Daniela Leles, Patricia Millar, Danuza Mattos, Sheila M DE Souza, Claudia Rodrigues-Carvalho, Madu Gaspar, Kita Macario, Murilo Bastos, Ricardo Michel, Diogo Tschoeke, Sergio Chaves, Marcia Chame, Esteban Clua, Sarah Barboza, Letícia DE Menezes, Clarisse Falheiro, Aline Ribeiro, Elizabeth Alves, Bruna Saldanha, Anderson Garcia, Elisa Pucu, Morgana Xavier, Amanda Martins, Adriana Sudré, Beatriz Brener, Michelle M Tizuka
{"title":"Rediscovering forgotten collections and their impact on society for the preservation of threatened archaeological sites.","authors":"Daniela Leles, Patricia Millar, Danuza Mattos, Sheila M DE Souza, Claudia Rodrigues-Carvalho, Madu Gaspar, Kita Macario, Murilo Bastos, Ricardo Michel, Diogo Tschoeke, Sergio Chaves, Marcia Chame, Esteban Clua, Sarah Barboza, Letícia DE Menezes, Clarisse Falheiro, Aline Ribeiro, Elizabeth Alves, Bruna Saldanha, Anderson Garcia, Elisa Pucu, Morgana Xavier, Amanda Martins, Adriana Sudré, Beatriz Brener, Michelle M Tizuka","doi":"10.1590/0001-3765202520241328","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1590/0001-3765202520241328","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":7776,"journal":{"name":"Anais da Academia Brasileira de Ciencias","volume":"97 1","pages":"e20241328"},"PeriodicalIF":1.1,"publicationDate":"2025-03-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143655916","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"综合性期刊","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Lepidoptera (Insecta) of medical relevance of the state of Rio de Janeiro, Brazil.","authors":"Fábio F Leal, Thamara Zacca","doi":"10.1590/0001-3765202520240938","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1590/0001-3765202520240938","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Fourteen families of Lepidoptera are considered of medical relevance, with six of them recorded in Brazil. However, basic information on medically relevant Lepidoptera in Brazil is limited, with most studies focused on the southern region. This study presents the first comprehensive list of Lepidoptera of medical relevance for the state of Rio de Janeiro based on data from literature, iNaturalist, and the Taxonomic Catalog of the Brazilian Fauna. Based exclusively on literature, 161 species of Lepidoptera of medical relevance have been recorded in southern and southeastern Brazil, with 90 species found in Rio de Janeiro. By incorporating additional sources, the list expands to 325 species, 268 of which are found in Rio de Janeiro. These are distributed across Saturniidae (20 genera / 98 species), Lasiocampidae (6 / 98), Megalopygidae (5 / 38), Limacodidae (8 / 25), Erebidae (1 / 8), and Aididae (1 / 1). The study also discusses records from the Notifiable Diseases Information System, clinical terminologies related to Lepidoptera, and the importance of citizen science platforms in expanding scientific knowledge. Additionally, the taxonomic challenges in identifying these insects are highlighted.</p>","PeriodicalId":7776,"journal":{"name":"Anais da Academia Brasileira de Ciencias","volume":"97 1","pages":"e20240938"},"PeriodicalIF":1.1,"publicationDate":"2025-03-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143612741","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"综合性期刊","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Lilian R DE Rezende, Verônica T F Castelo Branco, Kamilla V Savasini, Marta P DA Luz, Michéle D T Casagrande, Liseane P Thives, Lêda C F L Lucena, Liedi L B Bernucci
{"title":"Criteria for Research Productivity Grants in Brazil Applied to Civil Engineering: Reflections on Gender Differences and the Current Context.","authors":"Lilian R DE Rezende, Verônica T F Castelo Branco, Kamilla V Savasini, Marta P DA Luz, Michéle D T Casagrande, Liseane P Thives, Lêda C F L Lucena, Liedi L B Bernucci","doi":"10.1590/0001-3765202520240562","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1590/0001-3765202520240562","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>This article addresses gender issues in the context of the professor's productivity grants (PQ) distribution applied to Civil Engineering. It contributes with reflections on the advancement of knowledge and gender equality through the inclusion of integrity and holistic aspects. A quantitative and descriptive data analysis of public documents revealed that the number of women civil engineers is considerable, and that female professors engaged in postgraduate are capable of competing for scholarships. Nevertheless, less than 20% of PQ scholarships are awarded to female civil engineers, and the current scenario point to a gender disparity in terms of approval PQ demands. Moreover, despite the majority having already reached the pinnacle of their academic careers, only one has been designated at the highest level, and none have attained the rank of Senior. These findings can indicate segregation, structural barriers, lack of support and policies that encourage access to the highest levels of scholarships, possible subjectivity in the judgment that lead to the lack of impartiality and discrimination, and other factors that may still be understood as gender discrimination. Thus, the PQ criteria can be reviewed in light of the Brazilian National Care Policy, Sustainable Development Goal 5, and gender mainstreaming.</p>","PeriodicalId":7776,"journal":{"name":"Anais da Academia Brasileira de Ciencias","volume":"97 1","pages":"e20240562"},"PeriodicalIF":1.1,"publicationDate":"2025-03-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143612737","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"综合性期刊","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Caio O Rodrigues, José Matheus V Matos, Tatiana B Dos Santos, Allan E M Santos
