Anatomy & Cell Biology最新文献

Comprehensive morphometric analysis of the jugular foramen and its septations in cadavers and dry skulls. 尸体和干颅骨颈静脉孔及其间隔的综合形态计量学分析。

IF 1.2

Anatomy & Cell Biology Pub Date : 2026-05-08 DOI: 10.5115/acb.25.373

Suphatsorn Hathaidechadusadee, Vilai Chentanez

{"title":"Comprehensive morphometric analysis of the jugular foramen and its septations in cadavers and dry skulls.","authors":"Suphatsorn Hathaidechadusadee, Vilai Chentanez","doi":"10.5115/acb.25.373","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5115/acb.25.373","url":null,"abstract":"The jugular foramen (JF) is a complex anatomical region transmitting cranial nerves IX-XI and the internal jugular vein, where variations in its dural and bony septations can influence tumor spread, venous drainage, and surgical access. This study examined the morphology and morphometry of the JF using 200 dry skulls and 39 formalin-fixed cadavers. Extracranial features, including bony septation (BS), jugular dome, and JF-stylomastoid foramen distance, were evaluated in skulls, while intracranial dural septation (DS), sigmoid sinus (SS) diameter, and JF-internal acoustic meatus distance was measured in cadavers. BS was identified in 42.8% of foramina, most commonly Type I (37.3%), followed by Type II (5.0%) and Type III (0.5%). Type I BS predominantly originated from the temporal bone. The jugular dome was bilaterally present in 52.5% of skulls and was significantly deeper in males. The JF was consistently larger on the right in both length and width, while the JF-stylomastoid foramen distance was greater on the left. DS was present in all cadavers, with Type I predominating (89.7%), followed by Type III (3.9%) and Type IV (6.4%), whereas Type II (absence of septation) was not observed. The SS was significantly larger on the right and in males, and the mean JF-internal acoustic meatus distance measured approximately 6 mm bilaterally. These findings highlight distinct JF morphology in the regional anatomical collections emphasizing the importance of understanding anatomical variation for improving radiologic interpretation and ensuring safe skull base surgical approaches.","PeriodicalId":7831,"journal":{"name":"Anatomy & Cell Biology","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.2,"publicationDate":"2026-05-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147832674","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Comprehensive review of the cerebral aqueduct: anatomy, embryology, imaging, genetics, molecular, and pathology. 脑导水管的全面回顾：解剖学，胚胎学，影像学，遗传学，分子和病理学。

IF 1.2

Anatomy & Cell Biology Pub Date : 2026-05-08 DOI: 10.5115/acb.25.347

Gabrielle Dituri, Noritaka Komune, Nicolás E Ottone, Nikola Vučinić, Carmine Antonio Donofrio, Filippo Badaloni, Antonio Fioravanti, Joe Iwanaga, C J Bui, Joseph Lockwood, Aaron S Dumont, R Shane Tubbs

{"title":"Comprehensive review of the cerebral aqueduct: anatomy, embryology, imaging, genetics, molecular, and pathology.","authors":"Gabrielle Dituri, Noritaka Komune, Nicolás E Ottone, Nikola Vučinić, Carmine Antonio Donofrio, Filippo Badaloni, Antonio Fioravanti, Joe Iwanaga, C J Bui, Joseph Lockwood, Aaron S Dumont, R Shane Tubbs","doi":"10.5115/acb.25.347","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5115/acb.25.347","url":null,"abstract":"The cerebral aqueduct (CA), or aqueduct of Sylvius, is the narrowest portion of the ventricular system, connecting the third and fourth ventricles and providing an essential conduit for cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) circulation. Despite its small caliber, the CA transmits over 500 ml of CSF daily, and its vulnerability to obstruction makes it central to the pathophysiology of hydrocephalus. This review synthesizes current knowledge of the CA across developmental, anatomical, and clinical dimensions. We examine its embryological formation and the contribution of structures such as the subcommissural organ and Reissner's fiber, highlighting comparative features across species, and evaluate the dynamic physiology of CSF flow in relation to age and disease states. Advances in imaging modalities, including high-resolution magnetic resonance imaging and fetal ultrasound, are summarized in the contexts of both research and clinical practice. Pathological considerations are addressed, ranging from congenital anomalies (e.g., aqueductal webs, Chiari malformations, cavernomas, and forking) to acquired lesions (e.g., gliosis, neoplasia, and trauma-induced stenosis). The genetic underpinnings of aqueductal stenosis are reviewed, emphasizing L1CAM mutations and broader molecular pathways implicated in congenital hydrocephalus. Surgical strategies, including endoscopic third ventriculostomy, aqueductoplasty, and transaqueductal stenting, are critically appraised in terms of efficacy, complication profiles, and long-term outcomes. Overall, this review underscores the CA as a nexus of neurodevelopment, neuropathology, and neurosurgical innovation, and identifies gaps in knowledge that merit future investigation.","PeriodicalId":7831,"journal":{"name":"Anatomy & Cell Biology","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.2,"publicationDate":"2026-05-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147832720","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Distinct delayed development of the basisphenoid-ethmoid interface in human fetuses: a histological study using human fetuses. 人类胎儿基底-筛界面发育明显延迟：一项使用人类胎儿的组织学研究。

