Anatomy & Cell Biology最新文献

Jejunum and ileum histopathology in male Sprague-Dawley rats exposed to alcohol and combination anti-retroviral therapy. 酒精和抗逆转录病毒联合治疗对雄性Sprague-Dawley大鼠空肠和回肠组织病理学的影响。

IF 1.2

Anatomy & Cell Biology Pub Date : 2025-10-13 DOI: 10.5115/acb.25.151

Zekhethelo Maseko, Jaclyn Asouzu Johnson, Pedzisai Mazengenya, Thifhelimbilu Luvhengo, Ejikeme Felix Mbajiorgu

{"title":"Jejunum and ileum histopathology in male Sprague-Dawley rats exposed to alcohol and combination anti-retroviral therapy.","authors":"Zekhethelo Maseko, Jaclyn Asouzu Johnson, Pedzisai Mazengenya, Thifhelimbilu Luvhengo, Ejikeme Felix Mbajiorgu","doi":"10.5115/acb.25.151","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5115/acb.25.151","url":null,"abstract":"A significant number of individuals on combination anti-retroviral therapy (cART) are also chronic alcohol consumers. Alcohol and cART independently induce perturbed intestinal function, but their combined effects on Paneth cells (PCs) and intestinal stem cells (ISCs) remain unclear. Thirty-two adult male Sprague-Dawley rats were divided into 4 groups and treated with normal saline, alcohol treated (AC), cART, and a combination of alcohol and cART (AC+cART) for 90 days. Sections of the small intestine were studied for histomorphology, PC granules, crypts, and ISCs in the jejunum and ileum using hematoxylin and eosin, Alcian Blue Periodic Acid-Schiff, Masson trichrome stains, and immunohistochemistry. This study reveals alcohol-induced collagen increase and cART-induced impairment in the crypts, PC granules, and diminished Musashi-1 expression of ISCs, in the jejunum and ileum. Additionally, depleted goblet cells, crypt depth, and number, but increased intestinal wall thickness and collagen in the ileum of the AC+cART group. Minimal PC granules in the stem cell and transit amplifying zone, with reduced Musashi-1 expression in the jejunum and ileum of the AC+cART group. Moreover, all the independent effects of alcohol and cART are exacerbated in the AC+cART group, resulting in perturbations of the small intestine epithelium, ISC, and PC granules, which may adversely affect the regulation of gut innate immunity, intestinal absorptive function, with adverse health outcomes when exposed to infections. These findings are clinically invaluable in managing patients who receive cART prophylaxis, considering the critical significance of PCs and ISCs in the absorption of medications and necessary nutrients for better treatment outcomes.","PeriodicalId":7831,"journal":{"name":"Anatomy & Cell Biology","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.2,"publicationDate":"2025-10-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145278915","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Morphology and morphometry of renal arteries in Indian cadavers. 印度尸体肾动脉的形态学和形态计量学。

