Anais da Academia Brasileira de Ciencias最新文献

{"title":"New nucleopolyhedrovirus isolate in the management of Spodoptera eridania.","authors":"Alixelhe P Damascena, Fernando Z Madalon, Luis M DE Araujo Junior, Dirceu Pratissoli, Carlos Eduardo C Paiva, Lorena C Machado, Hugo Gonçalves Junior, Vinícius H Bello","doi":"10.1590/0001-3765202520230077","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1590/0001-3765202520230077","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Spodoptera eridania is considered a polyphagous pest, as it attacks several crops. The aim of this study was to identify a virus isolate present in symptomatic S. eridania caterpillars. The virus sample was extracted and OBs purification performed. Viral DNA was extracted using the PureLink Viral RNA/DNA Mini Kit (ThermoFisher) and primers prl8-1 and prl8-1B were used for amplification of the gene fragment. The isolate was identified showing high genetic similarity with the isolate \"Spodoptera eridania nucleopolyhedrovirus isolate CNPSo-165\", characterizing itself as a novelty in the scenario and as promising, adding the tactics available for the integrated management of S. eridania.</p>","PeriodicalId":7776,"journal":{"name":"Anais da Academia Brasileira de Ciencias","volume":"97 1","pages":"e20230077"},"PeriodicalIF":1.1,"publicationDate":"2025-02-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143397933","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"综合性期刊","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Possible erythropoietin pharmacotherapeutic targets on painful diabetic neuropathy in rats.","authors":"Samuel Suarez-Mendez, Deysi Y Bermúdez-Ocaña","doi":"10.1590/0001-3765202520230569","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1590/0001-3765202520230569","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Erythropoietin is a renal cytokine involved in regulating hematopoiesis. Current evidence indicates that erythropoietin exerts pleiotropic effects in animal models. However, its role in painful diabetic neuropathy, as well as the possible action mechanisms are not yet established. Therefore, this was the purpose of our study. Rats were injected with streptozotocin to produce hyperglycemia. The mechanical allodynia was measured by the up-down method using the von Frey filaments in diabetic rats. To determine the action mechanisms of erythropoietin, levels of NF-κB in serum were measured with ELISA and was used L-NAME (Nω-nitro-L-arginine methyl ester hydrochloride, non-selective nitric oxide synthase inhibitor; 0.1-1 mg/kg, i.p.), glibenclamide (ATP-sensitive K+ channels blocker; 1-10 mg/kg, i.p.), methiothepin (non-selective 5-HT receptor antagonist; 0.01-0.1 mg/kg, i.p.) and naloxone (non-selective opioid receptor antagonist; 1 mg/kg). Intraperitoneal administration of erythropoietin (500-4000 UI/kg) prevented allodynia in diabetic rats. Additionally, erythropoietin significantly decreased serum levels of NF-κB during the evaluation of tactile allodynia and L-NAME, glibenclamide and methiothepin, but not naloxone, reverted erythropoietin-induced antiallodynia. These data suggest erythropoietin effect on painful diabetic neuropathy are mediated at least in part, via deactivation of NF-κB, activation of nitric oxide-ATP-sensitive K+ channel pathway as well as the activation of 5-HT receptors.</p>","PeriodicalId":7776,"journal":{"name":"Anais da Academia Brasileira de Ciencias","volume":"97 1","pages":"e20230569"},"PeriodicalIF":1.1,"publicationDate":"2025-02-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143397935","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"综合性期刊","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Invasive plant and honeybee alter native plant-pollinator network structure in dry forest.","authors":"Rodrigo F R Carmo, Cássio H Carvalho, Reginaldo A F Gusmão, Lucas F C S Alencar, Jeferson Vizentin-Bugoni, Gabriel X Boldorini, Gabriela A Galvão, Joyce C B Brito, Thiago Gonçalves-Souza","doi":"10.1590/0001-3765202520231071","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1590/0001-3765202520231071","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Invasive species pose a critical threat to ecosystems, with far-reaching consequences. Invasive plants can directly interact with native pollinators, while wind-pollinated grasses indirectly alter plant-pollinator networks by reshaping the composition of plant and animal communities, diminishing ecosystem functioning. Here, we investigated the effect of invasive grass on pollinator richness, native plant visits, and the structure of plant-pollinator networks. Additionally, we explored the influence of non-native honeybees on these same variables in the Caatinga. Invasive grass negatively affected native pollinators and reduced visitation to native plants. The dominance of invasive grass leads to an increased niche overlap among native pollinators. Surprisingly, this did not affect the number of visits by non-native honeybees. However, the increased honeybee visitation negatively impacted native pollinator richness, causing a 60% decline. Our results underscore the compounded negative effects of invasive grass and non-native honeybees on native plant-pollinator dynamics. Invasive grasses indirectly decrease pollinator visits by altering plant communities. Meanwhile, honeybees, unaffected by invasive grass, decrease native pollinator species' richness and visitation rates. These findings emphasize the significant impact of biological invasions on ecosystem health, shedding light on the complex interplay between invasive species and plant-pollinator interactions in arid, abandoned landscapes.