Aging Clinical and Experimental Research最新文献

{"title":"Denosumab for osteoporosis treatment: when, how, for whom, and for how long. A pragmatical approach","authors":"Olivier Lamy,&nbsp;Judith Everts-Graber,&nbsp;Elena Gonzalez Rodriguez","doi":"10.1007/s40520-025-02991-z","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s40520-025-02991-z","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Denosumab produces a continuous increase in bone mineral density over ten years, associated with a low risk of vertebral and non-vertebral fractures. Denosumab is well tolerated and easy to manage in daily clinical practice. For all these reasons, this treatment has a huge success. On the other hand, discontinuation of treatment is associated with a severe rebound effect including a sharp increase in bone turnover markers, loss of the bone density gained and a risk of nearly 20% of multiple vertebral fractures in postmenopausal women. High doses of potent bisphosphonates are needed to maintain bone turnover markers in the low range of premenopausal women, to mitigate this rebound effect. Prolonged treatment with denosumab is associated with a greater rebound effect and increases the risk of an early rebound effect. The occurrence of rare side effects such as osteonecrosis of the jaw or atypical femoral fracture, as well as the onset of severe renal failure, leave clinicians at a therapeutic impasse. Continuing denosumab or switching to bisphosphonates remains suboptimal and, currently, no evidence clarifies the optimal treatment approach for these patients. The aim of this review is to give a very practical clinical approach to the use of denosumab (duration of treatment), and to the management of rebound effect and possible adverse effects.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":7720,"journal":{"name":"Aging Clinical and Experimental Research","volume":"37 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.4,"publicationDate":"2025-03-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://link.springer.com/content/pdf/10.1007/s40520-025-02991-z.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143571101","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Causal associations between Sarcopenia-related traits and obstructive sleep apnea: a mendelian randomization study","authors":"Huixian Sun,&nbsp;Xin Zeng,&nbsp;Wei Gao,&nbsp;Xiang Lu","doi":"10.1007/s40520-025-02963-3","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s40520-025-02963-3","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><p>Evidence for a causal relationship between sarcopenia and obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) is scarce. This study aimed to investigate the causal association between sarcopenia-related traits and OSA utilizing Mendelian randomization (MR) analyses.</p><h3>Methods</h3><p>MR analyses were conducted using genetic instruments for sarcopenia-related traits, including hand grip strength, muscle mass, fat mass, water mass, and physical performance. Data from large-scale genome-wide association studies (GWAS) were utilized to identify genetic variants associated with these traits. Causal associations with OSA were assessed using various MR methods, including the inverse variance-weighted (IVW) method, MR-Egger, and weighted median approaches. Pleiotropy and heterogeneity were evaluated through MR-PRESSO and other sensitivity analyses.</p><h3>Results</h3><p>Low hand grip strength in individuals aged 60 years and older exhibited a positive correlation with the risk of OSA (IVW, OR = 1.190, 95% CI = 1.003–1.413, <i>p</i> = 0.047), while no significant causal effects were observed for grip strength in the left and right hands. Muscle mass, fat mass, and water mass were significantly associated with OSA, even after adjusting for multiple testing. Notably, higher levels of body fat percentage, trunk fat percentage, and limb fat percentage were strongly correlated with increased risk of OSA. Physical performance indicators such as walking pace demonstrated an inverse association with OSA, while a higher risk of OSA was observed with increased log odds of falling risk and greater frequency of falls in the last year. Additionally, a causal effect was found between long-standing illness, disability, or infirmity and OSA.</p><h3>Conclusions</h3><p>This comprehensive MR analysis provides evidence of a significant causal relationship between characteristics associated with sarcopenia, including low hand grip strength, muscle mass, fat mass, and physical performance, and the risk of OSA. These findings underscore the importance of addressing sarcopenia-related factors in the management and prevention of OSA.