IF 1.2

Anatomy & Cell Biology Pub Date : 2025-10-02 DOI: 10.5115/acb.25.044

Sweta Maurya

{"title":"Morphology and morphometry of renal arteries in Indian cadavers.","authors":"Sweta Maurya","doi":"10.5115/acb.25.044","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5115/acb.25.044","url":null,"abstract":"The classical arrangement of renal hilar structures in popular anatomy texts is described as: renal vein, renal artery, and renal pelvis arranged from anterior to posterior. Variations in this arrangement frustrate the vascular surgeon while creating splenorenal anastomoses and performing segmental nephrectomies. The study was carried out in the Department of Anatomy in conjunction with the Department of Anatomy, Vardhman Mahavir Medical College and Safdarjung Hospital, New Delhi on 100 renal blocks in the period of 3 years (2019-2022). Course of renal arteries was classified in the following types: straight ascending, straight descending, straight horizontal, sinuous, tortuous, upward curved, and downward curved. Distance from superior mesenteric artery for left renal artery was 0.83±1.05 cm while it was 0.90±1.11 cm for right renal artery. Length of left renal artery was 2.85±1.29 cm, and right renal artery was 3.70±1.34 cm. The length of right renal artery was longer than left renal artery (P<0.001). Multiple arteries were seen in 24.5% of cases. Renal arteries commonly arose from lateral surface of aorta in 88.93% and from anterior surface in 11.07%. Most common course taken by either of the renal artery was straight horizontal (40.48% left, 33.59% right) followed by straight descending (33.33% left, 31.35% right). Hilar renal artery was the most common type observed (95.24% left and 93.75% right). On an average renal artery on either side gave three branches.","PeriodicalId":7831,"journal":{"name":"Anatomy & Cell Biology","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.2,"publicationDate":"2025-10-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145205343","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Evaluation of gibberellic acid toxicity on pre and postnatal ovarian development and potential protective effect of selenium in albino rats: histological, immunohistochemical, and biochemical study. 赤霉素酸对白化病大鼠出生前后卵巢发育的毒性及硒的潜在保护作用：组织学、免疫组织化学和生化研究。

IF 1.2

Anatomy & Cell Biology Pub Date : 2025-09-30 Epub Date: 2025-04-08 DOI: 10.5115/acb.24.305

Shimaa A Fareed, Amira El Sayed Farag, Eman M Kamel Elshireef

{"title":"Evaluation of gibberellic acid toxicity on pre and postnatal ovarian development and potential protective effect of selenium in albino rats: histological, immunohistochemical, and biochemical study.","authors":"Shimaa A Fareed, Amira El Sayed Farag, Eman M Kamel Elshireef","doi":"10.5115/acb.24.305","DOIUrl":"10.5115/acb.24.305","url":null,"abstract":"Gibberellic acid (GA3) is a biocide with insecticidal properties. Selenium (Se) has an enzymatic structure that mediates its antioxidant activities. This study aimed to assess the GA3 toxicity on pre and postnatal ovarian development and to investigate the protective effect of Se against GA3 toxicity in albino rats. Two experiments were conducted in this study (n=24 rats for each): the first was performed on pregnant female rats and the second on prepubertal females (4 weeks old). Rats were divided into Group I (controls: Ia, negative and Ib, positive rats received sodium selenite 0.3 mg/kg/body weight); Group II (GA3-treated, the rats received 55 mg/kg, 1/100 of lethal dose 50); and Group III (the rats were cotreated with GA3 plus Se). Treatments in the first experiment began at gestational day 7 until postnatal day 4, while in the second experiment, treatments lasted two weeks. All hormonal levels were decreased in pre and postnatal GA3 rats' exposure. Histological examination of GA3-treated prenatal rats showed disturbance in ovarian development as shown by ovigerous cords with germ cell breakdown. Meanwhile, multiple histopathological and developmental changes occur in all stages of the ovarian follicles in postnatal rats. In both developmental ages, there was collagen deposition with decreased proliferative marker and androgen receptor expressions, which was confirmed by a decrease in the morphometric measures of the ovarian follicles. All biochemical, immunostaining, and histological results were improved after Se co-administration due to its antioxidant activity against GA3 toxicity.","PeriodicalId":7831,"journal":{"name":"Anatomy & Cell Biology","volume":" ","pages":"427-443"},"PeriodicalIF":1.2,"publicationDate":"2025-09-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143802224","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Histomorphogenesis of human pancreatic islets amidst maternal anaemia: a critical insight. 人胰岛在母体贫血中的组织形态发生：一个关键的见解。

IF 1.2

Anatomy & Cell Biology Pub Date : 2025-09-30 Epub Date: 2025-04-23 DOI: 10.5115/acb.24.274

Sruthy Babu, Pravash Ranjan Mishra, Praveen Kumar Ravi, Sashikanta Swain, Jasmina Begum, Madhumita Patnaik

