Arukoru kenkyu to yakubutsu izon = Japanese journal of alcohol studies & drug dependence最新文献_第8页

[A chronic alcoholic patient with the development of frank diabetes after heavy drinking and perfect improvement following abstinence from alcohol]. [重度饮酒后发展为糖尿病的慢性酗酒患者，戒酒后病情完全好转]。

Arukoru kenkyu to yakubutsu izon = Japanese journal of alcohol studies & drug dependence Pub Date : 1992-06-01

M Yoshitsugu, Y Sekiya, M Ihori

{"title":"[A chronic alcoholic patient with the development of frank diabetes after heavy drinking and perfect improvement following abstinence from alcohol].","authors":"M Yoshitsugu, Y Sekiya, M Ihori","doi":"","DOIUrl":"","url":null,"abstract":"We experienced a chronic alcoholic patient in whom a large intake of alcohol led to the development of frank clinical diabetes, and glucose intolerance and insulin deficiency improved perfectly following abstinence from alcohol. The patient was a 31-year-old male with no diabetes among his relatives. He was a heavy drinker since 12 years, and especially had a large intake of alcohol from Dec. 25 '84 to Jan. 3 '85. From the end of Jan. 1985 he complained of thirst, polydipsia, polyuria and body weight loss from 94 to 69 Kg. On June 25 1985 he admitted for the treatment of diabetes and had abstinence from alcohol. The blood glucose and HbA1 levels were 291 mg/dl and 14.7%, respectively on admission. His 75 g OGTT was diabetic in type and serum insulin response to glucose decreased markedly. Liver function tests were normal, and islet cell antibody was negative. Blood adrenaline, noradrenaline, growth hormone, glucagon, cortisol, T3 and T4 levels were normal. FBS, HbA1 and 75 g OGTT recovered to normal by dietary treatment (1800 kcal) with oral hypoglycemic agents for 8 weeks. This case report suggests that the cause of alcohol-induced diabetes is probably due to impairment of insulin secretion by either alcohol itself or alcohol metabolites.","PeriodicalId":77015,"journal":{"name":"Arukoru kenkyu to yakubutsu izon = Japanese journal of alcohol studies & drug dependence","volume":"27 3","pages":"276-83"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1992-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"12693760","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

[The "addiction trends" seen among the wives of alcoholics]. [酗酒者妻子的“成瘾趋势”]。

Arukoru kenkyu to yakubutsu izon = Japanese journal of alcohol studies & drug dependence Pub Date : 1992-06-01

A Ino, T Ogoshi, K Sugino, M Shimura

{"title":"[The \"addiction trends\" seen among the wives of alcoholics].","authors":"A Ino, T Ogoshi, K Sugino, M Shimura","doi":"","DOIUrl":"","url":null,"abstract":"It has been noticed that wives of alcoholics tend to show an unhealthy relation to their husbands characterized by \"addiction,\" which might hamper the recovery of their husbands from alcohol dependence. Generally speaking, the addiction differs from person to person in its strength and its behavioral expression. The present authors thought that it might be helpful for both wives and therapists if the approximate picture of addiction could be grasped by means of a standardized form of questionnaire. The questionnaire, ASTWA, which consists of 24 questions, was designed to make clear the wives' character trends and their addictions. As for the character traits, the obsessive-compulsive tendency and the tendency to low self-esteem were estimated by four questions each. The two types of addiction, \"control\" patterns and \"caring\" trends, were tested. The former was checked in two directions, namely \"dominating\" tendency and \"involved\" tendency, with four questions each. The caring trends were estimated by eight questions. A total of 162 wives were asked to rate their answers to the 24 questions as 1, 2, or 3, which stand for none, occasionally, or frequently. The test was carried out at various stages of sobriety. A total of 78 married employees of the Mie prefectural government were tested as control. Those whose added score exceeded 39 points were rated to have a tendency to \"addiction.\" More detailed assessments were done in terms of the character traits and the addictions. The wives who scored more than 14 points in the character traits category were considered to have an affinity toward \"addiction.\" The two types of addiction, i.e., \"relation addiction,\" and \"care addiction,\" were clearly demonstrated in this test. It was noticed that in many cases the scores decreased favorably in parallel with the prolonged term of abstinence of their husbands.","PeriodicalId":77015,"journal":{"name":"Arukoru kenkyu to yakubutsu izon = Japanese journal of alcohol studies & drug dependence","volume":"27 3","pages":"313-33"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1992-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"12693763","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Interactive effects of ethanol on benzodiazepines levels in blood and brain of rat. 乙醇对大鼠血液和大脑中苯二氮卓类药物水平的相互作用。

