Science China Materials最新文献

{"title":"Second-generation rotaxane ion transporters: boosting transport activity via enhanced transport flux across lipid bilayers","authors":"Zexin Yan \u0000 (,&nbsp;),&nbsp;Jiayi Zhu \u0000 (,&nbsp;),&nbsp;Tianlong Li \u0000 (,&nbsp;),&nbsp;Juejiao Fan \u0000 (,&nbsp;),&nbsp;Chuantao Wang \u0000 (,&nbsp;),&nbsp;Li Zhao \u0000 (,&nbsp;),&nbsp;Chunyan Bao \u0000 (,&nbsp;)","doi":"10.1007/s40843-025-3475-2","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s40843-025-3475-2","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Inspired by natural transmembrane molecular machines, rotaxane-based synthetic molecules have demonstrated significant potential in constructing ion transporters capable of performing complex tasks akin to their biological counterparts. Addressing the need to enhance the ion transport activity of rotaxane transporters, we herein report a new strategy for developing second-generation rotaxane transporters by modifying the ring structure to boost transport flux, in which the ring component TCE features a tricyclic architecture incorporating two K⁺ recognition sites. This innovative design allows the rotaxanes to transport two K⁺ ions in a single shuttle-mediated transport cycle, leading to a tenfold reduction in EC₅₀ values compared to first-generation rotaxane transporters, which possess only one K⁺ recognition site. By further implementing a cooperative shuttle-relay mechanism, [3]R-TCE2—where two rings traverse the thread within the lipid membrane—achieved an EC₅₀ value as low as 60 nM (0.18 mol%, relative to lipid). It represents one of the highest K⁺ transport activities reported to date for molecular machine-based transporters. This work marks a significant advancement in improving the ion transport performance of rotaxane-based systems, offering robust technical support for their ability to mimic natural channel functions and paving the way for potential biomedical applications.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":773,"journal":{"name":"Science China Materials","volume":"68 8","pages":"2973 - 2980"},"PeriodicalIF":7.4,"publicationDate":"2025-07-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145163662","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Mixed ionic/electronic conducting framework enabled by transition metal-ion reduction in Li-LLTO composite anodes for ultrafast lithium diffusion","authors":"Huilin Zhu \u0000 (,&nbsp;),&nbsp;Shiwei Deng \u0000 (,&nbsp;),&nbsp;Xinyi Kong \u0000 (,&nbsp;),&nbsp;Xing Xiang \u0000 (,&nbsp;),&nbsp;Yan Duan \u0000 (,&nbsp;),&nbsp;Jian-Fang Wu \u0000 (,&nbsp;),&nbsp;Jilei Liu \u0000 (,&nbsp;)","doi":"10.1007/s40843-025-3452-9","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s40843-025-3452-9","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>The development of Li₇La₃Zr₂O₁₂ (LLZO) solid electrolytes is challenged by the unstable Li/LLZO interface during lithium stripping and plating processes, which impedes interfacial charge transport and accelerates lithium dendrite growth. Here, a freestanding ultrathin Li-Li_0.3La_0.5TiO₃ (LLTO) composite anode with a three-dimensional interconnected mixed ionic/electronic conducting LLTO framework was developed. The mixed ionic/electronic conduction of LLTO arises from the <i>in-situ</i> reduction of transition metal ions (Ti⁴⁺) by metallic lithium. The Li-LLTO composite anode possesses good affinity toward LLZO solid electrolytes, achieving a low interfacial resistance of 11.7 Ω cm², and a high lithium self-diffusion coefficient reaching 4.5×10⁻¹¹ cm²/s, about one order of magnitude higher than that of pure lithium anode. These features collectively enhance the Li-LLTO/LLZO interfacial stability, increasing the critical current density fourfold and enabling a 1300-h symmetrical cell cycling life. It delivers high-performance solid-state lithium batteries with an 80% capacity retention after 220 cycles. This advancement not only improves the performance of lithium metal anodes in solid-state batteries but also offers promising insights for next-generation high-energy-density electrochemical energy storage systems.