{"title":"Histomorphogenesis of human pancreatic islets amidst maternal anaemia: a critical insight.","authors":"Sruthy Babu, Pravash Ranjan Mishra, Praveen Kumar Ravi, Sashikanta Swain, Jasmina Begum, Madhumita Patnaik","doi":"10.5115/acb.24.274","DOIUrl":"10.5115/acb.24.274","url":null,"abstract":"Maternal anaemia, the most common nutritional deficiency, adversely affects the growth and development of the fetus as a whole and the fetal pancreas in particular. These changes lead to the young onset of diabetes in the near future. To understand the pathophysiology behind this, present study investigates the histomorphogenesis of human fetal pancreatic islets and the impact of maternal anaemia on islet dimension, area proportion, and cellular composition across various gestational weeks using immunohistochemistry. The research was conducted on 18 human fetal pancreases obtained from spontaneous abortions or stillbirths between 17 to 36 weeks of gestation, categorized into normal (n=10) and anaemic (n=8) maternal groups. Results revealed a larger islet diameter in fetuses from anaemic mothers compared to the non-anaemic group (P=0.039). The beta cell percentage was significantly lower in the anaemic group across all gestational ages (P=0.003), while the alpha cell proportion remained unchanged in the anaemic group but increased significantly in the non-anaemic group after 20 weeks (P=0.006). The non-alpha/beta cell proportion in anaemic group was consistently higher than in the non-anaemic group. In conclusion, maternal anaemia results in the reprogramming of fetal pancreatic islets, characterized by a reduction in beta cell proportion, an increase in non-alpha/beta cells, and a disruption in the alpha-to-beta cell ratio. These changes may impair fetal pancreatic function and predispose the offspring to glucose intolerance and diabetes in later life. Ensuring adequate maternal nutrition through iron and folic acid supplementation during pregnancy is essential to prevent these developmental disruptions.","PeriodicalId":7831,"journal":{"name":"Anatomy & Cell Biology","volume":" ","pages":"418-426"},"PeriodicalIF":1.2,"publicationDate":"2025-09-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143958200","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Orbital roof cartilage and bone in human fetuses with special reference to changing territories among the ala minor of the sphenoid, frontal bone, and ethmoid. 人类胎儿的眶顶软骨和骨，特别涉及在蝶翼、额骨和筛骨之间的区域变化。

IF 1.2

Anatomy & Cell Biology Pub Date : 2025-09-30 Epub Date: 2025-06-30 DOI: 10.5115/acb.25.100

Zimeng Li, Zhe-Wu Jin, Chun-Ai Li, Masahito Yamamoto, Gen Murakami, Jose Francisco Rodríguez-Vázquez, Shogo Hayashi

{"title":"Orbital roof cartilage and bone in human fetuses with special reference to changing territories among the ala minor of the sphenoid, frontal bone, and ethmoid.","authors":"Zimeng Li, Zhe-Wu Jin, Chun-Ai Li, Masahito Yamamoto, Gen Murakami, Jose Francisco Rodríguez-Vázquez, Shogo Hayashi","doi":"10.5115/acb.25.100","DOIUrl":"10.5115/acb.25.100","url":null,"abstract":"The orbital roof in adults consists mainly of the frontal bone (FB), with the ala minor of the sphenoid at the posterior margin. In fetuses, these bones have been observed to overlap at the junction. The present study examined sagittal, frontal, and horizontal histological sections from 38 human fetuses at a gestational age (GA) of approximately 7-39 weeks. At GA 7-8 weeks, the ala minor extended anterolaterally from the orbitosphenoid, covering the posteromedial quadrant of the roof until GA 9 weeks and reaching to almost the center of the roof at late-term. Simultaneously, the FB appeared in front of the cerebral frontal lobe, reached the anterolateral corner of the roof, and at late-term, it extended posteromedially to cover at least the anterior half of the orbit. In addition, a superolateral plate of the ethmoid, originating from the future cribriform plate, covered the medial marginal part of the roof and had a maximum area at GA 11-16 weeks. At the junction, the FB overlapped and extended below the ala minor or ethmoid. Therefore, at birth, the FB and ala minor seemed to overlap widely at the central one-third of the orbital roof. Because the ala minor was ossified at late-term, postnatal degeneration and absorption were unlikely. The fetal anterior skull base was not flat because of the delayed elevation of the nose and the deeply caved cranial fossa. The overlapping bone and cartilage might slide and migrate, providing materials for reconstruction and later growth of the skull base.","PeriodicalId":7831,"journal":{"name":"Anatomy & Cell Biology","volume":" ","pages":"395-411"},"PeriodicalIF":1.2,"publicationDate":"2025-09-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144526120","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