Arukoru kenkyu to yakubutsu izon = Japanese journal of alcohol studies & drug dependence Pub Date : 1992-06-01

F Moriya, H Ishizu

引用次数: 0

[A study on the relationship between solvent abusers and alcoholism in the parental generation]. 父母代溶剂滥用者与酒精中毒关系的研究

Arukoru kenkyu to yakubutsu izon = Japanese journal of alcohol studies & drug dependence Pub Date : 1992-06-01

K Nagano

{"title":"[A study on the relationship between solvent abusers and alcoholism in the parental generation].","authors":"K Nagano","doi":"","DOIUrl":"","url":null,"abstract":"In recent years, attention has been paid to the fact that alcoholism and/or drug addiction runs in families. Few studies have investigated the relationship between solvent abuse in adolescents and alcoholism in their parents. Two hundred and ten solvent abusers who came to Serigaya-en, alcoholism and drug addiction treatment hospital, during from 1983 to 1989, were examined from the following two standpoints. The proportion of solvent abusers with alcoholic parents (A group), what characteristics the solvent abusers in A group had as compared with those whose parents were not alcoholic (NA group). The findings were summarized as follows; 21.4% of the subjects had an alcoholic (FH-RDC) parent. They were approximately two years older than those in the NA group at the first examination. The solvent abusers of the A group presented with: 1) more experiences of parental death and/or separation prior to the age of 15; 2) a higher frequency of school refusal in elementary or junior high school; 3) poorer socioeconomic status; 4) a longer duration of solvent abuse; 5) more abuse of addictive drugs other than solvent; 6) a more severe psychopathology; 7) a higher incidence of chronic organic diseases among their parents; 8) a higher incidence of solvent abuse among their siblings. The present study indicates that: 1) many a solvent abuser come from alcoholic families; 2) parental alcoholism is responsible not only for solvent abuse, but also for the development of addictions, (e.g., prolonged solvent abuse, developing into alcoholism or poly-substance abuse); 3) clinical and socioeconomic deterioration occurs not merely in the individual abusers but also in other family members, especially in the A group. The results lead the author to stress the importance of focusing the therapy upon the family itself.","PeriodicalId":77015,"journal":{"name":"Arukoru kenkyu to yakubutsu izon = Japanese journal of alcohol studies & drug dependence","volume":"27 3","pages":"297-312"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1992-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"12693762","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Legislation on alcohol detection in alcohol-related traffic accidents involving casualties in Japan and Canada. 日本和加拿大关于在涉及伤亡的与酒精有关的交通事故中检测酒精的立法。

Arukoru kenkyu to yakubutsu izon = Japanese journal of alcohol studies & drug dependence Pub Date : 1992-06-01

H Hattori, S Komura, J Furuno

{"title":"Legislation on alcohol detection in alcohol-related traffic accidents involving casualties in Japan and Canada.","authors":"H Hattori, S Komura, J Furuno","doi":"","DOIUrl":"","url":null,"abstract":"A comparative study of the law concerning the arrest and conviction of alcohol-related casualty traffic accident was made between Japan and Canada. In Japan, the incidence of alcohol-related traffic accident has declined since 1970, but the number of fatal traffic accidents remains unchanged over the last 6 years, and amount to 9% of the total number of fatalities in traffic accidents. Hence, an effort is being made to reduce this number. According to the Road Traffic Act, a driver can be convicted for drunken driving if his or her blood alcohol level is above 0.5 mg/ml or above 0.25 mg/l in exhaled air, and if driver is judged as a drunken state by sobriety test. Unlike Canada, however, police officer cannot demand a blood sample from a suspected drunken driver. Instead, they must rely on the breath analysis and sobriety test. These tests are considered to be less accurate than blood test. These drawbacks are reflected in a number of court cases which are related to the relationship between alcohol concentration and the state of driving. In Canada, the operation of a motor vehicle with a blood alcohol level of over 0.8 mg/ml is a criminal offense punishable by fine or imprisonment or both, and results in the suspension of driving privileges for 6 months. Initially, a breath alcohol analysis is performed on everyone suspected of motor vehicle after consuming alcohol within the preceding two hours. Subsequently, with the suspect's consent, a police officer is allowed to request a blood sample for further analysis.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)","PeriodicalId":77015,"journal":{"name":"Arukoru kenkyu to yakubutsu izon = Japanese journal of alcohol studies & drug dependence","volume":"27 3","pages":"233-41"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1992-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"12693852","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

[Effects of acetaldehyde exposure on maternal rats and their offspring]. [乙醛暴露对母鼠及其后代的影响]。

