Aging Clinical and Experimental Research最新文献

{"title":"Correlation between diabetes mellitus and refracture risk in patients with osteoporotic fractures: a retrospective cohort study","authors":"Shao-han Guo,&nbsp;Jian Xu,&nbsp;Min-zhe Xu,&nbsp;Chong Li,&nbsp;Ya-qin Gong,&nbsp;Ke Lu","doi":"10.1007/s40520-024-02917-1","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s40520-024-02917-1","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><p>Diabetes and osteoporosis are frequent long-term conditions. There is little information on the relationship between diabetes and the risk of refracture in people who have osteoporotic fractures (OPFs), even though both conditions have been individually associated with increased fracture risk.</p><h3>Methods</h3><p>We conducted a retrospective cohort study using the Osteoporotic Fracture Registry System of the Affiliated Kunshan Hospital of Jiangsu University. The study included 2,255 patients aged 50 years or older who were admitted with OPFs, comprising 107 with diabetes and 2,148 without. The risk of refracture within 1, 3, and 5 years was evaluated using Cox proportional hazard regression models based on whether or not a diabetes diagnosis was made during the admission assessment. Furthermore, the rates of refracture between individuals with and without diabetes were compared using Kaplan-Meier curves.</p><h3>Results</h3><p>In patients with OPFs, diabetes was significantly positively correlated with refracture risk. For the follow-up periods of 1, 3, and 5 years, the hazard ratios (HRs) in the fully adjusted model were 2.83 (95% confidence interval [CI]: 1.09 to 7.39, <i>P</i>-value = 0.033), 2.65 (95% CI: 1.27 to 5.52, <i>P</i>-value = 0.009), and 2.72 (95% CI: 1.39 to 5.32, <i>P</i>-value = 0.004), respectively.</p><h3>Conclusions</h3><p>The findings highlight the importance of monitoring bone health and implementing preventative interventions in individuals with diabetes, since they reveal that diabetic patients face a risk of refracture that is more than twice as high as that of non-diabetic individuals.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":7720,"journal":{"name":"Aging Clinical and Experimental Research","volume":"37 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.4,"publicationDate":"2025-03-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://link.springer.com/content/pdf/10.1007/s40520-024-02917-1.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143602223","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Mid- and long-term associations between food insecurity and sarcopenia","authors":"Aarón Salinas-Rodríguez,&nbsp;Vanessa De la Cruz-Góngora,&nbsp;Betty Manrique-Espinoza","doi":"10.1007/s40520-025-02999-5","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s40520-025-02999-5","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><p>Sarcopenia is a complex geriatric syndrome characterized by progressive and generalized loss of skeletal muscle mass, muscle strength, and physical performance. Nutritional factors, including food insecurity, have been reported to be important in the development of sarcopenia. However, evidence on the relationship between sarcopenia and food insecurity is limited, especially with longitudinal data.</p><h3>Aims</h3><p>This study aimed to examine the longitudinal association between sarcopenia, severe sarcopenia, and food insecurity in a nationally representative sample of older adults in Mexico.</p><h3>Methods</h3><p>We used data from the four waves (2009, 2014, 2017, 2021) of the World Health Organization Study on Global Ageing and Adult Health in Mexico. The sample consisted of 1,484 older adults aged 50 years or older. Sarcopenia was defined according to the criteria of the European Working Group on Sarcopenia in Older People. Food insecurity was assessed with two questions related to frequency of eating less and hunger due to lack of food in the last 12 months.</p><h3>Results</h3><p>Moderate (OR = 1.13; 95%CI: 1.09–1.20) and severe food insecurity (OR = 1.19; 95%CI: 1.11–1.27) significantly increased the longitudinal rates of sarcopenia or severe sarcopenia. Meanwhile, the incidence of severe food insecurity increased the cumulative incidence rate of sarcopenia and severe sarcopenia (OR = 1.91; 95%CI: 1.24–2.94).</p><h3>Discussion</h3><p>Since food insecurity is a modifiable structural factor, the implementation of specific programs to alleviate its deleterious consequences is warranted.