Felipe M S Pereira, Luana B Correa, Leonardo N Seito, Natalia L VON Ranke, Guilherme Eduardo M Mendes, Murilo L Bello, Luiz Eduardo B Sávio, Robson Coutinho-Silva, Robson X Faria, Maria G Henriques, Elaine C Rosas
{"title":"Modulatory effects of methyl gallate on the inflammatory response in gout arthritis via P2X7 receptor.","authors":"Felipe M S Pereira, Luana B Correa, Leonardo N Seito, Natalia L VON Ranke, Guilherme Eduardo M Mendes, Murilo L Bello, Luiz Eduardo B Sávio, Robson Coutinho-Silva, Robson X Faria, Maria G Henriques, Elaine C Rosas","doi":"10.1590/0001-3765202620250722","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1590/0001-3765202620250722","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Gout is an inflammatory disease caused by monosodium urate (MSU) crystal deposition, triggering NLRP3 inflammasome activation, interleukin-1β (IL-1β) release, and P2X7 receptor-mediated amplification of inflammation. This study evaluated the anti-inflammatory effects of methyl gallate (MG) and its interaction with the P2X7 receptor. MG reduced IL-1β production in activated macrophages, inhibited P2X7-dependent membrane pore formation, and produced effects similar to those of the selective P2X7 antagonist A740003. In a murine gout model, MG decreased joint edema, leukocyte accumulation, and IL-1β levels. Computational analyses demonstrated stable MG binding to P2X7, highlighting its potential as a therapeutic candidate for gout treatment.</p>","PeriodicalId":7776,"journal":{"name":"Anais da Academia Brasileira de Ciencias","volume":"98 suppl 1","pages":"e20250722"},"PeriodicalIF":1.2,"publicationDate":"2026-08-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148886178","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"综合性期刊","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Schirley Tostes, Forrest William Lefler, Jéssica Aparecida Moretto, David Erwin Berthold, Haywood Dail Laughinghouse Iv, Alexandre Rieger, Valeriano Antonio Corbellini, Rosana DE C DE S Schneider
{"title":"Limnological parameters, metabarcoding, infrared spectroscopy, and chemometrics for characterizing freshwater cyanobacteria communities.","authors":"Schirley Tostes, Forrest William Lefler, Jéssica Aparecida Moretto, David Erwin Berthold, Haywood Dail Laughinghouse Iv, Alexandre Rieger, Valeriano Antonio Corbellini, Rosana DE C DE S Schneider","doi":"10.1590/0001-3765202620250432","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1590/0001-3765202620250432","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Harmful cyanobacterial blooms pose risks to the environment, humans, and animals. Rapid identification of these microorganisms is essential but still relies on costly and time-consuming techniques. This study evaluates the potential of attenuated total reflectance infrared spectroscopy (ATR-FTIR) combined with chemometrics, supported by molecular methods, to detect potentially harmful cyanobacteria. Samples were collected from 14 sites in the Rio Pardo Valley, RS, Brazil, with limnological parameters measured. Spectra (4000-650 cm⁻¹) in triplicate, and 16S rRNA metabarcoding was performed using Dada2, Phyloseq, and the CyanoSeq database. PCA and OPLS analyses were applied to integrate spectral, taxonomic, and environmental data. Twelve cyanobacterial genera were identified. Sphaerospermopsis (Zapomelová et al., 2010) dominated SP14, associated with aluminum, iron, and nitrogen levels. Dolichospermum ((Bornet & Flahault) P. Wacklin, L. Hoffmann & Komárek, 2009) and Wollea (Bornet & Flahault, 1886) correlated with phosphorus and sodium. Planktothricoides (S. Suda & M. Watanabe, 2002) showed 95.15% abundance at SP01. PC1×PC2 plots revealed location-based clustering of spectral data. ATR/OPLS models showed strong correlations with relative abundances derived from metabarcoding data, with RMSECV values from 1.3×10⁻⁵ to 5.3×10⁻⁴ and R² > 0.99. These results support ATR-FTIR and chemometrics as a promising exploratory approach for the assessment of cyanobacterial community composition in freshwater systems.</p>","PeriodicalId":7776,"journal":{"name":"Anais da Academia Brasileira de Ciencias","volume":"98 3","pages":"e20250432"},"PeriodicalIF":1.2,"publicationDate":"2026-08-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148886228","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"综合性期刊","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Victor Matheus C DE Carvalho, Gabriel N Guimarães, Laura Cristina M Xavier, João Vitor M Bravo
{"title":"Exploring the Interplay of Oceanic Tides and Rainfall in Flood Susceptibility in an Exorheic Basin.","authors":"Victor Matheus C DE Carvalho, Gabriel N Guimarães, Laura Cristina M Xavier, João Vitor M Bravo","doi":"10.1590/0001-3765202620250083","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1590/0001-3765202620250083","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Floods are among the most harmful natural disasters for humans, and rising global temperatures tend to make them more frequent. This paper aims to model flood susceptibility in Rio de Janeiro, Brazil, based on the 2019 and 2020 floods. The methodology used in the paper is based on the Analytical Hierarchy Process. The contribution of variables to extreme flood events was calculated to assess the influence of oceanic tides in conjunction with the extreme rainfall. The methodological procedures were mainly based on acquiring data referring to rainfall records, ocean tide oscillations, and other natural-anthropogenic variables. The results showed that ocean tidal oscillation in that region has played a secondary but essential role in flood events. Furthermore, observing ocean tide dynamics and extreme rainfall events is the key combination for explaining, preventing, and forecasting extreme flood events. For future research, it is recommended that the improvement of quality data (geodetic and meteorological) is essential to model flood susceptibility in coastal areas.