Zentralblatt fur Mikrobiologie最新文献

{"title":"","authors":"J.-H. Ozegowski","doi":"10.1016/S0232-4393(11)80194-0","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/S0232-4393(11)80194-0","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":77473,"journal":{"name":"Zentralblatt fur Mikrobiologie","volume":"148 7","pages":"Pages 481-482"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1993-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1016/S0232-4393(11)80194-0","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"136838458","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Influence of temperature on microbial activities and their reaction to the herbicide „Goltix“ in different soils under laboratory conditions","authors":"T. Frank,&nbsp;H.-P. Malkomes","doi":"10.1016/S0232-4393(11)80305-7","DOIUrl":"10.1016/S0232-4393(11)80305-7","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Under laboratory conditions three soils taken from long-term agricultural areas were treated with the herbicide „Goltix WG“ (metamitron). By simulating a penetration of the area-related field dosage into two depths of soil two herbicide concentrations were used. The soils were incubated for eight weeks at constant temperatures (10, 15, 20°C) and daily fluctuating temperatures (10–20°C). During this time several microbial activities were investigated like dehydrogenase activity (TTC reduction), enzymes which were related to nutrient cycles, and the nitrogen transformation. The three soils showed different activity levels. The nitrogen mineralization increased with temperature, whereas the other microbial activities were less dependent on temperature and time. After eight weeks depending on the soil some activities were maximum at 10 or 20°C, whereas others were indifferent. The herbicide mostly caused only weak dose-dependent inhibitions or stimulations after eight weeks. These were modified by the temperature.</p></div><div><p>Unter Laborbedingungen wurden drei Böden von langjährig ackerbaulich genutzten Standorten mit dem Herbizid „Goltix WG“ (Metamitron) behandelt, wobei die flächenbezogene praxisübliche Aufwandmenge durch Umrechnung auf verschiedene simulierte Eindringtiefen in zwei Konzentrationen im Boden vorlag. Die Böden wurden acht Wochen lang bei unterschiedlichen Temperaturen (10, 15, 20°C, 12stündiger Wechsel 10–20°C) bebrütet. Während dieser Zeit wurden Bodenproben gewonnen und hieran die Dehydrogenaseaktivität (TTC-Reduktion), verschiedene Enzyme, die Nährstoffkreisläufen zugeordnet werden können, sowie die N-Umsetzung untersucht. Die drei Böden wiesen unterschiedliche Aktivitätsniveaus auf. Die N-Umsetzung stieg mit zunehmender Temperatur deutlich an, während die anderen Aktivitäten keine einheitliche Temperatur- und Zeitabhängigkeit zeigten. Je nach Boden hatten einige Aktivitäten nach acht Wochen ihr Maximum bei 10°C, andere bei 20°C oder sie waren indifferent. Das Herbizid verursachte nach acht Wochen meistens nur geringe dosisabhängige Hemmungen bzw. Stimulationen, die je nach Boden durch die Temperatur modifiziert wurden.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":77473,"journal":{"name":"Zentralblatt fur Mikrobiologie","volume":"148 6","pages":"Pages 403-412"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1993-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1016/S0232-4393(11)80305-7","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"56546104","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Studies on the refrigerated storage of wheat (Triticum aestivum). 2. Ergosterol, xanthomegnin, viomellein and brevianamide A after inoculation with Penicillium viridicatum.","authors":"H. Müller, A. Boley","doi":"10.1016/S0232-4393(11)80307-0","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/S0232-4393(11)80307-0","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":77473,"journal":{"name":"Zentralblatt fur Mikrobiologie","volume":"33 1","pages":"419-31"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1993-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"73851418","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Diazotrophic bacterial population and other associated organisms on the phyllosphere of some crop plants","authors":"B.R. Pati ,&nbsp;A.K. Chandra","doi":"10.1016/S0232-4393(11)80304-5","DOIUrl":"10.1016/S0232-4393(11)80304-5","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>A quantitative survey of diazotrophic bacterial population on the leaf surfaces of different crop plants like wheat, rice, potato, tomato, banana, sugarcane, mustard and jute was conducted. Isolations were made principally during November to March excepting from jute and rice plants which were done during July and September respectively. Isolated diazotrophic bacteria were mostly the nonconventional types, although these were present on the phylloplanes of all the crops. Their numbers, however, were meagre on the leaf surfaces excepting on jute and tomato leaves. The organism were identified as species of <em>Corynebacterium, Flavobacterium, Azotobacter, Bacillus, Beijerinckia</em> and <em>Azomonas</em>. Highest density of microbial population was found on jute leaves including the fungi and next to this was on potato, while much lower numbers were obtained from mustard and banana leaf surfaces. Nitrogen fixing ability of these diazotrophic bacteria were measured by Acetylene reduction techznique.