{"title":"A new approach to dilution prediction of underground mine gold using computing techniques.","authors":"Caio O Rodrigues, José Matheus V Matos, Tatiana B Dos Santos, Allan E M Santos","doi":"10.1590/0001-376520252024042","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1590/0001-376520252024042","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Controlling ore dilution in underground mining is challenging. In this study, data from a Brazilian gold mine were analyzed, covering 70 chambers and 26 variables. Six key variables were identified through decision tree analysis, forming the basis of a predictive model using advanced soft computing techniques. The constructed Random Forest model (RF-A) significantly outperformed two predictive equations from the literature, achieving an R² of 0.9161 compared to 0.3009 and 0.1597 from the literary equations. Validation of RF-A with random subsampling resulted in a marginal decrease in the R² value to 0.3060, suggesting a nonlinear correlation between mining variables and dilution, highlighting the inadequacy of linear analysis methods. By dividing the dataset into three subsets representing different mineral bodies, three new Random Forest models (RF-CV, RF-CB, and RF-LJ) were created, with R² values of 0.5465, 0.5295, and 0.4525, respectively. These results underscore the need to tailor models to specific geological contexts and demonstrate the potential of machine learning techniques in predicting dilution in complex underground mining scenarios.</p>","PeriodicalId":7776,"journal":{"name":"Anais da Academia Brasileira de Ciencias","volume":"97 1","pages":"e20240426"},"PeriodicalIF":1.1,"publicationDate":"2025-03-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143571902","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"综合性期刊","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Adriane Maria DA Silva, Daniel Terao, Elke S D Vilela, Sonia Claudia N DE Queiroz, Aline H N Maia, Juliana Aparecida Fracarolli
{"title":"Essential oils on the control of postharvest diseases of papaya.","authors":"Adriane Maria DA Silva, Daniel Terao, Elke S D Vilela, Sonia Claudia N DE Queiroz, Aline H N Maia, Juliana Aparecida Fracarolli","doi":"10.1590/0001-3765202520240770","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1590/0001-3765202520240770","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Papaya is susceptible to fungal deterioration and the use of essential oils (EOs) emerges as a promising alternative to fungicides, which causes environmental and human health problems. To evaluate the antifungal activity of essential oils and their major constituents in controlling papaya pathogens, the following in vitro assessments were conducted: I) screening of seven EOs regarding the antifungal activity; II) determination of the minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) of the most promising EOs; III) analysis of chemical composition of the most effective oils; and IV) evaluation of the antifungal potential of the major constituents both individually or in combination. The results showed that the EOs of cinnamon bark, oregano, clove basil, and rosemary pepper exhibited high antifungal activity against all studied fungi, with MIC values from 0.50 to 2.00 μL mL-1. The major constituents found in oregano EO were carvacrol, ρ-cymene, and thymol; in cinnamon bark EO, cinnamaldehyde, o-methoxy, and cinnamyl; in rosemary pepper EO, thymol, ρ-cymene, and caryophyllene; and in clove basil EO, eugenol, ρ-cymene, and caryophyllene. Regarding the antifungal activity of the EO constituents, the mixture of the three major demonstrated greater efficiency against the studied fungi. Using constituents represents an alternative for controlling postharvest diseases in papaya.</p>","PeriodicalId":7776,"journal":{"name":"Anais da Academia Brasileira de Ciencias","volume":"97 1","pages":"e20240770"},"PeriodicalIF":1.1,"publicationDate":"2025-03-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143571907","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"综合性期刊","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Paula C P Silva, Victor F S Ferreira, Natália G Mação, Rafael M S Lima, Felipe S Lemos, Felipe L Oliveira