The maxillary vein: an anatomical narrative review with clinical implications for oral and maxillofacial surgeons. 上颌静脉：口腔颌面外科的临床意义解剖叙述回顾。

IF 1.2

Anatomy & Cell Biology Pub Date : 2025-09-30 Epub Date: 2025-06-09 DOI: 10.5115/acb.25.024

Kazzara Raeburn, Yohei Takeshita, Hiroaki Takakura, Shogo Kikuta, Yuki Kunisada, Soichiro Ibaragi, Rarinthorn Samrid, Marios Loukas, R Shane Tubbs, Joe Iwanaga

{"title":"The maxillary vein: an anatomical narrative review with clinical implications for oral and maxillofacial surgeons.","authors":"Kazzara Raeburn, Yohei Takeshita, Hiroaki Takakura, Shogo Kikuta, Yuki Kunisada, Soichiro Ibaragi, Rarinthorn Samrid, Marios Loukas, R Shane Tubbs, Joe Iwanaga","doi":"10.5115/acb.25.024","DOIUrl":"10.5115/acb.25.024","url":null,"abstract":"The maxillary vein, despite its clinical significance, remains underexplored in anatomical literature. It plays a crucial role in venous drainage of the maxillofacial region and is closely associated with surgical procedures such as sagittal split ramus osteotomy, mandibuloplasty, and condylar or parotid surgeries. Due to its variable anatomy and proximity to critical structures, the maxillary vein poses a risk of significant hemorrhage if injured. Its small size and deep location make preoperative identification challenging, especially without contrast-enhanced imaging. Embryologically, the maxillary vein originates from the primitive maxillary vein and develops through complex anastomoses with other craniofacial veins. Anatomical studies have revealed several variations, including the presence of accessory mandibular foramina and unusual venous connections, which may increase surgical risk. Understanding the detailed anatomy and potential variations of the maxillary vein is essential for minimizing complications and improving surgical outcomes. Despite its importance, more anatomical and clinical research is needed to better define its course, variations, and implications in oral and maxillofacial surgery.","PeriodicalId":7831,"journal":{"name":"Anatomy & Cell Biology","volume":" ","pages":"317-321"},"PeriodicalIF":1.2,"publicationDate":"2025-09-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144245956","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

The muscular branching characteristics of the deep peroneal nerve in adult human cadavers. 成人尸体腓深神经的肌肉分支特征。

IF 1.2

Anatomy & Cell Biology Pub Date : 2025-09-30 Epub Date: 2025-05-23 DOI: 10.5115/acb.25.017

Kıvanç Goral, Tania Marur

{"title":"The muscular branching characteristics of the deep peroneal nerve in adult human cadavers.","authors":"Kıvanç Goral, Tania Marur","doi":"10.5115/acb.25.017","DOIUrl":"10.5115/acb.25.017","url":null,"abstract":"The aim of this study was to investigate the number of muscular branches and muscular branching characteristics of the deep peroneal nerve to the muscles. In this study, a total of 16 lower extremities from 8 male cadavers fixed with formalin, ethanol, and glycerol solution were dissected and the number of muscular branches of the deep peroneal nerve and muscular branching features were investigated. It was observed that 31.5% of the muscular branches given by the deep peroneal nerve came to the tibialis anterior muscle, 28.9% to the extensor digitorum longus muscle, 25.5% to the extensor hallucis longus muscle, 11.4% to the peroneus tertius muscle and 2.7% to the peroneus longus muscle. Muscular branches to the tibialis anterior muscle, extensor digitorum longus muscle, and peroneus tertius muscle were generally originated from the deep peroneal nerve in the proximal 1/3 of the leg. Muscular branches to the extensor hallucis longus muscle arose usually from the deep peroneal nerve in the middle 1/3 of the leg. We think that the data we obtained in our research will reduce the rate of important complications such as neurovascular injury in interventions planned for the deep peroneal nerve and the structures adjacent to the nerve.","PeriodicalId":7831,"journal":{"name":"Anatomy & Cell Biology","volume":" ","pages":"357-364"},"PeriodicalIF":1.2,"publicationDate":"2025-09-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144126638","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Evaluating relation terms and comparison in Terminologia Anatomica: a study on supreme. 《解剖学术语》中关系术语的评价与比较——以supreme为例。