</p><h3>Conclusions</h3><p>This study shows that moderate and severe food insecurity are associated with an increase in the rates of sarcopenia and severe sarcopenia over time.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":7720,"journal":{"name":"Aging Clinical and Experimental Research","volume":"37 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.4,"publicationDate":"2025-03-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://link.springer.com/content/pdf/10.1007/s40520-025-02999-5.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143602122","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Epidemiology and trends of hip fracture in centenarians: changes in clinical profile and in-hospital outcomes from a nationwide register study in Spain across 2004–2020","authors":"Juan Carlos Piñeiro-Fernández,&nbsp;Ramón Rabuñal-Rey,&nbsp;Eva Romay-Lema,&nbsp;Cristina Pedrosa-Fraga,&nbsp;David Rubal-Bran,&nbsp;Roi Suárez-Gil,&nbsp;Álvaro Marchán-López,&nbsp;Sonia Pértega-Díaz","doi":"10.1007/s40520-025-02994-w","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s40520-025-02994-w","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><p>Proximal hip fractures (PHFs) increased worldwide due to population ageing and represent the third cause of admission in Spanish centenarians. Recognizing trends in their evolution could improve their healthcare.</p><h3>Aim</h3><p>To describe changes in trends in clinical characteristics, surgical decisions and in-hospital outcomes in PHF among centenarians in Spain, 2004 and 2020.</p><h3>Methods</h3><p>This retrospective observational study included centenarians hospitalized with a principal diagnosis of PHF using data from the Hospital Discharge Records-Minimum Basic Data Set of the Spanish National Health System. Trends were analyzed using joinpoint regression analysis and descriptive and univariate statistics.</p><h3>Results</h3><p>4,261 PHF admissions among centenarians were recorded. The number of PHF admissions increased from 147 in 2004 to 339 in 2020 (Average Percentage Change (APC)= 3.8%), with a higher increase in women. However, there was a reduction in the incidence of admissions in the last five years. Despite a significant increase in multimorbidity (from 44.4 to 64.1%) and in-hospital complications, there was a decreased in surgical delay (with more surgeries performed within 48 h: from 27.6 to 43.3%) and length of hospital stay (from 12.2 ± 8.6 to 9.7 ± 8.0 days), with a notable shift towards arthroplasty (from 28.7 to 52.7%), and stable mortality rates (APC=-1.5).</p><h3>Conclusion</h3><p>This study indicates an increased complexity in patient profiles, with higher rates of multimorbidity and complications, but improvements in surgical care have led to reduced surgical delays and shorter hospital stays. Future studies are necessary to understand the factors associated with these trends and to design specific strategies in this vulnerable population.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":7720,"journal":{"name":"Aging Clinical and Experimental Research","volume":"37 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.4,"publicationDate":"2025-03-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://link.springer.com/content/pdf/10.1007/s40520-025-02994-w.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143602123","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Navigating the maze of active ageing measurement: untangling methodological and theoretical issues in the UJACAS questionnaire","authors":"Andrea Bosco,&nbsp;Antonella Lopez","doi":"10.1007/s40520-025-02953-5","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s40520-025-02953-5","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Active Ageing (AA) involves maintaining engagement in physical, social, and mental activities in older adulthood, reflecting societal values and political agendas. Despite various measurement tools, there is no universal standard. The University of Jyväskylä Active Ageing Scale (UJACAS) is increasingly used in Europe but faces inconsistencies from varying response scales across versions. This perspective paper examines these discrepancies and proposes a refined model for AA measurement, emphasizing the dimensions of motivation, ability, opportunity, and activity frequency. The goal is to improve the accuracy of AA assessments by adjusting for personal and environmental limitations, ensuring a fair evaluation that captures the complexities of ageing. The proposed adjustments to the UJACAS scoring model include recalibrating the equation to account for personal and environmental limitations, integrating