{"title":"Galectin-3 organizes histological compartments associated with inflammatory reaction induced by gliadin in BALB/c mice.","authors":"Paula C P Silva, Victor F S Ferreira, Natália G Mação, Rafael M S Lima, Felipe S Lemos, Felipe L Oliveira","doi":"10.1590/0001-3765202520240900","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1590/0001-3765202520240900","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Galectin-3 regulates cell-cell and cell-extracellular matrix interactions in distinct tissues, including intestinal epithelial cells interfering with inflammatory responses. In the gut, galectin-3 stabilizes epithelial junctions and intestinal permeability. Here, it was investigated whether gliadin (protein of gluten) can induce inflammatory reactions in the digestive system in the presence or absence of galectin-3. BALB/c wild-type (Lgals3+/+) and genetically mutated in LGALS3 (Lgals3-/-) mice were divided into controls (water) or orally supplemented with gliadin (100mg/day) for 30 days. Fragments of duodenum, jejunum, ileum, colon and rectum were processed for histological analysis and immunohistochemistry. Gliadin induced an inflammatory response in the gut of Lgals3+/+ and Lgals3-/- mice, but with high severity in the Lgals3-/- mice. Galectin-3 was significantly expressed by enterocytes in all fragments. However, it was drastically reduced after gliadin supplementation and directly associated with severe inflammation in all compartments of the gut. In parallel, gliadin supplemented Lgals3-/- mice showed significant inflammatory signals in the mucosa, including leukocyte infiltration in mucosal sites, hyperplasia of crypts, enhance of intraepithelial lymphocytes, and hypertrophy linked to accumulation of apoptotic bodies in the Peyer's patches. These data suggested that galectin-3 plays protective roles in the gut submitted an inflammatory stress after gluten intake.</p>","PeriodicalId":7776,"journal":{"name":"Anais da Academia Brasileira de Ciencias","volume":"97 1","pages":"e20240900"},"PeriodicalIF":1.1,"publicationDate":"2025-03-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143571920","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"综合性期刊","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Tácio Duarte, Gabriel M Martin, Danielle Anjos-Santos, Pablo Pessacq
{"title":"Unraveling Plecoptera Diversity in Two Protected Areas of Argentine Patagonia.","authors":"Tácio Duarte, Gabriel M Martin, Danielle Anjos-Santos, Pablo Pessacq","doi":"10.1590/0001-3765202520240085","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1590/0001-3765202520240085","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The Plecoptera taxonomy in Patagonia is well-documented, yet their distribution remains poorly understood, hindering comprehensive ecological and biogeographical studies. This study enhances knowledge of stonefly distribution in two Patagonian national parks: Nahuel Huapi and Los Alerces. Extensive fieldwork, georeferenced species records, and geographic information system data integration were conducted. Species richness was calculated using polygons (0.1° x 0.1° pixels) across ecoregions, with species indexed from rare to ubiquitous. Cluster analyses revealed faunal affinities across ecosystem complexes, and richness estimators (Jack1, Jack2, and Chao2) highlighted knowledge gaps. Results showed uneven species distribution, with the highest richness polygon (n = 19) in Los Alerces. The Northern Moist Forests hosted the most species, followed by the Transitional Cypress-Beech Forests. The rarest species were also found in these two complexes, as well as the Ecotone Steppe-Forest. Cluster analysis revealed strong affinities between the Northern Moist Forests of Nahuel Huapi and Ecotone Steppe-Forest. Richness estimators suggested up to 23 undocumented species. Though much remains to be learned about Plecoptera distribution in Patagonia, this study emphasizes the critical role of national parks in conserving biodiversity and provides a foundation for future conservation strategies, identifying new taxa records, including southernmost distributions.</p>","PeriodicalId":7776,"journal":{"name":"Anais da Academia Brasileira de Ciencias","volume":"97 1","pages":"e20240085"},"PeriodicalIF":1.1,"publicationDate":"2025-03-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143571592","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"综合性期刊","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Xin Cheng, Shunxing Jiang, Renan A M Bantim, Juliana M Sayão, Antônio Á F Saraiva, X I Meng, Alexander W A Kellner, Xiaolin Wang
{"title":"A new species of Darwinopterus (Wukongopteridae, Pterosauria) from western Liaoning provides some new information on the ontogeny of this clade.","authors":"Xin Cheng, Shunxing Jiang, Renan A M Bantim, Juliana M Sayão, Antônio Á F Saraiva, X I Meng, Alexander W A Kellner, Xiaolin Wang","doi":"10.1590/0001-3765202520240707","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1590/0001-3765202520240707","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The Wukongopteridae is an important pterosaur clade from the Yanliao Biota, combining features of basal and derived pterosaurs. So far, the Wukongopteridae consists of five species divided into three genera: Wukongopterus lii, Darwinopterus modularis, Darwinopterus linglongtaensis, Darwinopterus robustodens, and Kunpengopterus sinensis. Here we report a new species, Darwinopterus camposi sp. nov., based on an almost complete skeleton (IVPP V 17957). The new species is referred to Darwinopterus due to the presence of an elongated posterior region of the skull and the bony premaxillary crest that starts about the anterior margin of the nasoantorbital fenestra. It differs from all other wukongopterids by having the dorsal margin of the premaxillary crest straight, without an extensive dorsal projection and presenting a smooth lateral surface. Furthermore, D. camposi sp. nov. has eighteen and fourteen teeth on each side of the upper and lower jaws, respectively, and the fourth phalanx of the wing finger shorter than the first. IVPP V 17957 shows some fused postcranial bones, like the extensor tendon process to the first wing finger phalanx, but also has unfused premaxilla and frontal, which provides further information about wukongopterid ontogeny.