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":7720,"journal":{"name":"Aging Clinical and Experimental Research","volume":"37 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.4,"publicationDate":"2025-03-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://link.springer.com/content/pdf/10.1007/s40520-025-02963-3.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143571084","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Associations of social isolation with memory and cognitive function in middle-aged and older Chinese adults","authors":"Ting Feng,&nbsp;Rui Qiang Li,&nbsp;Lin Xu","doi":"10.1007/s40520-025-02987-9","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s40520-025-02987-9","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><p>Although social isolation has been identified as a risk factor for cognitive impairment, its potential impact relative to other documented risk factors has not been comprehensively quantified, leading to its underestimation in public health strategies. We aimed to address this gap by quantifying the contribution of social isolation to cognitive decline in the context of other risk factors.</p><h3>Methods</h3><p>Social isolation was evaluated using a modified Social Network Index (SNI) and cognitive function through the Delayed Word Recall Test (DWRT) and the Mini-Mental State Examination (MMSE). Linear and logistic regression models were employed to analyze the associations between social isolation and cognitive outcomes, adjusting for demographic and health-related factors. Additionally, the XGBoost algorithm with SHapley Additive exPlanations (SHAP) was used to quantify the relative importance of predictors.</p><h3>Results</h3><p>A total of 25,981 participants were recruited from 2003 to 2008. The mean age was 62.0 years, with 28.4% being men. Higher social isolation was significantly associated with lower DWRT (β=-0.15; 95% CI: -0.21 to -0.09) and MMSE scores (β=-0.34; 95% CI: -0.48 to -0.19), and higher odds of memory impairment (OR = 1.27; 95% CI: 1.15 to 1.40) and poor cognitive function (OR = 1.56; 95% CI: 1.23 to 1.99). XGBoost analysis ranked social isolation as the fifth most important predictor for MMSE scores (SHAP value = 0.175) and the eighth for memory impairment (SHAP value = 0.0133). Subgroup analyses indicated stronger associations among older adults, and individuals with lower education or manual occupation.</p><h3>Conclusion</h3><p>Our findings showed that social isolation is an important risk factor for cognitive outcomes. This underscores the urgent need for targeted public health interventions addressing social isolation, alongside other key risk factors, to preserve cognitive health.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":7720,"journal":{"name":"Aging Clinical and Experimental Research","volume":"37 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.4,"publicationDate":"2025-03-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://link.springer.com/content/pdf/10.1007/s40520-025-02987-9.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143571150","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Systemic immune inflammation mediates the association of serum omega-3 and omega-6 polyunsaturated fatty acids with biological aging: a national population-based study","authors":"Fei Shan,&nbsp;Yu Xiong,&nbsp;Pearl Pai,&nbsp;Mingya Liu","doi":"10.1007/s40520-025-02964-2","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s40520-025-02964-2","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Objective</h3><p>This study aimed to explore the association between serum omega-3 (n-3) and omega-6 (n-6) polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFAs) and biological aging, along with the potential mediating role of systemic immune inflammation (SII).</p><h3>Methods</h3><p>Data from the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES) 2011–2014 were used for analyses. Accelerated aging in participants was assessed by calculating the difference between phenotypic age (PhenoAge) and chronological age. Weighted multivariate linear regression models and subgroup analysis were used to investigate the correlation between serum n-3 and n-6 PUFAs and accelerated aging, and restricted cubic spline (RCS) model was applied to explore potential nonlinear relationships. We further conducted mediation analyses to assess the role of SII in these relationships. Additionally, weighted quantile sum (WQS) regression and quantile g-computation (QGC) models were conducted to investigate the mixed effects of serum PUFAs and identify the key contributor.