AIDS reviews最新文献_第9页

A systematic review evaluating HIV prevalence among conflict-affected populations, 2005-2020. 评估2005-2020年受冲突影响人群中艾滋病毒流行情况的系统综述。

IF 2.2 4区医学

AIDS reviews Pub Date : 2021-06-02 DOI: 10.24875/AIDSRev.200001311

Divya Mishra, Kelli O'Laughlin, Paul Spiegel

{"title":"A systematic review evaluating HIV prevalence among conflict-affected populations, 2005-2020.","authors":"Divya Mishra, Kelli O'Laughlin, Paul Spiegel","doi":"10.24875/AIDSRev.200001311","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.24875/AIDSRev.200001311","url":null,"abstract":"Historically, there has been concern that conflict may exacerbate the HIV epidemic. We conducted a systematic review to examine HIV prevalence in conflict-affected populations compared to district-level or countrywide HIV prevalence. Following PRISMA guidelines, studies presenting original HIV prevalence data published between 2005 and 2020 were drawn from PubMed, Scopus, and Embase. Data extracted included HIV prevalence, methods, dates, location, and population type. Studies were assessed for bias. Ten met criteria for data extraction; all focused on populations in sub-Saharan African. Most of the studies reported on mixed population settings while one was in a refugee camp. Six reported HIV prevalence higher than district- or country-level prevalence, while four reported lower HIV prevalence. Seven demonstrated moderate-to-high likelihood of bias in sampling, and five used methods limiting their comparability with local HIV prevalence. The relationship between armed conflict and HIV prevalence remains difficult to evaluate and likely varies by socioeconomic indicators.","PeriodicalId":7685,"journal":{"name":"AIDS reviews","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":2.2,"publicationDate":"2021-06-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC9478562/pdf/nihms-1833212.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"39198316","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 2

Is intermittent antiretroviral therapy a satisfactory strategy for the management of patients living with HIV? 间歇性抗逆转录病毒治疗是一种令人满意的艾滋病毒感染者管理策略吗?

IF 2.2 4区医学

AIDS reviews Pub Date : 2021-04-12 DOI: 10.24875/AIDSRev.20000108

Thomas Roland, Jean C Yombi

{"title":"Is intermittent antiretroviral therapy a satisfactory strategy for the management of patients living with HIV?","authors":"Thomas Roland, Jean C Yombi","doi":"10.24875/AIDSRev.20000108","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.24875/AIDSRev.20000108","url":null,"abstract":"Many innovations, such as long-acting agents, new delivery modalities (injectable and nanoparticles), and novel paradigms (immunotherapy or dual therapy), have been introduced to facilitate the administration of antiretroviral treatment (ART) to patients infected with HIV and improve their adherence and quality of life without altering the drugs' effectiveness. Studies have investigated the use of intermittent treatment, especially weekends-off ART in HIV-suppressed patients. In this review, we analyzed data concerning intermittent ART to help determine if this strategy is reasonable for the management of patients living with HIV. The results of early studies, in 2007-2015, were encouraging, but the studies were flawed because of the small number of patients included, the absence of a control arm, and random designs with variable patterns of ART administration. From 2016, studies have included more patients, and some are prospective, randomized controlled studies. While non-nucleoside reverse transcriptase inhibitors have been most studied, treatment with integrase inhibitors also has been reported, with the findings that viral resistance did not appear when treatment failed with dolutegravir but not with raltegravir. The most recent study, QUATUOR, found that a 4-day on, 3-day off pattern was non-inferior to the continuous pattern (7 days on). Better-quality studies with long-term follow-up (96 weeks or more) are needed to determine the validity of intermittent treatment and the optimal regimens and monitoring to be used in the management of viro-logically suppressed patients living with HIV.","PeriodicalId":7685,"journal":{"name":"AIDS reviews","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":2.2,"publicationDate":"2021-04-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"25600413","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 1

Current situation and prospect of HIV-associated neurocognitive disorder research in China: Epidemiology, research, diagnosis, and treatment status. 中国hiv相关神经认知障碍研究现状与展望:流行病学、研究、诊断和治疗现状。