</p>","PeriodicalId":7776,"journal":{"name":"Anais da Academia Brasileira de Ciencias","volume":"97 suppl 1","pages":"e20240707"},"PeriodicalIF":1.1,"publicationDate":"2025-02-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143571597","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"综合性期刊","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Esaú Victor DE Araújo, Jorge Cubo, Mariana Valéria DE Araújo Sena, Renan Alfredo Machado Bantim, Luiz Carlos Weinschütz, Alexander Wilhelm Armin Kellner, Juliana Manso Sayão
{"title":"Wing bone laminarity in Pterosaurs: insights into torsional adaptations for flight evolution.","authors":"Esaú Victor DE Araújo, Jorge Cubo, Mariana Valéria DE Araújo Sena, Renan Alfredo Machado Bantim, Luiz Carlos Weinschütz, Alexander Wilhelm Armin Kellner, Juliana Manso Sayão","doi":"10.1590/0001-3765202520240540","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1590/0001-3765202520240540","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Powered flight has evolved separately in three tetrapod clades: pterosaurs, birds (avian dinosaurs), and bats. To meet the challenges of powered flight, tetrapods acquired structural, mechanical, and physiological adaptations. Circumferential vascular canals, forming laminar bone, have been proposed to be an adaptation linked to withstanding torsional loading during flight in birds. However, whether laminarity serves as an indicator of biomechanical torsion in pterosaurs, remains to be elucidated. Through a comparative statistical approach, we investigate the association between cortical bone laminarity and skeletal stress in pterosaur flight. For the first time, the presence of laminarity in pterosaur bones was analyzed to observe torsion in bones associated with flight, using thirty-five thin sections of the tapejarid Caiuajara dobruskii, Anhangueridae, and Dsungaripteroidea pterosaurs. We conclude that adaptive relationships arise between bone microstructure and biomechanical function, with forelimb elements (humerus, ulna, and wing phalanges) exhibiting higher laminarity rates compared to hindlimb bones. Additionally, the results provide insights into the possible flight style of these pterosaurs through comparison with bird groups. The presence of laminarity in pterosaurs and birds, but not in bats, highlights that this feature, once considered exclusive to birds, may have convergently evolved in pterosaurs and birds.</p>","PeriodicalId":7776,"journal":{"name":"Anais da Academia Brasileira de Ciencias","volume":"97 suppl 1","pages":"e20240540"},"PeriodicalIF":1.1,"publicationDate":"2025-02-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143571598","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"综合性期刊","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Triassic pterosaur precursors of Brazil: catalog, evolutionary context, and a new hypothesis for phylogenetic relationships of Pterosauromorpha.","authors":"Maurício S Garcia, Rodrigo T Müller","doi":"10.1590/0001-3765202520240844","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1590/0001-3765202520240844","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Pterosaurs, remarkable for their extensive evolutionary history and role as the first vertebrates to achieve active flight, have long intrigued paleontologists and the public alike. Spanning over 150 million years and vanishing at the end of the Mesozoic Era, pterosaurs represent a major evolutionary radiation within terrestrial ecosystems. Despite their prominence, the origins of pterosaurs have remained a complex puzzle in paleontology for over 200 years. We present a comprehensive catalog of pterosaur precursors specimens from the Upper Triassic of the Candelária Sequence within the Santa Maria Supersequence in southern Brazil and discuss their significance for understanding pterosauromorph radiation and the origins of Pterosauria. Additionally, we carried out a phylogenetic analysis to investigate the hypothesis that lagerpetids are closely related to pterosaurs, incorporating new data into the most comprehensive dataset of Triassic dinosauromorphs. Our results support the hypothesis that lagerpetids are pterosauromorphs, offering new insights into the evolutionary relationships between non-pterosaur pterosauromorphs and their better known volant relatives. This study highlights the importance of detailed anatomical and phylogenetic analyses in resolving the complex origins of pterosaurs and underscores the value of the Triassic fossil record in understanding the early evolution of pterosauromorphs.</p>","PeriodicalId":7776,"journal":{"name":"Anais da Academia Brasileira de Ciencias","volume":"97 suppl 1","pages":"e20240844"},"PeriodicalIF":1.1,"publicationDate":"2025-02-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143497880","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"综合性期刊","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}