IF 1.2

Anatomy & Cell Biology Pub Date : 2026-04-30 DOI: 10.5115/acb.25.299

Ai Hirano-Kawamoto, Masahito Yamamoto, Yohei Honkura, Gen Murakami, Shogo Hayashi, Yukio Katori

{"title":"Distinct delayed development of the basisphenoid-ethmoid interface in human fetuses: a histological study using human fetuses.","authors":"Ai Hirano-Kawamoto, Masahito Yamamoto, Yohei Honkura, Gen Murakami, Shogo Hayashi, Yukio Katori","doi":"10.5115/acb.25.299","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5115/acb.25.299","url":null,"abstract":"In non-human primates, the presphenoid-ethmoid synchondrosis (PSept) functions as a major growth center of the midline skull base, yet whether humans possess a developmental analogue remains unresolved. To clarify whether a human counterpart exists, we re-examined the basisphenoid-ethmoid (SPH-ETH) junction using sagittal histological sections from 20 human fetuses (11-39 weeks) preserved in the Akita University collection. At 15-16 weeks, chondrocytes in the anterior portion of the SPH-immediately anterior to the pituitary fossa-became slender or irregularly shaped with increased extracellular matrix, forming a distinct low-density zone (<8 cells per 0.1 mm2) compared with adjacent SPH cartilage (>15 cells per 0.1 mm2). In late-term fetuses (≥29 weeks), this zone expanded vertically to reach both the superior and inferior perichondria and appeared less basophilic, often containing fibrous or mesh-like structures. Notably, two late-term fetuses (35 and 39 weeks) displayed an additional anterior ossification center immediately in front of this low-density zone, creating a bipolar ossification pattern analogous to that of the PSept in non-human primates. In these specimens, parallel collagen bundles oriented supero-inferiorly were also observed across the interface. Taken together, these findings identify a reproducible, sparsely populated, fiber-containing cartilage region at the human SPH-ETH junction, frequently associated with an anterior ossification center. We propose that this region represents the human analogue of the PSept and that the \"transient presphenoid\" becomes incorporated into the definitive ethmoid during late fetal development.","PeriodicalId":7831,"journal":{"name":"Anatomy & Cell Biology","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.2,"publicationDate":"2026-04-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147760114","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Evaluation of relevant anatomy for cervical erector spinae plane block using paediatric computed tomography scans. 应用儿科计算机断层扫描评价颈竖脊平面阻滞的相关解剖。

IF 1.2

Anatomy & Cell Biology Pub Date : 2026-04-28 DOI: 10.5115/acb.25.326

Adri Nel, Albert-Neels van Schoor, Farhana Ebrahim Suleman, Adrian T Bösenberg, Sabashnee Govender