IF 2.2 4区医学

AIDS reviews Pub Date : 2021-03-24 DOI: 10.24875/AIDSRev.20000044

Yu Qi, A Ailixire, Yu-Xun Gao, Rui-Li Li, Hong-Jun Li

{"title":"Current situation and prospect of HIV-associated neurocognitive disorder research in China: Epidemiology, research, diagnosis, and treatment status.","authors":"Yu Qi, A Ailixire, Yu-Xun Gao, Rui-Li Li, Hong-Jun Li","doi":"10.24875/AIDSRev.20000044","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.24875/AIDSRev.20000044","url":null,"abstract":"Standards of HIV/AIDS prevention and control in some areas of China are still poor. People live longer with the use of therapeutic drugs, which may lead to an increase in the number of HIV-associated neurocognitive disorders (HAND). However, only a few multicenter and large-scale studies investigating the prevalence and incidence of HAND have been undertaken in China. While the number of HIV/AIDS cases in China is still large, the prevalence of HAND is remains unclear. The diagnosis of HAND in China is mainly based on the international diagnostic scale, to which Chinese features are added. At present, five classes of antiretroviral therapy drugs widely used in China: nucleoside reverse transcriptase inhibitors (NRTIs), non-NRTIs (NNRTIs), protease inhibitors, integrase inhibitors, and membrane fusion inhibitors (FIs). There is no specific treatment or drug for HAND in China. Efforts are needed in the following aspects: trying to understand more epidemic features of HAND in China; formulating a unified neuropsychological scale with Chinese characteristics to diagnose HAND and adopt new approaches to identify different stages of HAND; early stage (reversible) accurate hierarchical prediction and diagnosis, combined with artificial intelligence to improve the work efficiency of doctors, and to solve the failure of outpatient diagnosis cases (asymptomatic patients); and exploring and establishing a perfect system for target treatment with HAND.","PeriodicalId":7685,"journal":{"name":"AIDS reviews","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":2.2,"publicationDate":"2021-03-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"25512153","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 1

How Does HIV Persist Under Antiretroviral Therapy: A Review of the Evidence. 抗逆转录病毒治疗下艾滋病毒如何持续存在:证据综述。

IF 2.2 4区医学

AIDS reviews Pub Date : 2021-03-16 DOI: 10.24875/AIDSRev.21000004

Gregory D Howgego

{"title":"How Does HIV Persist Under Antiretroviral Therapy: A Review of the Evidence.","authors":"Gregory D Howgego","doi":"10.24875/AIDSRev.21000004","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.24875/AIDSRev.21000004","url":null,"abstract":"HIV-1 is a retrovirus capable of establishing viral reservoirs that remain stable for extended periods under suppressive antiretroviral therapy (ART). Immune dysfunction and latency are well known to contribute to this longevity, but the respective roles of viral replication and latently infected (LI) cell proliferation under suppressive antiretroviral therapy (ART) have long been controversial. This historical review critically appraises the body of evidence regarding possible viral replication and proliferation of infected cells under ART. An ever-growing body of genetic and phylogenetic studies has demonstrated that HIV-infected cells are able to proliferate and contribute to the longevity of the reservoir in ART-treated patients. The role of ongoing replication remains controversial: it has been well established that HIV does not undergo evolution during ART or develop drug resistance, but some genetic, phylogenetic, and in vivo imaging studies have suggested that there may be ongoing replication despite this. The respective roles of viral replication and cellular proliferation in maintaining the LI reservoir remains an area of controversy. Elucidating these processes may allow us design interventions to reduce the size of the LI reservoir, increasing the length of treatment interruptions during which the virus will remain adequately suppressed, bringing us closer to a functional cure. Novel experimental techniques such as immuno-PET and digital droplet PCR (ddPCR) are increasingly being employed, and these, along with rapid particle sorting techniques currently in develop-ment, will be necessary to fully answer this question.","PeriodicalId":7685,"journal":{"name":"AIDS reviews","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":2.2,"publicationDate":"2021-03-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"25483540","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Efavirenz versus Protease Inhibitors in Patients with HIV: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis 依非韦伦与蛋白酶抑制剂在HIV患者中的应用:一项系统综述和荟萃分析

IF 2.2 4区医学

AIDS reviews Pub Date : 2021-03-08 DOI: 10.24875/AIDSRev.20000098

Sabina O. Nduaguba, Chinyere Okoh, Jamie C. Barner, Kentya H. Ford, James P. Wilson, Kenneth A. Lawson, James N Barnes, Tasha Beretvas

