Surface Engineering and Applied Electrochemistry最新文献_第6页

Chapter 5. Assembly and Mounting of Electronic Modules on Printed Circuit Boards 第 5 章.在印刷电路板上组装和安装电子模块

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Surface Engineering and Applied Electrochemistry Pub Date : 2024-09-09 DOI: 10.3103/S1068375524700054

V. L. Lanin, V. A. Emel’yanov, I. B. Petuhov

{"title":"Chapter 5. Assembly and Mounting of Electronic Modules on Printed Circuit Boards","authors":"V. L. Lanin, V. A. Emel’yanov, I. B. Petuhov","doi":"10.3103/S1068375524700054","DOIUrl":"10.3103/S1068375524700054","url":null,"abstract":"Automation and mechanization of assembly and mounting of electronic modules yield the greatest efficiency gains in reducing the manufacturing complexity of products. Key pathways to enhance efficiency include the use of automated equipment and batch processing of new component bases, including surface-mount components. The preparation of electronic components for assembly entails several essential operations, including unpacking, incoming inspection, solderability testing, straightening, and lead forming. To ensure the solderability of printed circuit boards, immersion coatings have become widely adopted, achieved through a chemical displacement reaction in solution, providing sufficiently thin and uniform coatings on areas with exposed copper. Notably, immersion silver application involves the inclusion of organic compound additives to mitigate silver migration. Assembly operations require careful coordination of tolerances on lead and hole diameters, selection of an acceptable method for component fixation, and determination of the optimal arrangement of components on the board. The characteristics of universal machines capable of performing these operations are detailed. Furthermore, methods for fluxing, wave soldering of printed circuit boards, soldering with soldering irons, and employing soldering stations are thoroughly discussed. Special considerations regarding the cleaning of assembly joints and boards after soldering are also highlighted.","PeriodicalId":782,"journal":{"name":"Surface Engineering and Applied Electrochemistry","volume":"60 3","pages":"342 - 373"},"PeriodicalIF":0.9,"publicationDate":"2024-09-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142205100","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

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Chapter 11. Laser Soldering of Electronic Modules 第 11 章激光焊接电子模块电子模块的激光焊接

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Surface Engineering and Applied Electrochemistry Pub Date : 2024-09-09 DOI: 10.3103/S106837552470011X

V. L. Lanin, V. A. Emel’yanov, I. B. Petuhov

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Composition, Structure, and Wear Resistance of Surface Nanostructures Obtained by Electric Spark Alloying of 65G Steel 65G 钢电火花合金化获得的表面纳米结构的成分、结构和耐磨性

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Surface Engineering and Applied Electrochemistry Pub Date : 2024-04-26 DOI: 10.3103/S1068375524020145

E. V. Yurchenko, G. V. Ghilețchii, S. A. Vatavu, V. I. Petrenko, D. Harea, C. Bubulinca, A. I. Dikusar

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The Influence of Springing of High-Strength Steel DP780 on the Ultimate Possibilities of Its Formation during Electro-Hydraulic Stamping 高强度钢 DP780 的弹簧对电液冲压过程中最终成形可能性的影响

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Surface Engineering and Applied Electrochemistry Pub Date : 2024-04-26 DOI: 10.3103/S1068375524020066

V. M. Kosenkov, L. P. Kolomiytseva

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Design and Fabrication of a High-Performance Sensor for Formaldehyde Detection Based on Graphene-TiO2/Ag Electrode 基于石墨烯-二氧化钛/银电极的高性能甲醛检测传感器的设计与制造

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Surface Engineering and Applied Electrochemistry Pub Date : 2024-04-26 DOI: 10.3103/S1068375524020078

Muhammad Natsir, Muhammad Nurdin, Zainal Rahmad Syah, Suryani Dyah Astuti, Thamrin Azis, La Ode Muhammad Zuhdi Mulkiyan, La Ode Agus Salim, Faizal Mustapa, Ahmad Zulfan, Maulidiyah Maulidiyah