{"title":"Evaluation of relevant anatomy for cervical erector spinae plane block using paediatric computed tomography scans.","authors":"Adri Nel, Albert-Neels van Schoor, Farhana Ebrahim Suleman, Adrian T Bösenberg, Sabashnee Govender","doi":"10.5115/acb.25.326","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5115/acb.25.326","url":null,"abstract":"The primary aim of this study was to provide foundational anatomical knowledge that may be valuable when performing a cervical erector spinae plane block (ESPB) with or without ultrasound guidance in a paediatric sample. This included measuring the distance from the spinous process to the tip of the transverse process at the C6 and C7 vertebral levels, the depth from the skin to the most medial points of the erector spinae muscle, and the most posterior points of the sternocleidomastoid muscle at the C6 and C7 vertebral levels. Ninety axial computed tomography (CT) images were randomly selected from the database of radiographic images at the Department of Radiology, Steve Biko Academic Hospital. The age and sex of the patients were recorded. The 90 axial CT scans consisted of 30 scans for each of the age groups defined by the American Medical Association, i.e., neonates (age range: 0-2 months), infants (age range: 2 months-2 years), and children (age range: 2-12 years). Gridlines were placed over the tips of the left and right transverse processes to ensure that points were perpendicular to the structure, and various measurements were taken bilaterally. Significant differences were observed between the majority of the measurements for the different age groups. Statistically significant differences were observed between the measurements for males and females in some instances. These results provide pediatric anesthesiologists with useful anatomical reference data when performing a cervical ESPB at vertebral level C6 or C7, particularly where ultrasound guidance is not available.","PeriodicalId":7831,"journal":{"name":"Anatomy & Cell Biology","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.2,"publicationDate":"2026-04-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147760151","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Clinical anatomy of the superior labial branch of infraorbital nerve. 眶下神经唇上支的临床解剖。

IF 1.2

Anatomy & Cell Biology Pub Date : 2026-04-27 DOI: 10.5115/acb.25.150

Hiroaki Takakura, Airi Tanai, Yuki Kunisada, Shogo Kikuta, Norio Kitagawa, Soichiro Ibaragi, Mi-Sun Hur, Rizwan Aslam, R Shane Tubbs, Joe Iwanaga

{"title":"Clinical anatomy of the superior labial branch of infraorbital nerve.","authors":"Hiroaki Takakura, Airi Tanai, Yuki Kunisada, Shogo Kikuta, Norio Kitagawa, Soichiro Ibaragi, Mi-Sun Hur, Rizwan Aslam, R Shane Tubbs, Joe Iwanaga","doi":"10.5115/acb.25.150","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5115/acb.25.150","url":null,"abstract":"The infraorbital nerve (ION), a branch of the maxillary division of the trigeminal nerve, provides sensory innervation to the midface via its terminal divisions. Among these, the superior labial branch (SLb) supplies the upper lip and adjacent mucosa, regions frequently involved in oral, maxillofacial, and cosmetic procedures. Despite its clinical importance, the anatomy of the SLb has received relatively limited attention compared with other ION branches. This review synthesizes current evidence on the SLb's course, branching patterns, innervation, morphometry, and variations, with emphasis on its relevance to surgical practice. Anatomical studies demonstrate that the SLb is the largest terminal division of the ION, often exhibiting medial and lateral subdivisions that anastomose with neighboring nerves. Its distribution predominantly follows a vertical orientation, supplying both cutaneous and mucosal structures of the upper lip. Variability in origin, branching, and accessory foramina underscores the need for careful surgical planning. Injury to the SLb is a recognized complication of Le Fort I osteotomy, midfacial trauma, and periapical procedures, potentially leading to long-term sensory disturbances. A comprehensive understanding of the SLb enhances intraoperative nerve preservation and may reduce postoperative morbidity, highlighting its significance for clinicians operating in the midfacial region.","PeriodicalId":7831,"journal":{"name":"Anatomy & Cell Biology","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.2,"publicationDate":"2026-04-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147760064","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Perception and determinants of willingness for voluntary body donation in a tertiary-care population in North-East India: a cross-sectional study. 印度东北部三级医疗人群自愿遗体捐献意愿的感知和决定因素：一项横断面研究。