</p><h3>Results</h3><p>A total of 3376 participants were enrolled in this study. In multivariate linear regression models, eight of the twelve individual serum PUFAs showed a significantly negative association with PhenoAge acceleration, Specifically, per-unit increases in linoleic acid (LA), gamma-linolenic acid (GLA), arachidonic acid (AA), alpha-linolenic acid (ALA), stearidonic acid (SDA), eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA), docosapentaenoic acid (n-3 DPA), and docosahexaenoic acid (DHA) were all associated with reduced PhenoAge acceleration (<i>P</i> &lt; 0.05, respectively). Subgroup analysis demonstrated robust consistence results when stratified by age, sex, and race/ethnicity. L-shaped nonlinear relationships were observed between PhenoAge acceleration with total n-6 PUFAs, LA and ALA (all <i>P</i> for nonlinear &lt; 0.05). Mediation analyses indicated that SII mediated the relationship between serum PUFAs and reduced PhenoAge acceleration. Mixed-effects analysis using WQS and QGC models revealed that the combined effect of serum PUFAs on reducing PhenoAge acceleration, with DHA showing the strongest significant contribution.</p><h3>Conclusions</h3><p>This study demonstrated that higher levels of certain PUFAs were associated with a reduction in PhenoAge acceleration either individually or in combination, with DHA having the most prominent effect in mixed effects. The SII mediated these relationships, suggesting that PUFAs may slow biological aging by reducing inflammation. These findings highlighted the potential role of PUFAs in mitigating accelerated aging and their implications for aging-related health interventions.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":7720,"journal":{"name":"Aging Clinical and Experimental Research","volume":"37 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.4,"publicationDate":"2025-03-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://link.springer.com/content/pdf/10.1007/s40520-025-02964-2.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143581010","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A prediction model for the risk of developing mild cognitive impairment in older adults with sarcopenia: evidence from the CHARLS","authors":"Xinyue Liu,&nbsp;Jingyi Ni,&nbsp;Baicheng Wang,&nbsp;Rui Yin,&nbsp;Jinlin Tang,&nbsp;Qi Chu,&nbsp;Lianghui You,&nbsp;Zhenggang Wu,&nbsp;Yan Cao,&nbsp;Chenbo Ji","doi":"10.1007/s40520-025-02980-2","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s40520-025-02980-2","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><p>Sarcopenia significantly increases the risk of cognitive impairments in older adults. Early detection of mild cognitive impairment (MCI) in individuals with sarcopenia is essential for timely intervention.</p><h3>Aims</h3><p>To develop an accurate prediction model for screening MCI in individuals with sarcopenia.</p><h3>Methods</h3><p>We employed machine learning and deep learning techniques to analyze data from 570 patients with sarcopenia from the China Health and Retirement Longitudinal Study (CHARLS). Our model forecasts MCI incidence over the next four years, categorizing patients into low and high-risk groups based on their risk levels.</p><h3>Results</h3><p>The model was constructed using CHARLS data from 2011 to 2015, incorporating eight validated variables. It outperformed logistic regression, achieving an Area Under the Curve (AUC) of 0.708 (95% CI: 0.544–0.844) for the test set and accurately classifying patients’ risk in the training set. The deep learning model demonstrated a low false-positive rate of 10.23% for MCI in higher-risk groups. Independent validation using 2015–2018 CHARLS data confirmed the model’s efficacy, with an AUC of 0.711 (0.95 CI, 0.588–0.823). An online tool to implement the model is available at http://47.115.214.16:8000/.</p><h3>Conclusions</h3><p>This deep learning model effectively predicts MCI risk in individuals with sarcopenia, facilitating early interventions. Its accuracy aids in identifying high-risk individuals, potentially enhancing patient care.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":7720,"journal":{"name":"Aging Clinical and Experimental Research","volume":"37 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.4,"publicationDate":"2025-03-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://link.springer.com/content/pdf/10.1007/s40520-025-02980-2.