Hugo N Andrade, Mário Francisco L DE Quadro, André B Nunes, Fabrício S C DE Oliveira, Vilson D DE Avila, Mateus S Teixeira, Rita DE Cássia M Alves
{"title":"Explosive cyclones occurred between 2010 and 2020 in the South Atlantic under the perspective of two detection schemes.","authors":"Hugo N Andrade, Mário Francisco L DE Quadro, André B Nunes, Fabrício S C DE Oliveira, Vilson D DE Avila, Mateus S Teixeira, Rita DE Cássia M Alves","doi":"10.1590/0001-3765202420231051","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1590/0001-3765202420231051","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Under two detection schemes, this study analyzes one of the most destructive weather systems - the explosive cyclones - in the South Atlantic, from 2010 to 2020. Then, two methods are presented to study these systems: the Observational Method (OBSM) and the Automated Method (AUTM). The first uses visual analysis of the mean sea level pressure (mslp) fields and functions to identify the local minimums using the Grid Analysis and Display (GrADS) software. The second utilizes a function from OpenGrADS called mfhilo. It shows the local minimum in the grid using laplacian, magnitude, and percentile. Two shell algorithms for data manipulation are used for the AUTM: one to trace the cyclones' trajectories according to a previously defined fixed area and the other to separate them into explosives. The OBSM methodology showed 271 cases averaging 25 yearly and revealed important characteristics regarding the intensities. According to AUTM's methodology, from the 2705 ordinary cyclone cases identified, 299 are explosives. There is a clear seasonality pattern in the systems' distribution along South America, similar to OBSM, but more highlighted. In summer, they concentrate at high latitudes, while in winter and spring, they are assembled near southern Brazilian and Uruguayan coasts.</p>","PeriodicalId":7776,"journal":{"name":"Anais da Academia Brasileira de Ciencias","volume":"96 suppl 1","pages":"e20231051"},"PeriodicalIF":1.1,"publicationDate":"2024-09-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142279308","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"综合性期刊","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
André F Antunes, Pedro G B Souza-Dias, Daniela M Takiya
{"title":"A new genus of Phlugidini (Insecta, Orthoptera, Tettigoniidae, Meconematinae) from the Atlantic Forest.","authors":"André F Antunes, Pedro G B Souza-Dias, Daniela M Takiya","doi":"10.1590/0001-3765202420240015","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1590/0001-3765202420240015","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>In the Neotropical Region, Phlugidini is the most diverse tribe of Meconematinae, with 62 valid species in 10 genera, six of them recorded from Brazil. Brachyphlugis gen. nov. is described herein based on two new species, Brachyphlugis longicercalis sp. nov. (type species) and Brachyphlugis curvata sp. nov., collected in Parque Nacional do Itatiaia and Reserva Biológica do Tinguá, both in the Atlantic Forest of Rio de Janeiro State. The new genus is most similar to Neophlugis, but it can be distinguished from the latter and other neotropical Phlugidini by the following combination of characteristics: (1) mandibles symmetrical; (2) tegmen extending beyond metanotum; (3) pronotal disk posterior margin convex; (4) tenth tergite strongly projected and downcurved; (5) male cercus pronounced with a larger base and acuminate apex; (6) paraproct modified with developed spine; (7) male subgenital plate with two distolateral projections connected to a pair of styles; and (8) female subgenital plate wider than long, posterior margin with two projections. An up-to-date key to neotropical Phlugidini genera is also provided.</p>","PeriodicalId":7776,"journal":{"name":"Anais da Academia Brasileira de Ciencias","volume":"96 suppl 1","pages":"e20240015"},"PeriodicalIF":1.1,"publicationDate":"2024-09-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142279303","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"综合性期刊","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Juliana DE M Medeiros, Diego M Penedo, André Luis S Resende, Denise M Nogueira
{"title":"Identification of insect body fragments found in fecal samples of Sapajus nigritus (Primates: Cebidae) from five Conservation Units in Rio de Janeiro state, Brazil.","authors":"Juliana DE M Medeiros, Diego M Penedo, André Luis S Resende, Denise M Nogueira","doi":"10.1590/0001-3765202420231272","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1590/0001-3765202420231272","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Sapajus nigritus (Primates: Cebidae) is endemic of the Atlantic Forest, occurring from the Southeastern and Southern regions of Brazil to Northeastern Argentina. This species plays a role in two ecosystem services: seed dispersal through endozoochory and insect population control in agricultural plantations and forest environments. Fruits and invertebrates represent approximately 90% of their diet, and there is a large number of insects in the diet of S. nigritus in urban and conserved areas. However, it is known that insect diversity decreases in anthropized environments. Our objective was to identify the insects present in the fecal samples of S. nigritus from five Conservation Units in Rio de Janeiro state, Brazil. We aim to estimate the percentage of each taxon of insects found in feces either, hypothesizing that there are a greater variety of insect species in the diet of S. nigritus that inhabit preserved forested areas. A fecal screening was conducted using a light microscopy and the insects were identified based on their external morphology. Insect fragments were found in eight out of ten fecal samples of S. nigritus, revealing that they belonged to insects from five orders: Hymenoptera, Hemiptera, Orthoptera, Coleoptera and Blattodea, suggesting a good conservation status of the sampling areas.