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":773,"journal":{"name":"Science China Materials","volume":"68 8","pages":"2775 - 2782"},"PeriodicalIF":7.4,"publicationDate":"2025-07-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145163853","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Optoelectronic interconnection applications from growth-based monolithic in-plane integration of CsPbBr3 nanowire arrays with CdSSe nanoribbon trunks","authors":"Xue Xia \u0000 (,&nbsp;),&nbsp;Long Chen \u0000 (,&nbsp;),&nbsp;Yaonan Xiong \u0000 (,&nbsp;),&nbsp;Qi Deng \u0000 (,&nbsp;),&nbsp;Wei Mou \u0000 (,&nbsp;),&nbsp;Junxin Gong \u0000 (,&nbsp;),&nbsp;Wenbin Zhang \u0000 (,&nbsp;),&nbsp;Shulin Chen \u0000 (,&nbsp;),&nbsp;Qinglin Zhang \u0000 (,&nbsp;)","doi":"10.1007/s40843-025-3435-3","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s40843-025-3435-3","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Semiconductor nanowires (NWs) have been extensively applied in light sources, waveguides, photodetectors (PDs), etc., which provide abundant components for optoelectronic interconnection applications. However, the efficient in-plane integration of various devices remains challenging, which is a prerequisite for the practical application of NWs. Here, the growth-based integration of CsPbBr₃ NW arrays with CdSSe ribbons transferred onto mica is achieved via a vapor deposition route. The transferred ribbons not only act as preferential nucleation sites for CsPbBr₃, but also break the growth symmetry of CsPbBr₃ NWs on mica, allowing wires with the largest angle to the ribbon edge to grow longer and form arrays. The waveguide studies show that the CsPbBr₃ NW arrays can confine and guide the light emission from both themselves and the CdSSe ribbon well. Importantly, the optoelectronic interconnection was successfully demonstrated based on the achieved heterostructures, where the CsPbBr₃ NWs served as the light source and waveguide, and PDs were made from the CdSSe ribbon. When a single CsPbBr₃ NW was illuminated by a focused 457 nm laser at a distance of 37.5 µm from the CdSSe ribbon, the on/off ratio of the system reached 8.3×10³, resulting from the efficient response of the PD to the guided light. Moreover, the system can distinguish the pulsed light excitation well below 2000 Hz, limited by the response speed of the PDs. This work paves the way for the on-chip integration of nanoscale light emitters, waveguides, and detectors, promoting the practical application of semiconductor NWs in photonic circuits.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":773,"journal":{"name":"Science China Materials","volume":"68 8","pages":"2697 - 2705"},"PeriodicalIF":7.4,"publicationDate":"2025-07-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145163854","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Facile phase tuning of CsCdCl3:Mn2+ phosphor for nearly-unity quantum yield and extended afterglow","authors":"Yeqi Liu \u0000 (,&nbsp;),&nbsp;Xiangzhou Zhang \u0000 (,&nbsp;),&nbsp;Jun Wei \u0000 (,&nbsp;),&nbsp;Xiaojia Wang \u0000 (,&nbsp;),&nbsp;Yuhai Zhang \u0000 (,&nbsp;)","doi":"10.1007/s40843-025-3442-0","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s40843-025-3442-0","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>While the hexagonal-phase CsCdCl₃ was extensively reported due to its high photoluminescence quantum yield and ultralong afterglow duration, the cubic-phase CsCdCl₃ remained elusive. Herein, the cubic-phase CsCdCl₃ microcrystals were synthesized via a solid-state synthesis at room temperature. After 10%-Mn²⁺ doping, the photo-luminescence quantum yield (PL QY) was improved to near unity and the afterglow duration was extended to 10 h. Importantly, the cubic phase was found meta-stable toward thermal treatment, where a transition to hexagonal phase was observed upon heating at 100 °C. In addition, the phase transition was also sensitive to Mn²⁺-doping concentration, which provided a facile tool to manipulate the lattice structure of octahedra dimers (hexagonal) or monomers (cubic). The mechanism of phase transition was theoretically explained through both phonon spectrum and lattice formation energy. This work opened many avenues to advanced applications such as information storage, X-ray imaging and anti-counterfeiting.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":773,"journal":{"name":"Science China Materials","volume":"68 8","pages":"2735 - 2741"},"PeriodicalIF":7.4,"publicationDate":"2025-07-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145163754","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Oxygen-independent photoactivation of kinetically trapped persistent room-temperature phosphorescence state for smart cold-chain monitoring","authors":"Shulin Liu \u0000 (,&nbsp;),&nbsp;Chensheng Li \u0000 (,&nbsp;),&nbsp;Weijia Xie \u0000 (,&nbsp;),&nbsp;Aoyuan Cheng \u0000 (,&nbsp;),&nbsp;Yingxiao Mu \u0000 (,&nbsp;),&nbsp;Yanping Huo \u0000 (,&nbsp;),&nbsp;Fushun Liang \u0000 (,&nbsp;),&nbsp;Guoqing Zhang \u0000 (,&nbsp;)","doi":"10.1007/s40843-025-3441-9","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s40843-025-3441-9","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Stimuli-responsive room-temperature phosphorescence (RTP) materials face challenges in environmental robustness and spatiotemporal controllability, particularly for oxygen- and temperature-sensitive applications. Here, by taking advantage of the high oxygen-permeability barrier of polyvinyl alcohol (PVA) and its photochemical reaction toward certain polyaromatic hydrocarbons, we present phenanthrene- and triphenylene-doped PVA films that exhibit photoactivatable and persistent RTP, with an observable afterglow time &gt;70 s by the naked eye, likely via a kinetically trapped radical pathway. Specifically, such UV-enhanced persistent RTP occurs under both aerobic and anaerobic conditions, contrasting with a regular RTP turn-on mechanism via photo-induced molecular oxygen depletion. The activated RTP state shows temperature-dependent kinetic persistence, i.e., lasting ∼5 h at 25°C vs. ∼72 h at 4°C, creating irreversible RTP switching from “on” to “off” ideal for cumulative temperature monitoring. The PVA-based ink patterns printed on perishables (e.g., fresh milk bottles) can be used to quantify ambient exposure via RTP decay kinetics (relative intensity loss &gt;84.2% after 3 h at 25°C vs. at 4°C). The current study establishes a kinetic-control strategy for designing programmable RTP materials, addressing unmet needs in smart sensing and quality assurance.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":773,"journal":{"name":"Science China Materials","volume":"68 8","pages":"2688 - 2696"},"PeriodicalIF":7.4,"publicationDate":"2025-07-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145163154","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"All-fibrous multimodal sensor patch for synchronous monitoring of biomechanical and bioelectrical signals","authors":"Jiale Sun \u0000 (,&nbsp;),&nbsp;Yaqi Chen \u0000 (,&nbsp;),&nbsp;Xiangheng Du \u0000 (,&nbsp;),&nbsp;Rouhui Yu \u0000 (,&nbsp;),&nbsp;Tao Zhou \u0000 (,&nbsp;),&nbsp;Zhonghua Yang \u0000 (,&nbsp;),&nbsp;Jiexin Qiu \u0000 (,&nbsp;),&nbsp;Zishuo Zhang \u0000 (,&nbsp;),&nbsp;Meifang Zhu \u0000 (,&nbsp;),&nbsp;Shaowu Pan \u0000 (,&nbsp;)","doi":"10.1007/s40843-025-3426-8","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s40843-025-3426-8","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Monitoring physiological signals is essential for individual healthcare. Muscles, which are the primary components responsible for human movement, produce biomechanical and bioelectrical signals during contraction and relaxation. However, the simultaneous monitoring of these two types of signals remains challenging. In this work, a four-layered all-fibrous multimodal sensor patch (FMSP) is developed, comprising a structured pressure sensor unit and an electrophysiological electrode unit. This patch utilizes a pressure sensor to monitor force myography (FMG) signal and an electrophysiological electrode to track electromyogram (EMG) signal, enabling simultaneous monitoring of both during muscle activity. The pressure sensor, featuring a micro-hump structure on the fibrous membrane surface, achieves a high sensitivity of 148.1 kPa⁻¹ and a broad monitoring range of 0.054 to 200 kPa. Additionally, an adhesive fibrous membrane enables the electrophysiological electrode to maintain a high adhesion strength of 67.6 kPa. This ensures a stable and low skin-electrode interface impedance and demonstrates a high signal-to-noise ratio (SNR) of 21.8 dB for the EMG signal, significantly improving upon commercial gel electrodes. The FMSP can synchronously monitor both FMG and EMG signals during arm movements, distinguishing between different bending angles and lifting weights. This multimodal sensor patch shows promising applications in muscle health monitoring, wearable intelligent sensing, and human-machine interfaces.