motivation as a separate measure, and exploring adaptive methodologies to ensure fairer and more nuanced assessments of Active Ageing, particularly for individuals facing disabilities or obstacles. By addressing these issues, this perspective paper aims to enhance the effectiveness of AA tools for older adults. Moreover, adopting these methodological challenges has significant societal implications. Precise measurement of AA is essential for tailoring interventions to the needs of diverse older populations and for designing policies that promote inclusive, healthy and safe ageing. Enhancing the accuracy of AA assessments can inform strategies that empower older adults, mitigate disparities, and foster resilience in ageing communities. This study highlights the necessity of advancing AA measurement frameworks to support evidence-based decisions in public health and social policy.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":7720,"journal":{"name":"Aging Clinical and Experimental Research","volume":"37 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.4,"publicationDate":"2025-03-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://link.springer.com/content/pdf/10.1007/s40520-025-02953-5.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143602288","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Neuropsychological tests and machine learning: identifying predictors of MCI and dementia progression","authors":"Carlotta Cazzolli,&nbsp;Marco Chierici,&nbsp;Monica Dallabona,&nbsp;Chiara Guella,&nbsp;Giuseppe Jurman","doi":"10.1007/s40520-025-02962-4","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s40520-025-02962-4","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><p>Early prediction of progression in dementia is of major importance for providing patients with adequate clinical care, with considerable impact on the organization of the whole healthcare system.</p><h3>Aims</h3><p>The main task is tailoring robust and consolidated machine learning models to detect which neuropsychological tests are more effective in predicting a patient’s mental status. In a translational medicine perspective, such identification tool should find its place in the clinician’s toolbox as a support throughout his daily diagnostic routine. A second objective involves predicting the patient’s diagnosis based on the results of the cognitive assessment.</p><h3>Methods</h3><p>281 patients with MCI or dementia diagnosis were assessed through 14 commonly administered neuropsychological tests designed to evaluate different cognitive domains. A suite of machine learning models, trained on different subsets of data, was used to detect the most informative tests and to predict the patient’s diagnosis. Two external validation datasets containing MMSE and FAB tests were involved in this second task.</p><h3>Results</h3><p>The tests qualitatively and statistically associated to a cognitive decline are MMSE, FAB, BSTR, AM, and VSF, of which at least three were considered the most informative also by machine learning. 73% average accuracy was obtained in the diagnosis prediction on three subsets of original and external data.</p><h3>Discussion</h3><p>Detecting the most informative tests could reduce the visits’ time and prevent the cognitive assessment from being biased by external factors. Machine learning models’ prediction represents a useful baseline for the clinician’s actual diagnosis and a reliable insight into the future development of the patient’s cognitive status.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":7720,"journal":{"name":"Aging Clinical and Experimental Research","volume":"37 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.4,"publicationDate":"2025-03-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://link.springer.com/content/pdf/10.1007/s40520-025-02962-4.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143602422","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Influence of psychosocial and health-seeking behaviour on the risk of falling among persons living with type 2 diabetes in the Malaysian Elders Longitudinal Research (MELoR) cohort","authors":"Sheron Sir Loon Goh,&nbsp;Foong-Ming Moy,&nbsp;Sumaiyah Mat,&nbsp;Shazeea Mohamed Ali,&nbsp;Zi Xin Hoo,&nbsp;Sai Ganesh Rao Apparoo,&nbsp;Maw Pin Tan","doi":"10.1007/s40520-025-02961-5","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s40520-025-02961-5","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><p>Older persons with diabetes have an increased falls risk that could lead to serious complications including death.