{"title":"2018年日本洪水和COVID-19大流行对日本广岛原子弹爆炸幸存者认知能力下降的影响：一项回顾性队列研究","authors":"Shuhei Yoshida, Daisuke Miyamori, Masanori Ito","doi":"10.1007/s40520-025-03054-z","DOIUrl":null,"url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><p>Atomic bomb survivors (ABSs) in Hiroshima are facing climate change-related natural disasters and emerging infectious diseases. The cognitive function of aging ABSs is vulnerable to the inevitable environmental changes caused by the 2018 Japan floods and COVID-19 pandemic.</p><h3>Aims</h3><p>This study examined the effects of these two disastrous events on cognitive function.</p><h3>Methods</h3><p>This retrospective cohort study included all verified individuals utilizing Long-Term Care Insurance services in Hiroshima Prefecture. The observation period was from January 2018 to December 2022. The participants were divided into three groups: ABSs, welfare recipients (WRs), and others. The objective variable was moderate or severe cognitive deterioration. We performed a difference-in-differences analysis using logistic regression models to investigate the effect of the two disastrous events on cognitive function compared with the effect of the other groups.</p><h3>Results</h3><p>There were 184,252 participants, including 16,306 ABSs (8.8%) and 8,509 WRs (4.6%). The difference-in-differences analysis showed no statistically significant effect of the 2018 Japan floods. The analysis also revealed that moderate cognitive decline among ABSs and WRs decreased during the COVID-19 pandemic (2020, 2021, and 2022). Moreover, severe cognitive decline among ABSs decreased after the onset of the COVID-19 pandemic (2020 and 2021).</p><h3>Discussion</h3><p>Although many older adults experienced cognitive exacerbations during the COVID-19 pandemic, ABSs had a lower risk of cognitive decline than those of non-WRs. However, no significant changes were observed during the 2018 Japan floods.</p><h3>Conclusions</h3><p>ABSs had a reduced risk of cognitive decline during the pandemic compared with that of the other groups.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":7720,"journal":{"name":"Aging Clinical and Experimental Research","volume":"37 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.4000,"publicationDate":"2025-05-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://link.springer.com/content/pdf/10.1007/s40520-025-03054-z.pdf","citationCount":"0","resultStr":"{\"title\":\"Effect of the 2018 Japan floods and COVID-19 pandemic on cognitive decline among atomic bomb survivors in Hiroshima, Japan: a retrospective cohort study\",\"authors\":\"Shuhei Yoshida, Daisuke Miyamori, Masanori Ito\",\"doi\":\"10.1007/s40520-025-03054-z\",\"DOIUrl\":null,\"url\":null,\"abstract\":\"<div><h3>Background</h3><p>Atomic bomb survivors (ABSs) in Hiroshima are facing climate change-related natural disasters and emerging infectious diseases. The cognitive function of aging ABSs is vulnerable to the inevitable environmental changes caused by the 2018 Japan floods and COVID-19 pandemic.</p><h3>Aims</h3><p>This study examined the effects of these two disastrous events on cognitive function.</p><h3>Methods</h3><p>This retrospective cohort study included all verified individuals utilizing Long-Term Care Insurance services in Hiroshima Prefecture. The observation period was from January 2018 to December 2022. The participants were divided into three groups: ABSs, welfare recipients (WRs), and others. The objective variable was moderate or severe cognitive deterioration. We performed a difference-in-differences analysis using logistic regression models to investigate the effect of the two disastrous events on cognitive function compared with the effect of the other groups.</p><h3>Results</h3><p>There were 184,252 participants, including 16,306 ABSs (8.8%) and 8,509 WRs (4.6%). The difference-in-differences analysis showed no statistically significant effect of the 2018 Japan floods. The analysis also revealed that moderate cognitive decline among ABSs and WRs decreased during the COVID-19 pandemic (2020, 2021, and 2022). Moreover, severe cognitive decline among ABSs decreased after the onset of the COVID-19 pandemic (2020 and 2021).