\u0000</p><div><figure><div><div><picture><source><img></source></picture></div></div></figure></div></div>","PeriodicalId":773,"journal":{"name":"Science China Materials","volume":"68 8","pages":"2809 - 2818"},"PeriodicalIF":7.4,"publicationDate":"2025-07-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145163156","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A novel metal-free crystal demonstrating superior birefringence attributed to the synergistic interaction of dual π-conjugated units","authors":"Die-Xue Yang \u0000 (,&nbsp;),&nbsp;Ru-Ling Tang \u0000 (,&nbsp;),&nbsp;Yi-Lei Lv \u0000 (,&nbsp;),&nbsp;Bing-Wei Miao \u0000 (,&nbsp;),&nbsp;Wenlong Liu \u0000 (,&nbsp;),&nbsp;Sheng-Ping Guo \u0000 (,&nbsp;)","doi":"10.1007/s40843-025-3443-1","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s40843-025-3443-1","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>In order to maximize performance, birefringent crystals—essential components in laser technology, optical communication, and photonic devices—need to have their optical anisotropy precisely controlled. By combining two <i>π</i>-conjugated organic groups of [C₅H₇N₂]⁺ cation and [C₄H₃N₂O₃]⁻ anion in a synergistic manner, this study successfully constructs a novel metal-free molecule (C₅H₇N₂)-(C₄H₃N₂O₃)·H₂O using a collaborative design technique based on large anisotropic polar units. According to structural research, the compound’s remarkable birefringence (0.507@546 nm) breaks the record for dual six-membered ring systems. This is due to the highly coplanar alignment that these two planar six-membered ring groups acquire through hydrogen bonding interaction. This study offers a novel design paradigm for creating high-performance, environmentally friendly birefringent materials in addition to empirically verifying the viability of increasing optical anisotropy through the synergistic effects of several π-conjugated units.</p><div><figure><div><div><picture><source><img></source></picture></div></div></figure></div></div>","PeriodicalId":773,"journal":{"name":"Science China Materials","volume":"68 10","pages":"3600 - 3606"},"PeriodicalIF":7.4,"publicationDate":"2025-07-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145248190","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Enhanced photoluminescence quantum yield in metal halide perovskites via trace Ag doping","authors":"Machao Wang \u0000 (,&nbsp;),&nbsp;Yangmin Tang \u0000 (,&nbsp;),&nbsp;Guiqiang Pu \u0000 (,&nbsp;),&nbsp;Chengbin Kang \u0000 (,&nbsp;),&nbsp;Zhiqiang Wang \u0000 (,&nbsp;),&nbsp;Lijia Liu \u0000 (,&nbsp;),&nbsp;Jing Li \u0000 (,&nbsp;),&nbsp;Zhenzhen Zhou \u0000 (,&nbsp;),&nbsp;Wei Chen \u0000 (,&nbsp;),&nbsp;Dong Wang \u0000 (,&nbsp;),&nbsp;Jiacheng Wang \u0000 (,&nbsp;)","doi":"10.1007/s40843-025-3458-1","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s40843-025-3458-1","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Self-trapped excitons are prevalent in metal halide perovskites (MHPs) characterized by soft lattices and strong exciton-phonon coupling, emitting photons with broadband emission and large Stokes shifts, rendering them particularly well-suited for applications in light-emitting diodes. But their photoluminescence quantum yields (PLQY) are limited by both high exciton binding energy and halogen-vacancy-associated non-radiative recombination. Here, we show that PLQY could be enhanced by a factor of 5.6 from 16% to 89% through doping trace Ag into Cs₂NaBiCl₆ double perovskites, superior to those of previous Cs₂NaBiCl₆-based emitters. Experimental and theoretical studies reveal that trace Ag-initiated covalent interactions could reduce the exciton binding energy by 0.12 eV due to local symmetry breaking, thus improving the photoexcitation process. Also, this covalent interaction could passivate Cl vacancy defects, suppressing non-radiative recombination. Therefore, Cs₂NaBiCl₆: 0.7% Ag⁺ could accumulate active self-trapped excitons to obtain high PLQY. Assembly of near-infrared light-emitting diodes using Cs₂NaBiCl₆: 0.7% Ag⁺ illustrates their valuable applications in nondestructive spectral analysis and night vision illumination. This work shows an effective strategy of improving photoemission of MHPs with high PLQY for advanced optoelectronic applications.\u0000</p><div><figure><div><div><picture><source><img></source></picture></div></div></figure></div></div>","PeriodicalId":773,"journal":{"name":"Science China Materials","volume":"68 8","pages":"2725 - 2734"},"PeriodicalIF":7.4,"publicationDate":"2025-07-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145162730","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Chimeric peptide-engineered photodynamic PD-L1 degrader for activating colorectal cancer immunity in combination with exosomal PD-L1 inhibition","authors":"Yuxuan Wei \u0000 (,&nbsp;),&nbsp;Zuxiao Chen \u0000 (,&nbsp;),&nbsp;Wenfeng Zhu \u0000 (,&nbsp;),&nbsp;Rongrong Zheng \u0000 (,&nbsp;),&nbsp;Chuyu Huang \u0000 (,&nbsp;),&nbsp;Ni Yang \u0000 (,&nbsp;),&nbsp;Jing Wen \u0000 (,&nbsp;),&nbsp;Dawei Zhang \u0000 (,&nbsp;),&nbsp;Hong Cheng \u0000 (,&nbsp;),&nbsp;Shiying Li \u0000 (,&nbsp;)","doi":"10.1007/s40843-025-3431-y","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s40843-025-3431-y","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>The