</p><h3>Aim</h3><p>To determine the influence of psychosocial factors and health-seeking behaviour on the risk of falling among individuals with type 2 diabetes.</p><h3>Methods</h3><p>This prospective study included community-dwelling adults aged ≥55 years selected through stratified random sampling from three neighbouring parliamentary constituencies. Data was collected at baseline in 2013–2015 with computer-assisted home-based interviews and follow-up in 2019 via telephone interviews.</p><h3>Results</h3><p>Data on diabetes status and falls were available for 908 participants at baseline and follow-up. Diabetes was present in 42.2% of included participants at follow-up, of whom 22.8% at baseline and 25.3% at 5-year follow-up had at least one fall within the last 12 months. Diabetics had a higher risk of falls at baseline (OR: 1.484; 95% CI: 1.060–2.077) and follow-up (OR: 1.424; 95% Cl: 1.038–1.954) than non-diabetics. It was found that female gender, arthritis, alcohol and presence of depression anxiety or stress were associated with increased risk of falls in diabetics. The presence of any depression, anxiety or stress remained significantly associated with falls in diabetics (OR: 1.947; 95% Cl: 1.115–3.402) after adjustments for age, gender, ethnicity, and education but this relationship was attenuated after additional adjustment for arthritis (OR: 1.763; 95% CI: 0.996–3.122).</p><h3>Conclusion</h3><p>Our findings suggest that psychological issues are significantly associated with increased risk of falls at five-year follow-up in individuals aged 55 years and over with diabetes. These findings highlight the potential importance of psychosocial support among diabetics to reduce the risk of falls, improve patient outcomes and quality of life.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":7720,"journal":{"name":"Aging Clinical and Experimental Research","volume":"37 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.4,"publicationDate":"2025-03-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://link.springer.com/content/pdf/10.1007/s40520-025-02961-5.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143583367","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The correlation between muscle loss and the severity of vascular stenosis in elderly patients with peripheral artery disease: a retrospective analysis utilizing computed tomography","authors":"Yangyang Zhang,&nbsp;Wenxin Zhao,&nbsp;Zuoguan Chen,&nbsp;Yixuan Wang,&nbsp;Xihao Zhang,&nbsp;Xue Chang,&nbsp;Yongjun Li,&nbsp;Jihong Yang","doi":"10.1007/s40520-025-02996-8","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s40520-025-02996-8","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><p>Peripheral artery disease (PAD) is a globally prevalent atherosclerotic disease associated with an increased risk of cardiovascular and cerebrovascular diseases and a poor prognosis. Skeletal muscle loss (sarcopenia) is particularly common in patients with PAD and is closely associated with poor prognosis.</p><h3>Aims</h3><p>The aim of this study was to evaluate the area, density and fat infiltration of skeletal muscle in patients with PAD by CT, and to analyze their relationship with the degree of vascular stenosis.</p><h3>Methods</h3><p>A total of 233 PAD patients who underwent lower extremity CTA in Beijing Hospital were included in this study. Image segmentation was performed using Slice-O-Matic® software, and parameters such as skeletal muscle area, density, and fat infiltration were measured at L3, L4, mid-thigh, and maximum soft tissue cross section of the lower leg. At the same time, the degree of lower extremity arterial stenosis was evaluated by CTA. The lower extremity arterial stenosis severity was graded as 0 (0–30%), 1 (31–50%), 2 (51–70%), 3 (71–99%), or 4 (occlusion).Then the CTA-score was calculated by summing the stenosis scores of the abdominal aorta and the lower limb arteries.</p><h3>Results</h3><p>Patients were categorized into high (n = 113) and low (n = 120) CTA score groups. Among males, those in the low score group had higher muscle indices at L3, though not statistically significant. However, thigh and calf muscle areas were significantly larger in low score males (P &lt; 0.001). High score patients had greater intermuscular fat indices. Regression analysis indicated that vascular stenosis accounted for 5% of the variance in muscle mass, with SFA, PoA, and PTA stenosis having the strongest correlations.