IF 1.2

Anatomy & Cell Biology Pub Date : 2026-04-24 DOI: 10.5115/acb.25.388

Praveen K, Muralidhar Reddy Sangam, Dibyajyoti Saikia, Vinay G, Momota Wahengbam

{"title":"Perception and determinants of willingness for voluntary body donation in a tertiary-care population in North-East India: a cross-sectional study.","authors":"Praveen K, Muralidhar Reddy Sangam, Dibyajyoti Saikia, Vinay G, Momota Wahengbam","doi":"10.5115/acb.25.388","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5115/acb.25.388","url":null,"abstract":"Cadaveric dissection remains vital in early medical education, yet India faces persistent cadaver shortages. Main objectives of this study were to estimate awareness and willingness toward body donation and to identify independent determinants of willingness among adults attending a tertiary-care outpatient department in North-East India. We conducted a cross-sectional questionnaire survey of adult patients and attendants at All India Institute of Medical Sciences, Guwahati (March-May 2025). The main outcome was willingness to donate one's body after death. Predictors included demographics, residence, education/occupation, morbidity, comfort discussing voluntary body donation, information sources, knowledge (\"where to donate,\" \"who can consent,\" \"importance of body donation\"), perceived family agreement, and advocacy. Multivariable logistic regression estimated adjusted odds ratios (aORs) of 309 respondents (mean age 35.3±10.5 years; 64.1% male), the most frequently cited barrier to willingness was the desire to fulfil religious rites after death (52.3%). In the adjusted model (n=233), family agreement (aOR 15.50; 95% CI: 6.29-38.22) and encouraging others (aOR 7.90; 95% CI: 2.97-21.02) were the only independent positive predictors. Urban residence (aOR 0.68; 95% CI: 0.36-1.29) and knowing where to donate (aOR 1.97; 95% CI: 0.97-4.00) showed suggestive, non-significant trends. Willingness for body donation depends mainly on expected family approval and peer influence but not demographic profile or knowledge. Efforts should focus on helping families accept donation and empowering local advocates, alongside respectful cultural engagement and clear donation logistics.","PeriodicalId":7831,"journal":{"name":"Anatomy & Cell Biology","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.2,"publicationDate":"2026-04-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147760145","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

A comprehensive review of the denticulate ligaments: application to surgery of the craniocervical junction and spine. 齿状韧带的综合综述：在颅颈交界和脊柱手术中的应用。

IF 1.2

Anatomy & Cell Biology Pub Date : 2026-04-20 DOI: 10.5115/acb.25.376

Andrew T Casteel, Lauren M Dumont, Rarinthorn Samrid, Yoko Tabira, Kazzara Raeburn, Kathleen Bubb, Noritaka Komune, Aaron S Dumont, Miguel Angel Reina, Joe Iwanaga, R Shane Tubbs

{"title":"A comprehensive review of the denticulate ligaments: application to surgery of the craniocervical junction and spine.","authors":"Andrew T Casteel, Lauren M Dumont, Rarinthorn Samrid, Yoko Tabira, Kazzara Raeburn, Kathleen Bubb, Noritaka Komune, Aaron S Dumont, Miguel Angel Reina, Joe Iwanaga, R Shane Tubbs","doi":"10.5115/acb.25.376","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5115/acb.25.376","url":null,"abstract":"The denticulate ligaments (DLs) are lateral pial extensions that tether the spinal cord to the dura mater and serve as important anatomical and surgical landmarks. Despite their long-standing description in anatomical literature, substantial controversy remains regarding their number, morphology, attachments, function, and clinical significance. The purpose of this review is to provide a comprehensive and updated synthesis of the gross anatomy, histology, development, variations, biomechanics, imaging characteristics, pathology, and surgical relevance of the DLs. Classical and contemporary cadaveric studies demonstrate marked regional differences in DL morphology, thickness, and dural attachment patterns, with distinct features at cervical, thoracic, and intracranial levels. Histological evidence confirms a collagenous core with region-specific fiber orientation and leptomeningeal continuity. Developmental and pathological studies further reveal variability, including absence, duplication, hypertrophy, and abnormal attachments, which may contribute to neurological symptoms or complicate surgical approaches. Biomechanical data suggest a limited but region-dependent role in spinal cord stabilization. Clinically, the DLs are critical landmarks in spinal and craniocervical surgery and may influence operative strategy in conditions such as tumors, Chiari malformations, tethered cord, and spasmodic torticollis. A precise understanding of DL anatomy is therefore essential for safe and effective neurosurgical practice.","PeriodicalId":7831,"journal":{"name":"Anatomy & Cell Biology","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.2,"publicationDate":"2026-04-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147721589","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Anatomical and expressive significance of the brachioradialis in Michelangelo's Moses. 米开朗基罗《摩西》中肱桡肌的解剖和表达意义。