</p><h3>Discussion</h3><p>Although many older adults experienced cognitive exacerbations during the COVID-19 pandemic, ABSs had a lower risk of cognitive decline than those of non-WRs. However, no significant changes were observed during the 2018 Japan floods.</p><h3>Conclusions</h3><p>ABSs had a reduced risk of cognitive decline during the pandemic compared with that of the other groups.</p></div>\",\"PeriodicalId\":7720,\"journal\":{\"name\":\"Aging Clinical and Experimental Research\",\"volume\":\"37 1\",\"pages\":\"\"},\"PeriodicalIF\":3.4000,\"publicationDate\":\"2025-05-16\",\"publicationTypes\":\"Journal Article\",\"fieldsOfStudy\":null,\"isOpenAccess\":false,\"openAccessPdf\":\"https://link.springer.com/content/pdf/10.1007/s40520-025-03054-z.pdf\",\"citationCount\":\"0\",\"resultStr\":null,\"platform\":\"Semanticscholar\",\"paperid\":null,\"PeriodicalName\":\"Aging Clinical and Experimental Research\",\"FirstCategoryId\":\"3\",\"ListUrlMain\":\"https://link.springer.com/article/10.1007/s40520-025-03054-z\",\"RegionNum\":3,\"RegionCategory\":\"医学\",\"ArticlePicture\":[],\"TitleCN\":null,\"AbstractTextCN\":null,\"PMCID\":null,\"EPubDate\":\"\",\"PubModel\":\"\",\"JCR\":\"Q2\",\"JCRName\":\"GERIATRICS & GERONTOLOGY\",\"Score\":null,\"Total\":0}","platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":null,"PeriodicalName":"Aging Clinical and Experimental Research","FirstCategoryId":"3","ListUrlMain":"https://link.springer.com/article/10.1007/s40520-025-03054-z","RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":null,"EPubDate":"","PubModel":"","JCR":"Q2","JCRName":"GERIATRICS & GERONTOLOGY","Score":null,"Total":0}
Effect of the 2018 Japan floods and COVID-19 pandemic on cognitive decline among atomic bomb survivors in Hiroshima, Japan: a retrospective cohort study
Background
Atomic bomb survivors (ABSs) in Hiroshima are facing climate change-related natural disasters and emerging infectious diseases. The cognitive function of aging ABSs is vulnerable to the inevitable environmental changes caused by the 2018 Japan floods and COVID-19 pandemic.
Aims
This study examined the effects of these two disastrous events on cognitive function.
Methods
This retrospective cohort study included all verified individuals utilizing Long-Term Care Insurance services in Hiroshima Prefecture. The observation period was from January 2018 to December 2022. The participants were divided into three groups: ABSs, welfare recipients (WRs), and others. The objective variable was moderate or severe cognitive deterioration. We performed a difference-in-differences analysis using logistic regression models to investigate the effect of the two disastrous events on cognitive function compared with the effect of the other groups.
Results
There were 184,252 participants, including 16,306 ABSs (8.8%) and 8,509 WRs (4.6%). The difference-in-differences analysis showed no statistically significant effect of the 2018 Japan floods. The analysis also revealed that moderate cognitive decline among ABSs and WRs decreased during the COVID-19 pandemic (2020, 2021, and 2022). Moreover, severe cognitive decline among ABSs decreased after the onset of the COVID-19 pandemic (2020 and 2021).
Discussion
Although many older adults experienced cognitive exacerbations during the COVID-19 pandemic, ABSs had a lower risk of cognitive decline than those of non-WRs. However, no significant changes were observed during the 2018 Japan floods.
Conclusions
ABSs had a reduced risk of cognitive decline during the pandemic compared with that of the other groups.
期刊介绍：
Aging clinical and experimental research offers a multidisciplinary forum on the progressing field of gerontology and geriatrics. The areas covered by the journal include: biogerontology, neurosciences, epidemiology, clinical gerontology and geriatric assessment, social, economical and behavioral gerontology. “Aging clinical and experimental research” appears bimonthly and publishes review articles, original papers and case reports.
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