification center. Notably, sinusoidal structures, which were surrounded by growing periosteal bones, contained island-like clusters of calcified cartilage fragments. Therefore, the upper ossification center appeared likely to \"migrate\" downward and become distant from membranous bones. The extending periosteal bone reached and joined the membranous bone fragments. Consequently, the periosteal bones connected between the endochondral and membranous bones in the OCS. This connection was quite different from the other components of the calvaria, where membranous bones overlap the skull base cartilages at the margin.","PeriodicalId":7831,"journal":{"name":"Anatomy & Cell Biology","volume":" ","pages":"570-580"},"PeriodicalIF":1.2,"publicationDate":"2025-12-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12719115/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144648350","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0