Maria Tereza V DE Souza, Grazyelle S DA Silva, Igor A Pinto, Lizandro Manzato, Adalberto Luis Val
{"title":"Occurrence of microplastics in the gastrointestinal tract of Amazonian fish species with different feeding habits.","authors":"Maria Tereza V DE Souza, Grazyelle S DA Silva, Igor A Pinto, Lizandro Manzato, Adalberto Luis Val","doi":"10.1590/0001-3765202520241204","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1590/0001-3765202520241204","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Plastic pollution has become commonplace and knowledge about microplastics is limited in relation to their real threat to the aquatic biota present in the Amazon basin. Through fish species collected in Lake Janauacá and the Anavilhanas Archipelago, in the state of Amazonas, Brazil, we investigated the ingestion of microplastics by Amazonian fish species with different eating habits. The fish were dissected, and the gastrointestinal tract underwent alkaline digestion for the separation of the microplastic particles. Using a stereomicroscope, the items characterized as microplastics were subjected to Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy. Almost >60% of the analyzed fish species contained microplastics in their gastrointestinal tracts. Most of the microplastics were found in the intestine (91.5%) and the rest (8.5%) in the stomach. There were no significant differences in the feeding habits of the studied species, or between the locations. The characterization of microplastics highlights the possible sources of the microplastics such as discarded fishing artifacts, the lack of basic sanitation evident in the region and the lack of environmental education for tourists. This study provides data that can assist in the development and formation of practices that combat plastic pollution and raises awareness in regard to the correct disposal of plastics.</p>","PeriodicalId":7776,"journal":{"name":"Anais da Academia Brasileira de Ciencias","volume":"97Suppl 3 Suppl 3","pages":"e20241204"},"PeriodicalIF":1.1,"publicationDate":"2025-07-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144607195","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"综合性期刊","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Filipe B Marinho DE Barros, Ulysses P DE Holanda Pereira, Maria Júlia S Luis, Pedro L Guzzo
{"title":"Correlating particle size distribution and thermal decomposition of intensely ground limestone and dolostone with microstructure and structural changes.","authors":"Filipe B Marinho DE Barros, Ulysses P DE Holanda Pereira, Maria Júlia S Luis, Pedro L Guzzo","doi":"10.1590/0001-3765202520240970","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1590/0001-3765202520240970","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>An extensive investigation in limestone and dolostone ground in a planetary ball mill was achieved bearing in mind the different paths often observed in particle size reduction and agglomeration between these rocks and their increasing use in ultrafine size ranges for eco-friendly engineering applications. Two samples ground (dry) in a planetary ball mill up to 32 h were examined using laser scattering, physisorption, electron microscopy, X-ray diffraction, infrared spectroscopy and thermal analysis. Static hardness and crystal grain sizes were measured in parent rock specimens. For limestone, the apparent grinding limit (12 µm) was reached after 1 h, and no changes were observed in lattice strain, crystallite size and infrared bands related to CO32- vibration modes. For dolostone, these properties changed significantly when the grinding limit (6 µm) was achieved (8 h). Calcite-aragonite transformation was mostly observed in intensely ground dolostone. The activation energy for thermal decomposition of calcite and dolomite was correlated with lattice strain and particle agglomeration. The lower grinding rate noticed for dolostone was attributed to its refined grain size. Distinct energy dissipation mechanisms were portrayed once the grinding limit was reached: agglomeration and deagglomeration cycles in limestone; plastic deformation and growth of strong agglomerates in dolostone.</p>","PeriodicalId":7776,"journal":{"name":"Anais da Academia Brasileira de Ciencias","volume":"97 3","pages":"e20240970"},"PeriodicalIF":1.1,"publicationDate":"2025-06-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144558837","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"综合性期刊","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Geysa Kelly O Veloso, Thaisa S Michelan, Ully M Pozzobom, Sara Lodi, Karina Dias-Silva