</p></div><div><p>Es wurde eine quantitative Übersicht über diazotrophe Bakterienpopulationen auf der Blattoberfläche von verschiedenen Kulturpflanzen wie Weizen, Reis, Kartoffeln, Tomaten, Bananen, Zuckerrohr, Senf und Jute vorgenommen. Die Isolationen wurden prinzipiell zwischen November und März durchgeführt außer von Jute- und Reispflanzen, auf denen während des Julis bzw. des Septembers beprobt wurde. Die isolierten diazotrophen Bakterien waren meistens vom nichtkonventionellen Typ, obgleich sie auf den Phylloplanen aller geernteten Pflanzen vorkamen. Ihre Zahl auf der Blattoberfläche war jedoch gering, außer bei Tomaten-und Juteblättern. Die Organismen wurden als Arten folgender Gattungen definiert: <em>Corynebacterium, Flavobacterium, Azotobacter, Bacillus, Beijerinckia</em> und <em>Azomonas</em>. Die höchste Populationsdichte wurde auf Juteblättern gefunden, einschließlich Pilzen, gefolgt von Tomaten, während viel niedrigere Zahlen bei Senf- und Bananenblättern gefunden wurden. Die N-Fixationsfähigkeit dieser diazotrophen Bakterien wurde durch die Acetylen-Reduktionstechnik ermittelt.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":77473,"journal":{"name":"Zentralblatt fur Mikrobiologie","volume":"148 6","pages":"Pages 392-402"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1993-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1016/S0232-4393(11)80304-5","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"56546526","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Aeromonas-associated gastroenteritis in Egypt.","authors":"E H Ghanem,&nbsp;M E Mussa,&nbsp;H M Eraki","doi":"","DOIUrl":"","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Aeromonas spp. including A. hydrophila, A. sobria, and A. caviae, were recovered from the feces of 88% of diarrheic Egyptian children. In contrast, only 45% of nondiarrheic children contained Aeromonas spp. A probable source of Aeromonas spp. is from drinking water inasmuch as nine out of ten samples analysed from the district of Cairo in which the children resided tested positive for Aeromonas spp. Enterotoxigenicity of the isolates from various sources was tested. 33% of the diarrheic samples produced enterotoxin whereas 47% of the nondiarrheic and 56% of the tap water strains produced enterotoxin.</p>","PeriodicalId":77473,"journal":{"name":"Zentralblatt fur Mikrobiologie","volume":"148 6","pages":"441-7"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1993-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"18899214","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Prediction of powdery mildew epidemic in spring barley","authors":"L. Věchet ,&nbsp;V. Jarošík","doi":"10.1016/S0232-4393(11)80306-9","DOIUrl":"10.1016/S0232-4393(11)80306-9","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Several expressions of severity of leaf area infected by powdery mildew, <em>Erysihpe graminis</em> f. sp. <em>hordei</em>, were regressed on predictor variables, date of observation, growth stage of plant after Feekes, and the 7 day sums of meteorological data either before the date of observation or preceding 7 day the date of observation in spring barley. Development of epidemic better coincided with the sums of meteorological data preceding the date of observation probably due to greater influence of environmental factors before infection than during latent period of disease. We ascertained significant positive influence of date of observation, growth stage of plants and temperature, and adverse influence of sunshine within the course of epidemic. In general, the development was successfully predicted only for severity expressions with Gompertz transformations providing efficient straightening of the course of epidemic. Predictive regressions based on temperature, sunshine, and the development stage of plant were developed. Regressions differed both in significance and in necessary number of predictors according to description of infected area. Gompertz transformation of proportion of leaf area infected by powdery mildew fluffs and necrosis related to field resistance of host plant, was indicated as the best predictable value. The transformation enabled to specify a simple and highly significant linear model regressing powdery mildew occurrence only on 7 days sum of day degrees preceding 7 days the date of observation. Possibilities of further precisions of prediction equations are discussed. It is suggested that more detail analysis of phenomenons underlying regressed variables and more detailed records of environmental predictors may enhance the significance of predictions.