</p><h3>Discussion</h3><p>Our study reveals how vascular stenosis affects muscle mass and composition in PAD patients, with the SFA, PoA, and PTA having the greatest impact due to their key role in lower limb blood supply. Severe stenosis leads to muscle mass reduction and increased fat infiltration, possibly due to chronic inflammation and oxidative stress. These findings highlight the need to address muscle health in PAD management, as targeting muscle atrophy and fat infiltration could enhance patient outcomes.</p><h3>Conclusions</h3><p>PAD severity had a significant effect on the muscles of the lower limbs, especially the stenosis of the SFA, PoA, and PTA. CT evaluation provides a new perspective for understanding muscle loss in patients with PAD.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":7720,"journal":{"name":"Aging Clinical and Experimental Research","volume":"37 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.4,"publicationDate":"2025-03-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://link.springer.com/content/pdf/10.1007/s40520-025-02996-8.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143594504","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The sex-specific difference in age-related aortic regional morphological changes","authors":"Zixuan Meng,&nbsp;Lele Cheng,&nbsp;Wenjun Liu,&nbsp;Yue Yu,&nbsp;Hui Liu,&nbsp;Guolin Yao,&nbsp;Jian Yang,&nbsp;Yue Wu,&nbsp;Zhijie Jian","doi":"10.1007/s40520-025-02981-1","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s40520-025-02981-1","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><p>This study aims to investigate the influence of sex on age-related changes in aortic morphology using computed tomography (CT) imaging.</p><h3>Method</h3><p>Patients who underwent contrast-enhanced chest and abdominal CT between July 2021 and April 2022 were enrolled and stratified into six groups. Sex-specific comparisons of body surface area (BSA)-adjusted aortic diameters and tortuosity were performed across different groups. To validate the consistency of sex differences on age-related arterial changes, particularly regarding stiffness, relevant data were extracted from a previously published study to analyze the correlation between age and arterial stiffness in both sexes.</p><h3>Results</h3><p>A total of 208 participants (59.6% males, overall mean age: 60.13 ± 16.33 years) were enrolled. The BSA-adjusted diameters showed a positive correlation with age in both sexes, with females exhibiting a more rapid increase than males. In the age groups of 60–69 years and above 80 years, females had significantly larger BSA-adjusted diameters of the ascending aorta than males. Additionally, after 40 years old, females had significantly greater BSA-adjusted tortuosity in all aortic segments than males. Both aortic and descending thoracic aortic tortuosity exhibited a notable increase with aging, particularly in females. Furthermore, branchial-pulse wave velocity (baPWV) showed a similar age-related progression pattern, with baPWV increasing at an accelerated rate in females.</p><h3>Conclusion</h3><p>A sex-based variation in the rate of aortic morphological aging is observed throughout the lifespan, with females showing more pronounced changes in aortic tortuosity. It highlights the importance of prioritizing preventive measures for females, who may benefit more due to sex-specific disparities.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":7720,"journal":{"name":"Aging Clinical and Experimental Research","volume":"37 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.4,"publicationDate":"2025-03-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://link.springer.com/content/pdf/10.1007/s40520-025-02981-1.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143583542","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Association between Geriatric Nutritional Risk Index and all-cause mortality in individuals with osteoporotic fractures: a retrospective cohort study","authors":"Ming-xin Chen,&nbsp;Li-long Feng,&nbsp;Ke Lu,&nbsp;Chong Li,&nbsp;Yin-lin Wei,&nbsp;Jian Jin,&nbsp;Wen-bin Hu,&nbsp;Yue-qin Guo,&nbsp;Hui-qiang Shan","doi":"10.1007/s40520-025-02978-w","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s40520-025-02978-w","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><p>The number of patients with osteoporotic fractures (OPFs) is on the rise because of global aging. However, few studies have examined the connection between Geriatric Nutritional Risk Index (GNRI) and overall mortality among inpatients with OPFs. Thus, our research seeks to investigate the link between GNRI and overall mortality in inpatients with OPFs.