IF 1.2

Anatomy & Cell Biology Pub Date : 2026-04-14 DOI: 10.5115/acb.25.276

Kun Hwang

{"title":"Anatomical and expressive significance of the brachioradialis in Michelangelo's Moses.","authors":"Kun Hwang","doi":"10.5115/acb.25.276","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5115/acb.25.276","url":null,"abstract":"Michelangelo's Moses (1513-1515), created for the tomb of Pope Julius II, is celebrated for its expressive intensity and anatomical precision. While psychoanalytic and neuroaesthetic studies-from Freud's classic interpretation to contemporary imaging research-have highlighted its psychological power, less attention has been given to the anatomical structures that embody such restraint and authority. This essay focuses on the brachioradialis muscle in the right forearm of Moses, examining its role as both a functional anatomical detail and a sculptural symbol of controlled energy. Anatomically, the brachioradialis originates on the lateral supracondylar ridge of the humerus and inserts on the distal radius. Though located in the extensor compartment and innervated by the radial nerve, it primarily functions as an elbow flexor, especially in semi-pronation. Michelangelo's rendering captures this paradoxical muscle in a state of isometric contraction: the elbow flexed to 70-80 degrees, the forearm semi-pronated, and the hand gripping the tablets. The resulting bulge conveys readiness to act yet deliberate restraint, a visual translation of terribilità. Comparative analysis with Pollaiuolo, Leonardo, and Verrocchio reveals Michelangelo's unique synthesis of anatomical accuracy, biomechanical plausibility, and expressive intent. Psychoanalytic interpretations align with this physiological truth: the tension in the forearm symbolizes suppressed anger and moral discipline. From a modern perspective, the sculpture offers lessons for anatomical pedagogy and surgical practice, illustrating how structural knowledge and dynamic function converge in expressive form. The brachioradialis of Moses thus exemplifies the Renaissance integration of dissection-based anatomy and artistic imagination, sustaining its relevance across both art and medicine.","PeriodicalId":7831,"journal":{"name":"Anatomy & Cell Biology","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.2,"publicationDate":"2026-04-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147669942","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Supportive fibrous tissues of the nasal epithelium with special reference to the site-dependent difference. 支持性纤维组织的鼻上皮具有特殊的位点依赖性差异。

IF 1.2

Anatomy & Cell Biology Pub Date : 2026-03-31 Epub Date: 2025-11-21 DOI: 10.5115/acb.25.252

Motonobu Abe, Kei Kitamura, Kazuma Morita, Kenta Abe, Ai Hirano-Kawamoto, Gen Murakami, Shin-Ichi Abe