{"title":"Influence of limnological variables on aquatic macrophytes in the Belo Monte reservoir, Amazon, Brazil.","authors":"Geysa Kelly O Veloso, Thaisa S Michelan, Ully M Pozzobom, Sara Lodi, Karina Dias-Silva","doi":"10.1590/0001-3765202520240742","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1590/0001-3765202520240742","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The demand for electricity grows with human expansion. Hydroelectric plants harness river energy but impact freshwater ecosystems. Reservoirs alter water flow, sediment, and local aquatic communities. Environmental variables affect aquatic macrophytes, which play crucial roles in ecosystem balance. This study examines the effects of pH, conductivity, oxygen, temperature, and depth on macrophytes in Belo Monte reservoirs. The study sampled 34 sites in the Xingu and Intermediate reservoirs, measuring the variables pH, conductivity, oxygen, and temperature. We used linear models to assess the relationship between macrophytes and environmental characteristics. Aquatic macrophytes, identified and categorized into life forms, showed significant variation in species richness. Results indicated that pH negatively affects macrophyte richness. Most species were emergent, belonging to Poaceae and Cyperaceae families. The study underscores the importance of pH in determining macrophyte diversity, possibly due to the ecophysiological responses of macrophyte to ionic variations. Temperature was a determining factor for the occurrence of emergent species. We highlight the need for further research on how environmental changes impact aquatic ecosystems, especially considering ongoing and future dam projects in the Amazon biome.</p>","PeriodicalId":7776,"journal":{"name":"Anais da Academia Brasileira de Ciencias","volume":"97 3","pages":"e20240742"},"PeriodicalIF":1.1,"publicationDate":"2025-06-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144558839","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"综合性期刊","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Refined Analysis of Microplastics: Integrating Infrared and Raman Spectroscopy.","authors":"Vitor S Ramos, Marcos L Dias","doi":"10.1590/0001-3765202520241313","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1590/0001-3765202520241313","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Microplastics are a serious environmental threat, impacting biodiversity, ecosystem integrity, and human health. Controlling and mitigating these effects requires a detailed understanding of the physicochemical characteristics of these contaminants. This study aims to enhance the analysis of microplastics in aquatic environments by focusing on the optimization and integration of advanced characterization techniques, such as Fourier Transform Infrared Spectroscopy and Raman Spectroscopy. The goal is to improve accuracy in identifying the polymers that makeup microplastics, which is crucial for developing effective strategies for mitigating and controlling aquatic contamination. To this end, the application of Surface-Enhanced Raman Spectroscopy is suggested in this review article, as it significantly improves signal-to-noise ratio, enabling more detailed detection of plastic residues and adsorbed microorganisms. These integrated analyses facilitate the acquisition of more robust and detailed data, essential for formulating effective solutions to the microplastics problem. Additionally, FTIR and Raman spectra were generated for polymers commonly found as microplastics, such as PP, LDPE, PS, and PVC, due to their widespread use in various materials. These standards will provide crucial data for identifying unknown microplastics, significantly contributing to the accuracy and reliability of the analyses.</p>","PeriodicalId":7776,"journal":{"name":"Anais da Academia Brasileira de Ciencias","volume":"97 suppl 3","pages":"e20241313"},"PeriodicalIF":1.1,"publicationDate":"2025-06-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144558840","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"综合性期刊","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Trends and gaps in microplastics research in Tropical freshwater ecosystems.","authors":"Marina F Moreira, Cecília G Leal, Paulo S Pompeu","doi":"10.1590/0001-3765202520241229","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1590/0001-3765202520241229","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Although the contamination of microplastics is a very recent topic, knowledge increased rapidly, especially in the last decade. Despite this, freshwater ecosystems have received less attention than marine ones, particularly in the tropics. Considering the particularities of Tropical freshwater ecosystems that can be important in the microplastics dynamic, such as the high rate of untreated water, the flooding dynamics and high number of reservoirs, our review aims to present the state of the research of microplastic contamination in Tropical freshwater ecosystems, emphasizing the knowledge advances and existing gaps. We compared studies in different countries, ecosystems and type of samples, and identified gaps and needs for futures research. Although research and the complexity of studies have increased over the years, Tropical freshwater ecosystems are still understudied. We emphasized the need for more studies in African countries and Tropical Australia, as well as in reservoirs across all Tropical regions. It is also crucial to evaluate contamination related to flooding dynamics and in aquatic invertebrates. Advancements in research on this topic are essential to provide a clear picture of the real problem in the tropics, leading to the possibility of better mitigation and conservation actions in the future.</p>","PeriodicalId":7776,"journal":{"name":"Anais da Academia Brasileira de Ciencias","volume":"97 suppl 3","pages":"e20241229"},"PeriodicalIF":1.1,"publicationDate":"2025-06-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144558842","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"综合性期刊","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Juarez Lourenço, Felipe Fraifeld, Nicolas R Hispagnol, Giovanni C Stael