</p></div><div><p>Verschiedene Kriterien für den Blattflächenbefall durch Getreidemehltau, <em>Erysiphe graminis</em> f. sp. <em>hordei</em>, bei Sommergerste wurden mittels Regressionsanalyse hinsichtlich ihrer Abhängigkeit von bestimmten Kennzahlen — Datum der Beobachtung, Wachstumsstadium der Pflanze nach Feekes und siebentägige Summen bestimmter meteorologischer Elemente — untersucht. Die Epidemieentwicklung korrelierte stärker mit den Wochensummen der meteorologischen Daten im Verlauf der 7 Tage vor dem eigentlichen Beobachtungszeitraum als mit denen der Beobachtungswoche. Das deutet auf einen stärkeren Einfluß der Witterungsfaktoren vor der Infektion als während der Latenzzeit hin. Es zeigte sich dabei ein signifikant positiver Einfluß des Beobachtungsdatums, des Wachstumsstadiums der Pflanze und der Temperaturen sowie ein negativer Einfluß der Sonnenscheindauer im Epidemieverlauf. Generell wurde die Epidemieentwicklung nur für die Befallsstärke nach Gombertz-Transformation erfolgreich vorausgesagt, die den Epidemieverlauf wirkungsvoll beschreibt.</p><p>Aufgestellt wurden Vorhersage-Regressionen, die auf Temperatur- und Sonnenscheindaten sowie auf dem Entwic","PeriodicalId":77473,"journal":{"name":"Zentralblatt fur Mikrobiologie","volume":"148 6","pages":"Pages 413-418"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1993-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1016/S0232-4393(11)80306-9","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"56546135","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Aeromonas-associated gastroenteritis in Egypt.","authors":"E. Ghanem, M. Mussa, H. M. Eraki","doi":"10.1016/S0232-4393(11)80309-4","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/S0232-4393(11)80309-4","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":77473,"journal":{"name":"Zentralblatt fur Mikrobiologie","volume":"2 1","pages":"441-7"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1993-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"88833952","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Lead-Induced changes of rhizospheric bacterium populations in different root zones","authors":"L. Badura ,&nbsp;Z. Piotrowska-Seget,&nbsp;M. Szeligiewicz","doi":"10.1016/S0232-4393(11)80308-2","DOIUrl":"10.1016/S0232-4393(11)80308-2","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>The aim of the experiments was to determine the influence of lead on the rhizospheric bacterial populations of the selected root zones of the bean plants (<em>Phaseolus sp</em>.) growing in the soil treated with PbCl₂ (2,000 and 4,000 ppm Pb²⁺). In the investigations estimated: the total number of bacteria, the number of denitrifiers and ammonifiers, and the number of <em>Pseudomonas</em> and <em>Arthrobacter</em> bacteria inhabiting the rhizosphere and the non-rhizospheric soil. Moreover, the lead accumulation in plant organs was estimated and the lead-induced reduction of their length was measured. It was noted that the greater the dose of lead was, the greater was its influence on the number of all tested populations occurring in the rhizosphere and non-rhizospheric soil. We also found out that the rhizosphere of the root elongation zone lacked the rhizospheric effect. These results indicated that lead is accumulated more intensely in the root elongation zone, and its toxic effect is higher here.</p></div><div><p>Das Ziel unseres Experiments war es, den Einfluß von Blei auf die Population der Rhizospherenbakterien in ausgewählten Wurzelzonen der Bohne (Phaseolus sp.) zu prüfen. Die Pflanzen wurden in einen boden kultiviert, der mit PbCl₂ (2,000 und 4,000 ppm Pb²⁺) behandelt wurde. In dem Experiment wurden folgende Kritieren untersucht: die Gesamtzahl von Bakterien, die Anzahl denitrifizierender und ammonifizierender Bakterien sowie die Anzahl von <em>Pseudomonas</em> und <em>Arthrobacter</em>, die sowohl die Rhizosphere als auch den nichtrhizospherischen Boden besiedeln. In den verschiedenen Pflanzenorganen wurde die Bleimenge und die bleibedingte Reduktion ihrer Länge geprüft. Man konnte den Einfluß von Blei auf alle geprüften Populationen feststellen, der zusammen mit der Dosis zunahm. Wir konnten auch einen geringeren rhizospherischen Effekt in der Rhizosphäre der Wurzelverlängerungszone beobachten. Auf grund dieser Ergebnisse kann man zeigen, daß das Blei besonders in der Wurzelverlängerungszone akkumuliert wird, wo seine toxische Auswirkung somit höher ist.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":77473,"journal":{"name":"Zentralblatt fur Mikrobiologie","volume":"148 6","pages":"Pages 432-440"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1993-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1016/S0232-4393(11)80308-2","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"56546170","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Studies on the refrigerated storage of wheat (Triticum aestivum). 2. Ergosterol, xanthomegnin, viomellein and brevianamide A after inoculation with Penicillium viridicatum","authors":"H.