{"title":"Efavirenz versus Protease Inhibitors in Patients with HIV: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis","authors":"Sabina O. Nduaguba, Chinyere Okoh, Jamie C. Barner, Kentya H. Ford, James P. Wilson, Kenneth A. Lawson, James N Barnes, Tasha Beretvas","doi":"10.24875/AIDSRev.20000098","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.24875/AIDSRev.20000098","url":null,"abstract":"Efavirenz- and protease inhibitor (PI)-based regimens remain viable options across the globe. We conducted a meta-analysis to compare the effectiveness of efavirenz-based regimens relative to PI-based regimens. EMBASE, PubMed, Cochrane, and clinicaltrials.gov were searched for randomized controlled trials conducted between 1987 and 2018 comparing efavirenz- with PI-based regimens. This was followed by title, abstract, and full-text screens. The quality of selected studies was assessed using the Cochrane risk of bias tool. Meta-analysis of the odds of virological suppression was conducted using the robust variance estimation approach. Fifteen studies met the inclusion criteria and totaled 6712 patients (efavirenz arm = 3339; PI arm = 3373), of which 1610 (24.0%) were females. Follow-up ranged from 24 to 144 weeks. Mean/median age ranged from 33 to 44 years. Mean/median baseline CD4 count ranged from 32 to 557 cells/mL while mean/median baseline viral load ranged from log10 4.5 to log10 5.5 copies/mL.\u0000Meta-analysis showed that patients receiving efavirenz-based regimens had 37% higher odds of virological suppression compared to PI-based regimens (odds ratio = 1.37, 95% confidence interval = 1.06-1.77, p = 0.02). The Egger test suggested the presence of publication bias (B = 0.927, t = 2.214, p = 0.033). The main threat to the quality of evidence was attrition bias. Regarding virological suppression, efavirenzbased regimens were more effective than PI-based regimens and, therefore, might be ideal for the management of treatment naïve patients with HIV in settings where NNRTIs and PIs are used.","PeriodicalId":7685,"journal":{"name":"AIDS reviews","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":2.2,"publicationDate":"2021-03-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"40566947","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 1

Cellular and Immune Therapy for Treating HIV-1 Infection. 细胞和免疫疗法治疗HIV-1感染。

IF 2.2 4区医学

AIDS reviews Pub Date : 2021-02-24 DOI: 10.24875/AIDSRev.20000110

Wei Li, Qiqiang Zhou, Lingbo Xia, Ruixiang Zou, Wei Zou

引用次数: 0

New SARS-CoV-2 Variants Challenge Vaccines Protection. 新的SARS-CoV-2变种挑战疫苗保护。

IF 2.2 4区医学

AIDS reviews Pub Date : 2021-02-22 DOI: 10.24875/AIDSRev.M21000040

Vicente Soriano, José V Fernández-Montero

引用次数: 8

The Importance of Understanding the Stages of COVID-19 in Treatment and Trials. 了解COVID-19治疗和试验阶段的重要性。

IF 2.2 4区医学

AIDS reviews Pub Date : 2021-02-08 DOI: 10.24875/AIDSRev.200001261

Daniel O Griffin, Denise Brennan-Rieder, Binh Ngo, Pierre Kory, Marco Confalonieri, Leland Shapiro, Jose Iglesias, Michael Dube, Neha Nanda, Gino K In, Daniel Arkfeld, Preet Chaudhary, Vito M Campese, Diana L Hanna, David Sawcer, Glenn Ehresmann, David Peng, Miroslaw Smorgorzewski, April Amstrong, Eivind H Vinjevoll, Rajkumar Dasgupta, Fred R Sattler, Cristina Mussini, Oriol Mitjà, Vicente Soriano, Nicolas Peschanski, Gilles Hayem, Maria Carmela Piccirillo, António Lobo-Ferreira, Iraldo B Rivero, Ivan F H Hung, Marc Rendell, Stephen Ditmore, Joseph Varon, Paul Marik