Arukoru kenkyu to yakubutsu izon = Japanese journal of alcohol studies & drug dependence Pub Date : 1992-06-01

T Imai, M Omoto

{"title":"[Effects of acetaldehyde exposure on maternal rats and their offspring].","authors":"T Imai, M Omoto","doi":"","DOIUrl":"","url":null,"abstract":"The effects of intake of acetaldehyde, the proximal metabolite of ethanol, were studied in two groups of Fischer strain rats. Virgin rats were mated at 3 months of age or at 8 months of age. The acetaldehyde intake group (AcH) was given a 2% aqueous solution of acetaldehyde for the first time on the first day of pregnancy. The solution was then given once a day, oral net acetaldehyde 240 mg/kg b.w. through gestation, labor and lactation. The control group was not exposed to acetaldehyde. Comparative observations were made on both maternal rats and their offspring. 1) Maternal body weight gain between the first and 20th day of pregnancy was significantly low in the AcH group compared with the control group (3-month-old: p less than 0.05, 8-month-old: p less than 0.05). As for placental weight, 3-month-old AcH mothers showed no significant differences from the controls, whereas 8-month-old AcH mothers weighed significantly less than those in the control group (p less than 0.01). Histological investigation disclosed that the brain, liver, and kidney had slight changes in all AcH mothers, whereas the control group showed almost no changes. 2) The average number of fetuses at the 20th day of gestation, neonates per litter, did not significantly differ among the groups. 3) As for the body weight of the offspring of 3-month-old mothers, the AcH neonates and 10-day-old offspring weighed significantly less than those in the control group (p less than 0.01, p less than 0.01). In the case of 8-month-old mothers, the AcH fetuses at the 20th day of gestation and neonates weighed significantly less than the controls (p less than 0.01, p less than 0.01). 4) Histological study of the brain, lung, liver, kidney, and thymus in offspring revealed remarkable visceral immaturity and hemorrhage in the AcH group, as compared to the controls.","PeriodicalId":77015,"journal":{"name":"Arukoru kenkyu to yakubutsu izon = Japanese journal of alcohol studies & drug dependence","volume":"27 3","pages":"334-54"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1992-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"12693764","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

A study of longitudinal patterns of substance abuse with special reference to multiple use problems. 对药物滥用纵向模式的研究，特别涉及多重使用问题。

Arukoru kenkyu to yakubutsu izon = Japanese journal of alcohol studies & drug dependence Pub Date : 1992-06-01

H Suwaki, M Yamasaki, S Horii, T Watanabe, H Kazunaga, A Fujimoto

{"title":"A study of longitudinal patterns of substance abuse with special reference to multiple use problems.","authors":"H Suwaki, M Yamasaki, S Horii, T Watanabe, H Kazunaga, A Fujimoto","doi":"","DOIUrl":"","url":null,"abstract":"1. Sequential patterns of abuse were analyzed in 222 subjects of substance abuse who had admitted mental hospitals. They were classified into four patterns and seven sub-patterns. 2. Alcohol alone type (Pattern I) was different from other patterns of abuse in their initiating ages, family status and the levels of social life. A marked tendency to multiple abuse was found in Pattern II and III including organic solvents and/or methamphetamine. 3. However, even in Pattern II and III, alcohol abuse was found in 18% of the subjects. This suggests alcohol is an important hidden substance in multiple drug abusers. 4. Many substance abusers without alcohol had also alcoholics in their family members. Especially those who initiated their abuse in early ages are supposed to have constitutional and family factors which are common to alcohol and drugs. 5. Patterns II and III of organic solvents and methamphetamine abuse, the existence of peers and their strong influence upon users were of prime importance. Initiation of abuse from an early age and disruption of social life were marked in those patterns. 6. Many alcoholics started their abuse in earlier ages than expected. The study shows that there were two groups; the group whose social lives had been disrupted at early ages, and the one whose level of social life had been maintained. 7. Physical illnesses were mostly found in the patterns which include alcohol abuse.","PeriodicalId":77015,"journal":{"name":"Arukoru kenkyu to yakubutsu izon = Japanese journal of alcohol studies & drug dependence","volume":"27 3","pages":"284-96"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1992-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"12693761","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

[Effect of ethanol on the development and maturation of synapses in the rat hippocampus]. 乙醇对大鼠海马突触发育成熟的影响。

Arukoru kenkyu to yakubutsu izon = Japanese journal of alcohol studies & drug dependence Pub Date : 1992-04-01