</p><h3>Methods</h3><p>A retrospective cohort study was investigated on 3143 Kunshan OPFs residents aged ≥ 50 years. Participants were stratified into malnutrition (GNRI ≤ 98) and no malnutrition groups (GNRI &gt; 98). Multivariate Cox regression analyses were utilized to evaluate the connection between GNRI and overall mortality. No non-linear association was detected through smoothed curve fitting and threshold analysis. Kaplan–Meier curves were employed to compare the cumulative risk of mortality across varying nutritional conditions. Subgroup analyses were conducted to further investigate the effects of age, sex and other clinical and laboratory factors on the link between GNRI and mortality.</p><h3>Results</h3><p>3,143 qualified inpatients with OPFs were involved in the final evaluation. Kaplan–Meier curves revealed that the cumulative risk of mortality was markedly elevated in malnutrition group compared to no malnutrition group. In complete adjustments model, malnutrition group showed an adjusted hazard ratio (aHR) of 1.42 [95% CI 1.05, 1.90; <i>P</i>-value = 0.021]. Furthermore, subgroup analyses revealed that no substantial interactions were detected among all variables. (<i>P-</i>interaction &gt; 0.05).</p><h3>Conclusions</h3><p>Reduced GNRI scores are linked to higher mortality in inpatients with OPFs. The GNRI potentially serve as a predictor for overall mortality risk in this population.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":7720,"journal":{"name":"Aging Clinical and Experimental Research","volume":"37 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.4,"publicationDate":"2025-03-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://link.springer.com/content/pdf/10.1007/s40520-025-02978-w.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143594784","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Age-related differences across the adult lifespan: a comparison of six field assessments of physical function","authors":"Lien Meulemans,&nbsp;Jolien Deboutte,&nbsp;Jan Seghers,&nbsp;Christophe Delecluse,&nbsp;Evelien Van Roie","doi":"10.1007/s40520-025-02965-1","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s40520-025-02965-1","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><p>Age-related declines in physical capabilities often result from decreased lower-limb muscle strength and power, which are measurable through field tests. Various tests can detect functional declines in older adults, but their responsiveness to age-related differences is less understood in those without substantial impairments. Therefore, this study evaluated and compared the ability of field tests to detect age-related changes in physical and muscle function across adulthood.</p><h3>Methods</h3><p>304 participants (52% female; 19–85 years) completed six field tests: handgrip strength (HGS), maximal gait speed (MGS) over a 10-m course, 5-repetition sit-to-stand power (STSP), timed up and go (TUG), countermovement jump (CMJ), and stair climbing power (SCP). Segmented regression analysis determined the relationship between age and field test performance, and identified the age at which the rate of decline increased. A multilevel linear mixed model compared decline rates between tests.</p><h3>Results</h3><p>Before 60 years, SCP and CMJ were responsive to age-related differences (-0.70 to -0.81%/year, <i>p</i> &lt; 0.05), whereas TUG and STSP (lower age-related decline, -0.18% to -0.52%/year, <i>p</i> &lt; 0.05) and HGS and MGS (no significant age-related decline) exhibited lower responsiveness. After 60, most tests (except the STSP) demonstrated increased responsiveness to age-related differences, although these differences remain most pronounced in SCP and CMJ (-1.61 to -1.75%/year, <i>p</i> &lt; 0.05).</p><h3>Conclusions</h3><p>These findings imply that most field tests are responsive to age-related declines in physical and/or muscle function after 60. In younger age groups, field tests that evaluate lower-limb power and have minimal ceiling effects, such as SCP and CMJ, should be prioritized.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":7720,"journal":{"name":"Aging Clinical and Experimental Research","volume":"37 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.4,"publicationDate":"2025-03-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://link.springer.com/content/pdf/10.1007/s40520-025-02965-1.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143571149","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}