</p>","PeriodicalId":7776,"journal":{"name":"Anais da Academia Brasileira de Ciencias","volume":"98 suppl 1","pages":"e20250083"},"PeriodicalIF":1.2,"publicationDate":"2026-08-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148886084","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"综合性期刊","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"A new species of Malanea Aubl. (Rubiaceae, Guettardeae) from the Atlantic Forest of Espírito Santo, Brazil.","authors":"Rafaela S P Roxo, Maria Regina V Barbosa","doi":"10.1590/0001-3765202620251282","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1590/0001-3765202620251282","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>During a taxonomic revision of the Brazilian species of Malanea, a new species endemic to the Atlantic Forest of Brazil was discovered and is described here. The new species occurs in the submontane forest in Espírito Santo and differs from all the other species from the Atlantic Forest by its branchlets, stipules, petioles and leaves with golden villous trichomes, and fruits oblong slightly curved. Besides the diagnosis and description, we provide taxonomic comments, illustrations, a distribution map, and a preliminary conservation status assessment.</p>","PeriodicalId":7776,"journal":{"name":"Anais da Academia Brasileira de Ciencias","volume":"98 3","pages":"e20251282"},"PeriodicalIF":1.2,"publicationDate":"2026-08-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148886164","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"综合性期刊","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Priscila B Penteado, Danilo C Nogarotto, Bruno Elias S Costa, Vanessa N Alves, Bruna Fernanda F Oliveira, Simone A Pozza, Felippe B Canteras
{"title":"Assessing trace metal concentration in urban soils: a study of urban parks and unforested urban areas.","authors":"Priscila B Penteado, Danilo C Nogarotto, Bruno Elias S Costa, Vanessa N Alves, Bruna Fernanda F Oliveira, Simone A Pozza, Felippe B Canteras","doi":"10.1590/0001-3765202620250560","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1590/0001-3765202620250560","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Urban soils act as long-term reservoirs for trace metals, yet how soil physicochemical properties and anthropogenic pressure interact over time remains poorly understood in medium-sized cities of the Global South. This study evaluates the spatiotemporal dynamics and ecological risks of Ba, Cu, Zn, Pb, Cr, Ni, Mo, Co, and Cd in urban topsoils, through a 33-week monitoring campaign. Linear Mixed Models (LMM) and Positive Matrix Factorization (PMF) were combined to identify retention controls and source contributions. No significant temporal variability was observed (p > 0.05), confirming soil as a stationary reservoir, whereas marked spatial heterogeneity occurred (p < 0.001), driven by localized soil properties. LMM results highlighted soil organic matter (SOM) as a key enhancer of Cu (β = 6.15) and Zn (β = 17.9) retention, while pH exerted a strong negative control on Pb mobility (β = -23.9 x 104). PMF identified three major contributors: geogenic sources (35.9%), industrial/traffic emissions (32.4%), and mixed anthropogenic-lithogenic inputs (30.7%). Although metal concentrations remained below intervention thresholds, localized Cd-driven ecological risks persist in densely populated areas. This study highlights that vegetation and SOM function as vital geochemical sinks for metal immobilization, offering effective pathways for sustainable urban risk mitigation.</p>","PeriodicalId":7776,"journal":{"name":"Anais da Academia Brasileira de Ciencias","volume":"98 suppl 1","pages":"e20250560"},"PeriodicalIF":1.2,"publicationDate":"2026-08-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148886061","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"综合性期刊","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Guilherme A Mendonça, José Matheus V Matos, Tatiana B Dos Santos