</p>","PeriodicalId":7776,"journal":{"name":"Anais da Academia Brasileira de Ciencias","volume":"97 1","pages":"e20231071"},"PeriodicalIF":1.1,"publicationDate":"2025-02-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143397929","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"综合性期刊","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Changing paradigms: from unnecessary animal experiments to non-animal methods as a sustainable basis for scientific progress.","authors":"Joel Henrique Ellwanger, José Artur B Chies","doi":"10.1590/0001-3765202520241198","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1590/0001-3765202520241198","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":7776,"journal":{"name":"Anais da Academia Brasileira de Ciencias","volume":"97 1","pages":"e20241198"},"PeriodicalIF":1.1,"publicationDate":"2025-02-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143397925","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"综合性期刊","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Nanoemulsions with cannabidiol reduced autistic-like behaviors and reversed decreased hippocampus viable cells and cerebral cortex neuronal death in a prenatal valproic acid rat model.","authors":"Mariana DE F O DA Silva, Amanda R Santos-Magnabosco, Cláudia Kathariny DA S Farias, Sandra Maria DE Torres, Antônio José Alves, Pabyton G Cadena, Valdemiro A DA Silva Júnior","doi":"10.1590/0001-3765202520240607","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1590/0001-3765202520240607","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The highly lipophilic nature and low aqueous solubility of cannabidiol (CBD) limit its oral bioavailability, resulting in poor intestinal absorption. To overcome these limitations, we proposed the production of a nanoemulsion with CBD to be included in the therapeutic treatment of autism spectrum disorder. The current study aimed to evaluate the effect of CBD-rich corn oil nanoemulsion treatment in male rats born to females exposed to valproic acid (VPA) during pregnancy on autistic-like behaviors and hippocampal histology. Offspring rats were treated orally twice daily with CBD nanoemulsions at different doses (1 and 2 mg/animal). The endpoints evaluated were anxiety, grooming time, exploratory activity, sociability, the social preference index, and hippocampal and cerebral cortex histology. All formulations were characterized as nanoemulsions and showed a reduced vesicle size (107.6 - 72.6 nm), low PDI (0.290-0.432), negative zeta potential (-40.6 mv), and good stability. Prenatal exposure to VPA increased anxiety and grooming time, and reduced exploratory activity, sociability, and the social preference index in the animals. Furthermore, VPA-exposed animals exhibited elevated neuronal death and a reduction in viable cells in the hippocampus. In conclusion, CBD nanoemulsion treatment reversed autistic-like behaviors, potentially by protecting against hippocampal neuronal death. The highly lipophilic nature and low aqueous solubility of cannabidiol (CBD) limit its oral bioavailability, resulting in poor intestinal absorption. To overcome these limitations, we proposed the production of a nanoemulsion with CBD to be included in the therapeutic treatment of autism spectrum disorder. The current study aimed to evaluate the effect of CBD-rich corn oil nanoemulsion treatment in male rats born to females exposed to valproic acid (VPA) during pregnancy on autistic-like behaviors and hippocampal histology. Offspring rats were treated orally twice daily with CBD nanoemulsions at different doses (1 and 2 mg/animal). The endpoints evaluated were anxiety, grooming time, exploratory activity, sociability, the social preference index, and hippocampal and cerebral cortex histology. All formulations were characterized as nanoemulsions and showed a reduced vesicle size (107.6 - 72.6 nm), low PDI (0.290-0.432), negative zeta potential (-40.6 mv), and good stability. Prenatal exposure to VPA increased anxiety and grooming time, and reduced exploratory activity, sociability, and the social preference index in the animals. Furthermore, VPA-exposed animals exhibited elevated neuronal death and a reduction in viable cells in the hippocampus. In conclusion, CBD nanoemulsion treatment reversed autistic-like behaviors, potentially by protecting against hippocampal neuronal death.