{"title":"Design and Fabrication of a High-Performance Sensor for Formaldehyde Detection Based on Graphene-TiO2/Ag Electrode","authors":"Muhammad Natsir, Muhammad Nurdin, Zainal Rahmad Syah, Suryani Dyah Astuti, Thamrin Azis, La Ode Muhammad Zuhdi Mulkiyan, La Ode Agus Salim, Faizal Mustapa, Ahmad Zulfan, Maulidiyah Maulidiyah","doi":"10.3103/S1068375524020078","DOIUrl":"10.3103/S1068375524020078","url":null,"abstract":"This research explores the heightened sensitivity of the electrochemical formaldehyde detection achieved by incorporating a modified graphene paste electrode with a titanium dioxide-silver (TiO2/Ag) composite (GTA). The G-TiO2 matrix was augmented with varying masses of silver modifiers, namely, 0.2, 0.4, 0.6, and 0.8 g, aiming to establish the most effective composition for formaldehyde detection. Characterization through scanning electron microscopy and energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy confirmed the material’s composition, revealing GTA electrode nanocomposites consisting of carbon, oxygen, titanium, and silver with the compositions of 77.05, 19.46, 2.39, and 1.11%, respectively. An electrochemical analysis was conducted to assess the efficacy of the developed electrode in a 1 M K3[Fe(CN)6] solution. Furthermore, a real sample testing was performed to evaluate the practical utility of the electrode gauging its efficiency through the calculation of percentage recovery before and after treatment. The GTA electrode with a 0.4 g Ag modifier exhibited the optimal performance, as evidenced by a Horwitz Ratio stability test result of 1.38% and a limit of detection of 0.0168 µg/L. This research highlights the promising potential of the GTA electrode for the precise and sensitive formaldehyde detection, particularly in processed food products.","PeriodicalId":782,"journal":{"name":"Surface Engineering and Applied Electrochemistry","volume":"60 2","pages":"247 - 255"},"PeriodicalIF":0.9,"publicationDate":"2024-04-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140804706","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

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Calculation Estimation of the Relative Permittivity of Nonmagnetic Conducting Materials under the Action of Variable Conduction Current 非磁性导电材料在可变传导电流作用下的相对脆导率的计算估算

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Surface Engineering and Applied Electrochemistry Pub Date : 2024-04-26 DOI: 10.3103/S1068375524020029

M. I. Baranov

{"title":"Calculation Estimation of the Relative Permittivity of Nonmagnetic Conducting Materials under the Action of Variable Conduction Current","authors":"M. I. Baranov","doi":"10.3103/S1068375524020029","DOIUrl":"10.3103/S1068375524020029","url":null,"abstract":"A special case of equality of the conduction current density and the displacement current density in a homogeneous nonmagnetic conducting medium was used to consider the results of approximate calculation estimation of the relative permittivity εr of nonmagnetic conducting materials (metals and alloys), which are extensively used in electrical power engineering, electric power industry, and high-voltage pulse technology under the influence of variable (pulsed) electric currents and electromagnetic fields (EMF) with various amplitude–time parameters. It was demonstrated that, in the investigated case, at low frequencies f0 of conduction current and EMF (at a frequency on the order of 102 Hz) in the range of extremely low-frequency electromagnetic waves (EMW), the materials under consideration exhibit extremely high values of the electrophysical parameter εr (on the order of 1015). For extremely high frequencies f0 of current and EMF (at a frequency on the order of 5 × 1013 Hz) in the infrared range of EMW, these conducting materials are characterized by εr values on the order of 102–104, and in terms of the electrophysical parameter εr, they approach solid dielectrics and ferroelectrics.","PeriodicalId":782,"journal":{"name":"Surface Engineering and Applied Electrochemistry","volume":"60 2","pages":"149 - 155"},"PeriodicalIF":0.9,"publicationDate":"2024-04-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140806716","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

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Influence of Substrate Surface Quality on Electro-Spark Alloying 基底表面质量对电火花合金化的影响

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Surface Engineering and Applied Electrochemistry Pub Date : 2024-04-26 DOI: 10.3103/S1068375524020030

A. A. Burkov, A. Yu. Bytsura

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Silicone Rubber Treatment with a Sodium Chloride Solution in the Presence of an Electric Field 在电场作用下用氯化钠溶液处理硅橡胶

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Surface Engineering and Applied Electrochemistry Pub Date : 2024-04-26 DOI: 10.3103/S1068375524020091

K. D. Poluektova, S. A. Vasilkov, A. V. Slesarenko

{"title":"Silicone Rubber Treatment with a Sodium Chloride Solution in the Presence of an Electric Field","authors":"K. D. Poluektova, S. A. Vasilkov, A. V. Slesarenko","doi":"10.3103/S1068375524020091","DOIUrl":"10.3103/S1068375524020091","url":null,"abstract":"High voltage silicone insulators that are placed close to coastal marine areas have the problem of salt fog depositing on their surfaces in the form of conductive droplets. Under the influence of an electric field, those droplets initiate partial discharges, which leads to the degradation of the hydrophobic properties of silicone rubber. This phenomenon, in which droplets serve as the cause of partial discharges, has been studied in considerable detail elsewhere. However, it remains unclear whether the droplets themselves, as moisture-laden areas, affect the properties of silicone rubber. The current work is focused on studying the combined effect of an AC electric field (E = 17 kV/cm) and a 4% solution of sodium chloride on the water-repellent properties of silicone rubber in the absence of electrical discharges. The results of the study show that the influence of moisture and an electric field leads to slowing down the droplet runoff from the inclined sample of Powersil 310 rubber. An AC electric field did not have a noticeable effect on the rate of water runoff; the slowdown was due to the pre-treatment of the sample with the solution.","PeriodicalId":782,"journal":{"name":"Surface Engineering and Applied Electrochemistry","volume":"60 2","pages":"260 - 267"},"PeriodicalIF":0.9,"publicationDate":"2024-04-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140804667","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