{"title":"Comparison and Validation of Regression Techniques for Dilution Prediction in Underground Mining.","authors":"Guilherme A Mendonça, José Matheus V Matos, Tatiana B Dos Santos","doi":"10.1590/0001-3765202620250303","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1590/0001-3765202620250303","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The stability of stopes in underground mining is a critical factor for both operational safety and the economic viability of mining projects. Empirical methods, such as Potvin's Stability Graph (1988), are widely used to predict stability conditions; however, their applicability may be limited in distinct geomechanical scenarios. In this context, this study proposes a quantitative approach based on multivariate regression for predicting dilution throughout the development of different stopes in underground mining. To achieve this, various regression techniques were tested, including linear, polynomial, exponential, and logarithmic models, aiming to predict unplanned dilution based on 18 independent variables related to operational, geotechnical, and structural parameters. The results indicated that second-degree polynomial regression exhibited the best performance, achieving a coefficient of determination (R2) of 82.6% and an absolute mean error below 4%. Statistical analysis revealed that variables such as vertical stress, stope depth, and specific drilling index significantly influence dilution prediction, highlighting the need for an integrated approach between geomechanical and operational factors. Thus, the findings of this study underscore the importance of developing methodologies tailored to local geomechanical conditions, contributing to the optimization of underground mining planning, the reduction of operational losses, and the improvement of extraction efficiency.</p>","PeriodicalId":7776,"journal":{"name":"Anais da Academia Brasileira de Ciencias","volume":"98 suppl 1","pages":"e20250303"},"PeriodicalIF":1.2,"publicationDate":"2026-08-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148886033","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"综合性期刊","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Gladis R Tolfo, Eduardo Henrique Caio, Davi Augusto T Dos Santos, Ernanda Mezaroba, Pedro F Zanolla, Fernanda Majolo, Guilherme L DA Silva
{"title":"COVID-19 on Depression and Anxiety: Analyzing Age and Sex Differences Among Patients Before and During the Pandemic.","authors":"Gladis R Tolfo, Eduardo Henrique Caio, Davi Augusto T Dos Santos, Ernanda Mezaroba, Pedro F Zanolla, Fernanda Majolo, Guilherme L DA Silva","doi":"10.1590/0001-3765202620250850","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1590/0001-3765202620250850","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The COVID-19 pandemic raised concerns about increased mental health morbidity, yet limited evidence exists on how demand for mental health care manifested in primary care settings during this period. This study evaluated cases of anxiety and depression with conclusive ICD-10 diagnoses recorded in medical records, examining associations with age group, sex, and the pre- versus pandemic context. The sample consisted of 8,365 individuals (6,038 females, 2,316 males; mean age 45.5±16.1 years) who sought spontaneous medical care at Basic Health Units (BHUs) between the pre-pandemic period (2019; n=2,600) and the pandemic period (2020-2022; n=5,755). Contrary to expectations, no significant increase was observed in the proportion of consultations for anxiety (P=0.7) and depression (P=0.4) during the COVID-19 pandemic compared to the pre-pandemic period. However, significant shifts within subgroups were identified: elderly individuals (≥65 years; n=1,382) showed 82% higher odds of depression compared to younger adults, while males had 12% higher odds of anxiety compared to females. These findings reveal that while the pandemic did not lead to a proportional increase in formal mental health diagnoses at primary care level, it was associated with significant demographic shifts particularly higher depression risk among the elderly and elevated anxiety risk among males.</p>","PeriodicalId":7776,"journal":{"name":"Anais da Academia Brasileira de Ciencias","volume":"98 suppl 1","pages":"e20250850"},"PeriodicalIF":1.2,"publicationDate":"2026-08-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148886105","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"综合性期刊","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Emilly V Drosdosky, Eduarda S DE Lima, Iluany S Costa, Ana Karina Moreyra, Leandro Juen, Karina Dias-Silva
{"title":"List of Ranatra Species (Heteroptera: Nepomorpha) from the tributaries of the Xingu River in the Brazilian Amazon.","authors":"Emilly V Drosdosky, Eduarda S DE Lima, Iluany S Costa, Ana Karina Moreyra, Leandro Juen, Karina Dias-Silva","doi":"10.1590/0001-3765202620251315","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1590/0001-3765202620251315","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Areas of endemism are geographic units characterized by unique biological diversity and evolutionary histories, enabling the formulation of hypotheses about the processes shaping regional ecosystems. Aquatic insects are essential components of freshwater environments, and the genus Ranatra Fabricius, 1790 is commonly found in slow-flowing streams rich in leaf litter and submerged roots. Known as \"water scorpions\", 35 species have been reported across Brazil to date. Despite growing research efforts, substantial gaps remain regarding the diversity of these insects, particularly in terms of species identity (Linnean shortfall) and distribution (Wallacean shortfall). In this study, we present a species list of Ranatra Fabricius, 1790 from streams of the Xingu Basin, Pará State, a region located within the Tapajós and Xingu Areas of Endemism in the Brazilian Amazon. We sampled 165 individuals belonging to 13 species, including three new distributional records for the state of Pará, R. brasiliensis De Carlo, 1946, R. doesburgi De Carlo, 1963, and R. rabida White, 1879. Our findings emphasize the importance of expanding research and monitoring efforts in freshwater systems, particularly in highly diverse regions increasingly threatened by anthropogenic pressures and climate change, such as those of the Amazon biome.