immunotherapy effect of colorectal cancer is severely compromised by the expression of programmed cell death ligand 1 (PD-L1) on tumor cells and exosomes. Herein, a chimeric peptide engineered photodynamic degrader (NPPM) is developed for colorectal cancer immunotherapy, combining photodynamic degradation of PD-L1 with inhibition of exosomal PD-L1 expression. Among these, NPPM integrates protoporphyrin IX (PpIX) with a PD-L1-targeting peptide sequence (CVRARTR), forming an amphiphilic chimeric peptide to load macitentan (MAC). NPPM demonstrates specific colorectal cancer targeting ability through PD-L1 recognition and generates substantial reactive oxygen species (ROS) upon light irradiation, thereby destroying tumor cells via photodynamic therapy (PDT). More interestingly, PDT not only triggers immunogenic cell death (ICD) to enhance tumor immunogenicity, but also induces PD-L1 degradation in tumor cells. Concurrently, the delivery of MAC synergistically decreases the expression of exosomal PD-L1, thus amplifying the immunotherapeutic effect. The synergistic functions of NPPM result in significant activation of systemic anti-tumor immunity, characterized by increased infiltration of T cells and reduced presence of regulatory T cells, effectively suppressing both primary and metastatic tumors. This study provides a new strategy to degrade the proteins of interest and also proposes a sophisticated mechanism to potentiate immunotherapy by overcoming multiple immunosuppressive factors.\u0000</p><div><figure><div><div><picture><source><img></source></picture></div></div></figure></div></div>","PeriodicalId":773,"journal":{"name":"Science China Materials","volume":"68 8","pages":"2928 - 2939"},"PeriodicalIF":7.4,"publicationDate":"2025-07-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145163224","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Sandwich-structured wettability foam for highly efficient, cost-effective, salt-resistant, and durable solar desalination","authors":"Yeran Li \u0000 (,&nbsp;),&nbsp;Xing Liu \u0000 (,&nbsp;),&nbsp;Yifan Wang \u0000 (,&nbsp;),&nbsp;Shengjie Bi \u0000 (,&nbsp;),&nbsp;Jing Li \u0000 (,&nbsp;),&nbsp;Jingbo Wang \u0000 (,&nbsp;),&nbsp;Yongchao Duo \u0000 (,&nbsp;),&nbsp;Zhengtao Zhu \u0000 (,&nbsp;),&nbsp;Xin Jin \u0000 (,&nbsp;),&nbsp;Wenyu Wang \u0000 (,&nbsp;)","doi":"10.1007/s40843-025-3437-6","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s40843-025-3437-6","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Solar desalination via interfacial solar-driven vapor generation is an eco-friendly method for purifying seawater and wastewater into freshwater. In this study, we designed a polypyrrole (PPy)-coated sandwich wettability structure to achieve highly efficient, cost-effective, salt-resistant, and durable solar desalination. The structure consists of a top hydrophobic layer coated with the photothermal polymer PPy, a hydrophilic melamine foam (MF) interlayer with high porosity and mechanical strength, and a bottom layer with variable hydrophobicity. The PPy polymer efficiently absorbs broadband solar energy and retains heat <i>in situ</i>, while the strategically designed hydrophobic top layer, combined with a hydrophilic middle layer, effectively mitigates salt accumulation. The cost-effective MF network contains interconnected microporous channels that facilitate water supply, form confined water clusters, and reduce evaporation enthalpy. The tunable hydrophobicity of the bottom layer in the central region controls the water transport rate, balancing water supply and evaporation. Meanwhile, the hydrophobic bottom layer at the edges provides self-floatability, minimizing heat loss and enhancing solar vapor conversion efficiency. This sandwich wettability structure achieved an exceptional evaporation rate of 2.71 kg m² h⁻¹ under 1 sun irradiation. Moreover, it consistently desalinated and purified brine and seawater under natural outdoor lighting conditions. The proposed solar desalinator, featuring a simple, low-cost, and long-lasting design with effective salt rejection, represents a promising technology for highly efficient freshwater production, leveraging sustainable energy to help address the global freshwater crisis.\u0000</p><div><figure><div><div><picture><source><img></source></picture></div></div></figure></div></div>","PeriodicalId":773,"journal":{"name":"Science China Materials","volume":"68 8","pages":"2850 - 2859"},"PeriodicalIF":7.4,"publicationDate":"2025-07-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145162001","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}