{"title":"Geophysical Characterization of São José do Vale do Rio Preto to Identify Uranium Occurrences in Groundwater, Southeast of Brazil.","authors":"Juarez Lourenço, Felipe Fraifeld, Nicolas R Hispagnol, Giovanni C Stael","doi":"10.1590/0001-3765202520240609","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1590/0001-3765202520240609","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The deterioration of surface water quality in the hydrographic basins of the mountainous region of Rio de Janeiro, Brazil, has led to an increasing dependence on well drilling for access to groundwater. Although this groundwater is often considered a high-quality source suitable for consumption, it may contain elevated concentrations of Uranium (U) due to the regional lithological geochemistry. The study area, located in São José do Vale do Rio Preto (Rio de Janeiro, Brazil), features a complex geological composition that influences the hydrochemical in the region's fractured aquifers. This research primarily aimed to investigate the factors contributing to high levels of U in groundwater in this region. Advanced geophysical techniques were employed, including gamma-ray spectrometry to assess radioelement concentrations and magnetometry to map structural directions in the area. The study mapped contamination patterns both on the surface and subsurface, establishing a precise correlation between groundwater flow dynamics and the influence of the Central Tectonic Boundary (CTB), a significant transpressive shear zone affecting the regional geological structure. In addition to the geophysical data analysis, the research evaluated the impact of local geological formations on U distribution in well samples. By integrating these results, the study clarified the relationship between geological formations, groundwater flow, and U contamination. This understanding can guide strategies to mitigate water quality issues and provide insights for more effective groundwater management practices in the region.</p>","PeriodicalId":7776,"journal":{"name":"Anais da Academia Brasileira de Ciencias","volume":"97 3","pages":"e20240609"},"PeriodicalIF":1.1,"publicationDate":"2025-06-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144558838","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"综合性期刊","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Gustavo R Martins, Elton Jorge R Rodrigues, Maria Inês B Tavares
{"title":"The invisible world of nanoplastics: bibliometric analysis on nanoplastics and study of their adsorption capacity.","authors":"Gustavo R Martins, Elton Jorge R Rodrigues, Maria Inês B Tavares","doi":"10.1590/0001-3765202520240922","DOIUrl":"10.1590/0001-3765202520240922","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The increasing presence of nanoplastics in the environment raises concerns about their toxic effects on human health and ecosystems, including bioaccumulation, pollution, and unknown impacts on the food chain and marine organisms. With the rise of polymer pollution, it is urgent to understand the characteristics of this new pollutant. This study uses bibliometric analysis to elucidate the state-of-the-art on nanoplastics and their adsorption capacity, highlighting concerns, advances, and research gaps. Tools like Vosviewer® and Python were used to identify trends in publications, noting a significant increase since 2018, with China leading scientific production. The review details the physicochemical characteristics of nanoplastics, characterization methods, and adsorption mechanisms, emphasizing interactions with environmental contaminants and health effects. Public policies and advanced detection techniques are necessary. Significant gaps require investigation to mitigate the impacts of nanoplastics on the environment and human health.</p>","PeriodicalId":7776,"journal":{"name":"Anais da Academia Brasileira de Ciencias","volume":"97 suppl 3","pages":"e20240922"},"PeriodicalIF":1.1,"publicationDate":"2025-06-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144558841","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"综合性期刊","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Cristiele Dos Santos Souza, Gabriel Marins, Isabela Fernanda L G Camargo, Larissa Boaz DE Lima, Anabele Stefânia Gomes, Fabian Borghetti
{"title":"Allelopathic hypotheses revisited: the interactions between native and exotic species in the Brazilian savanna.","authors":"Cristiele Dos Santos Souza, Gabriel Marins, Isabela Fernanda L G Camargo, Larissa Boaz DE Lima, Anabele Stefânia Gomes, Fabian Borghetti","doi":"10.1590/0001-3765202520240252","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1590/0001-3765202520240252","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>We investigated allelopathic interactions between native and exotic species of the Cerrado biome. We studied the effects of the exotic Andropogon gayanus and the native A. bicornis on the initial growth of two native (A. fastigiatus and Lepidaploa aurea) and two exotic species (Melinis minutiflora and Stapfochloa elata). Leaves or roots of the donors were each mixed at ratios of 0.75, 1.5 and 3% (litter/soil) with soil samples collected in the same areas where they spontaneously co-occur with their target species. We found that A. gayanus inhibited the growth of all target species, what agrees with the novel weapon hypothesis. The native A. bicornis stimulated the growth of the two native species and of S. elata but inhibited the growth of the exotic M. minutiflora, in line with the homeland security hypothesis. Our studies suggest that allelopathy may have a part in the invasiveness of A. gayanus and that the inhibitory effect of A. bicornis on the growth of M. minutiflora might help to control the spread of this exotic grass. We conclude that allelopathy may be involved in the interactions between species and be used in controlling the spread of exotic species over many areas of the Cerrado.