</p>","PeriodicalId":7776,"journal":{"name":"Anais da Academia Brasileira de Ciencias","volume":"96 suppl 1","pages":"e20231272"},"PeriodicalIF":1.1,"publicationDate":"2024-09-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142279309","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"综合性期刊","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Rodrigo Vargas, Isabela P Martins, Anna Carolina H DE Souza, Julia B Oliveira, Ariadny M DE Almeira, Camila Cristina I Matiusso, Camila B Zara, Audrei Pavanello, Sarah Rickli, Camila Q Neves, Willian N S Rodrigues, Jean Carlos Fernando Besson, Tânia Cristina A Becker, Ananda Malta, Paulo Cezar F Mathias
{"title":"Protein-caloric-restriction diet during lactation programs lean phenotype and improves the antioxidative system in adult female rat offspring.","authors":"Rodrigo Vargas, Isabela P Martins, Anna Carolina H DE Souza, Julia B Oliveira, Ariadny M DE Almeira, Camila Cristina I Matiusso, Camila B Zara, Audrei Pavanello, Sarah Rickli, Camila Q Neves, Willian N S Rodrigues, Jean Carlos Fernando Besson, Tânia Cristina A Becker, Ananda Malta, Paulo Cezar F Mathias","doi":"10.1590/0001-3765202420231049","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1590/0001-3765202420231049","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Nutritional insults early in life, such as during the suckling phase, are associated with phenotypic alterations and promote adverse permanent effects that impair the capacity to maintain energy balance in adulthood. This study aimed to evaluate the long-term effects of a low-protein (LP) diet during lactation on the metabolism and antioxidant systems of adult female rat offspring. Dams were fed a low-protein diet (4% protein) during the first two weeks of lactation or a normal-protein (NP) diet (20% protein) during the entire lactation period. The female offspring received a standard diet throughout the experiment. At 90 days of age, female LP offspring exhibited decreased body weight, feeding efficiency, and fat pad stores. The adult LP female offspring displayed brown adipose tissue hyperplasia without alterations in glucose homeostasis. The LP diet decreased liver triglyceride content and improved the antioxidant system compared to the NP group. The LP diet during the suckling phase promotes a lean phenotype and improves the hepatocyte antioxidant system in adult female offspring. Thus, the LP diet may play an important role in homeostasis and the prevention of metabolic damage.</p>","PeriodicalId":7776,"journal":{"name":"Anais da Academia Brasileira de Ciencias","volume":"96 suppl 1","pages":"e20231049"},"PeriodicalIF":1.1,"publicationDate":"2024-09-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142279318","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"综合性期刊","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Reproduction in the spider mite Oligonychus yothersi (Acari: Tetranychidae).","authors":"Júlia J Ferla, Juliana Granich, Noeli J Ferla","doi":"10.1590/0001-3765202420230500","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1590/0001-3765202420230500","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>In this work we reported injuries caused by the spider mite Oligonychus yothersi on Vitis vinifera leaves and we also investigate the sex ratio of this species under laboratory conditions. To access the aspects regarding reproduction, females were placed individually in arenas made of V. vinifera leaves to oviposit and all progeny were mounted on slides when they reached adulthood to confirm the offspring sex. Our study showed that O. yothersi reproduces by thelytokous /arrhenotokous parthenogenesis, generating low number of males. Additionally, we found vine plants with leaf browning, particularly on the adaxial surface, where mites were usually found.</p>","PeriodicalId":7776,"journal":{"name":"Anais da Academia Brasileira de Ciencias","volume":"96 4","pages":"e20230500"},"PeriodicalIF":1.1,"publicationDate":"2024-09-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142279323","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"综合性期刊","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Flávio M Borém, Luís Gustavo A Salvio, Jefferson Luiz G Correa, Ana Paula C Alves, Cláudia M Dos Santos, Luana Haeberlin, Marcelo A Cirillo, Rosane F Schwan