{"title":"Supportive fibrous tissues of the nasal epithelium with special reference to the site-dependent difference.","authors":"Motonobu Abe, Kei Kitamura, Kazuma Morita, Kenta Abe, Ai Hirano-Kawamoto, Gen Murakami, Shin-Ichi Abe","doi":"10.5115/acb.25.252","DOIUrl":"10.5115/acb.25.252","url":null,"abstract":"The nasal mucosa and submucosa likely contain both vascular beds against cold and dry air and resident immunoreactive cells against various antigens. Therefore, a specific fibrous structure seems to be necessary. Using histological specimens from 20 elderly cadavers, we examined the nasal mucosal and submucosal architecture. The ciliated columnar epithelium of the nasal mucosa was characterized by 1) a thick basal lamina, 2) few elastin-positive fibers beneath the epithelium, that was quite different from the nearby mucocutaneous junction area with a thick layer (0.3-0.8 mm) of elastic and oxytalan fibers corresponding to the skin dermis, 3) CD34-positive cells distributing diffusely in the submucosal tissue, and 4) few smooth muscle actin (SMA)-positive fibers beneath the epithelium. Some of submucosal fibrous structure appeared to express both elastin and CD34. CD34-positive arterioles were abundant beneath the ciliated epithelium, but they appeared negative for SMA antibody that cross-reacts with endothelium. Notably, the ciliated columnar epithelium was thin in the lateral wall of the nasal cavity, while the inferior concha carried the thick pseudostratified columnar epithelium. Strangely, the inferior or palatal wall of the nasal cavity was covered by the thick stratified epithelium. We found SMA-positive mucosal venous plexus in the lateral wall of nasal cavity, but the submucosa was filled with glands in the inferior concha. Vascular beds might be replaced by glands in the nasal submucosa. The site-dependent difference in the mucosal morphology as well as the absence of vascular beds might be a result of secondary change with aging.","PeriodicalId":7831,"journal":{"name":"Anatomy & Cell Biology","volume":" ","pages":"94-104"},"PeriodicalIF":1.2,"publicationDate":"2026-03-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13072647/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145562548","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Re-expression of embryonic stem cell markers in malignant tissue: an observational study in pancreatic cancer. 胚胎干细胞标记物在恶性组织中的再表达：胰腺癌的观察性研究。

IF 1.2

Anatomy & Cell Biology Pub Date : 2026-03-31 Epub Date: 2026-01-08 DOI: 10.5115/acb.25.310

Sashikanta Swain, Sipra Rout, Sarojini Raman, Praveen Kumar Ravi, Sruthy Babu, Pravash Ranjan Mishra

{"title":"Re-expression of embryonic stem cell markers in malignant tissue: an observational study in pancreatic cancer.","authors":"Sashikanta Swain, Sipra Rout, Sarojini Raman, Praveen Kumar Ravi, Sruthy Babu, Pravash Ranjan Mishra","doi":"10.5115/acb.25.310","DOIUrl":"10.5115/acb.25.310","url":null,"abstract":"Pancreatic cancer is one of the most lethal malignancies, primarily due to late-stage diagnosis and limited therapeutic options. Cancer stem cells (CSCs) contribute to tumor heterogeneity, therapy resistance, and recurrence through activation of developmental pathways such as Hedgehog, Wnt, Notch, JAK-STAT, and Hippo. Identifying CSCs is therefore essential for understanding pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC) pathogenesis and advancing targeted therapies. This study compares the expression of key CSC-associated markers (CD44, CD117, OCT3/4, and c-Myc) in PDAC, fetal, and adult pancreas to elucidate CSC dynamics. Immunohistochemistry for CSC markers (CD44, CD117, OCT3/4, and c-Myc) was performed on PDAC tissues and control pancreatic samples (fetal pancreas 28-36 weeks and adult pancreas) to evaluate marker expression. Proliferative potential was assessed using CK7 and Ki-67 expression patterns. CD44 showed strong membranous and cytoplasmic expression in PDAC, moderate in fetal pancreas (epithelial/ductal regions), and minimal expression in adult tissue. CD117 was mainly restricted to stromal cells in PDAC, also present in fetal tissue but low in adults. c-Myc and Ki-67 were moderately expressed in PDAC, significantly higher than the control samples. CK7 demonstrated strong cytoplasmic staining in PDAC, moderate expression in adults, and weak expression in fetal samples. CD44 and c-Myc re-expression in PDAC supports their role as CSC-associated markers and potential drivers of tumor progression. CD117's stromal localization suggests tumor-stroma interactions. These findings highlight developmental reactivation of CSC markers in PDAC, with implications for early detection and targeted therapy.","PeriodicalId":7831,"journal":{"name":"Anatomy & Cell Biology","volume":" ","pages":"115-124"},"PeriodicalIF":1.2,"publicationDate":"2026-03-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13072636/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145916616","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0