</p>","PeriodicalId":7776,"journal":{"name":"Anais da Academia Brasileira de Ciencias","volume":"97 1","pages":"e20240607"},"PeriodicalIF":1.1,"publicationDate":"2025-02-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143397931","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"综合性期刊","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Spatial distribution and habitat preference of sarcosaprophagus Calliphoridae (Diptera) in the Brazilian Northeast, with notes on the utilization of different animal baits.","authors":"Ana Beatriz L DE Assis, Taciano M Barbosa, Ricardo José P Souza E Guimarães, Renata A Gama","doi":"10.1590/0001-3765202520240561","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1590/0001-3765202520240561","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Brazil is a country with one of the greatest biodiversities in the world, in addition to the high diversity of biomes that directly influences the composition of fauna and flora. In this context, the analysis of the potential distribution of calliphorids in the Northeast can generate important information for forensic entomology and conservation biology. This study aims to identify the current and potential distribution of the main species of flies from the family Calliphoridae of forensic interest in the Northeast region of Brazil. For this purpose, field and bibliographic data were collected and analyzed. The obtained data were used to develop ecological models based on the MaxEnt model. The analyses showed that the exotic species Chrysomya albiceps (Wiedemann, 1819) and Chrysomyia megacephala (Fabricius, 1794) are the most common species in Northeast environments, presenting a wide spatial distribution. On the other hand, native taxa have a more restricted distribution, except for the species Cochliomyia macellaria (Fabricius, 1775). The variables that most influenced the models were precipitation and wind. The ecological models presented in this study demonstrate an overlap in the distribution of exotic and native species, which may pose a risk of competition and future homogenization of assemblies.</p>","PeriodicalId":7776,"journal":{"name":"Anais da Academia Brasileira de Ciencias","volume":"97 1","pages":"e20240561"},"PeriodicalIF":1.1,"publicationDate":"2025-02-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143397874","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"综合性期刊","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Impact of Mesotherapy with Sodium Deoxycholate on Liver: Metabolic- and Sex-Specific Insights in Swiss mice.","authors":"Leidyanne F Gonçalves, Beatriz R Rosa, Isabela T T Ramos, Julia B Feder, Julia R M Messina, Raissa M Barreira, Vanessa M Torres, Vitor L Simões, Elan C Paes-DE-Almeida, Caroline Fernandes-Santos","doi":"10.1590/0001-3765202520240363","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1590/0001-3765202520240363","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Sodium deoxycholate (DC) mesotherapy is approved for submental fat reduction but lacks evidence for body contouring safety in other body regions. Thus, we studied the systemic and hepatic metabolic effects of DC mesotherapy (50 µg/twice weekly for 4 weeks) in the inguinal white adipose tissue of female and male Swiss mice on a 20% fructose diet (drinking water) for 12 weeks. DC led to adipose tissue hemorrhage, foam cells, and fibrosis, although no body weight and adiposity loss, similar to humans. In males, glucose and hepatic metabolism, hepatic morphology, and protein expression (farnesoid X receptor and fibroblast growth factor-21) did not change by DC, even under fructose feeding. In females, although DC increased hepatic total cholesterol, most changes when detected were due to fructose (e.g., hepatic weight and lipid deposition). In conclusion, chronic DC mesotherapy proved safe for systemic and hepatic metabolism, and when adverse effects are present, they are sex-specific, impacting mostly females, especially under an unhealthy diet. Overall, care must be taken to extrapolate this data to humans since further studies are required to prove its safety in other body systems.</p>","PeriodicalId":7776,"journal":{"name":"Anais da Academia Brasileira de Ciencias","volume":"97 1","pages":"e20240363"},"PeriodicalIF":1.1,"publicationDate":"2025-02-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143397927","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"综合性期刊","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Use of lyophilized larval extracts associated with Bti in Double BR-OVT trap: Strategy to attract and kill mosquitoes of the genera Aedes and Culex.","authors":"Gabriel B Fairestein, Andrea Karla L S Sena, Walter S Leal, Rosângela Maria R Barbosa","doi":"10.1590/0001-3765202520240399","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1590/0001-3765202520240399","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The present study evaluated the efficiency of the larval extract of Aedes aegypti associated with Bacillus thrurigiensis var. israelensis as oviposition bait to enhance the attractiveness of the Double BR-OVT trap. In the laboratory, paired tests were carried out, using two oviposition sites. Thirty pregnant females of A. aegypti were used per test. In the field, paired traps were installed at eight points. The test traps (2 g larval extract + 1 g Bti/ 2 L), controls (1 g Bti/ 2 L). For tests with lyophilized extract, each test trap contained 0.26 g/lyophilized larvae + 1 g Bti/ 2 L. Laboratory results showed that all cups treated (68.8 %/ 842 ± 177; 72.5 %/ 822 ± 167; 70.4 %/ 904 ± 169, respectively), with or without Bti, collected more eggs. In the field, traps treated with larval extract or lyophilized plus Bti collected more Aedes spp eggs (64 %/ 582 ± 467; 62.5 %/ 511 ± 531) and C. quinquefasciatus (65 %/ 11 ± 10; 70 %/ 5 ± 4.3) rafts. The association of Double BR-OVTs traps with larval extract plus Bti proves to be efficient alternatives for the integrated control, with the strategy of attracting and eliminating mosquitoes.