{"title":"Influence of Fermentation Time and Inoculation of Starter Culture on the Chemical Composition of Fermented Natural Coffee Followed by Depulping.","authors":"Flávio M Borém, Luís Gustavo A Salvio, Jefferson Luiz G Correa, Ana Paula C Alves, Cláudia M Dos Santos, Luana Haeberlin, Marcelo A Cirillo, Rosane F Schwan","doi":"10.1590/0001-3765202420240083","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1590/0001-3765202420240083","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Fermentation using starter cultures has been considered an alternative and economically viable technology for the production of specialty coffees. This type of technology promotes several benefits, such as increased sensory quality, control over the fermentation process, predictability of the final product and added value. Coffee (Coffea arabica L.) samples for this study were collected in Presidente Olegário - MG (2018/19 crop year) in the Cerrado region of Minas Gerais. The effects of natural fermentation and inoculation of the yeast Torulaspora delbrueckii and duration of fermentation (0, 24, 48, 72 and 96 hours) on the sensory and chemical quality (analysis of bioactive, volatile, and organic compounds and fatty acids) of coffee were evaluated. The objective of this study was to determine the effect of fermentation time and starter culture inoculation on the chemical composition of fermented coffees. Fermentation time significantly influenced the sensory description of the coffee beverage, with notes of honey, brown sugar and almond predominating up to 48 hours, for coffees fermented for 72 and 96 hours the notes described were and fruity, winey notes. The chemical composition was primarily influenced by fermentation time.</p>","PeriodicalId":7776,"journal":{"name":"Anais da Academia Brasileira de Ciencias","volume":"96 suppl 1","pages":"e20240083"},"PeriodicalIF":1.1,"publicationDate":"2024-09-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142279310","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"综合性期刊","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Marcos Fábio V Montezuma, Enio P DE Deus, Cassius Olivio F T Rüchert, Márcio C DE Carvalho, Marcelo A E Silva Filho
{"title":"Numerical-experimental procedure for predicting fatigue life in SAE AMS 7475-T7351 aluminum alloy considering the effect of stress ratio.","authors":"Marcos Fábio V Montezuma, Enio P DE Deus, Cassius Olivio F T Rüchert, Márcio C DE Carvalho, Marcelo A E Silva Filho","doi":"10.1590/0001-3765202420231400","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1590/0001-3765202420231400","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>This study addresses the prediction of fatigue life in SAE AMS 7475-T7351 aluminum alloys under variable loads, commonly used in the construction of aircraft fuselages. The main objective of the research was to develop a numerical-experimental procedure to analyze crack growth, using the Walker's approach which considers the effects of the stress ratio R on the fatigue crack growth rate d a / d N , combined with the Finite Element Method and Linear Regression of the Stress Intensity Factor. Observations showed that Walker's model effectively consolidated fatigue crack propagation data for various stress ratios when applied longitudinally to L-T rolling orientation, due to low dependence of exponent m on R -value in d a / d N equation. Simple averaging of m values effectively calculated Walker's exponent. The methodology employed experimental tests following ASTM standards for tension, fracture toughness, and fatigue, complemented by Finite Element Method (FEM) simulations. The Walker's model proved more effective, while the Paris-Erdogan model, which ignores the R effect, resulted in overly conservative service life estimates. The principle of similitude suggests that this methodology could be effective in predicting fatigue life in cases with complex geometries, where calculating the Stress Intensity Factor Fracture parameter is challenging and the Finite Element Method shows efficiency.</p>","PeriodicalId":7776,"journal":{"name":"Anais da Academia Brasileira de Ciencias","volume":"96 suppl 1","pages":"e20231400"},"PeriodicalIF":1.1,"publicationDate":"2024-09-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142279313","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"综合性期刊","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Marcos Rodrigues, Marília Danyelle N Rodrigues, Raysa P Borges, Wladimir C DE Azevedo Junior, Ângelo Augusto Ebling
{"title":"Determinants of greenhouse gas emissions by Brazilian agricultural sector.","authors":"Marcos Rodrigues, Marília Danyelle N Rodrigues, Raysa P Borges, Wladimir C DE Azevedo Junior, Ângelo Augusto Ebling","doi":"10.1590/0001-3765202420240345","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1590/0001-3765202420240345","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The agricultural sector is one of the most polluting economic activities, contributing significantly to greenhouse gas (GHGs) emissions. Brazil is one of the largest agricultural producers worldwide and plays a major role in reducing the environmental impact of this sector. Here, we aimed to determine the impact of the agricultural sector, with special attention to production, prices, and trade openness, on the short- and long-term GHGs emissions of Brazilian agriculture. Employing data from 1974 to 2019, we tested the cointegration of variables and compared the determinants of GHG emissions using Autoregressive Distributed Lag (ARDL) and Vector Error Correction Model (VECM) methods. Our results show a long-term equilibrium trend for Brazilian agricultural GHGs emissions, a result that correlates with emerging environmental compliance, and society demands the adoption of sustainable technologies, processes, and policies. In the short run, both cattle herds and Agricultural Added Value to GDP per capita showed an expected positive and significant contribution to GHGs emissions, while agricultural crop area demonstrated an inverse relationship. The trade openness index confirmed that foreign trade plays an important role in reducing GHGs emissions. The price index is not significant in our models. Both the private and public sectors have important roles in sustainable agriculture, especially in increasing system efficiency through the adoption of management and technologies that reduce GHG emissions levels.