</p>","PeriodicalId":7776,"journal":{"name":"Anais da Academia Brasileira de Ciencias","volume":"97 3","pages":"e20240252"},"PeriodicalIF":1.1,"publicationDate":"2025-06-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144493465","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"综合性期刊","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Glenda L Lazo, Danieli Cristina Lemes, Patrícia M Pauletti, Jairo K Bastos, Sérgio Ricardo Ambrósio, Rodrigo Cassio S Veneziani, Regina Helena Pires
{"title":"Analysis of the antimicrobial activity of propolis: A narrative review of in-vitro studies.","authors":"Glenda L Lazo, Danieli Cristina Lemes, Patrícia M Pauletti, Jairo K Bastos, Sérgio Ricardo Ambrósio, Rodrigo Cassio S Veneziani, Regina Helena Pires","doi":"10.1590/0001-3765202520241302","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1590/0001-3765202520241302","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Propolis, harvested by bees from local and seasonal flora, exhibits a diverse chemical composition renowned for its antimicrobial, antioxidant, and anti-inflammatory attributes. This positions it as a promising ally in combatting antimicrobial resistance. This narrative review aims to provide a comprehensive investigation of in vitro studies investigating propolis' antimicrobial efficacy. Employing the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA) methodology, we conducted searches in PubMed, SciELO, and Lilacs databases. Articles published between 2011 and 2023, in English, Spanish, or Portuguese, and focusing on propolis' in vitro antimicrobial activity against human pathogens were included using descriptors. Out of 291 initially identified articles, 34 were meticulously chosen post-application of exclusion criteria. Despite originating from diverse regions, propolis consistently demonstrates a rich profile abundant in fundamental phenolic compounds and flavonoids. The synergy of its constituent elements' leads to significant antibacterial significant antibacterial and antifungal effects via distinct mechanisms. Appreciating the varied chemical compositions of propolis is imperative for optimizing its therapeutic potential. Its remarkable antibacterial and antifungal attributes, alongside standardized testing methodologies and exploration of synergistic combinations with conventional antibiotics or essential oils, present compelling strategies for effectively addressing antimicrobial resistance.</p>","PeriodicalId":7776,"journal":{"name":"Anais da Academia Brasileira de Ciencias","volume":"97 3","pages":"e20241302"},"PeriodicalIF":1.1,"publicationDate":"2025-06-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144493466","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"综合性期刊","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Anna Letícia C C Villardi, Agatha Evelin C DE Lima, Eduardo B DE Sousa, Ana Carolina L DE Oliveira
{"title":"Congenital Clubfoot Treatment Outcome with Ponseti Method is not Influenced by Nutritional Status.","authors":"Anna Letícia C C Villardi, Agatha Evelin C DE Lima, Eduardo B DE Sousa, Ana Carolina L DE Oliveira","doi":"10.1590/0001-3765202520241427","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1590/0001-3765202520241427","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The objective of the study was to evaluate the impact of preoperative nutritional status on the outcome of bilateral congenital clubfoot (CCF) correction using the Ponseti method in infants. A prospective study was carried out between September 2021 and June 2022, including patients aged 0 to 2 years, of both sexes, diagnosed with bilateral CCF treated using the Ponseti method. Anthropometric measurements were collected, a subjective global nutritional assessment questionnaire (SGNA) was applied and complications were identified. The sample consisted of 18 patients (mean age = 3.85 months), predominantly Caucasian (55.5%) and eutrophic (50%) at birth. Regarding preoperative SGNA, two patients were classified as moderately/severely malnourished. Eight patients obtained the same evaluation and nine presented different classifications when comparatively evaluated regarding ideal body weight and body mass index in consultation #1. Of the total number of patients, 22.2% presented recurrence. In conclusion, no significant differences were observed between birth weight and preoperative data, preoperative SGNA and fasting time between patients who had a good or poor outcome after CCF treatment.</p>","PeriodicalId":7776,"journal":{"name":"Anais da Academia Brasileira de Ciencias","volume":"97 2","pages":"e20241427"},"PeriodicalIF":1.1,"publicationDate":"2025-06-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144493463","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"综合性期刊","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}