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Experimental Studies of Hydrodynamic and Energy Characteristics of High-Voltage Electrochemical Explosion in Confined Volumes of Liquid 密闭液体体积中高压电化学爆炸的流体力学和能量特性实验研究

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Surface Engineering and Applied Electrochemistry Pub Date : 2024-04-26 DOI: 10.3103/S1068375524020133

A. P. Smirnov, O. V. Khvoshchan

{"title":"Experimental Studies of Hydrodynamic and Energy Characteristics of High-Voltage Electrochemical Explosion in Confined Volumes of Liquid","authors":"A. P. Smirnov, O. V. Khvoshchan","doi":"10.3103/S1068375524020133","DOIUrl":"10.3103/S1068375524020133","url":null,"abstract":"Electric, energy, and hydrodynamic characteristics of high-voltage electrochemical explosion (HVECE) in confined liquid volumes were experimentally investigated with varying the charging voltage, the stored electrical energy, and the mass of the burnt exothermic mixture. A comparison with other methods of initiating an electrical discharge under similar conditions was conducted. The obtained results showed that HVECE allows achieving a high-voltage electrical discharge with low energy losses (less than 9%) and implementing an electrical breakdown mode close to aperiodic. It was found that HVECE generates compression waves with amplitudes up to 37% and specific impulse up to 45% higher (at a charging voltage of 25 kV and above) than in the case of electrical explosion of an initiating metallic conductor under identical initial conditions. It was revealed that increasing the charging voltage leads to a linear increase in the amplitude and specific impulse of the generated compression wave. A comprehensive analysis of the dependences of energy and hydrodynamic characteristics showed that both the stored electrical energy and the interrelation of electrical parameters of the discharge circuit with the mass of the burning exothermic mixture have a significant influence on the formation of the specific impulse of the compression wave in HVECE, determining the shape of the discharge characteristics.","PeriodicalId":782,"journal":{"name":"Surface Engineering and Applied Electrochemistry","volume":"60 2","pages":"219 - 231"},"PeriodicalIF":0.9,"publicationDate":"2024-04-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140804808","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

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Physicochemical and Electrochemical Properties of Materials Based on Titanium Suboxides 基于亚氧化钛的材料的物理化学和电化学性质

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Surface Engineering and Applied Electrochemistry Pub Date : 2024-04-26 DOI: 10.3103/S106837552402011X

O. B. Shmychkova, V. A. Knysh, T. V. Luk’yanenko, A. B. Velichenko

{"title":"Physicochemical and Electrochemical Properties of Materials Based on Titanium Suboxides","authors":"O. B. Shmychkova, V. A. Knysh, T. V. Luk’yanenko, A. B. Velichenko","doi":"10.3103/S106837552402011X","DOIUrl":"10.3103/S106837552402011X","url":null,"abstract":"The influence of the synthesis conditions on the surface morphology, phase composition, and electrocatalytic activity of materials in oxygen and hydrogen evolution reactions was investigated. For instance, the slopes in the potential verses the logarithm of the current density dependencies during oxygen evolution were 221 and 109 mV/dec for TiO2 nanotubes and platinum-coated layers, respectively. In the latter case, small deviations may be attributed to the structural heterogeneity of the material or the developed surface of the coating. As for pristine TiO2 nanotubes, an atypical Tafel slope was observed, almost twice the theoretical value, indicating the presence of a semiconductor component in the electrode capacitance. Studies showed that the materials are n-type semiconductors. The cathodic polarization stage leads to the formation of titanium suboxides in the nanotube recovery phase, contributing to an increase in the material electrical conductivity. This also allows for the creation of a porous developed surface matrix for the electrodeposition of catalytic metal layers. Tafel slopes were calculated for the investigated materials in the hydrogen evolution reaction. For TiO2 nanotubes, a slope of 175 mV/dec was observed. The material surface was partially blocked by hydroxides, resulting in a low number of active centers for the hydrogen evolution, and the polarization curve had a steep slope. In the case of TiO2 nanotubes coated with a platinum layer, a high number of cationic vacancies in the matrix and a deficit of oxygen ions facilitated the mobility of platinum atoms, leading to the emergence of a large number of active centers for the hydrogen evolution. As a result, the Tafel slope of the polarization curve was found to be 30 mV/dec.","PeriodicalId":782,"journal":{"name":"Surface Engineering and Applied Electrochemistry","volume":"60 2","pages":"232 - 240"},"PeriodicalIF":0.9,"publicationDate":"2024-04-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140804665","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0