</p>","PeriodicalId":7776,"journal":{"name":"Anais da Academia Brasileira de Ciencias","volume":"96 suppl 1","pages":"e20240345"},"PeriodicalIF":1.1,"publicationDate":"2024-09-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142279305","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"综合性期刊","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Bruno R Oliveira, Maiara B Marques, Adriano V Werhli, Luis Fernando Marins
{"title":"Phosphokinases related to drug resistance in two cohorts from the cancer genome atlas (TCGA): uterine carcinoma and testicular cancer.","authors":"Bruno R Oliveira, Maiara B Marques, Adriano V Werhli, Luis Fernando Marins","doi":"10.1590/0001-3765202420231365","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1590/0001-3765202420231365","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>We aimed to find new therapeutic targets related to Cancer Stem Cell alterations in recurrent patients from two TCGA cohorts: Testicular Germ Cell Tumor (TGCT) and Uterine Corpus Endometrial Carcinoma (UCEC). Raw sequencing data were downloaded from the TCGA database. Datasets containing RNA expression and Methylation files were directly downloaded from cBioportal. Variant Call Format files (VCFs) were downloaded from the GDC portal. Gene enrichment analysis was performed using GSEA (Gene Set Enrichment Analysis) software. Transcriptome profiling, coexpression co-occurrence, networks, and survival analyses were performed using cBioportal tools, while mutational analysis of patients was processed using UNIX scripts. We found that cancer stem cell transcription factors were highly expressed in Testicular Germ Cell Tumor (TGCT) and Uterine Corpus Endometrial Carcinoma (UCEC) cohorts, compared to the other 29 cancer cohorts in TCGA. Patients presented a poorer diagnosis when the genes (POU5F1, NANOG, SOX2, SALL4, ABCB1, ABCC1, and ABCG2) were altered. In UCEC cohorts, recurrent patients showed the ABCG2 potentially phosphorylated by the PIM1 kinase. In the TGCT cohort, genes ABCB1 and ABCG2 only appeared in the phosphonetwork in recurrent patients potentially phosphorylated by the same kinase, PIM1, but also by PRKACA. Our data indicate that PRKACA and PIM1 may modulate POU5F1 phosphorylation.</p>","PeriodicalId":7776,"journal":{"name":"Anais da Academia Brasileira de Ciencias","volume":"96 suppl 1","pages":"e20231365"},"PeriodicalIF":1.1,"publicationDate":"2024-09-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142279315","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"综合性期刊","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Huana S DE Godoi, Djéssica Tatiane Raspe, Natália Stevanato, Isabela S Angelotto, Vitor Augusto S Garcia, Camila DA Silva
{"title":"Water-soluble oat extract enriched with mango peel flour: preparation, characterization and application in Greek yogurt.","authors":"Huana S DE Godoi, Djéssica Tatiane Raspe, Natália Stevanato, Isabela S Angelotto, Vitor Augusto S Garcia, Camila DA Silva","doi":"10.1590/0001-3765202420231353","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1590/0001-3765202420231353","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>This study aimed to produce water-soluble oat extract enriched with mango peel flour (MPF) as a source of active compounds and to use this ingredient as a partial substitute for whole milk in Greek yogurt (GY) for its nutritional enrichment. Enriched water-soluble oat extracts (EWSOE) were produced with different concentrations of MPF (0%, 1%, 1.5% and 2%) and characterized in relation to pH, titratable acidity, soluble proteins and total phenolics. Three GY formulations were prepared by partially replacing whole milk with EWSOE and the best formulation (in relation to sensory analyzes and phenolics compounds) was selected for storage study, chemical characterization, and sensory acceptance testing. MPF addition increased soluble proteins and total phenolics in EWSOE. GY formulations prepared with EWSOE had similar sensory scores. During storage, GY prepared with EWSOE containing 2% MPF exhibited changes in pH and titratable acidity and a reduction in total phenolics. Color parameters, cholesterol, and fatty acid composition did not change over 21 days of storage. The major fatty acids in GY were oleic and palmitic acids. The selected product had low lactose content (1.2%), achieved satisfactory sensory acceptance in relation to the evaluated attributes, and had lipid (~6.19%) and protein (~3.96%) contents within regulatory requirements. Additionally, EWSOE is a valuable ingredient in GY preparation, offering beneficial nutritional and functional properties.</p>","PeriodicalId":7776,"journal":{"name":"Anais da Academia Brasileira de Ciencias","volume":"96 suppl 1","pages":"e20231353"},"PeriodicalIF":1.1,"publicationDate":"2024-09-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142279320","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"综合性期刊","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}