IF 1.2

Anatomy & Cell Biology Pub Date : 2025-09-30 Epub Date: 2025-06-04 DOI: 10.5115/acb.25.056

Laura García-Orozco, Jhonatan Duque-Colorado, Mariano Del Sol

{"title":"Evaluating relation terms and comparison in Terminologia Anatomica: a study on supreme.","authors":"Laura García-Orozco, Jhonatan Duque-Colorado, Mariano Del Sol","doi":"10.5115/acb.25.056","DOIUrl":"10.5115/acb.25.056","url":null,"abstract":"The terms of relationship and comparison, which consist of 44 elements grouped as general terms in Terminologia Anatomica, describe the location of anatomical structures and facilitate communication between health professionals and students. During a review in Terminologia Anatomica, the term 'supreme' was found in various structures. However, it is not part of the general terms, which could create confusion when describing and comparing anatomical structures. For this reason, this study aimed to analyze the relevance of supreme and its possible relationship with the superior term. A review of Terminologia Anatomica was conducted to identify structures designated by the adjective \"supreme\" or its Latin equivalent, suprema. The term was then categorized based on anatomical context. An etymological analysis of supreme and superior revealed that both terms stem from the Latin root super, meaning above or over. However, over time, each term evolved with distinct meanings. In Terminologia Anatomica, 'superior' is used as a comparative adjective for a higher position relative to another structure. 'Supreme' is a superlative adjective that indicates the highest level and the designation of structures in a principal position relative to others. Due to inconsistent usage, we suggest including 'supreme' in Terminologia Anatomica and unifying its application. Specifically, it should be limited to structures where terms such as superior, middle, and inferior are applied and when describing structures that occupy a principal position relative to others. In this sense, we suggest changing the supreme, superior and inferior nuchal lines to superior, middle and inferior nuchal lines, respectively.","PeriodicalId":7831,"journal":{"name":"Anatomy & Cell Biology","volume":" ","pages":"412-417"},"PeriodicalIF":1.2,"publicationDate":"2025-09-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144214638","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Absent right superior vena cava and persistent left superior vena cava opening into the left auricle with transposition of the azygos system of veins. 右上腔静脉缺失，左上腔静脉持续存在，进入左耳廓，静脉奇静脉系统移位。

IF 1.2

Anatomy & Cell Biology Pub Date : 2025-09-30 Epub Date: 2025-04-10 DOI: 10.5115/acb.24.255

Nanditha Pavikuttan, Kshema Jose, Minnie Pillay

引用次数: 0

A potential interference of chemoreception in inflamed vomeronasal organ with experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis. 实验性自身免疫性脑脊髓炎炎症的犁鼻器官化疗接受的潜在干扰

IF 1.2

Anatomy & Cell Biology Pub Date : 2025-09-30 Epub Date: 2025-05-23 DOI: 10.5115/acb.25.020

Kyungsook Jung, Deokho Ko, Sungmoo Hong, Irene Ortiz-Leal, Pablo Sanchez-Quinteiro, Meejung Ahn, Changjong Moon, Taeyoung Kang, Taekyun Shin, Jeongtae Kim

引用次数: 0