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143571102","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"COVID-19 booster doses reduce sex disparities in antibody responses among nursing home residents","authors":"Oladayo A. Oyebanji,&nbsp;Anna Yin,&nbsp;Nicholas Sundheimer,&nbsp;Vaishnavi Ragavapuram,&nbsp;Patrick Shea,&nbsp;Yi Cao,&nbsp;Philip A. Chan,&nbsp;Aman Nanda,&nbsp;Rohit Tyagi,&nbsp;Sakeena Raza,&nbsp;Nadia Mujahid,&nbsp;Yasin Abul,&nbsp;Alejandro B. Balazs,&nbsp;Jürgen Bosch,&nbsp;Christopher L. King,&nbsp;Sabra L. Klein,&nbsp;Stefan Gravenstein,&nbsp;David H. Canaday,&nbsp;Brigid M. Wilson","doi":"10.1007/s40520-025-02990-0","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s40520-025-02990-0","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><p>Data suggest that antibody responses following COVID-19 vaccines are a correlate of protection. Some studies, including the clinical trials of COVID-19 mRNA vaccines, did not stratify and evaluate whether antibody responses to COVID-19 vaccines differed between the sexes or with aging. This gap in research is particularly relevant for older populations such as nursing home residents (NHR). We hypothesized that sex differences in vaccine-induced antibody responses may intersect with age and be diminished among older adults residing in nursing homes.</p><h3>Methods</h3><p>We analyzed serum samples from 638 NHRs collected serially after the primary two-dose series and three subsequent booster doses of mRNA SARS-CoV-2 vaccinations. We analyzed anti-Spike IgG and neutralizing antibody titers to the Wuhan and Omicron BA.4/5 variant strains. Mixed-effects models predicting log-transformed titers were estimated to compare responses across vaccine doses, focusing on sex-differential responses. For detected post-dose sex differences, additional sample times were analyzed to assess the duration of the difference.</p><h3>Results</h3><p>Following the primary series, female NHRs with a prior history of SARS-CoV-2 infection had significantly higher Wuhan anti-Spike antibodies and neutralizing antibody titers than male NHRs with differences persisting up to nine months post-vaccination. Subsequent monovalent booster doses and a bivalent booster dose eliminated this disparity. We did not detect any differential response to the Omicron BA.4/5 variant.</p><h3>Conclusions</h3><p>The blunting of sex differences in antibody response observed following the primary series by the 1st booster dose underscores the importance of booster vaccination in this population.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":7720,"journal":{"name":"Aging Clinical and Experimental Research","volume":"37 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.4,"publicationDate":"2025-03-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://link.springer.com/content/pdf/10.1007/s40520-025-02990-0.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143571181","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"An explainable machine learning-based prediction model for sarcopenia in elderly Chinese people with knee osteoarthritis","authors":"Ziyan Wang,&nbsp;Yuqin Zhou,&nbsp;Xing Zeng,&nbsp;Yi Zhou,&nbsp;Tao Yang,&nbsp;Kongfa Hu","doi":"10.1007/s40520-025-02931-x","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s40520-025-02931-x","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><p>Sarcopenia is an age-related progressive skeletal muscle disease that leads to loss of muscle mass and function, resulting in adverse health outcomes such as falls, functional decline, and death. Knee osteoarthritis (KOA) is a common chronic degenerative joint disease among elderly individuals who causes joint pain and functional impairment. These two conditions often coexist in elderly individuals and are closely related. Early identification of the risk of sarcopenia in KOA patients is crucial for developing intervention strategies and improving patient health.</p><h3>Methods</h3><p>This study utilized data from the China Health and Retirement Longitudinal Study (CHARLS), selecting symptomatic KOA patients aged 65 years and above and analyzing a total of 95 variables. Predictive factors were screened via least absolute shrinkage and selection operator (LASSO) regression and logistic regression. Eight machine learning algorithms were employed to construct predictive models, with internal cross-validation and independent test validation performed. The final selected model was analyzed via the SHapley Additive exPlanations (SHAP) method to enhance interpretability and clinical applicability. To facilitate clinical use, we developed a web application based on this model (http://106.54.231.169/).