-M. Müller ,&nbsp;A. Boley","doi":"10.1016/S0232-4393(11)80307-0","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/S0232-4393(11)80307-0","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Wheat seed was adjusted to 18, 20, 22, 24 and 26% moisture content (m.c.), and stored for 240 days at 4 or 10°C following inoculation with a strain of <em>Penicillium viridicatum</em> producing the toxins, xanthomegnin (XA), viomellein (VIO), and brevianamide A (BA). Wheat kernels were not sterilized before inoculation. The concentration of ergosterol (ERG), a chemical indicator of fungal biomass, remained constant at 18 % m.c./4°C, but increased under the other conditions. The time before a detectable increase of ERG concentration was higher and the rate of ERG production lower with decreasing moisture content and temperature. XA and BA were produced at both temperatures at 20–26% m.c, VIO was produced at 22–26% m.c./4°C and 20–26% m.c./10°C. The results suggest or indicate that the onset of XA, VIO and BA production (detection limits: 10, 15, and 0.1 μg/kg, respectively) coincided with the onset of ERG production. Maximum toxin contents were lower with decreasing moisture content at both temperatures, but were similar at 4 and 10°C at 22–26% m.c. It is concluded that wheat contaminated with <em>P. viridatum</em> should not be stored beyond the onset of ergosterol production; maximum storage periods are recommended.</p></div><div><p>Saatweizen wurde ohne vorhergehende Sterilisation mit einem Stamm von <em>Penicillium viridicatum</em> beimpft, einem Produzenten der Mykotoxine Xanthomegnin (XA), Viomellein (VI) und Brevianamid A (BA). Die Lagerung erfolgte bei Wassergehalten von 18,20,22,24,26% bei 4 oder 10°C. Die Konzentration von Ergosterin (ERG), eines chemischen Indikators für die von Pilzen gebildete Biomasse, blieb bei 18 % H20/4 °C konstant aber stieg unter den anderen Bedingungen an. Mit abnehmendem Wassergehalt und abnehmender Temperatur nahm die Zeit bis zum nachweisbaren Anstieg von ERG zu, die Geschwindigkeit des Anstiegs ab. XA und BA wurden bei beiden Temperaturen bei 20–26% H₂O gebildet, VIO wurde bei 22–26% H₂O/4°C und bei 20–26 % H₂O/10°C gebildet. Die Resultate lassen vermuten oder zeigen, daß die Bildung von XA, VIO bzw. BA (Nachweisgrenze: 10, 15 bzw. 0.1 μg/kg) gleichzeitig mit dem Beginn der Ergosterinproduktion einsetzte. Die maximal erreichten Toxingehalte nahmen bei beiden Temperaturen mit abnehmendem Wassergehalt ab, waren jedoch bei 22–26% H₂O von der Temperatur weitgehend unabhängig. Es wird geschlossen, daß mit <em>P. viridicatum</em> kontaminierter Weizen nicht über den Beginn der Ergosterinproduktion hinaus gelagert werden sollte. Maximale Lagerzeiten werden angegeben.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":77473,"journal":{"name":"Zentralblatt fur Mikrobiologie","volume":"148 6","pages":"Pages 419-431"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1993-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1016/S0232-4393(11)80307-0","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"91683532","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Aeromonas-associated gastroenteritis in Egypt","authors":"E.H. Ghanem ,&nbsp;M.E. Mussa ,&nbsp;H.M. Eraki","doi":"10.1016/S0232-4393(11)80309-4","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/S0232-4393(11)80309-4","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p><em>Aeromonas</em> spp. including <em>A. hydrophila, A. sobria</em>, and <em>A. caviae</em>, were recovered from the feces of 88 % of dirarrheatic Egyptian children. In contrast, only 45 % of nondiarrheatic children contained <em>Aeromonas</em> spp. A probable source of <em>Aeromonas</em> spp. is from drinking water inasmuch as nine out of ten samples analysed from the district of Cairo in which the children resided tested positive for <em>Aeromonas</em> spp. Enterotoxigenicity of the isolates from various sources was tested. 33 % of the diarrheatic samples produced enterotoxin whereas 47 % of the nondiarrheatic and 56 % of the tap water strains produced enterotoxin.</p></div><div><p><em>Aeromonas</em> spp. mit den Arten <em>A. hydrophila, A. sobria</em> und <em>A. caviae</em> wurden aus dem Stuhl von diarr-hoetischen ägyptischen Kindern zu 88 % isoliert. Dagegen enthielt der Stuhl von nichtdirarrhoetischen Kindern nur 45 % <em>Aeromonas</em> spp. Eine wahrscheinliche Quelle der <em>Aeromonas</em> spp.-Herkünfte dürfte das Trinkwasser sein, da neun von zehn analysierten Proben des Cairoer Distrikts, in dem die Kinder sich aufhielten, positiv waren. Die Enterotoxigenität der Isolate wurde getestet. Dabei bildete das Enterotoxin 33 % der Stämme aus Diarrhoeproben, 47 % der Stämme aus Nichtdiarrhoeproben und 56 % der Stämme aus Leitungswasser.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":77473,"journal":{"name":"Zentralblatt fur Mikrobiologie","volume":"148 6","pages":"Pages 441-447"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1993-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1016/S0232-4393(11)80309-4","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"91683530","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}