T Kuge

引用次数: 0

Behavioral effects of cocoa and its main active compound theobromine: evaluation by ambulatory activity and discrete avoidance in mice. 可可及其主要活性化合物可可碱的行为效应:小鼠动态活动和离散回避的评价。

Arukoru kenkyu to yakubutsu izon = Japanese journal of alcohol studies & drug dependence Pub Date : 1992-04-01

H Kuribara, S Tadokoro

{"title":"Behavioral effects of cocoa and its main active compound theobromine: evaluation by ambulatory activity and discrete avoidance in mice.","authors":"H Kuribara, S Tadokoro","doi":"","DOIUrl":"","url":null,"abstract":"Effects of cocoa and its main CNS active constituent methylxanthine theobromine as well as caffeine were evaluated by ambulatory activity, and discrete lever-press and shuttle avoidance in mice. Cocoa (1 g/kg p.o.) and theobromine (10 mg/kg p.o.) significantly increased ambulatory activity. However, the other doses of cocoa and theobromine had no effect on the ambulatory activity. Caffeine increased ambulatory activity with the maximum action at 30 mg/kg p.o. Furthermore, cocoa (0.1, 0.3 and 1 g/kg), theobromine (3, 10, 30 and 100 mg/kg) and caffeine (3, 10, 30 and 100 mg/kg) enhanced the ambulation-increasing effect of methamphetamine (2 mg/kg s.c.). The ambulation-increasing effect of cocaine (20 mg/kg s.c.) was also enhanced by cocoa (1 g/kg), theobromine (10, 30 and 100 mg/kg) and caffeine (10, 30 and 100 mg/kg). On the other hand, comparatively higher doses of theobromine and caffeine disrupted the well established avoidance response. Thus, the avoidance rate was significantly decreased by theobromine (100 mg/kg and more) and caffeine (30 mg/kg and more) under the lever-press situation, and by theobromine (100 mg/kg and more) and caffeine (100 mg/kg) under the shuttle situation. These dose effect relationships revealed that cocoa contains about 1% theobromine. The present results indicate that we may receive the CNS action of theobromine through consumption of theobromine-containing foodstuffs or beverages in our every day life.","PeriodicalId":77015,"journal":{"name":"Arukoru kenkyu to yakubutsu izon = Japanese journal of alcohol studies & drug dependence","volume":"27 2","pages":"168-79"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1992-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"12753648","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

[Ultrastructural changes of liver, heart, lung and kidney of mice in a large dose of ethanol injection]. [大剂量乙醇注射小鼠肝、心、肺、肾超微结构变化]。

Arukoru kenkyu to yakubutsu izon = Japanese journal of alcohol studies & drug dependence Pub Date : 1992-04-01

N Moriya, M Nihira, S Sato, T Watanabe

{"title":"[Ultrastructural changes of liver, heart, lung and kidney of mice in a large dose of ethanol injection].","authors":"N Moriya, M Nihira, S Sato, T Watanabe","doi":"","DOIUrl":"","url":null,"abstract":"Ethanol was injected intraperitoneally to dd-strain mice (20-25 g) with a dose of 5 g/kg body weight. The animals were sacrificed by the cervical dislocation at 4, 8, 12 and 24 hr after the ethanol injection. The changes of the ultrastructure of liver, heart, lung and kidney were examined by a transmission electron microscope. The results; from 4 hr to 24 hr after ethanol injection, deposition of fat droplets, swelling of mitochondria, enlargement of rough endoplasmic reticulum and loss of glycogen granules were observed in hepatocytes. Also, the edema of hepatocytes and intravascular hemostasis were found. These changes were aggravated with time course. In the heart, intravascular hemostasis, edema of myocardium, remarkable decrease of glycogen, swelling of mitochondria and appearance of I bands of myocardial fibers were observed. The damage to the myocardium by ethanol injection was similar to that associated with ischemia and anoxia. In the lung and the kidney, at early time after ethanol injection intravascular hemostasis and cell edema were observed but no other electron microscopical changes were found during the experiment. At 4 hr and 24hr after ethanol injection the edema of sinusoidal endothelial cell of liver and at 24hr that of endothelial cell of capillaries of heart were observed. These histological results suggest that the cell damages and intravascular hemostasis would be caused mainly by a direct action of ethanol. The damages of the liver and the heart, however, on the time blood ethanol was not detected would be caused by the disturbance of metabolism owing to ethanol oxidation.","PeriodicalId":77015,"journal":{"name":"Arukoru kenkyu to yakubutsu izon = Japanese journal of alcohol studies & drug dependence","volume":"27 2","pages":"189-200"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1992-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"12753649","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0