</p><h3>Results</h3><p>The results indicate that six predictive factors—body mass index, upper arm length, marital status, total cholesterol, cystatin C, and shoulder pain—are closely associated with the risk of sarcopenia in KOA patients. CatBoost demonstrated excellent overall performance in both calibration analyses and probability estimates, reflecting accurate and dependable predictions. The final results on the independent test set (accuracy = 0.8902; F1 = 0.8627; AUC = 0.9697; Brier score = 0.0691) indicate that the model possesses strong predictive performance and excellent generalization ability, with predicted probabilities closely aligning with actual occurrence rates and thereby underscoring its reliability.</p><h3>Conclusion</h3><p>From the perspective of public health and aging, this study constructed an interpretable sarcopenia risk prediction model on the basis of routine clinical data. This model can be used for early screening and risk assessment of symptomatic KOA patients, assisting health departments and clinicians in the early detection and follow-up of relevant populations, thereby improving the quality of life and health outcomes of elderly individuals.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":7720,"journal":{"name":"Aging Clinical and Experimental Research","volume":"37 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.4,"publicationDate":"2025-03-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://link.springer.com/content/pdf/10.1007/s40520-025-02931-x.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143564430","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Comparison the effect of Otago and chair squat exercises on the fear of falling and the quality of life of the older adults, a clinical trial study","authors":"Zahra Mohammadi,&nbsp;Tayebeh Mirzaei,&nbsp;Ali Ravari,&nbsp;Zahra Kamiab","doi":"10.1007/s40520-025-02951-7","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s40520-025-02951-7","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><p>Staying at home limits older people's physical activity and increases their fear of falling. Also, their physiological and psychological problems lead to decrease in physical activity, which affects their quality of life.</p><h3>Aims</h3><p>The aim of this study was to help use a cost-effective, and less complicated method to reduce the fear of falling and improve the quality of life of the aged people.</p><h3>Methods</h3><p>A total of 126 aged people (over the age of 60) participated in this study, which lasted 8 weeks (three 45-min sessions per week at home). The participants were divided into three Chair squat, Otago, and control groups randomly. Fear of falling and quality of life scores were evaluated before and after the intervention. The data were analyzed using SPSS software.</p><h3>Results</h3><p>Before the study, there was no significant difference between the groups in terms of fear of falling and quality of life. After the intervention, the Otago was more effective than chair squat exercise in reducing the average score of the fear of falling, but there was no significant difference between the intervention groups in terms of quality of life.</p><h3>Discussion</h3><p>Both Otago and chair squat exercises were cost-effective and less complicated methods that helped reduce fear of falling and improve the quality of life of the older adults.</p><h3>Conclusion</h3><p>Performing the Otago and chair squat exercises at home was effective in reducing fear of falling and improving quality of life of the older adults.</p><h3>Clinical trial registration</h3><p>IRCT20150519022320N29 on July21, 2023.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":7720,"journal":{"name":"Aging Clinical and Experimental Research","volume":"37 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.4,"publicationDate":"2025-03-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://link.springer.com/content/pdf/10.1007/s40520-025-02951-7.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143529923","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Specific cognitive impairment predicts the neuropsychiatric symptoms in patient with mild cognitive impairment","authors":"Chenxi Pan,&nbsp;Ningxin Dong,&nbsp;Xiao Yuan,&nbsp;RenRen Li,&nbsp;Jing Ma,&nbsp;Ying Su,&nbsp;Qinghua Wang,&nbsp;Zhilan Tu,&nbsp;Jialin Zheng,&nbsp;Yunxia Li","doi":"10.1007/s40520-025-02952-6","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s40520-025-02952-6","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><p>Neuropsychiatric symptoms (NPS) are common in mild cognitive impairment (MCI). However, knowledge is limited about the relationship of NPS, clinical factors, and cognition in MCI.