</p>","PeriodicalId":7776,"journal":{"name":"Anais da Academia Brasileira de Ciencias","volume":"97 1","pages":"e20240399"},"PeriodicalIF":1.1,"publicationDate":"2025-02-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143397879","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"综合性期刊","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Specific immunohistochemical expression of Mmp-26 in prostatic adenocarcinoma.","authors":"Romildo Luciano DA Silva, Francisco Luís A Paes, Sandra Maria S DA Silva, Fabiano Santos, Eduarda S DE Santana, Jacinto DA C Silva Neto","doi":"10.1590/0001-3765202520231380","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1590/0001-3765202520231380","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Matrix metalloproteinases (MMP) have been identified as biomarkers for several diseases, including cancer. The increase in the expression of these enzymes has been related to greater tumor aggressiveness. MMP-26 is expressed constitutively in the endometrium and some cancer cells of epithelial origin. However, there is a lack of studies on its expression on prostatic carcinoma. In this study, the evaluation of MMP-26 reactivity by immunohistochemistry (IHC) was carried out in 150 paraffinized samples representative of benign and malignant prostatic lesions. 70 of the 150 samples showed IHC immunopositivity, being more prevalent in carcinoma cases (44 out of 70 cases) with moderate and strong intensity. The expression and intensity of the MMP-26 reaction showed a significant association with total PSA values. As expected, serum PSA levels were higher in cases of carcinoma than in prostatic hyperplasia or atrophy. Studies have demonstrated the potential of MMP-26 as a tumor marker, and our results have shown that its immunoexpression was useful to differentiate a group of benign and malignant samples in prostate tumors. This characteristic can assist in the predictive assessment and, consequently, in the development of new strategies for the diagnosis, prognosis, and treatment of prostate cancer.</p>","PeriodicalId":7776,"journal":{"name":"Anais da Academia Brasileira de Ciencias","volume":"97 1","pages":"e20231380"},"PeriodicalIF":1.1,"publicationDate":"2025-01-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143063250","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"综合性期刊","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Tooth replacement of the filter-feeding pterosaur Forfexopterus and its implications for ecological adaptation.","authors":"Chang-Fu Zhou, Fengmin Fan","doi":"10.1590/0001-3765202520240673","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1590/0001-3765202520240673","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>A \"comb-dentition\", characterized by long, needle-like, and closely-spaced teeth, is found in the ctenochasmatid pterosaurs as an adaptation for filter-feeding. However, little is known about their tooth replacement pattern, hindering our understanding of the development of the filter-feeding apparatus of the clade. Here, we describe the tooth replacement of the pterosaur Forfexopterus from the Jehol Biota based on high-resolution X-ray Computed Tomography (CT) reconstruction. As in the ornithocheirid Coloborhynchus, the tooth germs are relatively medially positioned along the middle line; the replacement teeth erupt at the posteromedial side of the functional tooth; no more than one replacement tooth present in each alveolus. The replacement teeth are less than half of the length of the full-grown tooth, and alternatively positioned along the tooth row. The alternatively-positioned young and mature functional teeth are dominant and abrased, maintaining the active tooth-tooth occlusion of the filter-feeding apparatus. Reconstruction of Zahnreihen shows an average Z-spacing of 2.02, comparable to that of the simple alternate replacement (Z-spacing = 2) between odd- and even-numbered tooth positions in reptiles. Based on comparisons with Balaenognathus, Ctenochasma, and Pterodaustro, the tooth replacement pattern appears to be varied in ctenochasmatids, and needs to be further studied in the future.</p>","PeriodicalId":7776,"journal":{"name":"Anais da Academia Brasileira de Ciencias","volume":"97 suppl 1","pages":"e20240673"},"PeriodicalIF":1.1,"publicationDate":"2025-01-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143063194","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"综合性期刊","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}