{"title":"The Importance of Understanding the Stages of COVID-19 in Treatment and Trials.","authors":"Daniel O Griffin, Denise Brennan-Rieder, Binh Ngo, Pierre Kory, Marco Confalonieri, Leland Shapiro, Jose Iglesias, Michael Dube, Neha Nanda, Gino K In, Daniel Arkfeld, Preet Chaudhary, Vito M Campese, Diana L Hanna, David Sawcer, Glenn Ehresmann, David Peng, Miroslaw Smorgorzewski, April Amstrong, Eivind H Vinjevoll, Rajkumar Dasgupta, Fred R Sattler, Cristina Mussini, Oriol Mitjà, Vicente Soriano, Nicolas Peschanski, Gilles Hayem, Maria Carmela Piccirillo, António Lobo-Ferreira, Iraldo B Rivero, Ivan F H Hung, Marc Rendell, Stephen Ditmore, Joseph Varon, Paul Marik","doi":"10.24875/AIDSRev.200001261","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.24875/AIDSRev.200001261","url":null,"abstract":"COVID-19, caused by SARS-CoV-2, continues to be a major health problem since its first description in Wuhan, China, in December 2019. Multiple drugs have been tried to date in the treatment of COVID-19. Critical to treatment of COVID-19 and advancing therapeutics is an appreciation of the multiple stages of this disease and the importance of timing for investigation and use of various agents. We considered articles related to COVID-19 indexed on PubMed published January 1, 2020-November 15, 2020, and considered papers on the medRxiv preprint server. We identified relevant stages of COVID-19 including three periods: pre-exposure, incubation, and detectable viral replication; and five phases: the viral symptom phase, the early inflammatory phase, the secondary infection phase, the multisystem inflammatory phase, and the tail phase. This common terminology should serve as a framework to guide when COVID-19 therapeutics being studied or currently in use is likely to provide benefit rather than harm.","PeriodicalId":7685,"journal":{"name":"AIDS reviews","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":2.2,"publicationDate":"2021-02-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"25345237","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 62

Study of quality of life and depression in people living with HIV/AIDS in India. 印度艾滋病毒/艾滋病感染者的生活质量和抑郁研究。

IF 2.2 4区医学

AIDS reviews Pub Date : 2021-01-01 DOI: 10.24875/AIDSRev.20000114

Deepak Jain, Y M Pavan Kumar, V K Katyal, Promil Jain, Jay P Kumar, Shreya Singh

{"title":"Study of quality of life and depression in people living with HIV/AIDS in India.","authors":"Deepak Jain, Y M Pavan Kumar, V K Katyal, Promil Jain, Jay P Kumar, Shreya Singh","doi":"10.24875/AIDSRev.20000114","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.24875/AIDSRev.20000114","url":null,"abstract":"The aim of this study was to assess the quality of life (QOL) and the severity of depression in people living with HIV/AIDS (PLWHA) and investigate its correlates. This was a cross-sectional study on 700 PLWHA in India. World Health Organization QOL HIV (WHOQOL HIV-BREF) and Patient Health Questionnaire-9 (PHQ-9) were used to assess QOL and depression in PLWHA, respectively. The study population was divided into five groups on the basis of Cluster of Differentiation 4 (CD4) count as follows: Group A [< 50 cells/μL], Group B [50-199 cells/μL], Group C [200-349 cells/μL], Group D [350-499 cells/μL], and Group E [>500 cells/μL]. The lowest mean scores were noted under Group A [< 50 cells/μL] in physical and psychological domains and the highest mean scores were noted under Group E [> 500 cells/μL] in physical and environment domains. PHQ9 scores negatively correlated with QOL domains and the correlation was statistically significant (p < 0.001) with the highest negative correlation was found in relation to the psychological domain (r = -0.739). The PHQ9 score in those who do not have opportunistic illnesses (7.23 ± 6.14) was lower in comparison to those who had opportunistic illnesses (9.81 ± 6.40) and the difference was statistically significant (p < 0.001). We observed that there was almost a chronological increase in the individual QOL domain score and a decrease in the PHQ9 score with an increase in CD4 count. Our result supports the implementation of routine screening for depression in antiretroviral therapy centers and multidisciplinary interventions to improve outcomes among depressed PLWHA.","PeriodicalId":7685,"journal":{"name":"AIDS reviews","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":2.2,"publicationDate":"2021-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"39785075","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Central nervous system disorders in HIV-infected individuals using distinct antiretroviral drugs. 使用不同抗逆转录病毒药物的hiv感染者中枢神经系统疾病。

IF 2.2 4区医学

AIDS reviews Pub Date : 2021-01-01 DOI: 10.24875/AIDSRev.M21000044

Álvaro Mena

引用次数: 1