</p>","PeriodicalId":7776,"journal":{"name":"Anais da Academia Brasileira de Ciencias","volume":"98 3","pages":"e20251315"},"PeriodicalIF":1.2,"publicationDate":"2026-08-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148886251","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"综合性期刊","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Amanda L Barros, Francisca Lidiane L DE Aguiar, Andréa Maria Neves, Rita Ingrid S Fernandes, Matheus N DA Rocha, Emmanuel S Marinho, Márcia M Marinho, Tigressa Helena S Rodrigues, Raquel O S Fontenelle
{"title":"Anticandidal, molecular docking, antioxidant, and cytotoxic effects of the essential oil of Vitex gardneriana Schauer.","authors":"Amanda L Barros, Francisca Lidiane L DE Aguiar, Andréa Maria Neves, Rita Ingrid S Fernandes, Matheus N DA Rocha, Emmanuel S Marinho, Márcia M Marinho, Tigressa Helena S Rodrigues, Raquel O S Fontenelle","doi":"10.1590/0001-3765202620250698","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1590/0001-3765202620250698","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Vitex gardneriana Schauer, known as \"Jaramataia\", is widely used in folk medicine for its anti-inflammatory and analgesic properties. This study aimed to determine the chemical composition and evaluate the antifungal, antioxidant, and cytotoxic effects of the essential oil (EO) from its leaves. The EO was obtained via hydrodistillation and analyzed by GC-FID, identifying 16 components, with trans-calamenene (25.31%), 6,9-guaiadiene (18.33%), and caryophyllene oxide (15.14%) as major compounds. Antifungal activity was assessed by broth microdilution, showing a MIC of 5 mg/mL for all strains. A synergistic effect was observed when combined with amphotericin B, reducing the EO's inhibitory concentration by over 30-fold. Antioxidant activity (DPPH method) showed an IC50 of 85.86 mg/mL, while hemolytic assays on human erythrocytes showed an IC50 of 20 mg/mL. Molecular docking revealed a stronger affinity of EO compounds to Sap5 (-7.3 kcal/mol) than Als3 (-6.2 kcal/mol), with some ligands (e.g., 1-epi-cubenol, caryophyllene oxide) binding to different regions than amphotericin B. These findings suggest that V. gardneriana EO has moderate antifungal activity. However, it shows promising potential when combined with conventional antifungal agents and supports future research toward the development of therapeutic formulations.</p>","PeriodicalId":7776,"journal":{"name":"Anais da Academia Brasileira de Ciencias","volume":"98 suppl 1","pages":"e20250698"},"PeriodicalIF":1.2,"publicationDate":"2026-08-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148839037","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"综合性期刊","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Aline Aguiar, Amanda M Picelli, Franciele C DE Souza, Ricardo Bassini-Silva, Fernando C Jacinavicius, Thiago F Martins, Drausio H Morais, Waltécio O Almeida, Fabrício H Oda, Karla M Campião
{"title":"Integrating Herpetology and Parasitology: using field and lab methods to reveal hidden biodiversity harbored by amphibians and reptiles.","authors":"Aline Aguiar, Amanda M Picelli, Franciele C DE Souza, Ricardo Bassini-Silva, Fernando C Jacinavicius, Thiago F Martins, Drausio H Morais, Waltécio O Almeida, Fabrício H Oda, Karla M Campião","doi":"10.1590/0001-3765202620241002","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1590/0001-3765202620241002","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The inclusion of parasites in inventories has provided relevant information on the knowledge of biodiversity. Integrating accurate taxonomy and species identity of both hosts and parasites can result in valuable insights into the association's evolutionary relationships, geographic distribution, and dynamics. Besides the risk of diseases related with some parasites, herein we also highlighted the great diversity revealed in parasite communities associated with amphibians and reptiles, varying from unicellular to metazoan organisms occupying numerous tissues throughout the host's body. To be aware of this diversity, the first step is to implement taxonomic studies performing appropriate methods for collecting and preserving specimens. Here, we aim to provide a useful hands-on guide to parasitological data collection from amphibians and reptiles. We write especially for those aiming to include parasitological data in their sampling, and for herpetologists and naturalists who already collaborate with parasitologists. We also provide some fundamental knowledge on the morphology and life cycle of the main parasites associated with herps, as well as protocols and tips for better collecting and preserving each type of parasite.</p>","PeriodicalId":7776,"journal":{"name":"Anais da Academia Brasileira de Ciencias","volume":"98 suppl 1","pages":"e20241002"},"PeriodicalIF":1.2,"publicationDate":"2026-08-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148838989","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"综合性期刊","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}