</p><h3>Methods</h3><p>A total of 1099 dementia, 1323 MCI and 377 cognitively normal (CN) were selected from the Tongji Cohort Study of Aging. All participants underwent comprehensive clinical and neuropsychological assessment. NPS were evaluated by the Neuropsychiatric Inventory Questionnaire (NPI-Q). Logistic regression analyses were conducted to investigate the relationship between clinical factors, cognition and NPS.</p><h3>Results</h3><p>The NPS presented in 56.39% of MCI participants, and the NPI-Q scores of MCI was intermediate between CN and dementia. The most common NPS in MCI were depression (30.76%), anxiety (25.09%), apathy (19.43%), and irritability (12.02%). MCI patients with NPS showed worse performance in global, memory, language, and attention than those without NPS. Additionally, Logistic regression analyses revealed that MCI patients with ischemic heart disease (OR = 1.41; 95%CI 1.050–1.897; <i>P</i> = 0.022) were more likely to have NPS, but MCI patients with increased memory domain Z score (OR = 0.847, 95%CI = 0.720–0.996, <i>p</i> = 0.044), and language domain Z score (OR = 0.801, 95%CI = 0.682–0.941, <i>p</i> = 0.007) were less likely to have NPS.</p><h3>Conclusions</h3><p>Neuropsychiatric symptoms occur commonly in MCI participants, and are mainly related to defect of language and memory function. A better understanding of the relationship between specific cognition and NPS may alert clinicians to pay close attention to the NPS in MCI patient, which may need early intervention.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":7720,"journal":{"name":"Aging Clinical and Experimental Research","volume":"37 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.4,"publicationDate":"2025-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://link.springer.com/content/pdf/10.1007/s40520-025-02952-6.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143521651","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Sex-specific associations between serum lipid levels and cognitive performance in older adults: results from a cross-sectional real-world study","authors":"Virginia Boccardi,&nbsp;Francesca Mancinetti,&nbsp;Anna Giulia Guazzarini,&nbsp;Ilenia Murasecco,&nbsp;Francesco Melis,&nbsp;Patrizia Bastiani,&nbsp;Michela Scamosci,&nbsp;Roberta Cecchetti,&nbsp;Patrizia Mecocci","doi":"10.1007/s40520-025-02976-y","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s40520-025-02976-y","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Aim</h3><p>Dyslipidemia and cognitive decline are prevalent in older adults, with their incidence increasing with age. However, the relationship between serum lipid levels and cognitive dysfunction in geriatrics remains unclear, potentially influenced by sex differences.</p><h3>Methods</h3><p>This study evaluated serum lipid levels and cognitive functions in older adults using a large battery of neuropsychological tests. Dementia was staged with the Clinical Dementia Rating (CDR), classifying participants as cognitively healthy (CDR 0), mildly impaired (CDR 0.5), or with dementia (CDR ≥ 1).</p><h3>Results</h3><p>The study involved 1283 participants aged over 65 (466 men, 817 women; mean age 79.79 ± 5.93 years). Women had lower education levels, reduced autonomy in activities of daily living (ADL), but greater independence in instrumental ADL. Additionally, women exhibited lower glucose but higher levels of total cholesterol (TC), high-density lipoprotein (HDL-C), and low-density lipoprotein (LDL-C) compared to men. Subjects with CDR ≥ 1 had significantly poorer cognitive scores than those with CDR 0 or 0.5. No associations were found between lipid levels and cognition in the CDR 0 group. In men with CDR 0, HDL-C positively correlated with ACE-R Fluency. In the CDR 0.5 group, TC and HDL-C were linked to better cognitive performance. For CDR ≥ 1, TC and HDL-C were associated with improved cognition in women but linked to cognitive decline in men.</p><h3>Conclusion</h3><p>Elevated late-life cholesterol may protect cognitive function in healthy individuals and those with mild impairment, with a sex-specific impact in dementia, beneficial for women but detrimental for men.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":7720,"journal":{"name":"Aging Clinical and Experimental Research","volume":"37 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.4,"publicationDate":"2025-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://link.springer.com/content/pdf/10.1007/s40520-025-02976-y.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143521649","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}